rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns; ¼Hkk"kkfoKku@ leh{kk½ _"kHknso 'kekZ] xqjZedksaMk uhjtk © ys[kd}; ISBN 978-93-84068-11-0
¼Linguistics/Criticism½
_"kHknso 'kekZ xqjZedksaMk uhjtk
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vuqØe _______________________________________________________ rsyqxq lkfgR; ds vuqokn dh ijaijk 7
Lusgh vkSj vkReh; HkkbZ veu dqekj R;kxh vkSj vjfoan dqekj flag dks lLusg
vuqokn dh fodkl;k=k
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rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj รงns;
[1]
rsyqxq lkfgR; ds vuqokn dh ijaijk cgqHkk"kh ns'k Hkkjr esa fofHkUu Hkk"kk Hkk"kh leqnk;ksa ds eè; lkekftd&lkaL—frd le> vkSj vknku&çnku ds fy, vuqokn dh vko';drk Lo;afl) gS- bl egkns'k esa vuqokn dh ijaijk çkphu dky ls pyh vk jgh gS vkSj çk;% lHkh vkèkqfud Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa esa laL—r] çk—r o viHkza'k vkfn çkphu vkSj eè;dkyhu Hkk"kkvksa ls vuqokn }kjk Lo;a dks le`) djus dh ijaijk jgh gS- vfrçkphu ekuh xbZ rfey Hkk"kk ds çFke O;kdj.k ^rksYdkfIi;e* esa ^ofGuwy* ds uke ls vuwfnr xzaFk dh ppkZ dh xbZ gS- laL—r dkO;ksa ds ewy Hkko dks ysdj Hkkokuqokn] Nk;kuqokn ;k Hkk"kkarj.k ds vusd mnkgj.k ;g fl) djrs gSa fd bl ns'k esa vuqokn us lnk gh lsrq dh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSbl –f"V ls ^dac jkek;.k*] fofYyiqÙkwjj dk ^egkHkkjre*] ^f'kyIifnxkje*] ^ef.kesxyS*] ^thod fparkef.k* vkfn —fr;k¡ mYys[kuh; gSa- ¼fo'oukFk v¸;j] ^vuqokn dh Hkkjrh; ijaijk*] vuqokn dyk] i`-la- 158½rsyqxq lkfgR; ds vuqokn dh ijaijk ij –f"Vikr djus ls Kkr gksrk gS fd 17oha&18oha 'krkfCn;ksa esa rfey çns'k ds ratkowj esa ejkBk jktkvksa ds jkT;dky esa rsyqxq lkfgR; ds fodkl dh ubZ fn'kk,¡ [kqyha vkSj vla[; xzaFk jps x,- ejkBk jktkvksa us Hkh Lo;a rsyqxq Hkk"kk esa jpuk,¡ dha- ;g ;qx rsyqxq lkfgR; ds bfrgkl esa ^nf{k.kkaèkz lkfgR; ;qx* ds uke ls fo[;kr gS¼fot;jk?ko jsìh] ^laikndh;*] fganh esa nf{k.k Hkkjrh; lkfgR;] i`-la- 5½- blh le; ls vuqokn dh ijaijk Hkh fn[kkbZ nsrh gS vkSj irk pyrk gS fd rsyqxq esa laL—r] ikfy] çk—r o viHkza'k rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&7
ls cM+h ek=k esa vuqokn fd, x,- jkek;.k] egkHkkjr] Hkxon~xhrk] iapra=] tkrd dFkk,¡] xhrxksfoan] vfHkKku'kkdqarye] es?knwr] ySyk&etuw] vjc dh jkf=;ksa dh dFkk,¡ vkfn rsyqxq esa Hkh miyCèk gSa- lkFk gh rsyqxq ls Hkh fganh lfgr vU; Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa esa vusd jpukvksa dk vuqokn gqvk gS- ijarq [ksn dk fo"k; gS fd rsyqxq ;k vU; nf{k.k Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa ls fganh esa vuwfnr lkfgR; dks xaHkhjrk ls ugha fy;k x;k- çk;% ;g dgdj bu vuqoknksa dh mis{kk dh tkrh jgh gS fd vuqokn Bhd ugha gks jgs gSa ;k vuqokn esa ç;qä Hkk"kk dgha&dgha =qfViw.kZ gksrh gS ;k O;kdj.k lEer gksrs gq, Hkh vuqokn dh Hkk"kk ikBdksa dks mckÅ yxrh gS- ;s reke vkykspuk,¡ viuh txg gSa vkSj vuqokndksa dh fujarj lkèkuk viuh txg gS! blfy, rsyqxq ls fganh esa vc rd vusd jpukvksa dk vuqokn gks pqdk gS rFkk vc Hkh gks jgk gSrsyqxq ds vusd fo}kuksa us egkRek xkaèkh ls çHkkfor gksdj nf{k.k Hkkjr fganh çpkj lHkk ds rgr fganh esa mPp dksfV dh n{krk çkIr dh rFkk viuh Hkk"kk esa miyCèk dkyt;h —fr;ksa dks fganh esa ykus dk vuqie dk;Z fd;k- okjk.klh jkeewfrZ ^js.kq* us vkaèkz ds dchj ds uke ls fo[;kr oseuk ds inksa dk fganh esa vuqokn fd;k- mUgksaus gh iksruk —r ^Hkkxore* ds n'ke Ldaèk dk fganh esa Nanksc) vuqokn çLrqr fd;k- tk"kqok ds [kaM dkO; ^xfCcye* ¼ftls ^es?knwr* dh iSjksMh ekuk tkrk gS½ dk ^pexknM+* ¼1964½ uke ls vuqokn fd;k rFkk iksruk ds ^Jhen~Hkkxor* ds pkj mik[;kuksa dk Hkh fganh esa dkO;kuqokn ¼1965½ fd;k- blh çdkj ch-oh-lqCckjko us uafn frEeUuk ds ^ikfjtkrkigj.ke* dk] lw;Zukjk;.k ewfrZ us ^dykiw.kksZn;e* dk x|kuqokn fd;k- bu leLr vuqokndksa dks rsyqxq ls fganh vuqokn dh ijaijk ds çkjafHkd fuekZrk dgk tk ldrk gSrsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&8
1954 ls 1980 ds dky[kaM esa rsyqxq ls fganh esa vuwfnr mu iqLrdksa esa loZçFke mYys[kuh; —fr ^iapke`r* ¼dkO;] 1954½ gS- bldk laiknu M‚-Jhjke 'kekZ us fd;k Fkk- ^iapke`r* esa egkdfo frDduk] egkdfo Hkä iksruk] ;ksxh oseuk] vYylkfu isíuk vkSj psedwj osadV dfo ds pqfuank i|ksa dk fganh vuqokn lfEefyr gS- rsyqxq ds cky xhr] Hkfä lkfgR;] çcaèk dkO;] [kaM dkO;] uhfr dkO;] 'krd dkO;] voèkku] vkèkqfud dfork] dFkk lkfgR;] ukVd] fucaèk] thouh vkSj vkRedFkk vkfn dk çpqj ek=k esa vuqokn fganh esa miyCèk gS- vuqokn ds ekè;e ls fganh ikBd rsyqxq lkfgR; esa fufgr foy{k.k foèkkvksa ¼voèkku] iapinh] ukuhyq½ ls Hkh ifjfpr gks lds gSa- oLrqr% vuqoknksa }kjk Hkkjrh; lkfgR; dh le`f) gks jgh gS- fganh vkSj rsyqxq ds chp vknku&çnku dk bfrgkl iqjkuk vkSj le`) gS rFkk vkt Hkh ;g dk;Z cM+s iSekus ij py jgk gS- bruk gh ugha] ;g vknku&çnku lHkh Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa ds chp gks jgk gS- bl lanHkZ esa çks-nsojkt dk ;g dFku mYys[kuh; gS fd Þrsyqxq ds dkyt;h jpukdkj lh-ukjk;.k jsìh us dkO; esa iapinh 'kSyh ds dqN vn~Hkqr ç;ksx fd, Fks- mudh iapifn;ksa dk fganh esa vuqokn çks-Hkhelsu fueZy us fd;k Fkk- dksbZ chl lky igys eSaus ;s vuqokn ef.kiqjh Hkk"kk ds dfo;ksa dh ,d lHkk esa i<+s Fksewy ikB fganh esa vkSj O;k[;k ef.kiqjh esa- vk;kstu&LFky ls ckgj vkrs le; fueZy th ds vuqoknksa dh og iqLrd eq>ls dfo yupsuck ehrS us ek¡x yh- yxHkx ,d lky ds ckn ,d fnu yupsuck og iqLrd ykSVkus vk,- muds gkFk esa dkxtksa dk ,d iqfyank Hkh Fkk- cksys] ^lj] esjh dqN dfork,¡ lqfu,-* mUgksaus dkQh nsj rd ftu dforkvksa dk ikB fd;k] os lc iapinh 'kSyh esa Fkha- buesa thou ds vla[; vuqHko çHkko'kkyh fcacksa esa vkdkj xzg.k djrs çrhr gks jgs Fks- ef.kiqjh dfork esa
;g ,d uohu jpuk&'kSyh Fkh] ftls rsyqxq ds lh-ukjk;.k jsìh dh iapifn;ksa ls xzg.k fd;k x;k Fkk- dfo yupsuck dks bl ckr dk xoZ Hkh Fkk fd mUgksaus viuh ekr`Hkk"kk dh dkO; ijaijk esa ,d uohu oSf'k"Vî tksM+k- Lej.kh; gS fd ^;sa³~yq ;s³~yqcnk* uke ls bu dforkvksa dk ,d laxzg Nik] ftlus ef.kiqjh ;qok dfork vkanksyu dh egRoiw.kZ —fr gksus dk xkSjo çkIr fd;k vkSj bldk fganh esa vuqokn fl)ukFk çlkn }kjk fd;k x;k] tks ^ftr ns[kw¡* uke ls 1998 esa çdk'k esa vk;k- bl ?kVuk ls rsyqxq] ef.kiqjh vkSj fganh ds lacaèk Hkh lkeus vkrs gSa rFkk Hkkjrh; lkfgR; ds fuekZ.k dh çfØ;k ij Hkh çdk'k iM+rk gS-ß ¼çks-nsojkt] ^rsyqxq lkfgR; % ,d voyksdu* i<+rs gq,*] ladY;] tuojh&ekpZ 2013] i`-la- 133½Þfuf[kys'oj dk er gS fd rsyqxq lkfgR;dkj lkekftd ;FkkFkZ ds çfr vR;ar ltx jgs gSa rFkk if'peh lkfgR; esa tks ifjorZu 300 o"kksaZ esa gq,] rsyqxq esa os 100 o"kZ esa laiUu gks x,vfHkçk; ;g gS fd chloha 'krh dk rsyqxq lkfgR; ifj–'; vR;ar rhoz xfr ls ifjofrZr gksrk fn[kkbZ nsrk gS- lekt lqèkkjd danqdwfj ohjs'kfyaxe us rsyqxq lkfgR;Hkk"kk dks ljy cukus dk vfHk;ku pyk;k rks dkyt;h ukVd ^dU;k'kqYde* ds jpukdkj xqjtkMk vIikjko us fofèkor O;kogkfjd Hkk"kk'kSyh dks lkfgR; esa çfrf"Br fd;k- nwljh vksj fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k us ^osf;iMxyq* ¼lglzQ.k½ tSls miU;kl ds ekè;e ls iqjkus lekt dk l'kDr nLrkost is'k fd;k rks Hkko ¼Nk;k½ oknh dfork us ç—fr çse] vefyu Ük`axkj vkSj Lons'kh fparu dh èkkj cgkbZ- egkdfo Jhjaxe Jhfuokl jko ¼Jh Jh½ us ^egkçLFkkue* }kjk lkE;oknh fopkjèkkjk vkSj tu vkanksyu ls dfork dks tksM+k rks f=iqjusfu us ikSjkf.kd çlaxksa dks vkèkqfud ifjçs{; çnku fd;k- blh çdkj lekykspuk ds f'kYi vkSj jlfoèkku ds
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&9
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&10
fo'ys"k.k ds vkèkqfud çfreku dêeafp jkefyaxk jsìh us LFkkfir fd, vkSj yxHkx rhl o"kZ rd vH;qn; lkfgR; ¼çxfrokn½ rFkk lkE;oknh lkSan;Z'kkL= dk cksyckyk jgk- blds ckn vk, foæksg dks vfHkO;Dr djusokys fnxacj dfo vkSj l'kL= Økafr ds leFkZd foIyo ¼fojle½ dfo- ifjorZu dh rhozrk dks vkRelkr djrs gq, rsyqxq lkfgR; us gkf'k;k—r leqnk;ksa ds Loj dks L=h ys[ku] nfyr ys[ku vkSj vYila[;d eqfLye ys[ku ds ekè;e ls cqyan fd;k-ß¼rishabhuvach.blogspot.in/ 2011/04/blog-post.html½
