Urban Planning Portfolio-Abhinay Dhamija

URBAN

PLANNING

PORTFOLIO

A B H I N A Y

D H A M I J A

CONTENTS

01 Zonal Development Plan 02 Outline Development Plan 03 Development Plan 04 Regional Plan 05 Planning Thesis

LPA Amritsar Regional Development Plan

Dehradun Development Plan

F-10 Pocket ( Zone F) Planning Thesis

STUDIO PROJECTS

Vizag Zonal Development Plan Panji city Outline Development Plan

01 Zonal Development plan BACKGROUND & CONTEXT Project Information Type: Location: Area: Coordinator: Project Scope: Contributions:

Planning Studio- IV Visakhapatnam, A.P. 17.56 sq. km.

Ar. Snigdha Coastal Plan Developed base map and land use map Studied housing guidelines as well as coastal disaster management norms and incorporated them into the proposals.

Conducted a primary survey to find out about the physical, and social infrastructure and the transportation pattern and proposed some interventions.

Objectives 1. To look and provide for the future requirement and present backlog of the Shelters in 2. the zone to provide for basic housing needs.

3. To look for and provide for the basic infrastructure services and basic amenities to the present population of the zone and plan for future population needs as well.

4. To facilitate the movement of people and goods by enhancing the zone’s existing infrastructure and wayfinding systems 5. To preserve and enhance the zone’s built environment and public spaces through the skillful application of advanced historic preservation and urban design principles and methods.

Background A Zonal Development Plan means a plan for each zones (Division) containing information regarding the provision of social infrastructure, parks, open spaces, circulation system, etc. The Zonal Development Plan indicates the actual as well as proposed use zones designated in the ‘land use’ categories stated in the Master Plan according to which the area in the Zone is to be finally developed. Users indicated in the Zonal Development Plan will not give an automatic right to the owners to use their property/land for the designated use.

Zonal development planning involves community members working together with the city to identify specific issues affecting their community and produce a plan that provides solutions to meet the specific needs of their local area and support its unique character. They focus on planning for the management of future growth as well as offering community service provision. Thus, each ZDP intends to identify a broad range of issues that affect the local area and, in consultation with the local community, establishes a vision and objectives for the area, consolidating strategies and actions already identified in city-wide strategic documents.

From different landforms, (i.e. Hilly, Coastal and Plain Areas), we opted for Visakhapatnam cause being the coastal site, it delivers all the aspects of different landforms like hilly and flat land, making the site suitable for the study of different landforms.

Visakhapatnam is a port city, also known for its tourist attraction and industries, attracts a huge audience those have the capacity to expand the city in such a way that it can stand on their expectations.

Visakhapatnam Popularly known as “The jewel of the East Coast”. It is famous for its oldest shipyard in India and the longest seaport in the country. It has bright aspects for education and economic development activities as it provides numerous opportunities for the development of these sectors and many other sectors like tourism, infrastructure, fishery, agriculture, oil refinery, steel plants, etc. The city is among one of the most populous cities of the state and is among the top 10 cleanest cities in India. The geographical conditions of Vishakhapatnam are said to be almost the same as San Francisco and that has helped it in becoming a famous tourist attraction. It is primarily an industrial city, apart from being a port city. The city is also famous as the steel city of Andhra Pradesh due to the presence of a large steel plant of Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited.

Zone-2: Being the central part of the city, Zone-2 has different land uses like residential, commercial, public & semi-public, etc. The majority of people love to reside in Zone-2 as they have the advantage to access everything easily as compared to different zones. Zone-2 consists of the famous Andhra University as well as VMRDA INS Kursura Submarine Museum, increasing the attraction zone for students and tourists. VMRDA Kailasagiri as a hill station also helps in enhancing the tourist industry of Visakhapatnam.

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Parks Urban parks are green spaces set aside for recreation inside towns and cities. There is a adequate amenity of designated parks, Playground is a playpark, or play area is a place specifically designed to enable children to play there. It is typically outdoors.

There is adequate facility of playground through out Zone 2 Beach is a sandy area, this area also used for recreational purposes. Zone 2 got famous beaches in Vishakhapatnam and most famous is RK beach. Beaches in zone 2 are clean and safe for people which adds more value to them.

