Issuu

2966 4TH LINE, OHSWEKEN 519-445-1760

OPEN 7 DAYS A WEEK 6AM - 10PM

WEDNESDAY, October 7th, 2026 | www.tworowtimes.com | 519-900-5535 | Grand River Territory | FREE

Six Nations litigation against Canada begins in Toronto 1045 Brant County Hwy 54 Ohsweken 519-770-3628

Government says not responsible for past Crown actions in Six Nations land claim case DONNA DURIC

donna@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

COST EFFECTIVE FAST QUICK TURN AROUND FRIENDLY CUSTOMER SERVICE!

Est.1995 FAMILY-RUN,

ALWAYS.

1-888-509-6658

www.vbinc.ca

Come see us for great savings

SALES • SERVICE • PARTS

SNOWMOBILES • SIDE X SIDES • ATVS • MOTORCYCLES • JET SKIS • LAWN MOWERS

1264 COLBORNE ST. EAST, BRANTFORD, ONTARIO PHONE

As the historic Six Nations land claim case against the Crown got underway this week at a Toronto court, both the provincial and federal government said in their opening submissions they are not responsible for what the Crown may have done with Six Nations’ lands within the Haldimand Tract. The Crown’s defence attorney said while the Crown should not be immune from scrutiny the court should understand because Canada was not yet a country but a developing colony during the 1784 Haldimand Proclamation they were only working with what they had at the time. The mammoth land claim case finally started on Oct. 5 under Justice Ira Parghi with lawyers for both Six Nations and the Crown in right of Canada and Ontario providing opening statements. Six Nations of the Grand River says that the Crown failed to properly set aside, protect or manage the 950,000-acre Haldimand Tract under the 1784 Haldimand Proclamation. Lawyers for the federal government said as

the population grew in the colony, later Upper Canada and eventually, the Dominion of Canada (Confederation) in 1867, the British Crown had to negotiate land for settlers. Crown lawyers argued they kicked squatters off the land and that Six Nations surrendered land to make way for agriculture, settlement and infrastructure. The court heard that by the 1820s colonial governments began laying the groundwork for the reserve system and that by Confederation, Indigenous communities were administered through legislation regulating Indigenous lands and those measures culminated in the post-Confederation Indian Act regime which is still in effect to this day. The relationship between the Crown and the eventual Indian Affairs department bore little resemblance to the Crown-Indigenous diplomatic relationship of 1784 when the Haldimand Proclamation was made, the court heard. Crown lawyers argued that the Haldimand Proclamation was not a treaty and that it didn’t specify, with maps or surveys, the exact layout of the land grant. Canada said the Haldimand Tract did not form

Six Nations territory. Canada lawyers argued that Six Nations people were originally from what is now Upper New York State and Pennsylvania and that Anishinaabe people inhabited Ontario before the Haldimand Proclamation of 1784. Lawyers also argued the Crown was not a party to the Dish With One Spoon treaty nor the Nanfan Treaty. Canada says Six Nations was granted the Haldimand Tract through negotiations with Chief Joseph Brant in exchange for their allyship with the British during the American War of Independence but insisted that the Haldimand Proclamation was not a treaty. Following the American Revolution, Britain sought replacement land for displaced Haudenosaunee from the United States. Chief Joseph Brant met with Frederick Haldimand, a colonial administrator who served with the British Army during the Seven Years’ War and American Revolutionary War, the court heard. Haldimand had originally proposed land near Kingston but Brant proposed a settlement in the Grand River Valley, court heard. Crown lawyers argued the maps used during the

negotiations were geographically incorrect. The Haldimand Grant states land be granted six miles on either side of the Grand River from its mouth to its source. Further, lawyers stated, the American Revolution had displaced thousands of loyalists, both Indigenous and non-Indigenous alike. Some Six Nations peoples remained in the states while others relocated to Tyendinaga, while others more came to the Grand River. Crown lawyers said the Mississaugas of the Credit surrendered lands in 1784 to allow for the Haldimand Proclamation and Frederick Haldimand instructed officials to purchase land from Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation. Crown lawyers said the map “erroneously depicted wrong boundaries.” When Upper Canada was created in 1791, the Crown didn’t know about the Haldimand Proclamation because it was in Joseph Brant’s possession, the court heard. Another land grant called the Simcoe Patent spoke of six miles on either side of the Grand River, lawyers said, but didn’t mention the source of the Grand River. Canada lawyers said

both the patent and Haldimand Grant pre-date the modern-day reserve system and that therefore, the 1784 “instrument” (Haldimand Grant or Proclamation) “must be regarded in its own historical way separate from reserve system." Canada’s lawyer argued that Six Nations surrendered several parcels of Haldimand lands and wanted it invested for the care and maintenance of Six Nations people. The lawyer also said the Crown couldn’t prevent squatters at first but that eventually some squatters were removed. The lawyer also argued some chiefs executed land surrenders in the 1840s. “Canada did not inherit the liability of the Crown,” Canada’s lawyers said and argued that Six Nations was paid for the surrenders. Six Nations, the plaintiffs, tell the opposite story. Ontario’s lawyer said in an opening statement that the province didn’t even exist as a legal entity at the time of the Haldimand Proclamation. The case continues throughout the week and can be viewed via a livestream at the GREAT theatre starting at 9 a.m. for the remainder of the week.

519.759.8140

6 OR MORE LARGE PIZZAS ONLY $12 EACH $0.88 Cent Wings Monday - Dine In Special 88 Main St., Hagersville | 906-768-4040

TWO ROW TIMES

October 7th, 2026

Indigenous female figurine replaces former Sir John A MacDonald statue in Hamilton DONNA DURIC

donna@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

LUCAS SMITH OWNER/CEO 289-776-9658

PROUDLY PRESENTS

WHEN ALL OTHER LIGHTS GO OUT: BEETHOVEN & SHORE An evening of music evoking hope and tenacity in the face of uncertain times, featuring Howard Shore’s Symphonic Suite from The Lord of the Rings, and Beethoven’s GUEST CONDUCTOR exuberant Second Symphony. SHAWN BENNETT

SATURDAY, OCTOBER 24 @ 7:30 PM THE SANDERSON CENTRE Pre-concert Chat: 7pm Tickets: Adults $45, Students $10, Children & Elementary Students: FREE. Tickets: Purchase.sandersoncentre.ca LEARN HOW YOU CAN SAVE ON TICKETS & SAVE 15% AT LOCAL RESTAURANTS

brantfordsymphony.ca

An artistic collective created an Indigenous female figurine and perched it atop the spot where a Sir John A MacDonald statue was torn down a few years ago in Hamilton’s Gore Park. The life-sized figurine stood there as about 100 people gathered in the city’s core to commemorate the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation on Sept. 30. “It was a very groundshaking moment,” said Shyann Jenkins, Cayuga, Turtle Clan of Six Nations. “The community needed to reclaim this space that we are all gathered here in. Jenkins led a speech and round dance in the park and asked guests to write what truth and reconciliation means to them on an orange paper leaf, which was then tied onto a wreath around the statue’s base. The National Day for Truth and Reconciliation is observed annually on

The life-sized figurine stood there as about 100 people gathered in the city’s core to commemorate the National Day for Truth and INSTAGRAM Reconciliation on Sept. 30.