Lej.kh; gS fd vkaèkz çns'k ds dbZ fganh ys[kdksa vkSj vuqokndksa us vius ekSfyd ,oa vuwfnr lkfgR; }kjk fganh lkfgR; dks laiUu fd;k gS- muesa osewfj vkatus; 'kekZ] Hkhelsu fueZy] osewfj jkèkk—".k ewfrZ] ;yeafpfy osadVs'oj jko] M‚-lw;Zukjk;.k Hkkuq] byikoqywfj ikaMqjaxk jko] cky'kkSfj jsìh] iksfy fot;jk?ko jsìh] naMewfM eghèkj] bczkghe 'kjhQ] okbZ-lh-ih-osadV jsìh] dksEek f'ko'kadj jsìh] vkj- 'kkark lqanjh] yhykorh] ih-oh-ujlk jsìh] ih-vkns'oj jko] ikjuafn fueZyk] jkpdksaMk cgusa] ts-,yjsìh] ,e-ja x¸;k] ,l-'ka djkpk;qZyq] ,e-ch-oh-vkbZ-vkj-'kekZ] ekf.kD;kack ^ef.k*] e-y{e.kkpk;qZyq] okbZ-osadVje.k jko] ,l'ks"kkjRue] th-ijes'oj vkSj Hkkxorqy gseyrk vkfn mYys[kuh; gSa-
[2]
vuqokn dh fodkl;k=k rsyqxq lkfgR; ds fganh vuqokn dh ijaijk ,oa fodkl js[kk dks mtkxj djrs gq, M‚-fot;jk?ko jsìh us ^fganh esa nf{k.k Hkkjrh; rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&11
lkfgR; ¼vuwfnr lkfgR; ds ifjçs{; esa½* ¼2008] vdknfed çfrHkk] fnYyh½ esa crk;k gS fd Þçsepan us vius laikndRo esa ^gal* if=dk esa nf{k.kh Hkk"kkvksa dh dgkfu;ksa dk vuqokn Nkiuk 'kq: fd;k- bl dk;Z ds fy, mUgksaus nf{k.k ds fganh fo}ku M‚-paægklu dks ijke'kZnkrk ds :i esa Hkh j[kk Fkk- bl rjg fu;ksftr rjhds ls nf{k.k dh Hkk"kkvksa ls fganh esa vuqokn dk;Z dks lapkfyr djus rFkk brj fganh i=&if=dkvksa ds çksRlkgu ds dkj.k xr 'krh ds rhljs&pkSFks n'kd esa cM+h la[;k esa jpuk,¡ fganh esa vuwfnr gksus yxha-ß bUgksaus ;g Hkh tkudkjh nh gS fd Þçsepan ds iq= Jhirjk; }kjk lu 1939 esa çdkf'kr ^xYi lalkj ekyk&7*] rsyqxq ladyu esa lfEefyr dgkuhdkj vkSj mudh dgkfu;ksa ds uke gSa & 1- fparknhf{krqyq & xksnkojh ufOoafn] 2- fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k & ekDyh nqxZe yks dqDdk] 3- ukjk;.k] 4- pye] 5- eqfuekf.kD;e & leqæ lukue] 6- vMfu cfyjktw & eksèkhj yksi] 7- cksM~Mq ckfi jktq & iq.;kReqMq] 8- eYyknh jke—".k 'kkL=h & ejhfpdk] 9- d#.k dqekj & osadUu dkiqje] 10- osaifV ukx Hkw"k.ke & ryofu ryaiqyq] vkbZ] 11- eqíq—".k efufo & i'kqoqß ¼fganh esa nf{k.k Hkkjrh; lkfgR; ¼vuwfnr lkfgR; ds ifjçs{; esa] i`-la- 100½M‚-fot; jk?ko jsìh }kjk laikfnr mi;qZä iqLrd ^fganh esa nf{k.k Hkkjrh; lkfgR; ¼vuwfnr lkfgR; ds ifjçs{; esa½* esa lfEefyr ;s vkys[k fganh&rsyqxq&vuqokn ijaijk dh igpku dh –f"V ls mYys[kuh; gSa & 1- vuqokn dk ,sfrgkfld ifjçs{; & rsyqxq ¼Hkhelsu fueZy½] 2- rsyqxq ls fganh esa vuwfnr dkO; ¼ekèkojko jsxqyikVh½] rsyqxq dh çkphu dfork dk fganh dkO;kuqokn ¼rsyqxq&fganh½ ¼th-lqanj jsìh½] 5- fganh esa vuwfnr miU;kl % rsyqxq ds lanHkZ esa ¼cky'kkSfj jsìh½] 6- fganh esa rsyqxq dgkuh ¼fot;jk?ko jsìh½] 7- rsyqxq lkfgR; esa vuwfnr vU; rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&12
x| lkfgR; ¼okbZ-osadVje.k jko o fot;jk?ko jsìh½- bu vkys[kksa ls rFkk dfri; vU; lzksrksa ls çkIr tkudkjh ds vkèkkj ij] rsyqxq ls fganh esa vuwfnr lkfgR; dks vkxs foèkkokj lwphc) fd;k tk jgk gSdkO; Û 1954 & iapke`r ¼rsyqxq ds 5 çkjafHkd dfo;ksa ds i|ksa dk fganh vuqokn] cky'kkSfj jsìh½ & laiknd % Jhjke 'kekZ] gSnjkckn fganh çpkj lHkk] gSnjkckn Û r`.kdad.ke~ & jk;çksyq lqCckjko & r`.kdad.ke~ & ,e- jkiksfV 'kadj¸;k 'kkL=h & vkaèkz çns'k lkfgR; vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û 1957 & oseu i|kyq & oseuk & lar oseuk & pylkfu lqCckjko Û 1961 & jaxukFk jkek;.ke & xksu cq)k jsìh & jaxukFk jkek;.k & lh-dkek{kh jko] fcgkj jk"VªHkk"kk ifj"kn] iVuk Û 1962 & vkf.keqR;kyq & bfYyanyk ljLorh nsoh & fu[kjs ghjs & Hkhelsu fueZy & ,e 'ks"kkpye ,aM daiuh] eækl Û 1962 & fr#ifr osadV doqyq & dforkJh & Hkhelsu fueZy & jk"VªHkk"kk çpkj lfefr] oèkkZ Û 1962 & dkVwfj osadVs'oj jko] fiaxfG y{ehdkare & dfoJh ekyk & 2 & Hkhelsu fueZy & jk"VªHkk"kk çpkj lfefr] oèkkZ Û 1964 & xfCcye & xqjZe tk"kqok & pexknM+ & okjk.klh jkeewfrZ js.kq & vknku&çnku iqLrd ekyk] gSnjkckn Û 1964 & fQjnkSlh & xqjZe tk"kqok & fQjnkSlh & nqxkZuan & vkaèkz çns'k lkfgR; vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û 1965 & egkHkkxore & cEesj iksruk & vkaèkz Hkkxor ifjey & okjk.klh jkeewfrZ ^js.kq* & vkaèkz çns'k lkfgR; vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û 1966 & iqfjiaM vIiy Lokeh dforyq & iqfjiaM vIiy Lokeh & iqfjiaM vIiy Lokeh dh dfork,¡ & xqjZe lqCckjko Û 1968 & fofoèk dfo % rsyqxq dh vkèkqfud dkO; èkkjk & lw;Z rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&13
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ukjk;.k ^Hkkuq* 1969 & fofoèk dfo % vkèkqfud rsyqxq dfork] Hkkx & 1] pkofy lw;Zukjk;.k ewfrZ] vkaèkz çns'k lkfgR; vdkneh] gSnjkckn 1969 & fofoèk dfo % vkèkqfud rsyqxq dfork] Hkkx & 2] vkywfj cSjkxh pkSèkjh] vkaèkz çns'k lkfgR; vdkneh] gSnjkckn 1969 & vk#æ dforyq & vk#æ & dfoJh vk#æ & Hkhelsu fueZy] lsrq çdk'ku] >k¡lh 1970 & JhJh & vkx mxyrk gqvk vkleku dh vksj c<+rk gqvk & fueZykuan okRL;k;u vkSj dkerk çlkn vks>k] rsyqxq lkfgR; çlkj lfefr] >kjlxqMk ¼mRdy½ 1971 & JhJh & rsyqxq ds vkèkqfud dfo JhJh & lw;Zukjk;.k Hkkuq 1971 & jkeIik & M‚-lh-ukjk;.k jsìh & jkeIik & naMewfM eghèkj] vkaèkz çns'k lkfgR; vdkneh] gSnjkckn 1972 & 'ks"k T;ksRLuk & xqaVwj 'ks"ksaæ 'kekZ & 'ks"k T;ksRLuk & vkse çdk'k fueZy] bafM;u ysaXost Qksje] gSnjkckn 1974 & eaMs lw;qZMq & xqaVwj 'ks"ksaæ 'kekZ & tyrk gqvk lwjt & vkse çdk'k fueZy] bafM;u ysaXost Qksje] gSnjkckn 1975 & uk ns'ke uk çtkyq & xqaVwj 'ks"ksaæ 'kekZ & esjh èkjrh esjs yksx] vkse çdk'k fueZy] bafM;u ysaXost Qksje] gSnjkckn 1976 & 'krd };e~ & vkfnR;HkV~y ukjk;.knkl & 'krd };e & dVh bZ'oj jko 1977 & fofoèk dfo & vkèkqfud rsyqxq dkO; ifjey & ,ejax¸;k] nf{k.kkapyh; lkfgR; lfefr] gSnjkckn 1977 & eksYy jkek;.ke & eksYy & eksYy jkek;.k & lh-,pjkeqyq] Hkqouok.kh VªLV] y[kuÅ 1978 & xksfjYyk & xqaVwj 'ks"ksaæ 'kekZ & xqfjYyk & vkse çdk'k fueZy] bafM;u ysaXost Qksje] gSnjkckn 1978 & dqanqfrZ dforyq & dqanqfrZ vkatus;qyw & esjs fcuk & ,eeYys'oj jko] ÝholZ fçaV] gSnjkckn rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&14
Û 1978 & jaxukFk jkek;.ke & xksu cqèkk jsìh & jaxukFk jkek;.k & Hkhelsu fueZy] Hkqouok.kh VªLV] y[kuÅ Û 1979 & lh-ukjk;.k jsìh & nhi ds uwiqj & Jhjke 'kekZ] gSnjkckn fganh çpkj lHkk] gSnjkckn Û 1979 & rsyqxq cky xhreqyq & rsyqxq dk cky lkfgR; & lh-,pjkeqyq] nf{k.kkapyh; lkfgR; lfefr] gSnjkckn Û 1979 & fofoèk dfo;ksa dh rsyqxq dfork,¡ & rsyqxq dh ubZ dfork & ih-vkns'oj jko] lg;ksx çdk'ku] fot;okMk Û 1980 & çse ys[kyq & xqaVwj 'ks"ksaæ 'kekZ & çse i= & vkse çdk'k fueZy] bafM;u ysaXost Qksje] gSnjkckn Û 1981 & euq pfj= & vYylkfu isíuk & Lojksfp"k&euqlaHko&çoj] ofìifrZ pyifr jko ^JhoRl*] Hkkjr Hkkjrh çdk'ku] fot;okM+k Û 1981 & vkywfj cSjkxh & rsyqxq dk vkèkqfud dfo vkywfj cSjkxh % çfrfufèk dfork,¡] ;kyZxìk y{eh çlkn Û 1983 & eaVyq ekuoqMq] lh-ukjk;.k jsìh & vkx vkSj vkneh] lh,p-jkeqyq ,oa ekèkojko jsxqyikfV] Hkkjrh; f'k{kk lfefr] guedksaMk Û 1984 & fo'oaHkjk] lh-ukjk;.k jsìh & fo'oaHkjk] Hkhelsu fueZy] Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk ifj"kn] dydÙkk Û 1984 & unh ukrks psfIianh] nk'kjfFk jaxkpk;qZyq & unh us eq>ls dgk Fkk & ,e-jax¸;k] egkUèkz çdk'kd] gSnjkckn Û 1985 & fofoèk dfo % 'kCn ls 'krkCnh rd] ,l-lh-ekèko jko] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û 1986 & xqjtkMk vIikjko & egkdfo xqjtkMk dh dfork,¡] lw;Zukjk;.k Hkkuq] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û 1986 & vUuekpk;qZy dhrZuyq] vUuekpk;qZyq & vUuekpk;Z ds ladhrZu] lh-,p-jkeqyq] Jhok.kh çdk'ku] guedksaMk Û 1987 & 'ks"ksaæ 'kekZ dh pquh gqbZ dfork,¡] xqaVwj 'ks"ksaæ 'kekZ & ph[krk gqvk vkneh] xqaVwj 'ks"ksaæ 'kekZ Û 1987 & vUuekpk;Z] jkenklq] R;kxjktq] ';ke 'kkL=h] eqÙkq Lokeh & ladhrZudkj iapjRu] okbZ-osadVje.k jko] jkts'ojh çdk'ku] rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&15
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gSnjkckn 1987 & fofoèk dfo & eafnj [kk¡l jgk gS] ,e-jax¸;k] çfrHkk çdk'ku] gSnjkckn 1987 & oseu i|kyq] oseu & oseu lwfä lqèkk] ekèkojko jsxqyikfV] fufru ifCyds'kUl] y[kuÅ 1987 & fofoèk dfo % 'kr 'kr ueu] ekèkojko jsxqyikfV] fganh çfr"Bku] gSnjkckn 1987 & oseu i|kyq] oseu & oseu ok.kh] osewfj jkèkk—".k ewfrZ] lr lkfgR;] gSnjkckn 1987 & ts-ckiqjsìh&Jhdkj f'k[kj ¼ç.k; xs; laiqfV½] vUuiqjsìh Jhjke jsìh] lq[ksyk fudsru] gSnjkckn 1989 & 'kkafr lerk] ufefydksaM ukyfd'kujko & 'kkafr lerk] ekèkojko jsxqyikfV] lkfgR; lfefr] ojaxy 1989 & fofoèk dfo & uO; iFk esa uO;rk rd] oh-jke—".k jko] lhrk egky{eh] rkMsifYyxwMse 1989 & cstokM+k xksiky jsìh & yksdkyksd] ih-vkns'oj jko] ok.kh çdk'ku] ubZ fnYyh 1990 & pYyk jkèkk—".k 'kekZ & Je ds LoxZ] ,e-jax¸;k] çfrHkk çdk'ku] gSnjkckn 1990 & lh-ukjk;.k jsìh & dfork esjh lk¡l] Hkhelsu fueZy rFkk vU;] Hkkjrh; KkuihB çdk'ku] ubZ fnYyh 1990 & dqanqfrZ vkatus;qyq & ge lc ,d gSa] ,e-jax¸;k] çfrHkk çdk'ku] gSnjkckn 1990 & ikaMqjax egRE;eq] rsukfy jke—".k dfo & ikaMqjax egRE;eq] Hkhelsu fueZy rFkk vU;] rsyqxq fo'ofo|ky;] gSnjkckn 1992 & fge f'k[kje] eí 'khye jkts'ke & fge f'k[kj] ekèkojko jsxqyikfV] lkfgR; lfefr] ojaxy 1992 & lqefr 'krde] císu & lqefr dh lwfä;k¡] lqudj psax¸;k] fo|k dqVhj çdk'ku] xqaVwj 1992 & dfo iapkuu & rsyqxq ds ik¡p dfo % dfo iapkuu] rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&16
