ucl portfolio-Li Xiao.pdf

PORTFOLIO APPLY FOR THE BARTLETT SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

XIAO LI

CONTENT 01_ PARADISE LOST- VILLAGE LIBRARY DESIGN advisor: Hanfang Liu- Winter 2022 In Wenhai Village, there is a reliance on short-distance travel due to the local topography, resulting in village names that are intimately associated with proximity. The expansive communal gathering spaces often prove inadequate for the dynamics of rural life.

Smaller meeting venues are thoughtfully distributed throughout the village and are easily accessible by a brief walk. Architectural designs have been tailored to harmonize with the terrain, ensuring multiple access points from various directions. Addressing the current challenge of high transportation costs and fostering interpersonal communication within short walking distances serves to harmonize the built environment with the nuances of rural life.

01

02_ Urban Revolution- Art Centre advisor: Jiang Yu- Summer 2021 Similar to many other developed cities, Jinan is experiencing rapid urban transformation, leading to a challenge in providing adequate gathering spaces that cater to the needs of modern urban life and communication.

To address this issue, a new configuration approach is proposed, involving the opening up of both ground-level spaces and rooftops. The aim is to return these spaces to the public, disrupting the conventional urban spatial layout. By inviting public access into the building at any time, the intention is to seamlessly integrate the building into the larger urban fabric and the elevated urban environment.

13

03_ PARADISE LOST- VILLAGE LIBRARY DESIGN advisor: Hanfang Liu- Winter 2022 In various level areas within the Qi Mountain Natural Forest, a purely handcrafted wooden structure is being erected using traditional joinery methods. Employing a precisely crafted form that elegantly spirals with the natural mountainous terrain, it aims to create a space that caters to activities such as pausing, resting, and appreciating the surroundings.

Additionally, the advantages of the joinery structure lie in its ease of assembly, disassembly, and reassembly. The goal is to harness these advantages and construct different structures and functions according to the varied needs of visitors in different areas of the Qi Mountain Natural Forest. Moreover, each structure in different regions can be combined to form a centralized space

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04_ ANCIENT BUILDING SURVEY- Lu Ban Ancestral Hall advisor: Hong Yu- Summer 2022 Conducting a comprehensive study of historic buildings in Jinan, including surveying and mapping, researching traditional carpentry techniques, the structural aspects of wood, and the functional spaces within these structures, is a complex and multi-faceted endeavor. This research aims to survey and map an ancient building on Jinan's Qianfo Mountain that boasts a history spanning over a millennium.

The subsequent phase involves creating 3D simulation models and Computer-Aided Design (CAD) plans and elevations. This process will provide a detailed and accurate representation of the historic building, allowing for a deeper understanding of its architectural intricacies and historical significance.

05_ Drawing-Classical Style Library

26

[other works]

advisor: Jiang Yu- Summer 2022 I have a deep fascination for classical architecture, which is rooted in the classical columnar structure serving as the foundation of its design. This architectural style is inherently logical, emphasizing a dignified, unified, and stable external appearance. At the same time, the interiors of classical buildings are marked by opulence, decorative elements, and frequently exhibit a baroque aesthetic.

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1.

in Lijiang Village Library with a Bazaar Area:2000 ㎡

Paradise Lost In Wenhai Village, there is a reliance on short-distance travel due to the local topography, resulting in village names that are intimately associated with proximity. The expansive communal gathering spaces often prove inadequate for the dynamics of rural life.

Smaller meeting venues are thoughtfully distributed throughout the village and are easily accessible by a brief walk. Architectural designs have been tailored to harmonize with the terrain, ensuring multiple access points from various directions. Addressing the current challenge of high transportation costs and fostering interpersonal communication within short walking distances serves to harmonize the built environment with the nuances of rural life.

[Individual work] Tutor: Prof.Liu Hanfang

SITE ANALYSIS Village Terrain Basic information

Location

Wenhai Alpine Lake is a freshwater lake located in Yulong Naxi Autonomous County, Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, China. It has an area of about 1.64 square kilometres and belongs to the YunnanGuizhou Plateau region. Its primary basin is the Yangtze River basin and its secondary basin is the Yangtze River main stream system.

Wenhai Village is part of Baisha Township, Yulong County, Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, located on the south side of Yulong Snow Mountain, with a total area of 3,323.42 hectares.

The economic income of the village is mainly based on animal husbandry. The roads in the village are mainly dirt roads. There are 2 primary schools in the village, and the enrolment rate of school-age children is 100%.

Local specialities Wenhai Village is part of Baisha Township, Yulong County, Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, with a total area of 3,323.42 hectares. The village has 1,689 mu of arable land, and the per capita arable land is 2 mu. The economic income of the village is mainly from animal husbandry.

The village roads are mainly unpaved. There are 2 primary schools in the village, with 100% of school-age children enrolled.

Project Location Wenhai Village Activity Centre Logging sites Concrete processing plant Village A Village B

N

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

5000m

Village C Principal's residence

26°59′ 02″ N

100°10′ 04″ E

Altitude: 3085m

Contour lines The project is located on a gently sloping lakefront site in the middle of a ring of mountains.