Sept. 30 to honour First Nations, Inuit, and Métis Survivors, their families, and communities and participants wear orange shirts to memorialize and reflect on the tragic history and multi-generational impacts of the Canadian Indian residential school system. Participants at Gore Park wore orange shirts which serve as a symbol of remembrance and a commitment to under-

standing the harm caused by residential schools Jenkins said the event at Gore Park was to think about all the survivors and all the ones who didn’t make it home. “Our family says that my great-grandfather went to the Mush Hole but we don’t call him a survivor; he made it out of the school but later on passed away due to that trauma that he had carried,” she said. “It’s a

privilege for people to not have this trauma in their life, to not have their families go through this. If you’re not Indigenous and you’ve never had someone go through residential schools…you don’t have to deny that it didn’t happen; it just didn’t happen to your family and to your family members. There’s a lot of us still here today that still walk with that trauma, intergenerational trauma, from our families going to those residential schools that we then pass on to the next generation. I’m just here today to kind of lighten your load that you’re carrying on this heavy day.” Sir John A. MacDonald, sometimes called the father of genocide in Canada by Indigenous groups, other allies and historians, is, on the flip side, often hailed as a hero for being Canada’s first prime minister. Protesters toppled a statue of the controversial historical figure in Gore Park to raise awareness of his impact on Indigenous people, including deliberate starvation and detention of Indigenous people.

Six Nations celebrated at the 2026 Indigenous Niagara Outstanding Achievement Awards STAFF REPORT

editor@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

NIAGARA-ON-THE-LAKE — With resounding applause, powerful music, and deeply moving stories, the 2026 Indigenous Niagara Outstanding Achievement Awards (INOAA) unfolded in a highly engaging event. Now in its seventh year, the awards continue to honour those shaping the Indigenous cultural, educational, and artistic landscape across the Niagara region — including this year, a very special recognition honouring an organization with a century of advocacy. Held in Niagara College’s Yerich Auditorium, this year’s awards ceremony was hosted by Tim Johnson, president of the Niagara Academy for Indigenous Relations, and Dr. Jennifer

The Jacobs family and all of Six Nations is proud of Arnold Jacobs LON for his artistry and also his service to the community.

Brant, Board member of the Academy and associate professor in the Department of Curriculum, Teaching, and Learning at the Ontario Institute for

Studies in Education of the University of Toronto. “From nomination through selection, these Awards are determined and confirmed through a

peer-review process that incorporates acknowledgement, affirmation, sincerity and respect, mixed with joy,” said Tim Johnson. “As a result, the atmosphere in the room becomes something special as the audience itself plays an active role in helping recipients to deeply understand and feel the merits of their accomplishments.” From accomplished artists to nationally celebrated scholars, creators, and civic leaders, the Awards presented a stellar lineup that highlighted the extraordinary achievements of professionals across six categories including: Visual Arts, Performing Arts, Intellectual Advancement, Language and Culture, Empathic Traditions, and Two-Row Alliance. In addition, a seventh category

CONTINUED ON PAGE 4

TWO ROW TIMES

October 7th, 2026

Armed robbery on Highway 54 Three masked suspects steal cash and merchandise; shots fired as they flee toward Caledonia STAFF REPORT

editor@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

Six Nations Police are investigating an armed robbery that took place early Monday at a business on Highway 54 east of Chiefswood Road. Around 6 a.m., three

suspects wearing masks and carrying firearms entered the business, stole a large amount of merchandise and cash, then fled east off the territory toward Caledonia. Police said shots were fired from the suspect vehicle as it left the area. No injuries were reported and there is no ongoing threat to

public safety. Six Nations Police are working with Haldimand OPP. A portion of Highway 54 was briefly closed during the initial response and has since reopened. Anyone with information or video is asked to contact Six Nations Police at 519-445-2811.

Chiefs of Ontario mark Sisters in Spirit Day with report card Assessment shows improvements not significant STAFF REPORT

editor@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

Chiefs of Ontario marked Sisters in Spirit Day on Oct. 4 by releasing a report card on the National Inquiry’s 231 Calls for Justice for Missing and Murdered

Indigenous Women, Girls and Two-Spirit people. The national day of action honours the lives of those who have been murdered or gone missing and stands with families still seeking justice. The Chiefs of Ontario Women’s Initiatives Sector assessment concludes that while some

steps have been taken, significant work remains to deliver lasting safety, justice and healing. Sisters in Spirit Day continues to serve as an annual focus for advocacy, remembrance and pressure on governments to implement the Calls for Justice in full.

Wishing Everyone a Happy Thanksgiving! Will Bouma, MPP Brantford-Brant Constituency Office 96 Nelson Street, Unit 101, Brantford, Ontario N3T 2X1 Tel: 519-759-0361 E-mail: will.bouma@pc.ola.org

ONKWEHÓN:WE HEALTH CHECK-IN WE WANT TO HEAR FROM YOU!

Are you 16+ and: Live on Six Nations Benefits: OR Have your voice heard Belong to Six Nations and live nearby Help improve services in our community $50 Gift Card for completing the in-person survey Drop-ins Iroquois Office Suites $25 Gift Cards for referring friends Ohsweken: 1721 Chiefswood Rd (Plaza) Automatically entered into monthly draw Monday-Friday 9AM-3PM Survey runs until we reach 1000 participants Home visits Appointments: Contact Jane: Evenings or Saturdays (519) 751-9671 Ohsweken Brantford Niagara

Hamilton Haldimand-Norfolk

CHSOL@sixnations.ca OHCIsixnations.ca

TWO ROW TIMES

October 7th, 2026

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 2

was created for this year, entitled the Special Service Distinction Award. The 2026 INOAA recipients are as follows: Visual Arts: Chief Arnold Jacobs An Onondaga Turtle Clan artist and condoled Confederacy Chief from Six Nations of the Grand River whose work over three generations has secured the persistence of Haudenosaunee identity through imagery involving classic stories, symbols, and metaphors. Performing Arts: Joshua Arden Miller Born and raised in Six Nations of the Grand River, this award-winning Bear Clan Onondaga musician, who has been working professionally since the age of 14, is known for being a popular band leader throughout the Niagara Region and has performed on national and international stages to great acclaim. Intellectual Advancement: Dr. Alan Corbiere A Ruffed Grouse Clan Anishinaabe from M’Chigeeng First Nation on Manitoulin Island, he served in numerous

knowledge-based roles, earned a PhD, holds a Tier 2 Canada Research Chair in Indigenous history, and currently serves as an Associate Professor in the History Department at York University. Language and Culture: Tahnee Bennett A Turtle Clan Mohawk from Six Nations of the Grand River, who, as a mother, daughter, sister, auntie, and Kanyen'keha (Mohawk language) enthusiast, she is a public-school teacher who has dedicated herself to the revitalization, preservation, and sharing of the Kanyen’keha language. Empathic Traditions: Fallon Farinacci A proud Red River Métis from St. Eustache, Manitoba, she is a child survivor, advocate, and public speaker for missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls, as well as others of diverse orientations and gender identities who has demonstrated exceptional commitment to preserving, promoting, and embodying values of empathy, ethics, and compassion. Two-Row Alliance: May-

or Wayne Redekop A municipal leader who has been engaged closely with the Indigenous community including involvement in initiatives to promote local access to health, and primary and urgent care services, protecting the Town’s natural and cultural heritage, supporting inclusion and diversity, and for creating partnerships and strategic alliances, including those with Indigenous peoples. Special Service Distinction Given to the Indian Defense League of America, an extraordinary organization now in its 100thyear of operation, that has served as a consistent reminder to Indigenous peoples and nations of their inherent national sovereignties, of their Treaty Rights to cross the “recently” established international border, and of the enduring responsibilities of governments to recognize and respect those rights. Receiving the award on behalf of the entire organization were, from the western side of

CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE

Lynden Lynden

AUTO AUTO DEPOT DEPOT HELPING HELPING WORKING WORKING FAMILIES FAMILIES RE-ESTABLISH RE-ESTABLISH THEIR THEIR CREDIT! CREDIT!

ASK ASK ABOUT ABOUT OUR OUR EXTENDED EXTENDED WARRANTIES! WARRANTIES! LEASE –– SAFETIED –– LATE –– LOW INTEREST LEASE RETURNS RETURNS SAFETIED LATE –MODELS MODELS LOW INTEREST WE SERVICE WHAT WE SELL NO HIDDEN FEES WE SERVICE WHAT WE SELL – NO HIDDEN FEES

SALES SALES & & LEASING LEASING OF OF HIGH HIGH QUALITY QUALITY USED USED CARS, CARS, TRUCKS TRUCKS & & VANS! VANS!

Nissan Rogue 2021 2024 HYUNDAI SANTA FE 2021 SANTA FE& S AWD HYUNDAI 1.5L3cylGas HeatedSeats&SEssential FWD 2.5L4cyl HeatedSeats Essential FWD 2.5L4cyl HeatedSeats & terringWheel 39,379 KM SterringWheel 47,388KM SterringWheel 47,388KM

00 00 $26,995 $29,995 $29,99500 PLUSHST HST &&LICENSE PLUS LICENSE FINANCING AVAILABLE PLUS HST & LICENSE FINANCING AVAILABLE FINANCING AVAILABLE

2022 CHEVROLET MALIBU 20222023 CHEVROLET MALIBU LTGMC 1.5L4cyl Turbo Sierra 1500

2025 Chevrolet Silverado 1500 2017 FORD F-150

2023 CHEVROLET 2023 CHEVROLET 2023 2018 GMC Sierra SIERRA 1500 1500 SILVERADO 2500

2017 FORD F-150 LT 4WD CrewCab 5.3L8cylGas 5’9”Box XLT SuperCab 4x4 2.7L6cyl Ecoboost XLT SuperCab 4x4 2.7L6cyl Ecoboost 54,136 KM 223,935KM 6'7"Box LeaseReturn

SILVERADO 2500 SLE 4WD CrewCab Pro Reg4x4 Cab5.3L8cyl 2.7L4cylGas 6’7”Box BackHD CustomCrewCab4x4 6.6L8’Box 8cyl HD CustomCrewCab4x4 6.6L 8cyl UpCam 172,067 131,794 KM KM DuramaxDiesel 6'10"Box 25,178KM

PLUSHST HST &&LICENSE PLUS LICENSE FINANCING AVAILABLE PLUS HST & LICENSE FINANCING AVAILABLE FINANCING AVAILABLE

PLUS PLUS HST HST& LICENSE PLUS HST &&LICENSE LICENSE FINANCING FINANCING AVAILABLE PLUS HST &AVAILABLE LICENSE FINANCING AVAILABLE FINANCING AVAILABLE

2021 FORD F-150 2024 Chevrolet Silverado 1500

2021 CHEVROLET 2021 CHEVROLET SILVERADO 1500 SILVERADO 1500 LT Chevrolet CrewCab4x4Z71 2022 Equinox

00 00 $46,995 $23,995 $23,99500

6'7"Box LeaseReturn 223,935KM

00 00 $33,995 $29,995 $71,995 $71,99500

DuramaxDiesel 6'10"Box 25,178KM

1.5L4cyl Turbo 5’10”Box Denali HeatedSeatsRemoteStart 4WDLTCrewCab 5.3L8cyl HeatedSeatsRemoteStart BackUpCam LeaseReturn Roof Leather 104,401 85,244KM KM BackUpCam LeaseReturn 85,244KM

2021 F-150 XLTCustomTrailBossZ71CrewCab4WD SuperCabFORD 4x4 3.3L6cyl 6'5'Box XLT SuperCab 4x4 3.3L6cyl 6'5'Box BackUpCam LeaseReturn 61,678KM 5.3L8cylGas5’10”Box 55,556 KM BackUpCam LeaseReturn 61,678KM

LT 1.5L4cylGas CrewCab4x4Z71 3.0L6cylDuramaxDiesel 6'7"Box 1LT AWD HeatedSeats 3.0L6cylDuramaxDiesel LeaseReturn 152,631 46,872KM KM 6'7"Box LeaseReturn 46,872KM

PLUSHST HST &&LICENSE PLUS LICENSE FINANCING AVAILABLE PLUS HST & LICENSE FINANCING AVAILABLE FINANCING AVAILABLE

PLUSHST HST && LICENSE PLUS LICENSE FINANCING PLUS HST &AVAILABLE LICENSE FINANCING AVAILABLE FINANCING AVAILABLE

PLUSHST HST & PLUS & LICENSE LICENSE FINANCING PLUS HST &AVAILABLE LICENSE FINANCING AVAILABLE FINANCING AVAILABLE

00 $53,9950000 $23,995 $23,995

00 00 $47,99500 $37,995 $37,995

00 00 $18,99500 $51,995 $51,995

PLEASE BRING YOUR STATUS CARD AND PAY NO TAX PLEASE BRING YOUR STATUS CARD AND PAY NO TAX 230 Lynden Road, Brantford, ON, N3T 5L8 (beside Galaxy Coin Wash) 230 Lynden www.lyndenautodepot.com Road, Brantford, ON, N3T 5L8 (beside Galaxy Coin Wash) 519.752.4535 www.lyndenautodepot.com 519.752.4535