vuqjkèkk] gjh'k çdk'ku Û 1993 & çiap inqyq] lh-ukjk;.k jsìh & çiap in] Hkhelsu fueZy] yksdHkkjrh çdk'ku] bykgkckn Û 1993 & lh-ukjk;.k jsìh & vukxr gsear] ,e-jax¸;k] çfrHkk çdk'ku] fldanjkckn Û 1993 & xqaVwj 'ks"ksaæ 'kekZ] 'kCn bl 'krkCnh dk] vkse çdk'k fueZy vkSj Hkhelsu fueZy] Hkkjrh; KkuihB] ubZ fnYyh Û 1994 & lIr Lojkyq] fofoèk dfo & lIr Loj] ekèkojko jsxqyikfV] lkfgR; lfefr] guedksaMk Û 1995 & fluhokyh] vk#æ & fluhokyh] osewfj jkèkk—".k ewfrZ] fefyan çdk'ku] gSnjkckn Û 1996 & vfXu uqafM vkuane ojdq] ekfnjktq jaxkjko & vfXu ls vkuan rd] ekèkojko jsxqyikfV] jlèkqfu çdk'ku] guedksaMk Û 1997 & fofoèk dfo & lelkef;d rsyqxq dfork] ,e-jax¸;k] çfrHkk çdk'ku] fldanjkckn Û 1997 & uxj] pdksuk] ,e-jax¸;k] çfrHkk çdk'ku] fldanjkckn Û 1998 & vUuekpk;Z & vUuekpk;Z ladhrZu f=os.kh] fot;jk?ko jsìh] fr#ey fr#ifr nsoLFkkue] fr#ifr Û 1998 & vfLerk ¼ukjhoknh dfork,¡½] fofoèk dof;f=;k¡] vfLerk] ,e-jax¸;k] çfrHkk çdk'ku] fldanjkckn Û 1998 & dkyksth ukjk;.kjko & nq[kM+k] ekèkojko jsxqyikfV] vxzoky çdk'ku] eFkqjk Û 1999 & isokZje txUukFke & isokZje dh dfork,¡] ,e-jax¸;k] çfrHkk çdk'ku] fldanjkckn Û 1999 & LQqfyax ¼nfyr dkO;] 153 nfyr dforkvksa dk vuqokn½] ,e-jax¸;k] çfrHkk çdk'ku] fldanjkckn Û 1999 & lqefr 'krde] císu & lqefr 'krd & th-ijes'oj] jk"Vªh; lkfgR; ifj"kn] gSnjkckn Û 2000 & eêh] efu"kh] vkdk'ke] lh-ukjk;.k jsìh] feêh] ekuo vkSj vkdk'k & ih-vkns'oj jko] fefyan çdk'ku] gSnjkckn rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&17
Û 2000 & JhJh & ;qxpsrk JhJh] ,e-jax¸;k] çfrHkk çdk'ku] fldanjkckn Û 2000 & ckj ckj tUe yw¡xh ukjh cu] oklk çHkkorh] ¼vuq½ lhrk dqekjh] fefyan çdk'ku] gSnjkckn Û 2000 & tytyk ¼rsyqxq eqfLyeoknh dfork ds rsoj] 21 dfork,¡½] ,e-jax¸;k] çfrHkk çdk'ku] fldanjkckn Û 2001 & nk'kjFkh 'krde] dapyZ xksiUu & nk'kjFkh 'krde] Hkhelsu fueZy] egrh çdk'ku] bykgkckn Û 2002 & lh-ukjk;.k jsìh & xjtrs vk¡lw] Hkhelsu fueZy rFkk vU;] fefyan çdk'ku gSnjkckn Û 2002 & JhosadVs'oj opu] isí fr#eykpk;Z & JhosadVs'oj opu] Hkhelsu ueZy] fr#ifr nsoLFkkue] fr#ifr Û 2004 & rsyqxq dh fnxacj dfork ¼26 dfork,¡½] ,e-jax¸;k] çfrHkk çdk'ku] fldanjkckn Û 2004 & dou eankfduh] 'kjr T;ksRLuk jkuh] ds-osadVje.k jko] fefyan çdk'ku] gSnjkckn Û 2004 & feêh dh iqdkj] ds-f'kok jsìh] ih-oh-ojlk jsìh] fefyan çdk'ku] gSnjkckn Û 2005 & ukuhyq] ,u-xksfi & uUgs eqäd] fot;jk?ko jsìh] f{kfrt çdk'ku] fnYyh Û ,dksÙkj'krh ¼,d lkS ,d fofoèk dfo½] fot;jk?ko jsìh] jk"Vªuk;d] gSnjkckn Û 2006 & dkykfUu fuæiksfuOouq] ,u-xksfi & le; dks lksus ugha nw¡xk] vkj-'kkark lqanjh] f{kfrt çdk'ku] fnYyh Û 2007 & vkèkqfud rsyqxq dkO; lkSjHk ¼21 fofoèk dfo;ksa dh 5&5 dforkvksa dk ladyu½] ¼vuq½ M‚-,e- jax¸;k] çfrHkk çdk'ku] gSnjkckn Û 2007 & Hkwfedk] M‚-lh-ukjk;.k jsìh] ekf.kD;kack ^ef.k*] lkSjHk çdk'ku] gSnjkckn Û 2008 & oseu 'krh] M‚-,e-ch-oh-vkbZ-vkj-'kekZ] vkaèkz çns'k fganh rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&18
vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û 2008 & fojkV ,drk& oV ¼yach dfork½] vkpk;Z jkfodafV olquanu] M‚-,e-jax¸;k] M‚-ch-vkj-vEcsMdj vksisu ;wuhoflZVh] gSnjkckn Û 2008 & lkFk pyusokyh dye] M‚-lh-ukjk;.k jsìh] ikjuafn fueZyk Û 2008 & xksfi ds uUgs eqäd] M‚-luk] lkfjdk çdk'ku] gSnjkckn Û 2009 & e`R;q ds ckn] M‚-ch- xksiky jsìh] ih- vkns'oj jko] fefyan çdk'ku] gSnjkckn Û 2009 & Lo.kZ fyfi] vtark] ih-vkns'ojjko] fefyan çdk'ku Û 2009 & ekSu Hkh cksyrk gS] ,u-v#.kk] vkj-'kkark lqanjh] f{kfrt çdk'ku] fnYyh Û 2010 & vk'kkvksa dk lkxj] M‚- èksuqodksaMk JhjkeewfrZ] vkj-'kkark lqanjh] ikyfiêk cqDl] gSnjkckn Û 2010 & rsyqxq dkO; çHkk] fofoèk dfo] th-ijes'oj] dknfEcuh Dyc] gSnjkckn Û 2010 & le; dk gLrk{kj] M‚-nsojktq egkjktq] vkj-'kkark lqanjh] thou çpqj.kyq] gSnjkckn Û 2011 & egkçLFkkue] JhJh] egkçLFkkue] fueZykuan okRL;k;u] rfjesyk ukfxjsìh eseksfj;y VªLV ¼vkaèkz çns'k½] fot;okMk Û 2012 & ?kqa?kq: okyh NM+h] M‚-f'k[kkef.k] M‚-,e-jax¸;k] vdknfed çfrHkk] ubZ fnYyh Û 2012 & fo'oiqf=duq usuq --- fo'o'kkafr u vkdka{kk] M‚-ihfot;y{eh iafMr] fo'oiqf=dk gw¡ eSa --- fo'o'kkafr dh vkdka{kk gS esjh] M‚-,e-jax¸;k fefyan çdk'ku] gSnjkckn Û 2012 & èkjrh foykieq] M‚-fot;y{eh iafMr] èkjrh dk foyki] M‚-,e-jax¸;k Û tyxhre] ,u-xksfi] tyxhr] ekf.kD;kack ^ef.k*
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&19
miU;kl Û vYithoh] jkpdksaMk fo'oukFk 'kkL=h & vYithoh] cky'kkSfj jsìh] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh Û vleFkqZfu thfor ;k=k] f=iqjusfu xksfipan] vleFkZ dh thou ;k=k] ds-jkekuk;qMw] fganh cqd lsaVj] ubZ fnYyh Û vkf[kjh >ksaiM+h] M‚-ds'ko jsìh] ts-,y-jsìh] us'kuy cqd VªLV] fnYyh Û vkt dh dqarh] 'kkjnk v'kksdoèkZu] n;koarh] fefyan çdk'ku] gSnjkckn Û vkRela?k"kZ] fiaxfy n'kjFkjke] ,l-lwjIiMw] lkfgR; ,tsalh] fnYyh Û vkichrh] varfV ujflage] y{e¸; 'ksêh] fganh lkfgR; HkaMkj] y[kuÅ Û bns ujde bns LoxaZ] cfyokMk dkarkjko] fxjk vu;u u;u fcuq ok.kh] byikoqywfj ikaMqjaxkjko Û mtkys dh rjQ] lh-vkuan jkee] osewfj vkatus; 'kekZ] nf{k.k Hkkjr fganh çpkj lHkk] eækl Û mlus taxy thrk] M‚-ds'ko jsìh] ts-,y-jsìh] us'kuy cqd VªLV] fnYyh Û ,dohjk] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] vacfViwMh guqe¸;k Û dknacjh] jkowfj Hkj}kt] dkSeqnh] cky'kkSfj jsìh] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh Û dqyghuk] dksMofVxafV dqVqacjko] ds-jkekuk;qMw Û dkSlY;k] çksyksçxM lR;ukjk;.k ewfrZ] cky'kkSfj jsìh] us'kuy cqd VªLV] fnYyh Û D;k gS iki\] fpoqdqy iq#"kksÙke] lw;ZukFk mikè;k;] fganh lkfgR; lEeysu] ç;kx Û [kwu dk rkykc] uohu] vkj-'kkark lqanjh Û xnk; dh dgkuh] ,e-f'kojkek—".k] lqeuyrk] HkkxZo çdk'ku] gSnjkckn Û ?kj ls Hkkxk eV: ¼cky miU;kl½] fiYyk lqCckjko 'kkL=h] rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&20
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fot;jk?ko jsìh] cky cqd cSad] eFkqjk@fnYyh ?kkV ds nsork] nk'kjfFk jaxkpk;Z] Hkhelsu fueZy] xhrk çdk'ku] gSnjkckn paæxqIrqfu LoIueq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k & paæxqIr dk LoIu] cky'kkSfj jsìh] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh pnqoq] dksMofVxafV dqVqacjko] i<+kbZ] vkj-'kkark lqanjh fpojdq fefxysnh] cqfPpckcw & vkf[kj tks cpk] n;koarh] us'kuy cqd VªLV] fnYyh tkrjk] cks;k tax¸;k] Hkhelsu fueZy] çxfr ifCyds'kal] uyxksaMk ækSinh] ;kyZxìk y{eh çlkn] ækSinh] ;kyZxìk y{eh çlkn] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn nhf{krqyq] eqfuekf.kD;e ujflEgkjko] Hkhelsu fueZy] ;qx çHkkr] dkyhdV ukjk;.k Hkê] uksfj ujflag 'kkL=h & ukjk;.k Hkê] cky'kkSfj jsìh] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh ukjk;.k jko] vMfo ckfijktq & ukjk;.k jko] jes'k pkSèkjh] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh fu;fr ds iqrys] fifu'ksfê Jhjke ewfrZ] cky'kkSfj jsìh] lLrk lkfgR; eaMy] fnYyh in~efç;k] Mh-lkStU;k] l¸;n esg:u] fefyan çdk'ku] gSnjkckn iq.;Hkwfe % vk¡[ksa [kksyks] chuk nsoh] cky'kkSfj jsìh] fdrkc ?kj] fnYyh isd esMyq] jaxuk;dEek] rk'k ds egy] byikoqywfj ikaMqjaxkjko cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke] eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] M‚-,e-fc-fo-,s-vkj'kekZ] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn] 2007 Hkk";e] vuarjke¸;k] yhyk T;ksfr] nf{k.k Hkkjr çsl] gSnjkckn feêh dk vkneh] okfljsìh lhrk nsoh] ts-,y-jsìh] us'kuy cqd VªLV] fnYyh eqM x, jFk pØ] eqfnxafV lqtkrk jsìh] lqeuyrk] fefyan çdk'ku] gSnjkckn rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&21