Run-off Wenhai Alpine Lake has two inflows and one outflow from Yulong Snow Mountain.

Lake Wenhai Alpine Lake is one of the sections of the Lashihai Plateau Wetland Provincial Nature Reserve in Lijiang, Yunnan.

Construction site An open area with a flat slope that can be used to process building materials.

Walking area The villagers of Wenhai Village can reach the project area on foot.

02

SITE ANALYSIS Livelihood needs of the main population in Wenai Village

Usengroup

Hawker Villages B & C 20-60 Years

Presence Time

Communication Space

Usage Of Public Space

Transportation Tools

Required Space

A hawker is a vendor of merchandise that can be easily transported; the term is roughly synonymous with costermonger or p e d d l e r. I n m o s t places where the term is used, a hawker sells inexpensive goods, handicrafts, or food items. Whether stationary or mobile, hawkers often advertise by loud street cries or chants, and conduct banter with customers, to attract attention and enhance sales.

Usengroup

Nomadic Villages B & C 15-60 Years

Presence Time

Communication Space

Usage Of Public Space

Transportation Tools

Required Space

Way Of Living

Way Of Living

The bazaar is directly connected to the square.

The resting section is directly connected to the stables.

A nomad is a person with no settled home, moving from place to place as a way of obtaining food, finding pasture for livestock, or otherwise making a living. Most nomadic groups follow a fixed annual or seasonal pattern of movements and settlements.

Nomadic people traditionally travel by animal, canoe or on foot. Animals include camels, horses and alpaca. Some nomads may live in homes or homeless shelters, though this would necessarily be on a temporary or itinerant basis.

Usengroup

Youth Villages A & B & C 5-25 Years

Presence Time

Communication Space

Usage Of Public Space

Transportation Tools

Required Space

Way Of Living

The library is on the second floor for a quiet environment.

Youth is the time of life when one is young. The word, youth, can also mean the time between childhood and adulthood ( m a t u r i t y ) . Yo u t h is an experience that may shape an individual's level o f d e p e n d e n c y, which can be marked in various ways according to different cultural perspectives.

Personal experience is marked by an individual's cultural norms or traditions, while a youth's level of dependency means the extent to which they still rely on their family emotionally and economically.

Usengroup

Village Teacher Villages A 20-60 Years

Presence Time

Communication Space

Usage Of Public Space

Transportation Tools

Required Space

Way Of Living

Rural teachers can teach in any part.

Corresponding Spaces

03

Gathering Space

Drop-in Space

Learning Space

Communication Space

A v i l l a g e t e a c h e r, also known as a schoolteacher or formally referred to as an educator, is an individual who aids students in gaining knowledge, competence, or virtue through the practice of teaching.

Informally, the role of a teacher can be assumed by anyone (e.g., when showing a colleague how to perform a specific task). In some countries, the education of young individuals of school age can occur in informal settings, such as within the family (homeschooling), as opposed to formal settings like schools or colleges.

SITE ANALYSIS Climate and materials 30℃

Sunlight Analysis

20℃ 400mm

10℃ 0℃

300mm

-10℃

200mm

Jan

Feb

Mar

100mm Apr

May Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

0mm Oct

Nov

Dec

Shape Inference

Orientation and Layout: The main reading areas may face the direction with ample sunlight to provide a bright and naturally lit space.

Windows and Daylighting: The positioning and size of windows should be optimized to make the best use of sunlight. Large windows, floor-to-ceiling windows, or skylights can offer abundant natural lighting, reducing energy consumption.

Ventilation: Proper ventilation design aids in maintaining indoor air quality and temperature control.

Idea I aspire for the structure not to exert a notable adverse influence on its neighboring regions.

This is my underlying motivation for planning the building to closely align with the height of the surrounding hills.

Climate The presence of other traditional buildings in the vicinity of this structure indicated that the area necessitated a sloping roof for proper drainage. I aimed for this building to follow the same drainage pattern.

Vision Located to the south of this structure is Wenhai Alpine Lake. I desired the building to enjoy a more expansive view of the southern landscape.

Consequently, I shifted the building's roof towards the north to expand the area of the southern roof.

Sunshine My intention is to provide ample sunlight within this structure. Therefore, I've incorporated curved designs that follow the mountain's topography, permitting the building to receive an increased amount of natural light and creating a more expansive outdoor area.

Terrain Given the elevated location of this building, my objective is to facilitate access to the hill's summit through the s t r u c t u r e . To a c h i e v e this, I've devised vertical transportation options both within and outside the building.

Final In addition to serving human needs, the design of this structure is intended to have positive implications for the local wildlife and environment.

The location of windows and ventilation systems can be strategically planned.

30 days

Precipitation Analysis

25 days

Roof Design: Given the rainfall and snowfall, a robust roof structure needs to be designed to ensure it is not compromised. Sloped roofs and efficient drainage systems can help manage rain and snowmelt.

Waterproofing Measures: High-quality waterproof materials and sealing techniques should be used on exterior walls and roofs to prevent water penetration.