Stadium is a athletic or sports ground with tiers of seats for spectators and in vizag zone 2 there is Port Trust Diamond Jubilee Stadium. It is a multi-purpose stadium. The stadium has a two-tier architecture and designed in such a way that view of the match in action is not obstructed regardless of the seating location. It is currently used mainly for cricket matches.The stadium was built in 2003and has a capacity of 5,000 seats.

Land use map of Zone-2, Visakhapatnam

Land use Classification The majority of land in Zone 2 belongs to residential use which is 43 %.

Transportation use is within 7% of the land which is quite lower compared to the Master Plan causing congested roads and traffic problems.

NMT Analysis, Zone 2 , Vishakhapatnam

Vizag Zone 2 being a center of the city and along side a famous RK beach attracts a lot traffic movement as well as pedestrian movement. The pedestrian movement is high along side the beach area.

Most of the footpaths built in the city were constructed as per the earlier Government Order (GO) issued by the state government to maintain a width of 1.5m. The more recent footpaths, totaling 6 km in length, built along the inner ring of the zone have a width of 2m, which is insignificant when viewed as a proportion of the total road network in the city.

The 3m wide footpaths built along the Beach Road is concentrated only along the 4km stretch and not replicated in other parts of the city.

The entire zone has approximately 21km of footpaths , It is observed that 50 per cent of the footpaths in the city are discontinuous, due to various reasons like the presence of electric poles and trees on the footpath, entry to properties along the road, and breaks in footpaths at crossings and on-street parking. 20 per cent of the footpaths are mostly encroached by parking and shopkeepers along the road extending their shops to the footpaths. Only 30 per cent of the footpaths are without any encroachments. However, even these footpaths are not completely pedestrian-friendly because they are mostly concrete blocks placed as A cover to the sewer lines below. They are 180-200mm above the road surface and have occasional gaps between concrete blocks making them uncomfortable to the users. Majority of the arterial roads in the city had adequate street lighting for the carriageway, but did not provide separate lighting for the footpaths

NMT Proporsal, Zone 2 , Vishakhapatnam

These rickshaws have the potential to run for as many as 100 km after being charged for 7 hours. These are low maintenance vehicles as compared to traditional Auto. Also , theses vehicles make less noise, helping to maintain noise pollution. These charging station also help in future as modern society is turning there interest in electric cars as aultimate solution for problem like pollution. Moreover, there can also trigger the influence of electric cars.

PBS(Public Bicycle Sharing) is a public transportation system based on cycles, which are generally stored in a closely spaced network of stations. With a smart card or any other form of identification, a user can check out a bicycle from a station and return it to any other station. The central concept of this system is to provide affordable access to cycles for short- distance trips in an urban area as an alternative to motorized public transportation or private vehicles. It is better that than existing traditional rental bike system called Cycle Club PROPOSALS Based on PBS concept, Seven Docking stations are proposed all over the Zone 2 which will replace traditional rental bike system.

Separate Cycle track on Proposed PBS route.

Increase the density of trees besides PBS route, to increase healthy ambiance for cyclists and Pedestrians.

Four Charging stations at Existing auto station for E-Rickshaw.

Parking Proporsal, Zone 2 , Vishakhapatnam

PROPOSED PARKING P1 a large parking space is proposed besides beach road, All the on-street parked vehicle on beach Road and near beach road, can be accommodate in this parking space mitigating the problem of congestion. Moreover, it will reduce the risk of accidents and will increase the overall potential of the Rk beach.

P2 parking space is proposed beside Andhra University and 1.8 km away from Asillmetta.

P3 closed parking lot besides the stadium will incorporate parking of vehicles owned by spectators visiting stadium on occasions. However, on normal days will provide parking space to vehicles moving on HB road and NH 5 PARKING POLICY AND GUIDELINES Parking Management Committee should be created; committee shall have competent professionals, representatives from traffic police, municipal corporations, along with city engineers who are capable of managing and overseeing these complex and highly technical tasks.

•Enforcement - traffic police to declare a “no tolerance zone” for illegal parking on any public place in the project area not designated as parking and penalise for illegal parking and remove any impediments from the road.

•These parking will be used as night school to educate poor people [ Timings: 8pm-11pm].

03 Outline Development Plan BACKGROUND & CONTEXT Project Information Type: Location: Area: Coordinator: Project Scope: Contributions:

Objectives

1. To guide the development of a city Planning Studio- V 2. To chart a course for growth and change Panaji, Goa 3. To direct the physical development of the city 8.2 sq. km.