Û eksgHkax] f=iqjusfu xksfipan] ih-vkns'ojjko] vuqjkèkk çdk'ku] gSnjkckn Û jkt'ks[kj pfj=] danqdwfj ohjs'kfyaxe iarqyq] cky'kkSfj jsìh] lsrq çdk'ku >kalh Û #æe nsoh] uksfj ujflag 'kkL=h & #æe nsoh] cky'kkSfj jsìh] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh Û fo".kq 'kekZ dh vaxzsth i<+kbZ] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] lh-,pjkeqyq] lhek fçafVx çsl] fnYyh Û osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k & lglzQ.k] ih-oh-ujflEgk jko] Hkkjrh; KkuihB] fnYyh Û 'kj'k¸;k] uohu] yhykorh Û lerk] okfljsìh lhrk nsoh] ch-n;koarh] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û ljdaMs dh >kfM;k¡] çksykçxM jkT;y{eh] nsojkt] fefyan çdk'ku] gSnjkckn Û Lo.kZ {ks= esa Lokxr gS] eèkqjkarde egsaæ] ts-,y-jsìh] us'kuy cqd VªLV] fnYyh Û ge tk dgk¡ jgs gSa] jkexksiky uk;qMq] Vh-osadV uk;qMq] 'kkjnk fçafVx çsl] vuariqj Û gfjtu usrk] çks-,u-th-jaxk] ch-n;koarh] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û gkml ltZu] dksEewfj os.kq xksiky jko] osewfj vkatus; 'kekZ] us'kuy cqd VªLV] fnYyh Û gkjk gqvk vkneh] cfyokM dkarkjko] byikoqywfj ikaMqjaxkjko Û ân;us=h] ekyrh panwj] oSt;arh fo|kFkhZ Û dkyqrqUu iwy rksVk] lyhe] ubZ bekjr ds [kaMgj] ¼vuq½ vkj'kkark lqanjh] 2009] esèkk cqDl] fnYyh
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&22
dgkuh Û 1958 & vVds vk¡lw & 12 dgkfu;k¡] cky'kkSfj jsìh] dyk fudsru] iVuk Û 1960 & rsyqxq dh mR—"V dgkfu;k¡ & 17 dgkfu;k¡] cky'kkSfj jsìh] jk"VªHkk"kk çpkj lfefr] oèkkZ Û 1963 & rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡ & 12 dgkfu;k¡] fofoèk vuqoknd] nf{k.k Hkkjr fganh çpkj lHkk Û 1965 & rsyqxq dh chl dgkfu;k¡] cky'kkSfj jsìh] vkaèkz çns'k fganh lkfgR; vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û 1967 & rsyqxq dh vPNh dgkfu;k¡ & 10 dgkfu;k¡] naMewfM eghèkj o vU;] ¼la½ Hkhelsu fueZy] vkaèkz fo'o lkfgrh] fldanjkckn Û 1971 & rsyqxq dh Js"B dgkfu;k¡ & 9] cky'kkSfj jsìh] fgan i‚dsV cqDl Û 1972 & dFkk Hkkjrh & rsyqxq dgkfu;k¡ &27] bZ-ikaMqjax jko] us'kuy cqd VªLV] ubZ fnYyh Û 1973 & Js"B dgkfu;k¡] osewfj vkatus; 'kekZ] jktiky ,aM lal] fnYyh Û 1975 & oh-vkbZ-ih- & 13] fot;jk?ko jsìh] çnhi çdk'ku] vkxjk Û 1977 & vkaèkz dFkk eatw"kk] vkj-osadV jko] lkfgR; vdkneh] ubZ fnYyh Û 1980 & xksnkojh g¡l iM+h & 20] fofoèk vuqoknd] nf{k.k Hkkjr fganh çpkj lHkk ¼vkaèkz½] gSnjkckn Û 1983 & ,d dyh f[ky mBh & 20] fofoèk vuqoknd] nf{k.k Hkkjr fganh çpkj lHkk ¼vkaèkz½] gSnjkckn Û 1984 & iw.kkZgqfr & 20] fofoèk vuqoknd] nf{k.k Hkkjr fganh çpkj lHkk ¼vkaèkz½] gSnjkckn Û 1985 & eq>s ,d xjhc ifr pkfg, & 9] naMewfM eghèkj] pk¡n dk;kZy;] bykgkckn Û 1985 & f[kyh ,d dyh & 20] fofoèk vuqoknd] vkaèkz çns'k rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&23
Û Û Û Û Û Û Û Û Û Û Û Û Û Û Û
fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn 1987 & Hkkjrh; Js"B dgkfu;k¡ & rsyqxq [kaM & 10] fofoèk vuqoknd] Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk ifj"kn] dksydkrk 1988 & ,d rLohj & 10] naMewfM eghèkj] pk¡n dk;kZy;] bykgkckn 1990 & Hkkjrh; f'k[kj dFkk dks'k] rsyqxq dgkfu;k¡ & 726] naMewfM eghèkj o vU;] iqLrdk;u] ubZ fnYyh 1990 & Hkkjrh; f'k[kj dFkk dks'k] rsyqxq dgkfu;k¡ & 26] fofoèk vuqoknd] Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk ifj"kn] dksydkrk 1990 & _f"kds'k dk iRFkj & 16] ts-,y-jsìh] Hkkjrh; KkuihB] ubZ fnYyh 1990 & yksd eaxy & 11] okbZ-osadVje.k jko] xhrk çdk'ku] gSnjkckn 1991 & tsy dh nhokjksa esa ls ¼okLrfod dgkfu;k¡ &25½] ihrqytk nsoh] rqytk nsoh] gSnjkckn 1991 & mu vk¡[kksa dh dFkk & 15] Hkhelsu fueZy o vU;] Hkkjrh; KkuihB] ubZ fnYyh 1991 & vèkf[kyk dey & 5] ukx ifn~euh] oa'kh çdk'ku] gSnjkckn 1992 & Lo.kZdey & 100] cky'kkSfj jsìh] lkfgR; vdkneh] ubZ fnYyh 1995 & vk¡èkh vkSj vU; dgkfu;k¡ & 18] Hkhelsu fueZy] lkfgR; vdkneh] ubZ fnYyh 1995 & ;K&3] naMewfM eghèkj] us'kuy cqd VªLV bafM;k] ubZ fnYyh 1996 & viZ.k ¼rsyqxq dgkuh laxzg½] fofoèk ys[kd] ,e-jax¸;k] çfrHkk çdk'ku] fldanjkckn 1998 & rsyqxq dh loZJs"B dgkfu;k¡ &23] ikjuafn fueZyk] euq çdk'ku] fnYyh 1998 & rsyqxq dFkk & 1995 & 20] fofoèk vuqoknd] okbZ-lh-ihrsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&24
osadV jsìh] nh{kk çdk'ku] fnYyh Û 1999 & rsyqxq dh Js"B dgkfu;k¡ & 19] okbZ-lh-ih-osadV jsìh] nh{kk çdk'ku] fnYyh Û 2000 & rsyqxq dh gkL;&O;aX; jpuk,¡ & 8] okbZ-lh-ih-osadV jsìh] nh{kk çdk'ku] fnYyh Û 2002 & rsyqxq dh pfpZr dgkfu;k¡ & 25] fot;jk?ko jsìh] vfojke çdk'ku] fnYyh Û 2002 & pfpZr rsyqxq dgkuhdkj vkSj dgkfu;k¡ & 12] fot;jk?ko jsìh] lkfgR; lgdkj] fnYyh Û 2003 & rsyqxq dh 30 çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] fot;jk?ko jsìh] xzaFk çdk'ku] fnYyh Û 2003 & ferok & 12] th-ijes'oj xksydksaMk niZ.k çdk'ku] gSnjkckn Û 2006 & vkRer`fIr] vknwfj osadV lhrkjke ewfrZ] ikjuafn fueZyk] mÙkj çns'k fganh laLFkku] y[kuÅ Û 2007 & [katj vkSj [katu ¼5 yach dgkfu;k¡½] fot;jk?ko jsìh] t;Hkkjrh çdk'ku] bykgkckn Û 2008 & vdsyh uko dh vkgV ¼vkSj vU; rsyqxq dh pquh gqbZ dgkfu;k¡½] ladyu vkSj vuqokn & dksfEe'ksfê eksgu] ljLorh çdk'ku] ohjiquk;qfuiYyh ¼dMik ftyk½ Û 2008 & çdk'k dh [kkst esa----] vksYxk] ds-yhykorh] xkSjh ifCyds'kUl] fo'kk[kkiêue Û 2009 & rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx&2] fofoèk ys[kd] jkpdksaMk cgusa] us'kuy ifCyds'kUl ,aM cqd fMLVªhC;wVlZ] fnYyh Û 2010 & rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx&1] fofoèk ys[kd] ikjuafn fueZyk] us'kuy ifCyds'kUl ,aM cqd fMLVªhC;wVlZ] fnYyh Û 2010 & rsyqxq dh pquh gqbZ dgkfu;k¡] fofoèk ys[kd] ikjuafn fueZyk] vkdk'k ifCy'klZ ,aM fMLVªhC;wVlZ] xkft;kckn Û 2010 & rsyqxq dh ekud y?kqdFkk,¡] fofoèk ys[kd] ikjuafn fueZyk] p;u ,oa laiknu & cyjke vxzoky] feÙky ,aM lal] rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&25
Û Û Û Û Û
fnYyh 2011 & nks varyksZd ¼t;afr ikikjko dh pfpZr dgkfu;k¡½] ,l'ks"kkjRue] ds-ds-ifCyds'kUl] ubZ fnYyh 2011 & rsyqxq dh pfpZr dgkfu;k¡] fofoèk ys[kd] ikjuafn fueZyk] lkfgR; laLFkku] xkft;kckn 2012 & rsyqxq dh ekud dgkfu;k¡] fofoèk ys[kd] ikjuafn fueZyk] feÙky ,aM lal] fnYyh 2012 & xqynLrk ¼efgyk dFkkdkjksa dh dgkfu;k¡½] vkj-'kkark lqanjh] fefyan çdk'ku] gSnjkckn 2012 & >jks[kk ¼ledkyhu rsyqxq dgkfu;k¡½] vkj-'kkark lqanjh] eatqy ifCyf'kax gkml] Hkksiky
fofoèk Û in~ekdj &2 ¼fucaèk½] fofoèk ys[kd] Hkhelsu fueZy] vkaèkz çns'k lkfgR; vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û 1956 & jkteUukj ds lkr ,dkadh ¼,dkadh½] jkteUukj] Hkhelsu fueZy] fganh çpkj lHkk] gSnjkckn Û 1959 & vkaèkzqy lkaf?kd pfj=eq ¼bfrgkl½] lqjojke çrki jsìh] vkaèkz dk lkekftd bfrgkl] vkj-osadV jko] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh Û 1963 & unh lqanjh ¼,dkadh½] vCcwjfj jke—".k jko] Hkhelsu fueZy] ;qx çHkkr] dkyhdV Û 1976 & rsyqxq ,dkadh] fofoèk ys[kd] naMewfM eghèkj] us'kuy cqd VªLV bafM;k] ubZ fnYyh Û 1981 & xqjtkMk ¼thouh½] oh-vkj-ukyZ] ikaMqjaxk jko] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh Û 1981 & iksruk ¼thouh½] M‚-osadVkoèkkuh] vkbZ- ikaMqjaxk jko] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh Û 1982 & osne osadVjk; 'kkL=h ¼thouh½] osne osadVjk; 'kkL=h twfu;j] vkbZ- ikaMqjaxk jko] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&26
Û 1982 & futkeq ¼ukVd½] jkpdksaMk fo'oukFk 'kkL=h & lR; ,d ngdrk vaxkjk] n;koarh] jfo çdk'ku] gSnjkckn Û 1982 & ohjs'kfyaxe ¼thouh½] oh-vkj-ukyZ] ,-jes'k pkSèkjh] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh Û 1983 & Hkk"kkfoKku vkSj Hkk"kk f'k{k.k ¼Hkk"kk 'kkL=½] ds-oh-,yujflag jko] okbZ-osadVje.k jko] vUuiw.kkZ çdk'ku] dkuiqj Û 1985 & thou laxzkeeq] jkowfj Hkj}kt] thou laxzke] osewfj gfjukjk;.k] ckykth xzaFk ekyk] gSnjkckn Û 1987 & ;s enZ Hkh dSls gSa\ ¼,dkadh½] fofoèk ys[kd] Hkhelsu fueZy rFkk vU;] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û 1992 & M‚-lh-vkj-jsìh ¼thouh½] Mh-vkatus;qyw] fot;jk?ko jsìh] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh Û 1992 & oseuk ¼thouh½] oh-vkj-ukyZ] ,-jes'k pkSèkjh] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh Û 1993 & ekuo esa ekuo ¼fucaèk½] vV~ywfj osadVs'oj jko] Hkhelsu fueZy] yksdHkkjrh çdk'ku] bykgkckn Û 1993 & :i uohure ¼ukVd½] jk;çksyq lqCckjko] Hkhelsu fueZy] yksdHkkjrh çdk'ku] bykgkckn Û 1993 & Js"B yfyr fucaèk & rsyqxq [kaM] fofoèk ys[kd] ih-ohujlk jsìh rFkk vU;] Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk ifj"kn] dksydkrk Û 1995 & lkfgR;sfrgkl % jpuk vkSj lajpuk ¼bfrgkl ys[ku fofèk½] th-oh-lqczã.;e] lh-,p-jkeqyq vkSj oh-—".k] vUuiw.kkZ çdk'ku] dkuiqj Û 1995 & èkeZoje jke—".kkpk;Z ¼thouh½] ih-,l-vkj-vIikjko] ihoh-ujlk jsìh] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh Û 1996 & 'kadk&lekèkku] ¼ç'uksÙkj½] Hkhelsu fueZy] Jh x.kifr lfPpnkuan] okXnsoh VªLV] gSnjkckn Û 1996 & Jh xq#xhrk ¼O;k[;k@Vhdk½] Jh x.kifr lfPpnkuan Lokehth] Hkhelsu fueZy] Jh x.kifr lfPpnkuan okXnsoh VªLV] gSnjkckn rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&27