TWO ROW TIMES

October 7th, 2026

2026 Niagara Outstanding Achievement Awards continued CONTINUED FROM PAGE 4

the Niagara River, Shirley Squire and Amber Squire — and — from the eastern side of the River, Marilyn Isaacs and Mary Ann Maracle. “The Indigenous Niagara Outstanding Achievement Awards are a wonderful opportunity to come together and celebrate the people, achievements and contributions that make our communities stronger,” said Niagara College President Sean Kennedy. “This year’s recognition of the Indian Defense League of America, as it marks 100 years of advocacy, is especially meaningful given its deep connection to the Niagara region and the Indigenous communities whose histories and relationships extend across the international border. It reminds us of the importance of upholding Treaty rights, honouring the history and leadership that have brought us to this point, and recognizing that this work continues today. At Niagara College, we are grateful for the opportunity

to listen, learn, and celebrate alongside Indigenous communities as we advance our commitment to Reconciliation.” “For those of us who study history and seek to learn from events and circumstances of the past, while recognizing Indigenous leaders who established the literal and metaphorical trails that we still follow today, these Awards serve as a powerful reminder of the dedication required across numerous disciplines to sustain our cultures and ways of life,” said Rick Hill, Vice President of the Niagara Academy for Indigenous Relations. “By honouring these exceptional people we affirm the enduring strength of Indigenous knowledge, creativity, leadership, and service, while inspiring future generations to carry these traditions forward.” The evening opened with a Thanksgiving Address by Karl Dockstader, followed by remarks from Niagara College Vice President Dr. Chris McGrath and Leah Hogan, Director

Happy

of Indigenous Education. Interspersed throughout the program were musical performances by celebrated Indigenous artists, including 2ndLine Bluegrass, Joshua Arden Miller, James Wilson, and LyonsDen Rez Muzik (Brook Lyons). The 2026 Awards also marked a milestone in the program's growth — thanks to the generosity of eleven sponsors from diverse sectors. Sponsors included: Barry and Laurie Green Family Trust (Title Sponsor); Niagara College and its Indigenous Education Unit (Venue Sponsor); James A. Burton & Family Foundation (Two-Row Alliance and Operational Sponsor); Meridian Credit Union (Financial Institution Sponsor); Brock University (Intellectual Advancement Sponsor); City of St. Catharines (Municipal Sponsor); Ontario Federation of Indigenous Friendship Centres (Language and Culture Sponsor); Six Nations House (Visual Arts Sponsor); Gail Lord and Lord Cultural Resources; Nancy J. Coombs; and Rick Hill.

THANKSGIVING THANKSGIVING DON’T DRINK AND DRIVE

WEAR YOUR SEATBELT SLOW DOWN WHEN DRIVING DON’T LEAVE COOKING UNATTENDED

www.snpolice.ca (519) 445-2811 In an emergency, call 911.

1953 4th Line, Ohsweken, ON N0A 0A7 519.445.4213 www.sixnatgas.com

COMMUNITY

COAT DRIVE Let’s Support One Another Details: October 5 to November 10, 2026 Accepting new & good condition winter coats/clothing Including snow pants, snow suits, hats, mitts etc. All sizes encouraged Drop off: 15 Sunrise Ct, bin outside Monday - Friday 9:00am 3:30pm Coat giveaway details to come Inquiries contact Stephanie: (226) 387-2966 Presented by Six Nations Social Services’ Child & Family Services’ Primary Prevention Services Connect & Follow Us Online: #SixNationsMatters

OPINION

TWO ROW TIMES

October 7th, 2026

editor@tworowtimes.com

Four Pieces of Paper: Nothing outside the four corners BENJAMIN DOOLITTLE UE ben@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

People ask me how complicated the Haldimand business really is, usually with a look like they already know and are bracing for it. It is not complicated. It comes down to four documents, and you could read all four before your coffee goes cold without anyone standing beside you explaining what they really mean. In April of 1779, at Quebec, a pledge was given to the Mohawks of Canajoharie, Tikondarago and Aughquaga. In October of 1784 Haldimand put his hand and seal to the Proclamation, authorizing the Mohawk Nation and such others of the Six Nations as wished to settle in that quarter to take possession of the banks of the river, which them and their posterity are to enjoy for ever. In November of 1789 Lord Dorchester made the Order in Council setting up the register of everyone who had adhered to the Unity of the Empire, putting the mark on their names and their posterity, and promising land to their sons and daughters when they came of age. And in April of 1796 Simcoe issued the Register Proclamation, telling anybody claiming to have adhered before the Treaty of Separation to go and swear it before the magistrates, and saying plainly that whoever neglected it would not be considered entitled. Four papers, one chain. Here is the part worth sitting with. Not one of those documents says a word about Aboriginal title. Not a word about custom, traditional

territory, time immemorial, or occupation since before contact. They do not describe our people by what we are. They describe us by what we did. We adhered before the Treaty of Separation, we lost our settlements for it, and what follows runs to our posterity through the Crown's own machinery, with a register and an oath and a magistrate and a list. That is not an Indigenous rights file. That is the Loyalist settlement system, and the Mohawks of those three villages are sitting inside it by name. Which is why section 35 is the wrong door, and it costs more to walk through than people realize. Section 35 is for rights that come from being here first. It asks what your people did before contact and whether the practice was central to who you were, and proving that takes twenty years and a room full of experts. Then the right you finally win can still be infringed, so long as the Crown talks a judge into believing the infringement was justified. That is not an accident. That is how it was built. Our interest does not come from being here first. It comes from a piece of paper. The territory was acquired, not ancestral, and nothing about section 35 improves it. Plead it and you turn a document into a claim, and a claim is something the Crown gets to argue with you about for the rest of your life. The same goes for the duty to consult, which gets thrown around here constantly. Consultation is what the Crown owes while a question is still open. Ask for it and you have agreed yours is still open, which

is exactly where Canada would like us standing, permanently, hats in hand, waiting to be consulted about our own property. Nothing is pending here. What is owed is not consultation. It is observance. And when a public officer fails a duty the law put on him, not by honest mistake but dishonestly or with a thumb on the scale, there is a word for that, and you will not find it in the civil reports. So what happened when the country rearranged itself in 1867? The lands went to the provinces, but section 109 sent them subject to any interest other than that of the province in the same. Ontario did not get this tract clean. It got it encumbered, and an encumbrance does not quietly expire because nobody pressed it for a hundred and fifty years. Any lawyer doing a title search would call that a latent defect: an interest never surrendered, never extinguished, never disclosed to a single one of the people who have since bought, mortgaged, insured and registered on top of it. That is the real exposure, and it is not a field somewhere. It is every assurance given on every transaction on that tract since Confederation. Which explains something that otherwise looks like generosity. There is one way to clear a defect like that, and it is a surrender given by somebody with authority to give it. Settlement talks, accommodation frameworks, agreements with a body the Crown set up under its own statute — all of them end in the one piece of paper the registry needs. I am not accusing anyone of plotting anything, and

Volume 14, Issue 8 Make advertising cheques payable to:

I do not have to. Look at the shape of the deal. A surrender blesses every transaction that came before it, closes the hole, and ends the posterity interest in the same motion. Whatever gets paid for that is not compensation. It is the cost of clean title, and it is cheap. Before I get to who can give such a thing, there is a question a councillor here put in print in 2007 that nobody ever really answered. She asked whether certain people were real Mohawks by the maternal line or INAC Mohawks by the paternal one. Years later she worked it through her own family, out loud, which took nerve. She is registered Oneida through her father, who was registered through his father. Her mother is registered Mohawk through her father, who was registered through his. So she claims Mohawk through her mother, the way our law would have it, then has to turn around and ask whether that is even true. She called it confusing. It is not confusing. It was built that way. Our law carries nation and clan through the mother. The Indian Act registered us through the father for the better part of a century. Run two opposite systems side by side for four generations and you get a whole people who cannot say what they are under their own law using the Crown's records. The registry did not just write us down wrong. It destroyed the proof of the thing Canada now wants us to prove. And then a mayor of Brantford can look at a Mohawk and ask him to prove he is Mohawk. Which is where these

four papers do something nobody seems to have noticed. They never mention clan. They never mention the maternal line. What they mention is adherence, three villages by name, and posterity. Canajoharie, Tikondarago, Aughquaga, written down in 1779, the people who lost their homes for the King's cause and whose descendants the 1784 instrument carries forward. That is a question of records, answered by genealogy and sworn before a magistrate, precisely what Simcoe set out in 1796 and nobody ever repealed. You can answer it without a band list, without the registry, without anybody's permission, because the Act never held that proof and so could never destroy it. That same councillor asked one more thing, the root of the whole mess, and it deserves a straight answer. Was the land not given to the Mohawks and others? The Proclamation says the said Mohawk Nation and such others of the Six Nations as wish to settle in that quarter. That is a principal and a class admitted alongside, not one big undifferentiated grantee, and the Pledge had named the villages five years earlier. Reading "and others" as if it dissolved the named class into a single collective is the move everything downstream depends on. It is not in the document. It was added later, by a department that found it useful. So the question for our own people is not who is sincere. Nearly everyone is. It is narrower and colder. Does whoever sits at that table actually hold the thing being surrendered?

Head of Production: Dave LaForce Writer: Jace Koblun Writer: Donna Duric Editor-in-General: Benjamin Doolittle Advertising Sales Co-ordinator: Marshall Lank Advertising Sales Executive: Christine Patton

Garlow Media Oneida Business Park Suite 124 50 Generations Drive, Box 1 Main office: (519) 900-5535 Editorial line: (519) 900-6241 Advertising line: (519) 900-6373 Ohsweken, ON N0A 1M0

Thank you for your advertising support!

For advertising information: ads@tworowtimes.com General inquiries: info@tworowtimes.com Website: www.tworowtimes.com

The same councillor once wrote that it should not matter who sits there so long as the claims get settled and the community benefits, and plenty of people here believe that, and I understand why. But it is the one thing that matters most, and not because of anybody's worth. Only the class named in the instrument can give up what the instrument gave. That entitlement belongs to the posterity of the people who adhered, wherever they live now and whatever list they are on. A body created by statute in the next century, however well it serves this community, is not that class and cannot hand away what belongs to it. That is not an attack on anyone. It is just reading the document. Which brings me back to where I started. Nothing in those four papers needs translating, or interpreting, or a ceremony, or an expert to explain what our ancestors meant, because our ancestors did not write them. The Crown did. It named the villages. It wrote down what those people lost and what they were owed. It built the register, set the oath, appointed the officer to hear it, and said whoever skipped it would not be considered entitled. Then it signed and sealed the lot. That procedure was never repealed. It is still sitting there, and it is still the Crown's own answer to who can prove himself. Everything added since has made it harder to read, which was the point of adding it. Canada is not being asked to take our word for any of this. It is being asked to read its own. So read the four. Then ask which word in them Canada disputes.

TWO ROW TIMES

October 7th, 2026

John Noble Home celebrates reopening of renovated Day and Stay program space STAFF REPORT

editor@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

BRANTFORD – The John Noble Home celebrated the reopening of its newly renovated Day and Stay program space on Friday, September 25, 2026, marking the completion of significant improvements designed to better support older adults, individuals living with dementia and memory loss, and their caregivers. Members of the John Noble Home Committee of Management, staff and community partners gathered for a ribbon-cutting ceremony to recognize the newly renovated space and the important role the Day and Stay program continues to play in our community. Given its importance, the Day and Stay program

continued to operate from another area of the John Noble Home while renovations were underway. Improvements to the new space include larger, more accessible washrooms designed to better accommodate individuals using walkers and wheelchairs, new windows and flooring in the bedrooms, updated heating and air conditioning, improved lighting, and a new activity room. The additional space provides more room for programming and creates a bright, welcoming environment where clients can comfortably socialize and participate in activities. “The City of Brantford is proud to support investments that strengthen services for older adults and caregivers in our community. The improvements to the Day and Stay program space will help ensure this important and now

Back row from left: County of Brant Councillor John Bell, MPP Will Bouma; Front row from left: City of Brantford Councillor Richard Carpenter, City of Brantford Councillor Mandy Samwell, City of Brantford Councillor Linda Hunt, County of Brant Councillor John MacAlpine, County of Brant Mayor David Bailey, Lisa Clarkson, Day and Stay Program Manager, Anna Gora, Administrator, John CITY OF BRANTFORD Noble Home.

expanded service continues to meet the needs of individuals and families for years to come.” says City of Brantford Councillor Linda Hunt, Vice

Chair, 2026 Committee of Management The Day and Stay program offers three services to support clients and caregivers including the

Day Program, Afternoon Program and Overnight Stay Program. The Day and Afternoon programs serve individuals from Brantford and the surrounding regions who are living with dementia or memory loss. Therapeutic recreation staff provide a variety of cognitive, creative, physical and social activities designed to support clients’ abilities, interests and well-being. The Overnight Stay Program provides respite care for individuals who require additional support. The program works with the Brantford General Hospital to support patients who no longer require hospital care but may need additional assistance before returning home. With three semi-private bedrooms available, the Overnight Stay Program also provides caregivers with an

opportunity to rest and recharge while knowing their loved one is receiving appropriate care and support. The renovations were supported by the City of Brantford and the County of Brant and reflect an ongoing commitment to providing accessible, responsive services for clients and caregivers in the community. “The County of Brant is proud to support investments that strengthen services for older adults and caregivers who rely on the Day and Stay program. These improvements reflect our commitment to ensuring County residents and their families continue to have access to important supports that contribute to their well-being and quality of life.” - County of Brant Councillor John MacAlpine, Chair, 2026 Committee of Management

Presented by: Six Nations Social Services’ Child & Family Services, Clinical Services Unit:

Moccasin Crafting & SNAP Information Workshop

Community Invitation The Six Nations Veterans Association invitation to the

Annual Remembrance Day Parade & Service Sunday October 18, 2026 The parade will form up at the Six Nations Community Center at 12:30 p.m. and move to the Veterans Memorial Park for service at 1:00 P.M. A reception at the Six Nations Community Hall will follow the service. The Family Wreath Laying will take place at 12:15 p.m. prior to the parade and service at Veterans Park. Please R.S.V.P. to V. Monture@ 905-768-1406 or email, vcmonture@outlook.com if you wish to lay a wreath for your family member. Please call before October 10, 2026.

Join us for a two-night workshop on moccasin making and the SNAP (Stop Now And Plan) program, aimed at caregivers of children aged 5-12 (children must be 6 by Jan. 2027) who struggle with decision-making and problem-solving. Caregivers must attend both sessions, childcare will not be provided as to ensure full engagement. This is a free program supporting Six Nations band members.