4. To provide a resource mobilization plan for the Dr. Charu Nangia, Ar. Snigdha proposed development works.

Tourism Plan Developed base map and land use map Studied existing demography and economy of the city w.r.t to the population and different sectors.

Conducted a primary survey to find out about the social infrastructure and the transportation pattern and proposed some interventions.

Background Panaji Outline Development Plan (ODP) also known as Interim Development Plan (IDP) is prepared for a time frame of 2-3 years. It manages development and change over time and defines what is important about a place. The objectives are referred from the long-term City Development Plan but focus on the crucial sectors which need immediate development.

Outlinedevelopmentplanninginvolvescommunitymembersworkingt ogetherwiththecitytoidentifyspecific issues affecting their community and produce a plan that provides solutions to meet the specific needs of their area and support its unique character.

ODP focuses on planning for the management of future growth following sustainability measures. The outline development plan is generally prepared to improve the conditions of the old or existing towns. It also helps in arranging the pattern of a town, restricts haphazard and unplanned growth, serves as a guide to the planning body, and helps in defining proposals.

A Future Ready City seeks to be more sustainable, resilient, and livable for its citizens. Future-ready cities are the cities that have the capability of absorbing the increment in population. These cities have the capacity to provide infrastructure to the increasing population (both organic as well as migrating populations). This includes an increase in SEZs, an Increase in affordable housing demands, good transport connectivity, etc.

Sustainability means meeting our own needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. In addition to natural resources, we also need social and economic resources. Sustainability is not just environmentalism.

Embedded in most definitions of sustainability we also find concerns for social equity and economic development.

The 17 SDGs are integrated—they recognize that action in one area will affect outcomes in others, and that development must balance social, economic and environmental sustainability.

It is located in the Tiswadi taluka of North Goa. It is well connected to all parts of the country by road, rail, and air network and is one of the fast-growing cities of Goa. The city is the major tourist hub in the state due to capable tourist infrastructure facilities and good accessibility to various tourist destinations.

This has been supported by various trade and commerce establishments, hotels and restaurants, tours and travels, and tourism-based art and artifacts. The city is also a major trading center for agricultural products and other commodities coming from the neighboring smaller towns and rural areas.

The economy is driven majorly by tourism, it is a popular and attractive tourist destination nationally as well as internationally. In this respect under the JnNURM Panaji was accorded ‘heritage city’ status (about 15% of the city area) and special grants toward conservation. Evidently, the local economy majorly depends on the tertiary sector, i.e. tourism and hospitality, and thereby one finds a large number of hotels and restaurants under various categories all across the city.

Landforms: Panaji is a Costal Area that lies on the banks of the Mandovi River estuary in the Tiswadi subdistrict.

Functional Aspects: The Panaji remains the most famous tourist destination in Goa, in terms of beaches, churches, carnivals, and natural beauty and it is also known for its enrich Heritage.

City`s Image: The town has some beautiful red-bluegreen-yellow roofed buildings made in the Portuguese Baroque style. Miramar Beach is one of the most visited beaches in Goa.

Base map of Panaji, Goa

Land use map of Panaji, Goa

The city’s landuse is predominantly of residential with a high concentration of commercial land use within the core city.

The city has no industrial set ups hence no land is under industrial land use.

Few parts of the city is under of eco sensitive zone consisting of 4% land under water shed, 4% land under conservation.

Housing Sector of Panaji, Goa

Comparing the 2001 and 2011 housing stock it is seen that there is increase of 43.2% houses under good quality housing and 18.9% increase under houses with livable conditions.

There is a considerable decline in dilapidated houses showing a negative growth rate.

Thus, it can be concluded that overall housing stock in the district and the city is of good quality Out of the total housing stock, 79% of the houses are in good condition Whereas 20% of the houses are in livable condition.

Only 1% of the houses are in dilapidated condition

Tourism of Panaji, Goa

Panaji is rich in natural scenic beauty, exuberant greenery, attractive beaches, temples, churches and distinctive architecture.

All these are a great source of attraction for the tourists.

Apart from its natural and cultural resources the city is well equipped with good quality tourist infrastructure and acts as a halting point for the major tourists visiting the state.

Its good regional connectivity to the tourist destinations in the state facilitates the tourist’s accessibility from the city.

As per the data from Department of Tourism for 2011 the city of Panaji received 6.90 lakh domestic tourists and 4.45 foreign tourists.