Û 1996 & vUuekpk;Z ¼thouh½] vMik jke—".k jko] fot;jk?ko jsìh] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh Û 1996 & rsyqxq dh gkL;&O;aX; jpuk,¡ ¼8 dgkfu;k¡] 15 gkL; x|½] fofoèk ys[kd] okbZ-lh-ih-osadV jsìh] fn'kk çdk'ku] fnYyh Û 1997 & gekjs çfl) rhFkZ LFkku ¼x| ys[k½] byikoqywfj ikaMqjaxk jko] fot;jk?ko jsìh] us'kuy cqd VªLV bafM;k] fnYyh Û 1997 & rfud mtkys ds fy, ¼yfyr x|½] jkowfj Hkj}kt] Hkhelsu fueZy] ckykth ifCyds'kUl] gSnjkckn Û 1997 & vkaèkz laL—fr ¼fo'o dks'k½] rsyqxq Hkk"kk lfefr ds }kjk rsyqxq esa çdkf'kr vkaèkz laL—fr [kaM dh çfof"V;ksa dk vuqokn] fofoèk vuqoknd] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û 1998 & vkaèkz dk bfrgkl ¼fo'o dks'k½] rsyqxq Hkk"kk lfefr ds }kjk rsyqxq esa çdkf'kr bfrgkl [kaM dh çfof"V;ksa dk vuqokn] fofoèk vuqoknd] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û 1998 & Jh x.kifr lfPpnkuan Lokehth ¼thouh½] Hkhelsu fueZy] dkcjk ,tqds'ku] gSnjkckn Û 1998 & dU;k'kqYde ¼ukVd] laf{kIr :i½] xqjtkMk osadV vIikjko] Hkhelsu fueZy] fganh çpkj lHkk] gSnjkckn Û 1998 & dU;k'kqYde ¼ukVd½] xqjtkMk osadV vIikjko] fc-fovkbZ-vkj-'kekZ] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û 1998 & Jh nÙkn'kZue ¼n'kZu 'kkL=½] Jh x.kifr lfPpnkuan Lokehth] Hkhelsu fueZy] nÙkihBe VªLV] eSlwj Û 1998 & l'ks"k ¼ukVd½] jkowfj Hkj}kt] 'kdqaryk jsìh] ckykth xzaFkekyk] gSnjkckn Û 1998 & dfo lsuk eSfuQsLVks] xqaVwj 'ks"ksaæ 'kekZ] vkèkqfud dkO;'kkL= ¼dkO;'kkL=½] okbZ-osadVje.k jko] yksdHkkjrh çdk'ku] bykgkckn Û Jh Jh Jh x.kifr lfPpnkuan Lokeh dh vkRedFkk ¼vkRedFkk½] Hkhelsu fueZy] nÙkihBe VªLV] eSlwj Û 1999 & xq# lafgrk ¼xq# pfj=½] Hkhelsu fueZy] voèkwr fo|kihBe] eSlwj rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&28
Û 1999 & Js"B Hkkjrh; ,dkadh & rsyqxq [kaM &6] fofoèk ys[kd] ih-oh-ujlk jsìh rFkk vU;] Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk ifj"kn] dydrk Û 1999 & vej f'kYih ¼ukVd½] dksosy lairdqekjkpk;Z] fpyqdqekjh latho] Jh ekul çdk'ku] guedksaMk Û Jh iq#"kksÙke dfo ds fganqLrkuh ukVd ¼ukVd½] laiknu ,oa fyI;arj.k & ds-'kkjnk] nf{k.kkapyh; lkfgR; lfefr] gSnjkckn Û fueZyk ¼ukVd½] ih-oh-jkteUukj] cky'kkSfj jsìh] KkuihB çdk'ku] ubZ fnYyh Û ubZ èkjrh ¼,dkadh½] ukyZ osadVs'oj jko] cky'kkSfj jsìh] Hkkjrh; KkuihB] ubZ fnYyh Û 'kghn vYywjh lhrkjkejktq ¼ukVd½] iMky jkejko] osewfj vkatus; 'kekZ] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û Lo.kZ gal ¼'kkL= xzaFk½] xqaVwj 'ks"ksaæ 'kekZ] txnh'k 'kekZ] bafM;u ysaXost Qksje] gSnjkckn Û fr#ifr osadV doqyq ¼thouh½] ,l-—".kewfrZ] osewfj vkatus; 'kekZ] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh Û Jh Jh ¼thouh½] cwnjktq jkèkk—".k] rDdksyq ekfp jsìh] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh Û rsyqxq Le`fr lkfgR; esa chloha 'krkCnh ds egku ys[kd % M‚-jkowfj Hkj}kt] ¼leh{kk½] iVuky lqèkkdj] ,u-oh-,l-çlkn] fefyan çdk'ku] gSnjkckn Û 2000 & ns'k ckaèkuh ¼ukVd½] oklk çHkkorh] Hkkxorqy lhrk dqekjh] oklk çdk'ku] gSnjkckn Û 2001 & nsoky;ky ehn cwrq cksEeysanqdw\] ¼vkykspuk½] rkfi èkekZjko] nsoky;ksa ij feFkqu ewfrZ;k¡ D;ksa\] l-olark] jkèkk—".k isij cSDl] fnYyh Û 2001 & fookgeq % Lo:ieq] fodkleq] rkfi èkekZjko] fookg % Lo:i vkSj fodkl & l-olark] jkèkk—".k isijcSDl] fnYyh Û 2001 & yksgs dh dej isfV;k¡] rkfi èkekZjko] l-olark] jkèkk—".k isijcSDl] fnYyh rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&29
Û vuqokn fl)kareq % leL;yq&lekèkkukyq ¼vuqokn 'kkL=½] jkpeYyq jkepaæk jsìh] vuqokn fl)kar % leL;k,¡ vkSj lekèkku] ts-,yjsìh] lkfgR; vdkneh] fnYyh Û 2006 & bZ vMfo euns] ih-'kadj] ;g taxy gekjk ¼naMdkj.; ds Økafrdkjh vkanksyu dk bfrgkl½] ikjuafn fueZyk] U;w foLVkl ifCyds'kUl] fnYyh Û 2008 & esjh thou ;k=k] VaxqVwfj çdk'ke iarqyq] osewfj jkèkk—".k ewfrZ] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û 2009 & fofoèkk ¼ledkyhu rsyqxq lkfgR; dh fofHkUu foèkkvksa dk fof'k"V ladyu½] p;u ,oa vuqokn % fuf[kys'oj] f{kfrt çdk'ku] fnYyh Û 2011 & danqdwfj ohjs'kfyaxe] odqyk Hkj.k jke—".k] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] us'kuy cqd VªLV bafM;k] fnYyh Û rsyqxq gh çkphu ¼rsyqxq Hkk"kk dh çkphurk ls lacafèkr iqLrd ^rsyqxq çkphueq* dk fganh vuqokn½] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û lglz o"kksaZ dk rsyqxq lkfgR; ¼^os¸;sYyk rsyqxq osyqxq* dk fganh vuqokn½] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û vkaèkz dk lkekftd bfrgkl ¼^vkaèkzqy lkekftd pfj=* dk fganh vuqokn½] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û vkaèkz çns'k esa fganh lkfgR; ds fodkl dk bfrgkl ¼vkys[kksa dk laxzg½] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û vkaèkz çns'k esa fganh çpkj vkanksyu dk bfrgkl ¼vkys[kksa dk laxzg½] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û nkf{k.kkR;ksa dh u`R;dyk dk bfrgkl ¼^nf{k.kkR;qy u`R;dyk pfj=* dk fganh vuqokn½] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û vkaèkz çns'k dk lkaL—frd i;ZVu {ks= vkSj yksd dyk,¡ ¼^vkaèkz çns'k lkaL—frd i;ZVu {ks=kyq efj;w tkuin dGyq* dk fganh vuqokn½ Û rsyqxq Hkk"kk dk bfrgkl ¼^rsyqxq Hkk"kk pfj=* dk fganh vuqokn½] rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&30
vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û rsyaxkuk bfrgkl] laL—fr] tuthou ¼^rsyaxkuk pfj=] laL—fr] tuthoueq* dk fganh vuqokn½] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn Û M‚-cstokMk xksiky jsìh dh vkRedFkk ¼vkaèkz ds iwoZ eq[;ea=h ,oa mÙkj çns'k ds iwoZ jkT;iky M‚-ch-xksiky jsìh dh vkRedFkk½] vkaèkz çns'k fganh vdkneh] gSnjkckn
Û
Û
[3]
lzksr Hkk"kk dh 'kCnkoyh dk çlkj vuqokn nks Hkk"kklektksa ds chp lkekftd] lkaL—frd vkSj Hkkf"kd lsrq dk dke djrk gS- rsyqxq ls fganh esa vuwfnr lkfgR; ds ekè;e ls vkaèkz çns'k ds lkekftd&lkaL—frd ifjos'k ls tqM+h O;kid tkudkjh fganh lekt rd igq¡ph gSbl tkudkjh dks ogu djus okyh cgqr lh 'kCnkoyh ,slh gS tks ;k rks fganh Hkk"kklekt esa vis{kk—r de çpfyr gS] ;k gS gh ugha- rsyqxq ls fganh esa vuwfnr dqN ikBksa ds fo'ys"k.k ij vkèkkfjr ,slh 'kCnkoyh ds dfri; mnkgj.k fuEuor gSa & Û vxzgkj & jktk egkjktkvksa }kjk czkã.kksa dks nku esa fn;k x;k xk¡o ¼dU;k'kqYde] xqjtkMk vIikjko] ¼vuq½ M‚-Hkhelsu fueZy] i`-la-23½ Û vIik & ^firk*- ¼eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke ¼vuq½ M‚-,e-fc-fo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la- 604½ Û v"Vkoèkkue & ;g rsyqxq lkfgR; vkSj laL—fr dh ,d fof'k"V çfØ;k ¼foèkk½ gS- voèkku djus okys dks voèkkuh dgrs gSa- vkB i`PNd vkB vyx vyx fo"k;ksa dks] tks fuEufyf[kr çdkj gSa] iwNrs gSa- voèkkuh var esa lcdks lgh <ax ls mÙkj nsrk gS- blds fy, èkkj.kk 'kfä dh vko';drk gksrh gS- v"Vkoèkkue ds vkB fo"k; gksrs gSa & ¼1½ leL;kiwj.k] ¼2½ fu"ksèkk{kjh] ¼3½ O;Lrk{kjh] rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&31
Û
Û
Û Û Û
Û Û