Exterior Aesthetics: Rainfall can have an impact on the building's exterior appearance. Therefore, material and color choices should minimize water streaks and stains.

20 days 15 days 10 days 5 days 0 days Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May Jun

ENE

NE

Jul

Aug

Oct

Nov

Dec

Wind Analysis E ESE

NNE N

Sep

SE

1000

500

0

NNW

SSE S

NW WNW

Structural Design: Robust structural design is required to withstand potential high wind speeds. This includes the use of appropriate support structures and connectors.

Protection Measures: Consider implementing windbreaks, sunshades, or screens to shield outdoor areas from the effects of strong winds.

SSW W

WSW

SW

Material Building materials are materials used in the construction of buildings. The main construction materials include metal, wood, stone, cement, concrete, m a s o n r y, c e r a m i c s , g l a s s , engineering plastics, composites, etc.

Concrete

Brick

Steel

Tensegrity

Stone

Timber

Tile

Bamboo

I aim to source raw materials for this project directly from the forest near Wen Hai village and involve the villagers in the construction process.

Cost-effectiveness: The use of extensive timber structures in mid-rise and high-rise buildings tends to be cost-efficient.

Reduced energy consumption: Timber frame construction is more energyefficient than concrete or steel construction.

Efficient construction: The utilization of prefabricated timber panels allows for faster construction of large timber structures compared to concrete or steel structures.

Environmental benefits: Substituting steel and cement with large timber structures can lead to reduced carbon emissions, contributing to environmental sustainability.

Timber

04

Structural Speculation Traditional Chinese Architectural Structures Chuan-Dou Type

Installation Method Mortise and tenon construction

The overall structure of the building Dovetail Joint

Reference Yingzao Fashi details units of measurement, the construction of ditches and fortifications, and standards for masonry and major and minor woodwork.

It includes the specifications (and illustrations) for the construction of inclined arms and joints for columns and beams.

There are also instructions for carving, turning and drilling, sawing, bamboo work, tiling, masonry, painting and decorating, and the formulae for decorative paints, glazes and various coatings.

Dule Temple

Pagoda of Fogong Temple

The overall structure of the building is connected by means of wooden sticks interspersed.

Hammer-Headed Tenon

Yingzao Fashi

For vertical connections between walls connection.

For parallel connections between floors.

Top Tenon

Through Tenon

For the support of the seat in the reading area.

Half Shoulder Tenon

For connecting two sticks.

Pegged (Or Pinned) Tenon

For the connection of step seating area structures.

For attaching four sticks vertically to a single stick.

Hall of Supreme Harmony

Construction Process I wanted the building to be built entirely locally, by local villagers.

The villagers of Wenhai Village first felled Douglas fir trees in the nearby forest. The wood was then taken to a sawmill in Boonhae Village for processing. The timber is then processed by the timber yard into the timber squares needed to build the structure, which are then turned into mortise and tenon joints, and the edges of the timber squares are turned into plywood for the walls and floors of the building. The timber squares and plywood are preprocessed at the construction site before being delivered to the project site for direct construction by the villagers.

05

Woodcutting

Woodworking

Connecting wood

Wooden construction

Construction Process Construction Of Buildings And Landscapes Construction Plan A. Project Objectives and Scope B. Resources and Budget C. Schedule D. Construction Methods

I aspire to harness the local mountain communities' logistical expertise to facilitate the transportation of construction materials.

E. Human Resources F. Health and Safety G. Quality Control H. Materials Management I. Acceptance and Delivery J. Maintenance Plan K. Environmental Consideration

Phase 1 construction Wood processing

Tile manufacturing

A. Cutting timber

A. Mixing and blending

B. Planing (Flattening)

B.Tile Formation

C.Planing (Height)

C. Drying

D. Cutting mortises and tenons

D. Firing

sanding

E. Glazing or painting

I intend to utilize an arch-like foundation to imbue the entrance with greater iconicity, employing design elements congruent with those used in the adjacent stables. This approach not only enhances visual coherence but also fortifies the structural stability of the foundation.

E. Wood preservative treatment

Terrain clearing

Leveling the terrain

A. Obstacle clearance

A. Initial leveling

B. Adjust bulldozer settings

B. Layered leveling

C. Cutting and leveling

C. Soil compaction

D. Spread soil evenly

D. Ongoing assessment E. Finishing work

Phase 2 construction Timber transportation

Tile transportation

A. Planning and scheduling

A. Planning and scheduling

B. Loading wood

B. Choose appropriate

C. Securing safely

securing devices

D. Transport to the site

C. Use proper fastening

E. Storage and distribution

D. Glazing or Painting E. Transport to the site F. Storage and distribution

Timber distribution

Construction

A. Wood classification

A. Prepare the work area

B. Transporting wood

B. measure and layout

C. Storage and distribution

C. Prepare tiles and tools

D. Maintenance and safety

D. Install tiles

I aim to employ the construction and assembly principles outlined in the book on the Yingzao Fashi method, thereby facilitating local village participation in the construction process.