October 21 & 22, 2026 4:00-7:30pm Dajoh - Cayuga/Tuscarora Room Register by Oct. 16, 2026 Contact Kallie: call/text (519) 717-5559, email: CSSW1@sixnations.ca Connect & follow us online: #SixNationsMatters

TWO ROW TIMES

October 7th, 2026

City of Brantford launches fully wrapped cancer awareness bus STAFF REPORT

editor@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

BRANTFORD - The City of Brantford is proud to unveil a fully wrapped Brantford Transit bus dedicated to promoting breast and prostate cancer awareness and encouraging residents to prioritize early detection and regular screening. Inspired by local cancer advocate Brandi Lee Franklin and her Mission Possible: Paint the Town Pink campaign, the colourful transit bus will travel throughout the city for the next year, carrying powerful messages about the importance of early detection for both breast and prostate cancer. The initiative stems from a Notice of Motion brought forward by Deputy Mayor of External Relations and Councillor Rose Sicoli, which was later amended by Councillor Greg Martin to include prostate cancer aware-

From left to right: Nicole Wilmot, Commissioner of Community Development, Rose Sicoli, Deputy Mayor of External Relations and City Councillor, Judy Moore, Commissioner of Corporate Services, Councillor Mandy Samwell, Brandi Lee Franklin, Councillor Richard Carpenter, Mary Musson, ComCITY OF BRANTFORD missioner of Community Services and Social Development.

ness. While the original Council-approved funding of $30,000 would have supported advertising and production costs for breast cancer messaging on one side of a bus during October, Breast Cancer Awareness Month, and prostate cancer mes-

saging during November, Prostate Cancer Awareness Month, the City's advertising vendor, StreetSeen, partnered with the City to provide significant added value, whereby a fully wrapped bus featuring both awareness campaigns will remain on the

road for an entire year. "Brandi's courage, determination and commitment to raising awareness inspired this initiative," said Councillor Rose Sicoli. "When I brought this motion forward, my goal was to help amplify an important message that

could save lives. Seeing this bus travel through every corner of our city serves as a reminder that early detection matters and that our community stands behind those impacted by cancer." Councillor Greg Martin said the expanded campaign reflects the importance of raising awareness for cancers that affect residents and families across the community. "Early detection can make all the difference," said Martin. "I was pleased to amend the motion to include prostate cancer awareness so that this campaign reaches and helps even more people." Franklin launched Mission Possible: Paint the Town Pink in 2023 following a diagnosis of an aggressive form of breast cancer. Since then, she has become a powerful voice for awareness, advocacy and support for cancer patients in Brantford and beyond. "The first year I walked from house to house

and store to store asking people to display pink ribbons I had handmade," said Brandi Lee Franklin. "I wanted to spread love, unity and awareness in the community. To see that message now represented on a city bus is truly incredible." Franklin said the campaign is ultimately about encouraging people to take action when it comes to their health. The bus features bold pink and blue designs representing breast and prostate cancer awareness, alongside the message "Early Detection Can Make the Difference” and directs residents to trusted national resources where they can learn more about cancer screening, risk factors and early detection. The City of Brantford extends its sincere appreciation to StreetSeen for its partnership and generosity in enhancing the campaign's reach and impact for residents.

Support Community Inclusion OPEN HOUSE

Join us

Nov 7

niagaracollege.ca

October 7th, 2026

TWO ROW TIMES

NOTICE OF PROJECT UPDATE Argyle Street Bridge Replacement in Caledonia, Haldimand County Detail Design and Class Environmental Assessment Study (G.W.P. 3805-01-00) THE STUDY The Ontario Ministry of Transportation (MTO) retained WSP Canada Limited (WSP) to complete the Detail Design and Class Environmental Assessment Study (Class EA) for the replacement of the Argyle Street Bridge over the Grand River in Caledonia, Haldimand County (the Project). The location of the bridge is shown in the key plan.

2176 Chiefswood Rd. Ohsweken, ON 1-888-696-2224 info@grandriverenterprises.com

Happy T hanksgiving Let’s be thankful together!

THE PROCESS The Project is being carried out in accordance with the approved environmental planning process for Group ‘B’ projects under the MTO Class Environmental Assessment (Class EA) for Provincial Transportation Facilities (2000). A Transportation Environmental Study Report (TESR) was prepared for the replacement of the Argyle Street Bridge and received EA approval in 2009. During the subsequent Detail Design Phase, a five-year review was undertaken and determined that there are no significant changes to the EA approved plan. A Design and Construction Report (DCR) was prepared in 2020. The purpose of this notice is to inform you that the Project has been re-initiated to complete the Detail Design. A DCR Addendum will be prepared to document additional consultation undertaken; updated environmental existing conditions, potential impacts and mitigation measures; and any modifications to the design. COMMENTS Interested persons are encouraged to provide comments by November 6, 2026. If you wish to obtain additional information or provide comments, please contact: Mark Velicevic, P. Eng. Consultant Project Manager WSP 6925 Century Avenue Mississauga, ON L5N 0E3 tel: 289-835-2629 e-mail: project-team@argylebridge.ca

Chris Dixon Senior Project Manager Ministry of Transportation 659 Exeter Road London, ON N6E 1L3 tel: 519-933-9170 e-mail: project-team@argylebridge.ca

Please visit the Project website at www.argylebridge.ca If you have any accessibility requirements to participate in this project, please contact one of the Project Team members listed above. Comments and information will be collected to assist the MTO in meeting the requirements of the Ontario Environmental Assessment Act. Information will be collected in accordance with the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act and the Access to Information Act. With the exception of personal information, all comments will become part of the public record.

TWO ROW TIMES

October 7th, 2026

Six Nations of the Grand River

LITIGATION UPDATE

Keep up with our litigation court case by watching it live! Tune in using the link below. A Zoom account is required to be able to view the livestream.

https://ca01web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN _FRvbr8HBTkWskZAZGI6xEQ#/registration

WATCH WITH US There is very limited seating in the courtroom and overflow seating, so we will be hosting a community viewing of the litigation livestream during the week of October 7-9. October 7,8,9 - GREAT Theatre (16 Sunrise Court), 9am

COURTROOM ETIQUETTE You are representing our community whether you are attending in-person or virtually. Here are some tips on proper courtroom etiquette:

IN-PERSON Be on time Turn off your cellphone No electronic devices Remain silent during proceedings

VIRTUAL Locate a quiet area free of interruptions and distractions Identify yourself when in the virtual meeting Do not record or take photos of proceedings

For more details on proper courtroom etiquette, visit: bit.ly/InPersonEtiquette2026 or bit.ly/VirtualEtiquette2026

October 7th, 2026

TWO ROW TIMES

PRESEN

THIS IS A FREE EVENT

Rides, Live Music, Pumpkin Painting, Vendors, Raffle Prizes, and More!