¼4½ nÙkk{kjh] ¼5½ vçLrqr ç'kalk] ¼6½ vkdk'k iqjk.k] ¼7½ ?kafV;ksa dks fxuuk vkSj ¼8½ 'krjat- ¼eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke ¼vuq½ M‚-,e-fc-fo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la- 602½ vkfgrkfXu & tks çfrfnu rhu ckj gou djrk gS- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`la- 27½ ÅèoZiqaMª & og [kM+k gqvk Vhdk tks oS".ko yksx yxkrs gSa¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 39½ vksaxksy & vkaèkz çns'k ds xqaVwj ftys dh ,d rglhy tgk¡ u`R; xku lacaèkh çkphu ijaijkvksa ds ikjaxr dykdkjksa ds oa'k fo|eku gSa- vksaxksy ds lkaM e'kgwj gSa- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 221½ dU;k'kqYd & 'kqYd vnk djds dU;kvksa dks foØ; djus dh dqçFkk- dHkh dHkh xHkZLFk f'k'kqvksa ds fy, Hkh eksy&rksy fd;k tkrk Fkk- ¼dU;k'kqYde] xqjtkMk vIikjko] ¼vuq½ Hkhelsu fueZy] çFke laLdj.k dh Hkwfedk½ dEek & vkaèkz çns'k dh ,d mPp tkfr dkiq & vkaèkz çns'k dh ,d mPp tkfr ¼eksDDikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke ¼vuq½ M‚-,e-fc-fo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la- 603½ dwfpiwMh & vkaèkz çns'k ds —".kk ftys dk ,d xk¡o ftlds uke ls HkjrukVîe dh dwfpiwMh 'kSyh çfl) gS- bl 'kSyh dks fln~/ksanz uked ;ksxh us çpfyr fd;k Fkk- vkt ;g ukVî 'kSyh lkjs Hkkjr esa gh ugha cfYd fons'kksa esa Hkh lqçfln~/k gS- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 57½ —fr & R;kxjkt ds in- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 205½ x.kkpkjh & og L=h tks xzkeh.k çFkk ds vuqlkj vfookfgr jgrh gS vkSj ftls yksx nSoh ladsr dk ekè;e ekurs gSa- bl dkj.k og xzkeh.k lekt esa lEekU; le>h tkrh gS- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&32
lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 15½ Û xksiqj & eafnj dk f'k[kj ¼varjax ds fp=] M‚-fpYyj Hkokuh nsoh] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] i`la- 69½ Û ?kj dk uke & vkaèkz çkar esa gj ,d O;fä ds uke ds igys] mlds iwoZt ftl xk¡o esa jgrs Fks ml xk¡o ds uke ds vkèkkj ij ;k muds O;olk; ds vkèkkj ij] uke tksM+k tkrk gS- og ih<+h nj ih<+h pyrk vkrk gS tSls mÙkj Hkkjr esa f}osnh] f=osnh ;k prqosZnh vkfn uke ds var esa tksM+k tkrk gS- ¼eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke] ¼vuq½ M‚-,e-fc-fo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la- 602½ Û pqêk & nf{k.k Hkkjr esa iq#"kksa ds vfrfjä fuEuoxZ dh fL=;k¡ rEckdw ds iÙks dks jksy djds chM+h ls Hkh cM+s vkdkj esa cukdj èkweziku djrh gSa- fganh esa pqjV dgrs gSaÛ psUukiê.ke & ,d tekus esa ¼vFkkZr vkaèkz foHkktu ls iwoZ½ psUubZ vkSj vkaèkz çns'k nksuksa ,dlkFk Fks- mls psUukiê.ke dgrs Fks¼eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke] ¼vuq½ M‚-,e-fcfo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la-66½ Û tkoyh & Ük`axkj jl iw.kZ in- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 63½ Û tqM+ok¡ dfo & tc nks dfo ,d gh Nan ds ,d i| ds Øe'k% ,d ,d ikn dks iwjk djrs gSa rks mu dfo;ksa dks tqM+ok¡ dfo dgrs gSa- ¼eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke ¼vuq½ M‚-,efc-fo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la- 603½ Û rjax & vkaèkz çns'k ds egku okXxs;dkj Lokeh ukjk;.k rhFkZ fojfpr laL—r ;{kxku ukVd ^Jh—".kyhyk rjafx.kh* ds eèkqj xhr- ¼osf ;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-ohujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 221½ Û ryaczkyq & vkaèkz çns'k ds ?kjksa esa fookg ds le; eaxylw= èkkj.k djus ds ckn iqjksfgrksa ds ea=ksa dks i<+rs le; ryaczkyq ¼gYnh ls feyk, x, pkoy ftlesa FkksM+k lk ?kh Hkh feyk;k tkrk gS½ oj rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&33
Û
Û
Û Û
Û Û
Û Û
vkSj oèkw ,d nwljs ij Mkyrs gSa- ;g cgqr gh fouksn Hkfjr ?kVuk gS- ¼eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke ¼vuq½ M‚-,efc-fo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la- 603½ fr#pw.kZ & gYnh vkSj pkoy feykdj ihlk gqvk pw.kZ ftlls oS".ko yksx fryd yxkrs gSa- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 37½ nksjk & tc Hkkjr esa vaxzstksa dk 'kklu py jgk Fkk vkaèkz ds yksx vaxzst vfèkdkfj;ksa dks] 'osr tkfrokyksa dks ^nksjk* ¼çHkq ds vFkZ esa½ dg dj lacksfèkr fd;k djrs Fks- vkt Hkh ogh ç;ksx Hkkjrh; vfèkdkfj;ksa ds çfr Hkh fd;k tkrk gS- ¼eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke ¼vuq½ M‚-,e-fc-fo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la- 603½ nksjlkuh & ^nksjk* 'kCn dk L=h fyax :i- ¼eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke ¼vuq½ M‚-,e-fc-fo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la- 603½ ujlkjkoisV & ujlkjkoisV vkaèkz çns'k ds xqaVwj ftys esa ,d 'kgj dk uke gS tgk¡ ,d fo'ks"k çdkj dh [kkV vkSj dqflZ;ka rS;kj dh tkrh Fkha ftUgsa ljdkjh vfèkdkjh dgha dSai ij tkus ds fy, ys tkrs Fks- mudh lqfoèkk ;g Fkh fd mUgsa rg djds ,d FkSys esa j[kdj vklkuh ls ys tk ldrs Fks- blfy, mudks rsyqxq esa ^eMr eapeq* ¼Folding Cot½ vkSj ^eMr dqphZ* ¼Folding Chair½ dgrs gSa- mUgsa ^dSai eapeq* ¼Camp Cot½ Hkh dgk tkrk gS- ¼eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke ¼vuq½ M‚-,efc-fo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la- 603½ uk;qMq & vkaèkz çns'k dh ,d mPp tkfr fu;ksxh & vkaèkz çns'k ds czkã.kksa dh ,d 'kk[kk tks iVokjhfxjh ¼jktuSfrd ;k ç'kklfud dk;Zdyki½ tSls dke] jktk ls fu;qä gksdj djrh gS- ¼dU;k'kqYde] xqjktkMk vIikjko] ¼vuq½ M‚Hkhelsu fueZy] i`-la-52½ fiydk & czkã.kksa dh pksVh ¼eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke] ¼vuq½ M‚-,e-fc-fo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la- 19½ iksjkecksd tehu & og ljdkjh tehu tks lkèkkj.kr% [ksrh ds rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&34
;ksX; ugha gksrh- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 51½ Û canj & vkaèkz çns'k ds —".kk ftys esa ,d 'kgj dk uke gS canj- bls vc eNyhiêue dgk tkrk gS- ;gk¡ ux tM+s vkHkw"k.k rS;kj fd, tkrs gSa ftUgsa HkjrukVîe vkSj dwfpiwM+h dykdkj mi;ksx djrs gSacanj yìw ds fy, Hkh çfl) gS- ¼eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke] ¼vuq½ M‚-,e-fc-fo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la- 66½ Û Hkxsyk & [ksrh esa fu;qä ukSdj- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 15½ Û HkjrukVîe & og çfl) ukVî ç.kkyh tks eq[;r% nf{k.k Hkkjr esa çpfyr gS- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ihoh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 57½ Û Hkkxor & vkaèkz çns'k ds xzkeh.k çkarksa esa dbZ çdkj ds ukVdksa dk ç;ksx çpfyr gS- ^Hkkxor* os vfHkusrk gksrs gSa] tks Hkxoku dh yhyk lacaèkh ukVdksa dk çn'kZu djrs gSa- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 52½ Û Hkkekdyki & lR;Hkkek ds Ük`axkj jliw.kZ euksHkkoksa dk ,d –'; çcaèk tks vkaèkz çkar esa çfl) vkSj yksdfç; gS- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 57½ Û ej psacq & ,d çdkj dk dy'k gS tks eækl çkar esa ¼psUubZ esa½ dke esa yk;k tkrk Fkk- ,d cM+s dy'k esa NksVk fxykl gksrk gS vkSj mls can djus ds fy, <Ddu gksrk gS ftls e'khu dh rjg ?kqekus ls can gksrk gS- e'khu dks rsyqxq esa ^ej* dgrs gSa vkSj ^psacq* dk vFkZ gS dy'k- ¼eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke] ¼vuq½ M‚-,e-fc-fo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la- 602½ Û ;{kxku & vkaèkz çns'k ds tDdq ¼;{k½ uked ,d tkfr ds dykdkjksa }kjk çLrqr fd;k tkus okyk u`R;xhrkRed dyk çn'kZu- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-ohujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 224½ rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&35
Û ;safd ikVyq & rsyqxq dk çfl) rFkk vR;ar yksdfç; yksdxhr ftldk bfro`Ùk ,d xzkeh.k ;qod vkSj ;qorh dh çsexkFkk gS¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 231½ Û #æikn & f'koth ds pj.k ftUgsa Hkäksa ds eLrd ij fVdk;k tkrk gS- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-ohujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 38½ Û jsìh & vkaèkz çns'k dh ,d mPp tkfr Û foeku & eafnj ds xHkkZy; ds Åij cuk gqvk Bksl fuekZ.k tks fd mÙkjksÙkj lwP;k—fr èkkj.k djrk gS- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 449½ Û fo".kq pj.k & nf{k.k esa fo".kq eafnjksa esa lksus&pk¡nh ds cus pj.k çlkn ds :i esa Hkäksa ds flj ij fVdk, tkrs gSa- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 72½ Û osèkok & ^foèkok* 'kCn ls cuh gqbZ xkyh- ¼dU;k'kqYde] xqjtkMk vIikjko] ¼vuq½ M‚-Hkhelsu fueZy] i`-la- 66½ Û oSfndh & vkaèkz çns'k ds LekrZ laçnk; ds czkã.kksa dh çèkkur;k nks 'kk[kk,¡ gSa & oSfndh vkSj fu;ksxh- oSfndh ¼osn lacaèkh½ 'kkL=ksa dk vè;;u vkSj vè;kiu djus okys iafMrksa dks oSfndh dgrs Fks¼cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke] eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] ¼vuq½ M‚-,e-fcfo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la- 602½ Û oS'o nso & og gkse tks fo'o nsorkvksa ds çhR;FkZ fd;k tkrk gS¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 27½ Û 'kV dksi & Lokeh@ Hkxoku ds pj.k tks Hkäksa ds eLrd ij fVdk, tkrs gSa- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ihoh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 184½ Û 'ksêh & {kf=; ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ihoh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 25½ rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&36