E. Maintain safety

06

Construction Process Construction Of Buildings And Landscapes Phase 2 construction

STEP 1

STEP 2

STEP 3

Precast concrete blocks will be employed for the construction of the "subterranean superimposed floor foundations" atop the lower in-situ reinforced concrete bar foundations. Stone panels will be utilized as an ornamental cladding on the exteriors of select walls.

The load-bearing framework of a horizontal timberframed floor comprises timber frame components situated above the foundation walls of the ground floor. These components are interconnected through a tongue-and-groove construction method.

Access points to the building are facilitated from varying ground levels. Atop the horizontal timber structure, plywood panels are employed in the assembly of the horizontal floor slabs, both on the ground floor and the first floor.

Phase 2 construction

STEP 4

STEP 5

STEP 6

The stair structure and treads are intricately linked to the horizontal timber framework through mortise and tenon joints, thereby reinforcing the structural integrity and stability of the building.

The foundational structure of the building is finalized through the attachment of wooden flooring to the stair structure and treads using nailing techniques.

The plywood panels are securely affixed to the wooden flooring and staircase structure, creating a linkage between the ground floor and the first floor of the building.

C

A D

B

A.Bazaar C.Steps

STEP 7 Plywood panels are interconnected via a tongue-andgroove mechanism within a timber frame structure. An "air-permeable membrane" is applied to the exterior walls to facilitate the passage of moisture from the interior of the building.

STEP 8 Incorporating freestanding timber-framed revolving doors at the ground floor level of the structure enables the establishment of versatile spatial apertures as needed.

STEP 9 An external waterproof membrane is administered onto the timber framework of the roof, succeeded by the application of asphalt linoleum material, and finally, a specialized roofing tile material is installed.

B.Pier D.Piazza

Taking into consideration the land's positioning in relation to the forest and the lake, the design integrates the landscape by vertically distributing houses and vegetation across the terrain.

This space is envisioned as an area for interaction between travelers and villagers, providing shelter from the sun and rain, fostering a connection with nature, and respecting local customs and needs. The objective is to establish an open, easily accessible, and shared public space, intended to encourage community interaction and exchange in the future. This multifunctional space is adaptable for various purposes, including temporary vending, bus waiting areas, and hosting festivals. Additionally, it also serves as an open-air art gallery in the fields.

07

Visual construction Design of the distribution of functional areas Cutaway Perspective View

Special Roof Tiles

Exploded View

Roof

30 X 24mm Clay Green Tiles

Asphalt Linoleum

Waterproof

915mm Asphalt Linoleums

Wooden Post

Structure

35cm Douglas Fir Posts

Glass

Coffee Shop

Tempered Laminated Glass

Wooden Floor

Library

50mm Wooden Floor

Wooden Panel

Restaurant

20mm Wooden Panel

Brick Block

Hall

210x58x53mm Red Brick

Wooden Panel

Stable

50mm Wooden Floor

Concrete Concrete Foundatior

08

Bazaar

Section

C

Views Section C-C

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

1 C

4,225

Ground Floor

Gathering Space

Learning Space

+5,300 +3,500

+300

9,400

3,000

2806 983 1800 1200 1800

First Floor

+8,300

Communication Space

Drop-in Space

3200

Mezzanine floor

4,200

300

Top Floor

14,800

+12,090

12,090

Roof

14,600

0

2,500

5,000

7,500

10,000

12,500

17,500

22,500mm

Section

1-1 Gathering Space

2-2 Drop-in Space

3-3 Learning Space

4-4 Communication Space

09

Section Views Section 1-1

1

1

1000

1800 1800 2800

10700

3300

4000

1500

2500

4000

5000

6000 0

2,500

5,000

7,500

10,000

12,500

17,500

22,500mm

30500

Scene

1-1 Gathering Space

2-2 Drop-in Space

3-3 Learning Space

4-4 Communication Space

10

N

11

Terrace Hall

N

Library

12

2.

in Jinan Art Centre with a Cultural Park Area:6000 ㎡

Urban Revolution Similar to many other developed cities, Jinan is experiencing rapid urban transformation, leading to a challenge in providing adequate gathering spaces that cater to the needs of modern urban life and communication.

To a d d r e s s t h i s i s s u e , a n e w configuration approach is proposed, involving the opening up of both groundlevel spaces and rooftops. The aim is to return these spaces to the public, disrupting the conventional urban spatial layout. By inviting public access into the building at any time, the intention is to seamlessly integrate the building into the larger urban fabric and the elevated urban environment.

[Individual work] Tutor: Prof.Jiang Yu

SITE ANALYSIS The Loss Of History And Culture Through Urban Development History and Culture

Location Jinan, located in eastern China, serves as the capital of Shandong Province. This city is renowned nationwide for its abundant natural springs, which nourish picturesque lakes adorned by the graceful presence of weeping willow trees along their shores.

Lixia District, situated within Jinan, Shandong Province, is a pivotal hub for political, economic, and educational activities in the city. It is home to three of Jinan's primary attractions, namely Baotu Spring, Qianfo Mountain, and Daming Lake.