•The tourist arrival in the city has increased by 10% from 2008-2011 which is quite phenomenal

Public Transport of Panaji, Goa

The public bus transport system in the Panaji CCP is currently being served by private operators and Kadamba Transport Corporation Limited (KTC).

In Panaji the current modal split have low percentage of mass transport which is around 2.3%.

The core city is restricted for public transport operations due to high density and inadequate carriage widths of the roads for bus operations. Hence, the existing routes within the city are limited and often the frequencies are inadequate.

There are 14 numbers of platforms with 40,00 numbers of average passengers travelling per day. The condition of the bus stand is not satisfactory and needs improvements. An additional area of 17k sqm

Tourism proporsal of Panaji, Goa

OUR CONCEPT OF HERITAGE WALK We are aiming to preserve the rich heritage by passing the enrich knowledge of history to the people and aggrandizing what ancestors have left for us.

Our approach is to make tourism development ecologically supportable in the long term. The importance of this lies in its motives to conserve the resources and increase the value of local culture and tradition. It is considered as responsible tourism that aims at generating employment and income along without having any deeper impact on environment and local culture of the city.

Segregating the traffic and minimizing the use of private vehicles by promoting the use of public transport.

WHY HAVE WE SELECTED THIS STRETCH ?

We have selected the core city area of Panaji in order to distress the area from noise and air pollution generated by private vehicles.

The existing situation is failing to take advantage of the potential but we as planners want to enhance the character of the stretch.

This stretch brings alive the fact that modern Goa is a product of the blend of many different cultures like the Kadamba dynasty, Bijapur Sultanate and the Portuguese.

04 Development Plan BACKGROUND & CONTEXT Project Information Type: Location: Area: Coordinator: Project Scope: Contributions:

Planning Studio- VI Dehradun, Uttarakhand 71.62 sq. km.

Ar. Snigdha Development of tourism and economy Developed base map and land use map Studied environmental configures and growth patterns of the city.

Conducted a primary survey to find out about the physical infrastructure and the transportation pattern and proposed some interventions.

Background A master plan is a dynamic long-term planning document that provides a conceptual layout to guide future growth and development. Master planning is about making the connection between buildings, social settings, and their surrounding environments. A master plan includes analysis, recommendations, and proposals for a site’s population, economy, housing, transportation, community facilities, and land use. It is based on public input, surveys, planning initiatives, existing development, physical characteristics, and social and economic conditions.

The purpose of a Master Plan is to promote growth and guide and regulate the present and future development of towns and cities. It is an instrument to work out land and infrastructure requirements for various urban and rural uses and allocate land for various uses to result in harmonious and sustainable distribution of activities so that towns/cities are provided with a form and structure within which they can perform all their economic and social functions efficiently and effectively.

However, as indicated in various relevant acts, the scope of a master plan confines the broad proposals and allocation of land for various uses such as residential, industrial, commercial, recreational, public, and semi-public, etc. It proposes a network of roads and a pattern of streets and traffic circulation systems for the present and the future. A master plan identifies areas required to be preserved and conserved and the development of areas of natural scenery and landscape together with the preservation of features, structures, or places of historical, architectural, and scientific interest and environmental value. The master plan includes zoning regulations for regulating development within each zone. It also indicates stages through which the plan is proposed to be implemented. Thus, a master plan is an important instrument for guiding and regulating the development of towns and cities over a period and contributes to planned development both conceptually and operationally.

Objectives 1. Develop a phasing and implementation schedule and identify priorities for action.

2. Act as a framework for regeneration and attract private sector investment.

3. Conceptualize and shape the three-dimensional urban environment.

4. Define public, semiprivate, and private spaces and public amenities.

5. Determine the mix of uses and their physical relationship.

6. Engage the local community and act as a builder of consensus.

Dehradun It is the capital, the largest city, and the most populated city in Uttarakhand. It is the administrative headquarters of the district and is governed by the Dehradun Municipal Corporation, with the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly. The city, which is home to prestigious national institutions like the Survey of India, Oil & Natural Gas Commission, Forest Research Institute, and the like is emerging into a busy, economically active vibrant city serving the state from its age-old image of a residential and institutional center in the midst of peace, quiet and serene environment. The environment is one of the most prized elements of this city.