dksbZ Hkh vuqokn rc rd lkFkZd ugha dgk tk ldrk tc rd fd og lzksr Hkk"kklekt dh lkaL—frd fo'ks"krkvksa dks y{; Hkk"kklekt rd laçsf"kr u djs- lkfgfR;d ikB esa laL—fr varèkkZjk dh Hkk¡fr lekbZ gksrh gS- blfy, lkfgfR;d vuqokn ds
ekè;e ls ;g varèkkZjk ,d Hkk"kk leqnk; ls nwljs Hkk"kk leqnk; dks LFkkukarfjr gksrh gS vkSj vutkus gh lgt Hkko ls y{; Hkk"kkHkk"kh lzksr Hkk"kk dh laL—fr ls lehirk çkIr djrk tkrk gS- dgk tk ldrk gS fd bl dk;Z ds fy, lhèks lhèks laL—fr lacaèkh iqLrdsa Hkh rks i<+h tk ldrh gSa- bldk mÙkj ;g gS fd lkfgR; vius ikBd dks lhèks lhèks lekt'kkL= vkSj laL—fr ugha i<+krk cfYd dkarklfEer mins'k djrk gS & vKkr :i esa] lgtrkiwoZd bu fo"k;ksa esa ikBd dh psruk dks laLdkfjr djrk gS- fganh esa vk, rsyqxq lkfgR; ds dqN ikBksa dk foospu djus ls ;g irk pyrk gS fd buds ekè;e ls rsyqxq Hkk"kklekt rFkk vkaèkz çns'k dh vusd lekt&lkaL—frd ijaijkvksa vkSj çFkkvksa ds lacaèk esa çkekf.kd lwpuk,¡ lgt gh fganh ikBd dks çkIr gks tkrh gSa- mnkgj.k ds fy, ;fn tUe ls tqM+s laLdkjksa vkSj çFkkvksa dh ppkZ djsa rks irk pyrk gS fd cPps ds ekek dks dqN jLesa ¼tSls] uky dkVuk½ fuHkkuh gksrh gSa- yglqu Mkydj mckys x, rsy esa cPps dk psgjk ns[kk tkrk gSHkwr&çsr dks Hkxkus ds fy, ea= ti fd;k tkrk gS- nlosa fnu çlwrk ds iwjs 'kjhj ij gYnh dk ysi yxkdj Luku djk;k tkrk gS- cPps ds ikyus ij uhe dh Vgfu;k¡ ckaèkh tkrh gSa-1 cPpk cM+k gksrk gS rks fo|kjaHk laLdkj fd;k tkrk gS- bl volj ij Hkkst dk vk;kstu gksrk gS-2 mYys[kuh; gS fd fo|kjaHk ds fy, 'kqHk eqgwrZ fudkyk tkrk gS- 'kkL=ksä fofèk ls eqaMu djk;k tkrk gS- rc iafMrth cPps dh maxyh idM+dj dPps pkoyksa ij ^¬ * fy[kokrs gSa-3 blds ckn iafMrth dks èkksrh dk ,d tksM+k vkSj rkacwy esa j[kdj nf{k.kk nh tkrh gScPpksa esa xqM+&puk forfjr fd;k tkrk gSnf{k.k Hkkjr esa ;Kksiohr vFkok miu;u laLdkj Hkh èkweèkke ls euk;k tkrk gS- dqN yksx bls fookg dh igyh lh<+h Hkh ekurs
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&37
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&38
Û flag rykV & fo}Ùkk] cgknqjh vFkok fdlh dyk esa fof'k"V çfrHkk j[kus ds miy{; esa fn;k tkus okyk lksus dk daxu ftldk Åijh ry flag&eq[k dh vk—fr dk gksrk gS- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 132½ Û fln~/kkarh & iqjksfgr ¼dU;k'kqYde] xqjktkMk vIikjko] ¼vuq½ M‚Hkhelsu fueZy] i`-la-50½ Û lkse;kth & ftlus ;K fd;k gks] ,slk czkã.k- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 27½ Û gfjdFkk & vkaèkz çns'k esa ;g ,d çfln~/k foèkk gS ftlds }kjk yksxksa esa Hkfä dk çpkj cgqr tksjksa ij gksrk Fkk- bldk çn'kZu djus okyksa dks ^Hkkxorj* dgrs gSa- os jkek;.k] egkHkkjr vkSj Hkkxor dh dFkkvksa dks jkx vkSj rky ds ekè;e ls y;c) djds e`nax vkSj ok;fyu ds lg;ksx ls xkrs gq, vfHku; djrs gq,] uojlksa dk iks"k.k djrs gq, Jksrkvksa dks rUe; djrs gSa- olar uojkf=] Jhjkeuoeh] x.kifr uojkf=] tUek"Veh] nqxkZ"Veh vkfn ioZ fnuksa esa budk çcaèk fd;k tkrk gS- ¼cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke] eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] ¼vuq½ M‚-,e-fc-fo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la- 602½ Û gsekgseh & eu dh ckr tkuus okyk ¼nhoky] okjky —".kewfrZ] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] i`-la- 102½
[4]
lkaL—frd lanHkZ
gSa- miu;u laLdkj ds fy, fofèkor 'kqHk eqgwrZ fudkyk tkrk gS] HkkbZ&caèkq&fj'rsnkj nwj nwj ls vkrs gSa- oVqd dks dkSihu] f'k[kk] tusÅ] naM] fHk{kk ik= èkkj.k djuk gksrk gS- dgus dh t:jr ugha fd ;g laLdkj mÙkj vkSj mÙkjiwoZ ds Hkh vusd Hkk"kklektksa esa blh :i esa ik;k tkrk gS- vuqokn bu Hkk"kklektksa dks ,d nwljs dh ,slh lekurkvksa ls ifjfpr djkrs gq, buds vkilh lacaèk dks lq–<+ djrk gS- eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h ds miU;kl ^cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke* esa bl laLdkj dk jkspd fooj.k fn;k x;k gS-4 fookg ls tqM+s laLdkj vR;ar O;kid vkSj yksdfç; gSa- fganh lekt esa flanwj vkSj lkr Qsjs dks tks egRo çkIr gS] rsyqxq lekt esa eaxylw= mlh egRo dk vfèkdkjh gS5Lej.kh; gS fd nf{k.k Hkkjr esa gYnh esa fHkxks, gq, eksVs èkkxs ¼rkyh½ esa nks xksy xksy <Dduksa dh rjg eaxylw= fijks;k tkrk gS- bl èkkxs dks fookg ds volj ij ea=ksPpkj ds lkFk oj }kjk oèkw ds xys esa iguk;k tkrk gS- lkFk gh oèkw dks dkys eksfr;ksa dk gkj Hkh iguk;k tkrk gS-6 ;g Hkh tkudkjh egRoiw.kZ gS fd 'kknh ds le; lQsn lwr dh lkM+h dks gYnh esa Mqcksdj iwtk ds ckn oèkw dks iguk;k tkrk gS-7 ek;ds dh vksj ls fn, tkusokys migkj ¼L=hèku½ dks ^gYnh&dqadqe* dgk tkrk gS-8 fookg laLdkj dh ldq'ky laiUurk ij oj&oèkw ds chp ,d yky inkZ djds oj&oèkw }kjk ,d nwljs ds flj ij eaxy v{kr Mkys tkrs gSa rFkk blds ckn og inkZ muds flj ij vks<+k fn;k tkrk gS-9 oj&oèkw dh utj mrkjus ds fy, xys esa panu yxk;k tkrk gS- ,d vU; jLe ds varxZr oj [kM+k gksdj oèkw dks ck¡gksa esa mBkrk gS-10 dM+ik ftys esa ;g fjokt gS fd fonkbZ ds volj ij oèkw njokts ds nksuksa vksj maxfy;ksa dh Nki yxkrh gS-11 eqfLye leqnk; esa oj dks oèkw dk psgjk ?kw¡?kV esa ls niZ.k }kjk fn[kk;k tkrk gS vkSj oj 'kqHklwpd ds :i esa
oèkw dks vaxwBh igukrk gS-12 eqfLye leqnk; esa 'kqØkuk] fudkg] oyhek vkSj ik¡p tqekuh dh jLeksa dk Hkh mYys[k feyrk gS-13 fookg ds volj ij fL=;k¡ Hkkjh js'keh vkSj tjh dh lkfM+;k¡ igurh gSa] Qwyksa ls ds'k lTtk djrh gSa] iSjksa esa gYnh yxkrh gSa] oj&oèkw ij eaxylwpd v{kr Qsadrh gSa-14 rkM+] ukfj;y vkSj dsys ds iÙkksa dk fofHkUu 'kqHk voljksa ij lkt&lTtk ds fy, mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS- ;gk¡ rd fd fookg ds volj ij 'kkfe;kuk rkM+ ds iÙkksa ls cuk;k tkrk gS-15 fookg vkfn 'kqHk voljksa ij vkxarqdksa dk Lokxr xhys panu }kjk fd;k tkrk gS tks fdlh lqgkfxu }kjk Fkkyh esa j[kdj çLrqr fd;k tkrk gS-16 'kknh dh ,d jLe vkSj gS ftlesa nwYgk vkSj nqYgu dks ,d nwljs dh twBu [kkuh gksrh gS-17 dqN le; iwoZ rd vkaèkz çns'k esa ik¡p fnu dk fookgksRlo gksrk Fkk- bl mRlo ls tqM+s vusd çlax vuwfnr lkfgR; esa fo|eku gSa- 'kkfe;kuk] vxjcÙkh dh [kq'kcw] vkSjrksa dh js'keh lkfM+;ksa dh rM+d HkM+d] panu ds ysi] pesyh ds Qwyksa dh egd] iqjksfgr ds ea=] rjg rjg ds idokuksa dh xaèk] iafä;ksa esa cSBdj Hkkstu djuk] eqtjs] Qwyxsanksa dk [ksy] cjkr] vkSjrksa dk dksykgy] ,d nwljs dk uke crkuk & bu lcesa cM+k etk vkrk Fkk-18 Qwyxsan ds [ksy dks rsyqxq esa ^iwypsaMq* dgk tkrk gS- blesa Qwyksa dh xsan cukdj oj&oèkw ,d nwljs dks ekjrs gSa- ^osf;iMxyq* ¼fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k½ ds vuqokn ^lglzQ.k* esa M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko us bldk vuqokn ^Qqy>M+h* fd;k gS- ;g [ksy ifr&iRuh ds çFke lekxe ¼xHkkZ èkku laLdkj½ ds volj ij [ksyk tkrk gS rkfd ifr&iRuh dh ikjLifjd f>>d nwj gks tk,- ^lglzQ.k* esa bldk vR;ar jkspd fooj.k fn;k x;k gS- ;Fkk & ÞèkekZjko vkSj v#aèkrh dks lst ij fcBk;k x;k- lqgkfxuksa us xhr xk,- xkuksa ds lkFk lkFk gkl ifjgkl dh lhek u jgh- vkèkh jkr chr xbZ- ijarq
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&39
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&40
fL=;k¡ ogk¡ ls Vyus dk uke u ysrh Fkha- iku ds chM+s cukdj igys èkekZjko ds eq¡g esa fn, x, vkSj vkèkk chM+k dkVdj v#aèkrh dks fn;k x;k- v#aèkrh us og vkèkk chM+k ugha [kk;kfL=;k¡ ml ij cgqr fcxM+ha- v#aèkrh jksus yxh- dbZ çdkj ds [ksy jpk, x, ij v#aèkrh muesa Hkkx ugha ys jgh Fkh- --èkekZjko us mlds gkFkksa vkSj xys esa panu yxk;k-ß19 vkxs pydj dbZ fnu ckn v#aèkrh Hkh bl ØhM+k esa #fp ysus yxrh gS- ;Fkk & ÞjkT;y{eh us v#aèkrh dh ds'k lTtk djrs le; ,d Qqy>M+h rS;kj j[kh Fkh- vc og mls ys vkbZ vkSj v#aèkrh ds gkFk esa nsdj cksyh] ^igys rw mu ij Qsad-* --- v#aèkrh us Qqy>M+h Qsadh- --- mlus Qqy>M+h okil Qsadh- fQj rks [ksy Bhd Bkd pyk iM+k-ß20
[5]