Jinan

Jinan, an ancient city with a history spanning millennia, has been the cradle of numerous renowned historical figures and significant architectural treasures.

These historical structures encompass both Chinese and Western cultural elements, collectively forming the iconic landmarks of Jinan, an ancient city steeped in a thousand years of history. They represent the city's rich heritage and unique character. The preservation and utilization of Jinan's historical and cultural legacy hold profound significance in safeguarding its historical and cultural heritage.

Li Qingzhao

Xin Qiji

Lixia District

Baotu Spring

Baotu Spring is a culturally revered spring within Jinan. Referenced in the Spring and Autumn Annals, one of the Five Classics of Chinese literature, it holds the distinguished title of the "Number One Spring under the Heaven," as declared by the Qianlong Emperor during the Qing dynasty.

Baotu Spring Park encompasses renowned monuments dating back to the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Fu r t h e r m o r e , i t b o a s t s a substantial collection of historic structures, collectively referred to as the Three Great Halls, which originated during the Northern Song Dynasty.

Shandong Fengda Bank (1919) Jinan Station of the Jinpu Railway (1908) Hung Garou Cathedral (1901)

Baotu Spring Park

Project Surrounding Jinan Liberty Court (1963)

The Great Wall of Qi

Baihua Pond

Current status A

A

A d

c

b a

Jinan is developing in tandem with its economy and urban construction. Jinan has created a central business district in the city centre and built many office buildings.

Jinan has established many factories in the mechanical textile, steel, chemical, light industry, food and building materials industries around the city. The construction of the city has taken up most of Jinan's land area, making Jinan an industrial city with a high density of buildings and high transport needs.

Aerial view of Jinan

Urbanisation Issues B

Wind direction The project site experiences prevailing winds from the south to the north, fostering a natural airflow that connects the two adjacent parks to the south and north, resulting in a well-ventilated microclimate for the area.

B

Greening Traffic The southern and northern parks are seamlessly connected by the river, a trestle, and a footbridge running alongside the river, facilitating unrestricted movement between the two parks.

B

Urban Transport The project site is situated along a prominent arterial road and benefits from a well-established public transport network in its vicinity. This location ensures accessibility via both public and private transportation means.

Excessive building densities and land use often lead to the neglect and destruction of historic buildings.

The value of historical buildings, like all other historical artefacts, lies in their historical legacy; historical buildings cannot be reproduced or rebuilt, and once destroyed, they cannot be repaired. I hope to build a building where people can learn about Jinan's historic buildings and see them for themselves. It will bring back the importance of historical architecture and culture.

Jinan Urban Texture

14

SITE ANALYSIS People's Needs And Their Corresponding Spaces Representation Of User

Transformation Wind direction Why are you destroying this park!

What a beautiful day!

I feel at ease in this park.

I have nowhere else to go!

Look! A bird there.

Older People

Infant Caregiver

Student

Photographer

Reader

The project site is centrally located in an urban park with easy access to city traffic, making it a popular spot for local residents seeking relaxation.

I can't see what it's like outside.

Elderly individuals who encounter physical deterioration and potential dysfunction as they grow older.

An infant caregiver is an individual responsible for nurturing and educating babies and young children.

Way Of Living

People who are studying in schools, academies or in research institutions or workplaces (e.g. hospitals, institutes).

Individuals who employ cameras and modeling techniques to capture portraits and scenic views, both in indoor and outdoor settings.

A group with distinct reading needs and skills, encompassing readers and publication consumers.

Students need both a quiet and an active place to study.

The photographer chooses a location with good views and sunlight.

Readers need a quiet space to read and a space to think with an open view.

The community desires a space where they can connect with nature.

It's a pity I can't come here whenever I want.

Oh! It's a nice view.

This depressed me.

The addition of two more buildings would lead to a monotonous atmosphere in the area. The community desires an uninterrupted view.

Access to the viewing platform is restricted when the building is closed.

I can see these beautiful views whenever I want!

Older people need an accessible place to rest.

The Infant caregivers will look after the babies and play with them.

I feel very cold in the winter time.

I wish I could just go and see another view.

Required Space Corresponding Spaces Residents desire a building that can be utilized in inclement weather.

All viewing platforms can be interconnected to offer a comprehensive view of the park.

It's like a sky park!

Sports Space

15

Viewing Space

Childcare Space

Exhibition Space

Activity Space For Older People

Private Space

Meeting Room

Learning Space

I wanted to go straight from the building to the park.

Establishing a central courtyard within the building facilitates connections to the city, surrounding structures, and the park.

I can see the views any time I want!

Visitors can once again enjoy this park!

SITE ANALYSIS Impact From Surrounding Buildings Views At Different Heights H

ic is to r

Transformation And Combination

buildings

Gr

la n

s as

i s io

dV

n

Grasslan

d Vis

i on

Co

mm l buildings

Urban Vision

erc i a

Office buildings

ision Urban V

The blocks are stacked crosswise to create a circulation space that connects the buildings on either side.

Platforms are formed by subtracting the mass, which may allow views through the building.