SATURDAY, OCTOBER 17 � 11AM-4PM CHIEFSWOOD PARK 1037 BRANT COUNTY HWY 54

NIA:WEN / THANK YOU TO OUR COMMUNITY COLLABORATORS

TWO ROW TIMES

Haudenosaunee women open Pan-American Sixes with dominant win

October 7th, 2026

SIX NATIONS MOBILE CRISIS SERVICES 24/7 CRISIS PHONE LINE 866-445-2204 or 519-445-2204

LIVE CHAT (MESSAGING) Link on sixnationscovid19.ca under Crisis Support Live Chat

2 M / 6 FT

The Six Nations Mobile Crisis Services offers a 24/7 Crisis Line. A person seeking crisis support will be connected with a Crisis Response Worker.

The Six Nations Mobile Crisis Services offers Live Chat crisis response. Live Chat or Instant Messaging is done on your computer over the internet. Live Chat (Messaging) is available Monday to Friday 8:30am - 4:00pm

TEXT MESSAGING

CONFIDENTIAL SERVICES

The Six Nations Mobile Crisis Services offers Texting crisis response. Texting is available Monday to Friday from 8:30am - 4:00pm. A person seeking crisis support through text will be connected with a Crisis Response Worker and receive messages through text.

IF YOU HAVE A FEVER, COUGH AND DIFFICULTY BREATHING, The SixSEEK Nations MobileCARE CrisisEARLY Services is a MEDICAL confidential service offering crisis Stay home if you feel unwell. If support to Six Nations of the Grand River. youfeatures have a fever, coughaand The new run through program difficulty breathing, seek medical which offers safe and encrypted attention and callconversations in advance. technology to keep confidential and secure.

226-777-9480

The Haudenosaunee Nationals women’s team opened the 2026 Pan-American Sixes Lacrosse Championships with a 36-6 victory over Jamaica on day two of the tournament in Oshawa. The result continues the strong showing by Haudenosaunee squads on the international stage. The Sixes format features faster, shorter games and has drawn national teams from across the Americas. Further results from the championships will determine seeding and medal-round matchups. WORLD LACROSSE

Source: World Health Organization

TWO ROW TIMES TWO ROW TIMES

October 7th, 2026

ATTN:

13 OCTOBER 7TH, 2026

send notices to ads@tworowtimes.com

Coming Events

Milling & Forestry Services

Fully Insured!

Mudcat Milling We offer quality work at an affordable price!

YEAR-ROUND SERVICES Laneway Extensions Walkway & Laneway Installations

Drainage Solutions Land Clearing/ Mulching Laneway Repairs

Tree Removal Tree Trimming Stump Removal

Call Us for a FREE Estimate: 519-209-5658 Milling & Forestry Services

Please recycle this newspaper

14 OCTOBER 7TH, 2026

TWO ROW TIMES TWO ROW TIMES

ATTN:

October 7th, 2026

send notices to ads@tworowtimes.com

Obituaries

Celebration of Life

BOMBERRY, Doyle Howard February 2, 1971 – October 1, 2026 It is with great sadness that we, the family of Doyle announce his sudden passing on October 1, 2026. Doyle is survived by his partner and best friend Casey, their son Logan and his daughter Livia. Leaves behind his siblings Geri [late Alex], Kerry [Reva], Robin [Bobbi], Clint [Kathy], Dayle [Julie], Neale [Kelly], Luann [Brian], Lynn [Tracy], Connie [Yogi], Candy [Jay], Glyniss [Pudge], his best friend Tracey, in-laws Cody, Danny, Kate, Mark and mother-in-law Carol. Also survived by numerous nephews and nieces. We are sure he was welcomed with open arms by Mom & Dad [Lavonne & Wallace] and brothers Stephen, Wayde & Duane. Doyle was an avid hockey and lacrosse player winning numerous provincial championships. He was also a member of the 1992 Six Nations Arrows Minto Cup Championship team. As a proud ironworker out of Local 721 Toronto, he worked extensively throughout North America. Doyle was working in Staten Island when 911 happened. He was also highly creative, he recorded 3 CDs, Backroads, Country Moves and Dr. Decibel along with some of his closest friends. Doyle was happiest spending time with family and friends and writing his music. He was also the author of many unpublished poems. Locally he was known for the song he wrote for his mother “Angels”. He will be resting at his sister Geri’s home at 1104 Hwy 54 after 5 p.m. Friday, October 2, with visitation until Sunday at one pm. Committal to follow at Faith Victory Tabernacle 2147 Chiefswood Road. Arrangements by Styres Funeral Home , www.rhbanderson. com White Corn Picking

Bake Sale

Bake Sale Oct 10,2026 9am to 1pm Ohsweken Baptist Church Celebration of Life

“The family of

Please recycle this newspaper

Linda “Suzie” Cayuga would like to extend our heartfelt thanks to everyone who showed Linda and our family such kindness, care, and support throughout her journey.

The Six Nations Farmers Association is letting the community know that the white corn is ready for picking beginning October 7, 2026. The two fields are located at: 1) 5th Line east of Cayuga Rd. before the railway tracks on the south side. 2) 4th Line between Chiefswood Rd. and Seneca Rd. behind Six Nations Pentecostal Church & Youth Center on the north side. Signs are up at both locations.

For Sale

Chapel of the Delaware presents SOUP FEST

FRIDAY OCTOBER 9TH 3:00 - 6:00 pm 3103 Third Line Ohsweken

Choose 3 Bowls for $15.00 Includes 1 biscuit per 3 bowls

www.gmsportswear.ca Marilyn Frank 519-445-0215

gmsportswear@gmail.com

583 Mohawk Road RR#6 Hagersville, ON Tues - Sat 10am - 5pm

Tough Duck - Work Boots - Jackets - Golf Shirts - Hats - Clothing Embroidery - Screen Printing - Ribbon Skirts

Card of Thanks

Chili Corn Soup Potato Soup Bean Soup Beef Stew Cabbage Soup Dine in or Take Out CASH ONLY Come enjoy good food and company!

A special thank you to Scott and Kathy for all of their efforts and unwavering support; Misty, Kelly, and the staff of Skennenhátye Eminent Wellness; CarePartners nurses Tessa, Kimberly, Kim, Camilla, and all those who cared for Linda; Golf Fore TimBuck (Sue); Six Nations Veterans Association (Bruce); the Stedman Hospice team; and Six Nations Home and Community Care. To everyone who helped along the way, including those we may have unintentionally missed, please know how truly grateful we are. Your kindness helped make Linda’s journey more comfortable and meant more to our family than words can express. Family and friends are warmly invited to a Celebration of Life for Linda on October 11, 2026, from 5–10 p.m. at MontHill Golf & Country Club, 4925 Highway 6, Caledonia, ON. The evening will be catered by MontHill as we gather to share memories, celebrate Linda’s life, and remember the love she brought to so many.”