The land area is almost saturated in the north and northwest direction due to physical boundaries in terms of forests and hills. Based on the proposed master plan of Dehradun and spatial growth, after 2008, it is assessed that the major growth of the city has grown towards the southeast (Haridwar Road) and southwest (Saharanpur Road). Growth of urban areas has been observed at the expense of open areas and agricultural land.

Selected Cities (we considered working on): We selected Faridabad, Chandigarh, Jaipur, Jalandhar, Ludhiana, Alwar, and Dehradun.

Secondary Data: Due to the lack of secondary data available we were limited to Jaipur, Chandigarh, and Dehradun.

Landforms (Hilly Terrain): Since Dehradun has a lot of scopes when compared to other selected cities, therefore, we finalized it.

Functional Aspects: The economy of the city is based on tourism and administration.

Base map of Dehradun M. Corp; U.K.

Land use map of Dehradun M. Corp; U.K.

Education Sector of Dehradun M. Corp; U.K. ECONOMY DRIVEN BY INSTITUTION Education has been a major contributor to the economy of Dehradun. Dehradun with its array of reputed boarding schools has been a hub for primary and secondary education.

OVERALL DEHDRADUN LITERACY RATE Dehradun Nagar Nigam has an average literacy rate of 79% (male literacy stands at 54% while female literacy is at 46%) which is slightly higher than the national average of 74%. This educational hub with the presence of a number of reputed institutes and schools located in the city viz., Doon School, St. Joseph’s Academy, St. Thomas’ College,IMA etc. attracts students to the city from all over India.

The education infrastructure is adequate in nature, However the provision of smart schools is limited to the ABD area which should be extended to all the schools so that everyone is benefited from it.

NMT of Dehradun M. Corp; U.K. Dehradun is also set to pedestrianize the ABD area set for smart city mission. Under the smart city project, Paltan Bazar is set to be transformed into a pedestrian zone.

SWM of Dehradun M. Corp; U.K. According to the “Dehradun Nagar Nigam (DNN)” the city on average, generates about 200 MT of MSW per day. The per capita generation is 0.4kg a day.

The Mohalla Swachata Samiti (MSS), it comprises of residents, who engage private sweepers for door-to-door primary collection of waste from the area and to keep the area clean.

About 93 such MSS have been formed within the municipal area.

WASTE COMPOSITION AND CHARACTERISTICS City waste has a very high composition of organic matter (65%). Recyclable waste contributes about 20% including 7% plastics. The composition of inert substances is 15%.

High level of moisture in the waste increase the weight, hence increasing the cost of transportation. The fuel cost can be reduced by replacing existing transportation vehicles with electric vehicles. Also, the use of ICT can reduce the trip of the vehicle, hence reducing the cost of trips.

Measures should be taken in order to make MSS work properly with full efficiency.

New dumping yard with high capacity should be proposed to cater the future needs.

New dumping yard can be used to produce biogas fuel.

SWM Proposal of Dehradun M. Corp; U.K.

POLICIES & RECOMMENDATION SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT A new dumping site of 6ha should be established for Solid Waste Management in order to accommodate future solid waste generation.

There should be manual segregation at the collection point.

Initiation of the door to door collection at localities which are unserved.

Replacement of dustbins with smart dustbins, to decrease the fuel cost and manpower.

Segregation of waste at household should be encouraged.

STORM WATER DRAINAGE Cleaning of drains with the use of mesh/screens Restriction on dumping of garbage into drains.

Reconstruction of drains which are in bad shape.

Rainwater harvesting should be encouraged in every household.

Periodic De Silting Operation.

05 Regional Plan BACKGROUND & CONTEXT Project Information Type: Location: Area: Coordinator: Project Scope: Contributions:

Planning Studio- VII LPA Amritsar, Punjab 8.2 sq. km.

Mr. Sandeep Kumar Development of tourism and economy Developed base map and land use map Studied Governance and growth patterns of the region.

Conducted a primary survey to find out about the physical and social infrastructure as well as the transportation pattern and proposed some interventions.

Background It is a multidisciplinary approach aimed at the holistic development of a region. According to Mackaye “Regional Planning is an attempt at discovering the plans of nature for the attainment of Man’s ends upon the Earth”. According to Munford, “Regional Planning asks not how wide an area can be brought under the aegis of the Metropolis, but how the population and civic facilities can be distributed so as to promote and stimulate a vivid and creative life throughout a whole region”. Regional Planning is a specific type of planning, based on, a specific planning structure for inducing public action aimed at societal well-being. It implies that it is concerned fundamentally with society in the context of space. Regional Planning is considered as a geo-technology for the comprehensive development of regions through the rational transformation of regional space. It seeks to recognize space more rationally with a view to achieving greater regional integration at different spatial levels ensuring the fuller development of the potentialities of the smallest unit, consisting of a region. It should be viewed as essentially a means to strengthen the national economy through the mechanism by evaluating the potential of sub-regions and developing them to the best advantage of the nation as a whole.