The massive grey space is created by the lifting mass and the processing of the height difference.

Landscape platforms are set at different viewing heights to ensure the building is intimately connected to its surroundings.

Rectangular volumes are placed to enhance the architectural integrity and harmony with the urban fabric.

isi on

Create passages between streets and parks by raising the ground floor to maintain communication between them. rV ve Ri

Re sid enti al bu ildings

First Height At the first level, the view is somewhat obscured by low trees, allowing visibility of the surrounding commercial, office, and residential buildings.

Surrounding Buildings In the vicinity of this site, an array of architectural typologies is present, encompassing government facilities, residential structures, office edifices, historical landmarks, and a diversity of other building types.

Gr

as

n sla

dV

isio

n＆

Historic Buildings Vis

io n Gr

a

ss

d la n

Vis

io n ＆

Historic Buildings Vis

i on

isi on

ld in gs Vis ion

n Visio Urban

Urban Vision

Urban Vision

n Visio Urban d lan

V

s as Gr

Second Height At the second elevation, the view remains unobstructed by low-rise houses, offering partial visibility of the park and some of the historic buildings.

n＆ Visio Grassland

ic tor His

i Bu

Third Height At the third level of elevation, there will be an unobstructed view of the entire park, including its historical structures, as office buildings will not obscure the scenery.

16

Functional Distribution Exploded Axonometric And Components Exploded View

The structure of the Sky Restaurant

Space Perception 1 Wooden flooring

17

Steel plate 17

Concrete slab

Fourth Floor

17

Interesting!

I can read books here!

Universal beam Wooden strip

17 15

Dropped ceiling

17 17

16 16

17

Glass

16

3

16 16

Third Floor

14

Wooden flooring What a beautiful landscape!

Steel plate

16

Concrete slab Universal beam Wooden strip

8

12

Dropped ceiling 10

12

13 13

12

13

12

4

The construction process of the viewfinder

13 12

My child is very happy.

I need some rest.

8

3

11 5

9

10

Where am I going to?

The terrace is right ahead!

3 8

10

Overhanging structure of the viewfinder.

Floor and floor support for viewfinder frames.

3

6

2 8 1

I must take a picture.!

5 7 6

Glass wall and ceiling for viewfinder.

18

4

Functions Best View 1. Entrance Hall 2. Shop 3. Exhibition Space 4. Public Lounge 5. Central Courtyard 6. Temporary Exhibition

17

The overall form of the viewfinder.

7. Step Seating 8. Lifts And Stairs 9. Private Lounge Room 10. Toilets And Logistics 11. Sky Restaurant 12. Public Reading Area 13. Lecture Hall 14.Computer Room

15. Meeting Room 16. Classroom 17. Separate Reading Room 18. Warehouse

12 The air inside this museum feels so fresh, just like in a forest.!

Functional Distribution Functional Division Of Open Spaces

E

Open Space 1 Function: A. Temporary exhibition B. Observation staircase C. Event space D. Step lounge area E. Bookshop F. North-facing photography area G. South-facing outdoor lounge area H. Outdoor step lounge area

F

Open Space 2 Function: A. Exhibition B. Temporary exhibition event space C. Bookshop D. North-facing photography area E. South-facing interior lounge area F. Special Landscape Viewing Platform G. Air Corridor

D

C B F

E

Required Space

Required Space A

D

Presence Time

A

H

B G

Presence Time

Communication Space

G

C

Open Space 3 Function: A. Exhibition B. Observation staircase C. Event space D. South-facing outdoor lounge area E. Outdoor photography area F. Restaurant

E

Open Space 4 Function: A. Library B. Public Reading Area C. Multimedia space D. Lecture Theatre E. South-facing outdoor terrace F. North-facing outdoor terrace G. Study room

D A B

C D

Communication Space

G

Required Space A

E F

Presence Time

Communication Space

Required Space

G G

C G

C G G

F

Presence Time

Communication Space

B

18

Events Section Series And Narrative Options Cutaway Perspective View

Junction A Glass Tempered Laminated Glass

8

Concrete 120mm Concrete block

+24,450 Fifth Floor

Learning Area

Junction A

10

Stone Panel 20mm Stone Panel 9

1 2

4

+19,650 Fourth Floor

5

Wooden Strip Suspended Wooded Panel 6

Reading Area Steel +14,850

Second Floor

11

3

12

Lron With Rust-Proof Paint

Viewing Gallery Wooden Floor 50mm Wooden Floor

+10,050 Second Floor

Viewing Gallery

Concrete Concrete Floor

9

+5,250 First Floor

Outdoor Exhibition

+450 Ground Floor

Stone Suspended Stone Ceiling

Glass Tempered Laminated Glass

Stone Stone panel

1 4

2

3 5

6

19

13

7

1. 50mm Wooden Floor 2. 40mm Floor Support 3. Thermal Insulation 4. Volalay Waterproof Membrane 5. Concrete Floor 6. Carbon Fiber Truss System 7. Suspended Stone Ceiling 8. Stone Panel 9. Concrete Block 10. Soil 11. Crushed Stone 12.Suspended Wooded Ceiling 13. Suspended Wooded Panel