October 7th, 2026

OCTOBER 7TH, 2026

TWO ROW TIMES TWO ROW TIMES

CLUES ACROSS 1. Difficult 5. Coarsely ground corn 9. A group of similar things ordered one after another 11. Loved Romeo 13. Something to solve 15. Pelvic areas 16. Informal debt instrument 17. Ineffective 19. A device attached to a workbench 21. Related on the mother’s side 22. “Fresh Prince of __ Air” 23. Astronomer Sagan 25. C. Utah city 26. Turkey 27. Informal terms for money 29. Awakens 31. Those who favored ProCLUES DOWN hibition 1. Brave 33. Blabbed 2. A state of excitement 34. Looked through 3. Jest at 36. Rhode Island rebellion 4. Sandwich store 38. A type of “cast” 5. Chapter of the Koran 39. One’s duty 6. Dismounted from a horse 41. Where golfers begin 7. Small vehicle 43. Make a mistake 8. Irked 44. Semitic Sun god 9. A disreputable man 46. Ancient Greek City 10. Monetary unit of Samoa 48. Removed someone’s head 11. A list of woes 52. A place to stay 12. Weight unit 53. Unwise 14. Alone, single 54. Most unnatural 15. Broadway legend Berna56. “Dennis” is a notable one dette 57. Ointments 18. Monetary unit of Serbia 58. Examination 20. Worn by exposure to the 59. Leaked fluid weather 24. A body of traditions

Answers for October 7th, 2026 Crossword Puzzle

15 15

ARIES – Mar 21/Apr 20 Aries, some free time opens up this week. Focus on social outings and keeping things light. Use the time to relax and recharge. TAURUS – Apr 21/May 21 Tact may be required in the days ahead, Taurus. You have strong opinions about how to approach a situation, but present your views with kindness and express a willingness to be flexible. GEMINI – May 22/Jun 21 Gemini, save up your energy for something fun instead of getting swept up in someone else’s drama. Patience is your best friend this week, even if it doesn’t always come easy. CANCER – Jun 22/Jul 22 You tend to be very careful with money, Cancer. Financial discipline is a great asset that will pay dividends for you in the days ahead.

26. Students seek one 28. Hydrophilic amino acid 30. Nasal mucus 32. Branch of U.S. Congress 34. Swinish 35. Russian assembly 37. Grant an exemption to 38. Set up in advance 40. Satisfy 42. Felt 43. Mild yellow Dutch cheese made in balls 45. Witnesses 47. Strong insects 49. Gasteyer and de Armas are two 50. One of an ancient people inhabiting Scotland 51. Cheerless 55. Unhealthy

LEO – Jul 23/Aug 23 You may find yourself in a highly visible position this week, Leo. That means you will need to be on your best behavior at all times . People will notice your every move. VIRGO – Aug 24/Sept 22 Virgo, steer clear of any controversial subjects this week because they may escalate into something that can be off-putting for all involved. Try to keep your opinions to yourself. LIBRA – Sept 23/Oct 23 Embrace a challenge for all it has to offer, Libra. A unique situation arises this week, and you can learn something about yourself and feel a strong sense of accomplishment. SCORPIO – Oct 24/Nov 22 Harsh words can be hard to forget, Scorpio. Be careful about how you communicate with others. Your intentions are good, so take a thoughtful approach to how to express them. SAGITTARIUS – Nov 23/Dec 21 This week you are juggling many things, including work, appointments and family obligations. Optimism and patience will be key for the time being, Sagittarius. CAPRICORN – Dec 22/Jan 20 Concerns about money may be on your mind, Capricorn. If you can get a handle on your finances, you will feel more secure about spending money. AQUARIUS – Jan 21/Feb 18 There is no winning if you enter a fray between family members right now, Aquarius. It is best if you keep your distance and do your own thing this week. PISCES – Feb 19/Mar 20 Your input will be sought this week, Pisces. Carefully consider an emerging situation, and then use your critical thinking skills to come up with the right advice.

TWO ROW TIMES

Position

October 7th, 2026

SIX NATIONS COUNCIL Indigenous Transitions Facilitator

Employer/Location

Term

Salary

Home and Community Care, Wellbeing

Full-Time

Occupational Therapist

Community Health and Wellness, Wellbeing

Full-Time

$70,400 – $88,000/year $80,850 $95,425/year $34.73-$43.41/hour $49,500/year $63,200 $79,000/year $52,900/year $70,400/year $34.73/hour

Cultural Advisor Mental Wellness, Wellbeing Family Support Worker Child & Family Services, Social Services Release from Custody and Concurrent Disorder Mental Wellness, Wellbeing Case Manager Children’s Mental Health Worker Kanikonriio CYP, Social Services School Counselling and Support Worker Kanikonriio CYP, Social Services Land Based Program Coordinator Child and Youth Health, Wellbeing SIX NATIONS AND NEW CREDIT Finance and Loans Administration Manager Two Rivers Community Development Centre Outreach & Recruitment Specialist OSTTC

Contract Full-Time Full-Time Full-Time Full-Time Contract

Closing Date Until Filled Until Filled October 14, 2026 October 14, 2026 October 14, 2026 October 14, 2026 October 14, 2026 October 14, 2026

$60,000 – Until Filled $80,000/year Full-Time $52,500 Until Filled $73,500/year Teachers & Teacher Assistants Everlasting Tree School Full-Time TBD Until Filled Night-Time Customer Service Representative Six Nations Group Part-Time TBD Until Filled Facilities Manager Six Nations Group Full-Time $80,800 Until Filled $121,200/year Director of Investments Six Nations Group Full-Time (Hybrid) $102,400 Until Filled $153,600/year Director of Energy Projects and Services Six Nations Group Full-Time (Hybrid) $102,400 Until Filled $153,600/year Public Relations Officer Six Nations Group Full-Time $59,200 Until Filled $88, 800/year Communications & Events Assistant Six Nations Group Contract $50,000 Until Filled $75,000/year Content Marketing Specialist Six Nations Group Full-Time $54,400.00 Until Filled $81,600.00/year Archaeology Field Technicians Six Nations Group Contract $28/hour Until Filled Child Protection Worker Ogwadeni:deo Full-Time $57,600 Until Filled $87,750/year Baker Tim Hortons Full-Time TBD Until Filled Child Protection Worker Ogwadeni:deo Full-Time $57,600.00 Until Filled $87,750.00/year Administrative Assistant Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation Full-Time TBD October 7, 2026 Council Coordinator Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation Full-Time TBD October 9, 2026 Special Education Resource Worker Kawenni:io/Gaweni:yo School Permanent $54,000 October 12, 2026 $104,429.00/year Tsitewahket Land Based Practitioner Tsitewahket Land Base Contract $55,000 October 14,2026 $60,000/year Director of Finance Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation Full-Time TBD October 16, 2026 Customer Service Representative Kayanase Full-Time $38,300 – 49,800/year October 16, 2026 The GREAT Job Board is brought to you by Service Canada. Only local positions are posted in the paper. For more positions in the surrounding area, visit our job board at www.greatsn.com! To apply for funding, book your intake appointment with an ETC by calling 519-445-2222 (Toll-Free long distance at 1-888 218-8230 or email us at info@greatsn.com. Job descriptions are available at GREAT Weekdays... Monday through Friday from 8:30-4:30pm 16 Sunrise Court, Ohsweken

Full-Time

Phone: 519.445.2222 Fax: 519.445.4777 Toll Free: 1.888.218.8230 www.greatsn.com