Regional planning seeks to achieve the comprehensive development of the entire regional space, the regional system in its entirety. It seeks the development of all sectors of the economy along with the advancement of all segments of society.

The vision of the regional plan is to create growth centers as livable, sustainable suppliers of employment, assets, assurances of a high degree of quality of life, and role model of efficient delivery of basic services as well as to make Amritsar grow and emerge as one of the most significant dynamical, productive, pollution-free, and lively centers of the State of Punjab.

Objectives 1. To review and formulate a framework with a goal to make the region self-sustaining, thrive for economic opportunities, boost tourism, and enhance the core infrastructure for a decent quality of life.

2. Making area assessments and suggesting strategies for its economic development.

3. Rationalization of land use and their interrelationships.

4. Promote better governance and resource generation for planned development.

5. Indicating spatial distribution of physical/social infrastructure for optimum use.

Local Planning Area, Amritsar The Amritsar Local Planning Area (LPA) has been notified under section 56 (i) of the Punjab Regional and Town Planning and Development Act, 1995 (amended 2006), vide notification no. 12/65/2006-4HGI/5599, dated 18th July 2007. (Exercising the power vested under Section 56(7) of the Act.) The Amritsar Local Planning Area covers an area of 1,39,419 hectares with a total population of 16, 60,466 persons. It consists of Municipal Corporation Amritsar with an area of 142.37 sq. km (including Amritsar Cantonment), four urban settlements namely Jandiala (M.Cl), Majitha (M.Cl), Rayya (Nagar Panchayat) and Rajasansi (Nagar Panchayat) and 310 rural settlements.

The location coordinates of Amritsar district lie between 31° 29' and 32° 03' North latitudes and between 74° 29' and 75° 23' East longitudes. It is the third largest border district of the state after Ferozepur and Gurdaspur. Tarn Taran is the smallest among the four border districts. Besides being the District Headquarter and an important tourist destination (due to the existence of Golden Temple, Durgiana Mandir, Jallianwala Bagh, etc.). ·Amritsar is the second largest city in Punjab and a great center of learning and literature. It has a number of educational institutions of regional importance, such as Guru Nanak Dev University, Khalsa College, ten Degree Colleges, and two B. Ed. colleges, two Engineering Colleges, nine Nursing Colleges, two Polytechnics/Industrial Training Institutes, one Medical College, one Ayurvedic College, two Dental Colleges, and four distance education centers.

Base map of LPA Region, Amritsar, Punjab

Land use map of LPA Region, Amritsar, Punjab

The LPA land use is predominantly agriculture i.e., 1,17,476 Ha., and residential i.e., 12,333 Ha. with a high concentric concentration of mixed land use near the core LPA. The LPA has an industrial setup of 949 Ha. i.e., 4% of total land use distribution.

LPA has a lot of water bodies that is in the form of rivers, drains, canals, and ponds comprising an area of 2,098 Ha.

Amritsar- Kolkata Industrial Corridor ( Road Map)

Amritsar - Kolkata Industrial Corridor ( Rail Network)

Tourisms & Heritage of LPA Region, Amritsar, Punjab

EXISTING TOURIST TREND IN AMRITSAR The visitors to Amritsar is extremely high i.e.70,000 per day, indicating religious connections to the city. The endeavour should be to promote inter-state and international tourism in the state which will be to the city also. Similarly, the up-gradation of the domestic Raja Sansi Airport into International Airport has also boosted up the inflow of International Tourists including Punjabi NRI & foreigners. It is found that the total number of air traffic has increased from 25000 per annum to 50,000 at Raja Sansi Airport at Amritsar.

AVAILABILITY OF TOURIST ACCOMMODATION IN AMRITSAR Amritsar has various types of tourism infrastructure including first-class and economic hotels, transport facilities and guides to cater for the needs of tourists. In Amritsar, the category-wise number of registered hotels is comparatively lower in the number than in other near by cities like Ludhiana and Jalandhar.