Events Section Series And Narrative Options Junction B

TITLE Glass

1. 50mm Wooden Floor 2. 40mm Floor Support 3. Volalay Waterproof Membrane 4. Thermal Insulation 5. I-Beam 6. Carbon Fiber Truss System 7. Suspended Wooded Ceiling 8. Stone Panel 9. Iron Fixing Element

Tempered Laminated Glass

Concrete 120mm Concrete Block

11

8

Cutaway Perspective View

+24,450

Wooden Floor

9

50mm Wooden Floor

10

Learning Area

Fifth Floor

12

Wooden Strip

+19,650

Suspended Wooded Panel 1 2

Reading Area

3

Fourth Floor

4

Concrete

5

Concrete Floor

6

Junction B

+14,850

7

View Terrace

Junction C

Third Floor

Stone

1. 50mm Wooden Floor 2. 40mm Floor Support 3. Thermal Insulation 4. Volalay Waterproof Membrane 5. Concrete Foundatior 6. Drainage Channel Fixed In Concrete Bed 7. Crushed Stone 8. Soil 9. Timber Cill 10.Timber Rail 11. Timber Framed Door 12. Thermal Insulation Quilt Set Within Timber Frame

Suspended Stone Ceiling

+10,050 Restaurant

Steel

Second Floor

Lron With Rust-Proof Paint

+5,250

11

Glass Tempered Laminated Glass

1

7

2 4

View Terrace

Third Floor

Junction C

10

9 6

3 12

Concrete Concrete Foundatior

5

+450 Ground Floor

8

Stone Stone Panel

20

Section Series The Vertical Relationship Between Functions

SECTION A

SECTION B

SECTION C

SECTION D

SECTION E

SECTION F

SECTION G

SECTION H

+29,250 Sky Garden Fifth Floor

Fourth Floor

Third Floor

Second Floor

First Floor

+24,450 Outdoor Reading Area +19,650 View Terrace +14,850

+14,850

Bookshop

View Terrace +10,050

+10,050

View Terrace

Outdoor Exhibition

+5,250

+5,250

Outdoor Exhibition

Outdoor Lounge Area

+450 6,000 21

Top Floor

6,000

6,000

6,000 54,000

6,000

6,000

6,000

Third Floor Second Floor

First Floor

Ground Floor

N

Temporary Exhibition Area And Step Lounge Area

22

3.

in Zibo Reading Hut in Qishan Natural Forest Area:25 ㎡

Hilltop Station In various level areas within the Qi Mountain Natural Forest, a purely handcrafted wooden structure is being erected using traditional joinery methods.

Employing a precisely crafted form that elegantly spirals with the natural mountainous terrain, it aims to create a space that caters to activities such as pausing, resting, and appreciating the surroundings.

Additionally, the advantages of the joinery structure lie in its ease of assembly, disassembly, and reassembly.

The goal is to harness these advantages and construct different structures and functions according to the varied needs of visitors in different areas of the Qi Mountain Natural Forest. Moreover, each structure in different regions can be combined to form a centralized space [Individual work] Tutor: Prof.Hanfang Liu

SITE ANALYSIS Basic information about the Qi Mountain Natural Forest Location

Background

Zibo City

Province Zibo, located in the heart of Shandong province, China, is a prefecture-level city with a rich historical heritage.

The Zibo region was once the core of the ancient State of Qi. In Linzi, the remnants of the ancient Qi city, along with other renowned cultural artifacts and historical landmarks, have been uncovered and preserved. The ancient city of Qi was among the earliest locations in China designated as a "cultural relics site" and placed under protection.

Zichuan District

City Zichuan District, situated within the city of Zibo in the Chinese province of Shandong, is one of the city's eight administrative divisions.

The topography of Zichuan District characterizes a low mountainous hilly terrain, featuring higher elevations in the south and lower ones in the north, with a prevailing high-east and low-center pattern. Mountains are primarily located in the southwestern and eastern regions of the district.

Mountain Qi Mountain Natural Forest is positioned 5 kilometers to t h e s o u t h o f t h e Ta i h e To w n government, situated within Zichuan District, Zibo City. It stands as the sole scenic area in China dedicated to sightseeing, recreation, holidays, and tourism, all centered around Qi culture.

The Qi Mountain Natural Forest is abundant in cultural resources and hosts numerous historical relics.

Qi Mountain Natural Forest is based on Qi culture, and the beautiful natural scenery and profound humanistic landscape are combined to create a beautiful and vivid landscape painting for the world.

The "Four Perfections of Qi Mountain": High Mountain Hanging Waterfall - Guanyin Waterfall; Absolute Wall Cloud Top - Tang Sanzhai; Ten Mile Gallery - Ancient The four best things about Qi Mountain are: the high mountain waterfall - Guanyin Waterfall; the walled cloud top - Tang Sanzhai; the ten-mile gallery - Ancient Gallery; the imperial dragon vein - Qi Men Cave. The first half of the scenic tour is to see the water and the second half is to see the mountains.

Functional Distribution Bookcase The stone crevice Reading Space

Roof tiles The View Window

Conversation space

Entrance A Line of Sky

Viewing space

Wooden strips The Great Wall of Qi

Resting space

Wooden frame The Water Stream

Qi Mountain Natural Forest

24

Construction Manual Construction Construction Material

Construction Process Through Tenon For connecting vertical and horizontal timber rods at their extremities.

Pegged Tenon Fo r j o i n i n g s t a n d a r d vertical and horizontal wooden components.

Half Shoulder Tenon For connecting the uppermost part of the bookcase's top shelf.

STEP 1 Foundation wooden boards

STEP 2 Ground-level foundation

STEP 3 Seat height

STEP 4 Bookshelf height

STEP 5 Top-level decoration

STEP 6 Detail manufacturing

Pegged Tenon For attaching four sticks vertically to a single stick.

Top Tenon For supporting the seat in the reading area.

Roof Tiles For joining two sticks together.

Pinned Tenon For securing step seating area structures.

25

Cutaway Perspective View 5010

Visual Space And Tactile Space Reading

400

Framework

50

50

400

I aimed to establish an environment where individuals can enjoy an extended stay. A locale that provides respite from the urban hustle and reconnects with nature.

As a support structure for the installation of rainscreens in rainy weather.

50

400

50

Apart from the necessary protective structures, the rest of the structure is completely open, allowing unrestricted access to nature within the project.

Table

50

400

A platform for the necessary storage of items.

Potted plant

50

400

Bringing nature into the project and placing potted plants in the project will bring people closer to nature.

400

I aimed to provide individuals with an optimal view of the landscape, carefully selecting unique angles to ensure that they could enjoy the most exquisite vistas of the natural scenery.

Window

Book

50

Viewing

3710

When adults and children venture into the forest concurrently, they require a secure setting for their interaction with nature. This edifice permits children to engage in unrestrained play within the natural forest.

400

Playing

The project provides historical documents about Qi Mountain, including Qi culture, natural culture and more.

Step

50 50

In the pathways of Qi Mountain Natural Forest, this building provides a space for people to gather and take a break.

400

Resting

The stepped platforms create different functional shapes 50

26

400

50

850

50

400

50

400

50

2200 5000

50

400

50

for seating, bookcases, tables, etc.

4.

Lu Ban Ancestral Hall in Jinan Area:6000 ㎡

Ancient Building Surveying Conducting a comprehensive study of historic buildings in Jinan, including surveying and mapping, researching traditional carpentry techniques, the structural aspects of wood, and the functional spaces within these structures, is a complex and multifaceted endeavor. This research aims to survey and map an ancient building on Jinan's Qianfo Mountain that boasts a history spanning over a millennium.

The subsequent phase involves creating 3D simulation models and C o m p u t e r- A i d e d D e s i g n ( C A D ) plans and elevations. This process will provide a detailed and accurate representation of the historic building, allowing for a deeper understanding of its architectural intricacies and historical significance.

[Individual work] Tutor: Prof.Hong Yu

Visual Mockup Data And 3D Model

Gable And Hip Roof

Render

Lifting beam frame Overall North Elevation View

Viewing platform

Perspective View

Background The Lu Ban Ancestral Hall is a building dedicated to the memory of Lu Ban, built in the Song and Yuan dynasties. It was repaired during the Xianfeng period of the Qing Dynasty. In the year 2000, it was renovated by the cultural conservation authorities of Jinan.

Lu Ban(c. 507–444 BC)was a Chinese architect or master carpenter, structural engineer, and inventor, during the Zhou Dynasty. He is revered as the Chinese Deity (Patron) of builders and contractors.

Lu Ban was born in the state of Lu; a few sources claim he was born further to the west, in Dunhuang,to a family of carpenters or artisans during the Spring and Autumn period of the Zhou dynasty. His original name was Gongshu Yizhi. He was also referred to as Gongshu Ban or Pan. He was supposed to have been an indifferent pupil until his love of learning was kindled by the scholar Zi Xia.He later learned woodworking from Bao Laodong.The great demand for his work supposedly compelled him to invent or improve several carpenter's tools—the saw, the square, the planer, the drill, the shovel, and an ink marking tool—to complete his many projects more quickly.His wife was also credited with inventing the umbrella in order to permit him to work in inclement weather.

28

Lu Ban Ancestral Hall North Elevation View

New building

Exploded View

Lu Ban Ancestral Hall Top View

5.

[other works] Classical architecture Area:6000 ㎡

Drawings I have a deep fascination for classical architecture, which is rooted in the classical columnar structure serving as the foundation of its design. This architectural style is inherently logical, emphasizing a dignified, unified, and stable external appearance. At the same time, the interiors of classical buildings are marked by opulence, decorative elements, and frequently exhibit a baroque aesthetic.

[Individual work] Tutor: Prof.Hanfang Liu

Drawings

Interior perspective view

30

Chapiter

East elevation view

Eave

Detail

Proportion