Walled City , Amritsar, Punjab

The city wall is punctuated by 12 gates connecting one another and the core of the city where the Golden Temple sits in a commanding position surrounded by the sacred tank and the circumambulation path.

Between the city walls and the Golden Temple is the densely built urban fabric characterized by narrow lanes, katras, houses with courtyards and bustling bazaars.

This form of urbanity is typical of the period with several other cities displaying similar characteristics.

The Amritsar walled city that greets visitors today is a bustling, busy city with a distinct 'frontier' atmosphere. The Golden Temple, where Sikhs from all over the world come to pay their reverence to Guru Granth Sahib and take a dip in the Amrit Saras Kund (Pool of Immortality) for spiritual purification is the major landmark of the place.

The problems of internalized growth and densification of the inner city of Amritsar are experienced in many other contemporary cities.

The challenge is to address the paradoxical situation of development and conservation of the unique urban heritage.

The planning and development strategy has to be structured in a sensitive mode preserving the city heritage which is conserved up till now and should be future

06 Planning Thesis BACKGROUND & CONTEXT Project Information Type: Location: Area: Coordinator: Project Scope: Contributions:

Thesis F-10 Pocket (Zone F), Delhi 4.75 sq. km.

Mr. Anil Kumar NMT Transit Interventions For Effective Last-Mile Connectivity : A case study of Delhi

Aim To provide solutions for an efficient NMT system that improves last-mile connectivity in urban neighbourhoods.

Need of the study The number of private vehicles is increasing and taking up more space on the roads, which is leaving less room for NMT in the site area.

According to the Delhi Master Plan 2041 (draft), if NMT modes and infrastructure can alleviate lastmile connectivity.

NMTs can effectively serve as the main feeder mode to this region, offering a cost-effective, accessible, and convenient means of transportation.

Background The site is bounded by the principal streets of a network of Delhi. With Press Enclave, Outer Ring Road and Lal Bahadur Shastri Marg carrying large amounts of traffic and people every day, the internal streets of the study area are used as thoroughfare routes to bypass certain stretches on main roads by vehicles to avoid congestion.

This leads to undesirable traffic increasing noise and air pollution within the project area. The area is quite active with key marketplaces, active stretches, schools and places of worship like temples, masjid and gurudwaras that are used by many people from neighbouring areas and this also leads to the increased traffic load in the area.

Objectives 1. To identify prevailing issues of the existing transit system in an urban neighbourhood.

2. To evaluate existing NMT modes of the site area (Pocket F10, Zone F, Delhi) in order to identify missing linkages for integrated transportation.

3. To prepare strategies and recommendations to improve last-mile connectivity through NMT.

Research Question How can NMT act as an important link in achieving last-mile connectivity in urban neighbourhood?

Project methodology

Base map of F-10 Pocket, Zone F, Delhi

Land-use map of F-10 Pocket, Zone F, Delhi

Accessibility Analysis of F-10 Pocket, Zone F, Delhi

Pocket F-10 currently has 6 parking spaces, two of which are located along the Malviya Nagar and Chirag Delhi Metro Stations. However, the majority of auto-rickshaws and some erickshaws are parked on the streets right next to the metro station gates. This on-street parking leads to congestion and chaos in the area. It is important to address this issue by promoting more sustainable modes of transportation, such as replacing auto-rickshaws with e-rickshaws. The existing Public Bicycle Sharing (PBS) system, operated by "Miracle," is available at all four metro stations: Malviya Nagar, Chirag Delhi, and Hauz Khas. However, it appears that the PBS facility is not being fully utilized, primarily attracting people under 25 years old for recreational purposes.

To maximize its potential, efforts should be made to encourage a wider range of passengers to utilize the system more efficiently. Moreover, F-10 lacks essential non-motorized transport (NMT) infrastructure, such as designated parking areas, authorized stands, government workshops/repair shops, integration with public transportation systems like Bus Rapid Transit Systems (BRTS) or Metro Rail Transit Systems (MRTS), as well as access to restrooms and drinking water facilities.

To improve the transportation system in F-10, it is crucial to develop basic infrastructure facilities such as dedicated parking spaces, authorized stands for auto-rickshaws and e-rickshaws, government-operated workshops for repairs, integration with BRTS or MRTS systems, and the provision of restrooms and drinking water facilities. These improvements will enhance the system's capacity to serve more passengers efficiently and provide a better overall experience.