yksdkpkj vkSj çFkk,¡ lHkh lektksa esa e`R;q ls tqM+s gq, vyx vyx çdkj ds yksdkpkj ik, tkrs gSa- rsyqxq lekt esa Hkh vafre laLdkj vkSj Jk) ls tqM+h viuh fof'k"V çFkk,¡ gSa- fganh dk ikBd budk fooj.k i<+rs le; vius lekt dh çFkkvksa ls rqyuk Hkh djrk pyrk gS- ^lglzQ.k* ls irk pyrk gS fd ej.kklUu O;fä dks iyax ls mrkjdj tehu ij fyVk;k tkrk gS- mlds eqag esa rqylh i= vkSj ikuh dh cw¡nsa Mkyh tkrh gSa rFkk dku esa ^ukjk;.k ukjk;.k* lquk;k tkrk gS-21 nkg laLdkj panu dh fprk ij djkuk vkSj bl volj ij xksnku djuk cM+h ckr ekuh tkrh gS-22 ej.kksÙkj fØ;kvksa ¼ftls ^vij deZ* dgk x;k gS½ ds varxZr Hkh xksnku fd;k tkrk gS tks çR;{k ds cnys rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&41
çrhdLo:i #i, nsus ds :i esa Hkh gks ldrk gS-23 blds vykok ;g Øwj çFkk Hkh rsyqxq lekt esa vHkh rd çpfyr gS fd ifr dk fuèku gks tkus ij foèkok L=h ds flj ds cky ewaM fn, tkrs gS-24 'ko;k=k ds nkSjku fganh lekt esa çk;% ^jke uke lR; gS* dgrs pyus dh ijaijk gS rks rsyqxq lekt esa ^xksfoank xksfoank* ;k ^ukjk;.k ukjk;.k* dh- ;gh ugha] vkxs vkxs cSjkxh ,drkjs ij oSjkX; Hkjk xhr Hkh vykirs gSa-25 lksnqe t;jke dh dgkuh ^vFkhZ* ls ;g lwpuk çkIr gksrh gS fd fo'ks"k :i ls vkaèkz çns'k ds jk;ylhek vapy esa mPp o.kksaZ ¼tSls jsìh½ esa tuktk 'kkuks'kkSdr ls mBk;k tkrk gS-26 oS".ko er ds vuq;k;h 'ko dks fprk ij tykrs gSa tcfd 'kSo er esa 'ko dks lekfèk nh tkrh gS- blds fy, xïk [kksnus dk dke fo'ks"k tkfr ds yksx djrs gSa-27 e`R;q ds rsjgosa fnu Hkkst fn;k tkrk gS-28 bl fnu 'kqf) Luku fd;k tkrk gS-29 ;fn fdlh e`rd dk 'kjhj ugha feyrk rks ,d ?kM+s esa mldh vkRek dk vkokgu djds Jkn~èk deZ fd;k tkrk gS- bls ?kVJkn~/k dgrs gSa-30 mYys[kuh; gS fd rsyqxq lekt esa fganh lekt dh Hkk¡fr 16 fnu rd fir`i{k eukus dh ijaijk ugha gS cfYd dsoy egky;k vekoL;k dks ^firjksa dk fnu* euk;k tkrk gS ftls ^isíy iaMxk* ¼firjksa dk R;ksgkj½ dgk tkrk gS-31 [6]
lzksr Hkk"kk&lekt dh thou 'kSyh vuqokn ds ekè;e ls y{; Hkk"kk&lekt lzksr Hkk"kk&lekt dh thou'kSyh ls Hkh ifjfpr gksrk gS D;ksafd lzksr lkfgR; esa miyCèk fooj.kksa esa lzksr Hkk"kk&lekt dh thou 'kSyh lgt :i esa xq¡Fkh gksrh gS- mnkgj.k ds fy, —f"k lH;rk ij rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&42
vkèkkfjr Hkkjr ds lkjs xk¡oksa dh] pkgs os mÙkj ds gksa ;k nf{k.k ds] fnup;kZ yxHkx ,d tSlh gS- mudh thou'kSyh esa xkscj dk cM+k egRo gS- uohu ds miU;kl ^[kwu dk rkykc* ls irk pyrk gS fd vkaèkz çns'k ds xkaoksa esa vkaxu dks cqgkj dj xkscjh yhius dh mÙkj çns'k tSlh çFkk fo|eku gS- xkscj ds miys Hkh Fkkis tkrs gSa]32 [kkn dh rjg Hkh bLrseky fd;k tkrk gS-33 rsyqxq ls fganh esa vuwfnr lkfgR; ls ;g Hkh tkudkjh feyrh gS fd ckgj ls ykSVus ij yksx iSj èkksdj ?kj esa ços'k djrs gSa] ?kjsyw fL=;k¡ blds fy, ty miyCèk djkrh gSa-34 ?kj esa tc dksbZ lqgkfxu igyh ckj vkrh gS rks mls rkacwy ds lkFk gYnh] dqadqe] feJh] lkM+h] ukfj;y vkSj nf{k.kk HksaV dh tkrh gS-35 fookfgr efgyk,¡ iSj dh vaxqyh esa fcfN;k igurh gSa-36 ikjuafn fueZyk us ^caxkjEek* 'kh"kZd dgkuh esa fookfgr L=h dh os'kHkw"kk vkSj vkHkw"k.kksa dk fooj.k nsrs gq, ?kqVuksa rd Å¡ph lkM+h] dqadqe dh vBUuh cjkcj fcafn;k] chpksachp ek¡x ds lkFk l¡okjs x, dkys l?ku ?kqa?kjkys ds'k] nkfgus dku dh vksj cus gq, rus gq, twM+s esa yky xqM+gy ds Qwy] dkuksa esa d.kZQwy] ukd ds nksuksa vksj NYys] xys esa dkys eksfr;ksa ds gkj] eaxylw= vkSj iSjksa esa pkanh ds Hkkjh dM+ksa dk mYys[k fd;k gS-37 blh çdkj osyspsfV lqczã.;e dh dgkuh ^ijczã* esa osnikBh 'kkL=h th ds fof'k"V ifjèkku dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gS & iryh fdukjhokyh pqUuVnkj èkksrh] eLrd ij foHkwfr dk f=iqaM] dqadqe dk Vhdk] vaxwBh] pIiy] Nkrk!38 nwljh vksj okfljsìh lhrk nsoh ds miU;kl ^ejhfpdk* esa ikuh dh dk¡oM <ksus okyk ujflagk f?klh gqbZ eSyh èkksrh dks ?kqVuksa rd eksM+dj igurk gS]39 vkSj Qwl dh >ksaiM+h esa jgus okyh jkeqyEek eksVs lwr dh lkM+h dNkSrh yxkdj ?kqVuksa rd ck¡èkrh gS-40 voljky jke—".k jko us viuh ,d dgkuh esa ,slh fd'kksjh ds }a} dk fp=.k fd;k gS ftldh ek¡
dsjy ewy dh gksus ds dkj.k Åij Cykmt vkSj uhps eqaM ¼yqaxh½ iguus dks dgrh gS rks firk vkaèkz çns'k ds ¼rsyqxq pkSèkjh½ gksus ds ukrs ygaxk] Cykmt vkSj vksuh ¼gkQ lkM+h & lkM+h dh rjg iguk tkus okyk nqiêk½ iguus dks-41 ^lglzQ.k* ¼fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k½ esa fdlkuksa dh nsgkrh iks'kkd ds :i esa xsgq,¡ jax dh èkksrh] iqjkus <ax ds dqrsZ] flj ij ixM+h vkSj ekFks ij cM+s fryd dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gS-42 tcfd jaxuk;dEek us ^lqèkkj* ¼dgkuh½ esa efgykvksa ds ifjèkku dk mYys[k bl çdkj fd;k gS & ÞNksVs NksVs Qwyksaokyk yg¡xkNksVh vks<+uh] gkFkksa ds vkxs ckMZjokyh pksyh- yk[k dh nks nks pwfM+;k¡] NksVh NksVh ckfy;k¡ vkSj daB esa dqN ugha-ß43 rsyqxq lekt esa ikfjokfjd O;olk; dks viukus dh ijaijk vHkh rd cM+h lhek rd fo|eku gS- ;g ekuk tkrk gS fd cM+s iq= dks dqVqac ds laLdkj] vkpkj&fopkj vkSj jhfr&fjokt dks vkxs c<+kuk pkfg,- vuwfnr rsyqxq lkfgR; ikBdksa dks ,slh ijaijkvksa ls Hkh ifjfpr djkrk gS- bl ijaijk ds dkj.k gh vusd Hkwfeifr [kqn [ksrh u dj tehu dkSy ij ns nsrs gSa-44 ifr dk uke u ysus dh ijaijk Hkh 'kk;n fdlh u fdlh :i esa Hkkjr Hkwfe ij loZ= ikbZ tkrh gS- rsyqxqHkk"kh oèkw Hkh vius oj dk uke ugha ysrh cfYd ladsr ls dke pykrh gS-45 ifjèkku dh rjg gh [kkuiku Hkh gj Hkk"kk&lekt dh vfLerk dk |ksrd gksrk gS- blds lkFk lkaL—frd vga Hkh tqM+k gksrk gS- ;gh dkj.k gS fd vuwfnr rsyqxq lkfgR; esa vkaèkz çns'k ds fof'k"V Hkkstu dk Lokn p[kk tk ldrk gS & iÙky esa ijkslk x;k dVgy dk lkx] dsys dk lkx] vnjd dh pVuh]46 ¼Lej.k jgs fd vkaèkz çns'k esa vfrfFk;ksa dks iÙky esa Hkkstu ijksluk lEekutud ekuk tkrk gS-½] ik;le ¼[khj½47] iqfygksjk ¼beyh ds jl esa Nksad yxkdj feyk;k gqvk pkoy½48] iksaxy
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&43
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&44
¼ewax dh nky vkSj pkoy dh f[kpM+h ftlesa vnjd] gjh fepZ vkSj dkyh fepZ Mkyh tkrh gS- mYys[kuh; gS fd nf{k.k Hkkjr ¼eq[;r% vkaèkz½ ds eafnjksa esa iqfygksjk vkSj iksaxy dks çlkn ds :i esa forfjr fd;k tkrk gS-½] isljêw49 ¼ewax dh nky] vnjd vkSj gjh fepZ ls cuk nkslk] ftls rsy ds ctk; ?kh Mkydj nksuksa rjQ lqugjk jax vkus rd èkheh vkap esa lsadk tkrk gS½] lCth vkSj lkacj ds lkFk pkoy-50 fofouewfrZ us rks viuh dgkuh ^fn'kk* esa lkacj idkus dk iwjk foèkku gh ns fn;k gS & Þlkacj ftruk mcysxk lfCt;ksa ds VqdM+s Hkh mrus mcysaxslkacj dk Lokn lCth ds VqdM+ksa dh vksj --- lCth ds VqdM+ksa dk Lokn lkacj dks --- vkil esa vnyk&cnyh gksrk jgrk gS- lCth ds VqdM+s lkacj ds Lokn dks c<+krs gq, Hkh viuk vfLrRo cuk, j[krs gSa-ß51 ^cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke* ¼rsyqxq miU;kl % eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h½ esa rfeyukMq vkSj vkaèkz çns'k dh Hkkstu i)fr dh jkspd rqyuk feyrh gS- ,d rks ;g ckr uksfVl djus okyh gS fd d‚Qh ijkslus ls igys èkkrq ds nks ik=ksa esa mls rhu ckj Åij ls Mkydj BaMk fd;k tkrk gS-52 ¼if'peh mÙkj çns'k esa nwèk dks bl rjg BaMk djus dh fØ;k dks ^nwèk rksM+uk* dgk tkrk gS½nwljh ckr ;g fd vkaèkz çns'k esa pkoy [kkrs le; Øe'k% vpkj] lCth] lkacj] jle vkSj ngh ds lkFk [kk;k tkrk gSbldh rqyuk esa rfeyukMq dh Hkkstu&vkLokn&çfØ;k fHkUu gS- ;Fkk] Þesjh drkj esa cSBs gq, rfey okys lkx dh VqdfM+;ksa dks [kkyh eq¡g ls gh [kkus yxs- ijksluk iwjk gksrs gh tYnh tYnh ?kh dks ,d vkneh nks pEep ds fglkc ls ijksl dj pyk x;k- esjs cxy esa cSBs gq, rfey okyksa esa ls dqN yksxksa us gkFk esa Mkydj ml ?kh dks ih fy;k Fkk- eSaus lkspk fd ;g D;k gS ,sls ih jgs gSa\ dqN yksxksa us ,d dkSj esa Mkydj ml
lw[ks ?kh dks vUu ds lkFk [kk;k- ---?kh ijkslk tk gh jgk Fkk fd brus esa vkSj ,d vkneh [kVkbZ ys vk;k- dksbZ Hkh vkneh u nky feyk ysrk] u lkx feyk ysrk] u pVuh feyk ysrk] dqN ugha] igys [kVkbZ Myok;h] mlesa nky feyk fy;k] ?kh ds fcuk lw[kk vUu [kkrs gq, mlh esa lkx vkSj pVuh p[k ysrs Fks-ß53 os'kHkw"kk vkSj [kkuiku dh rjg [ksydwn Hkh fdlh Hkk"kklekt dh thou 'kSyh dk vfuok;Z fgLlk gksrs gSa- mnkgj.kkFkZ ^lglzQ.k* ls ;g irk pyrk gS fd n'kgjs vkSj xzke nsoh&nsork dh iwtk ds volj ij rsyqxq lekt esa peM+s dh iqrfy;ksa dk [ksy ¼rksyq cksEeykVk½ [ksyk tkrk gS54 tks dBiqryh ds [ksy ds leku gksrk gS- ^i<+kbZ* ¼miU;kl½ esa ds- dqVqacjko us rkj ij pyus55] daps [ksyus56 vkSj <sjh QksM+ [ksyus57 dk jkspd fooj.k fn;k gS-
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&45
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&46
[7]
miikBksa dh igpku vuqokn ds ekè;e ls y{; Hkk"kk dk ikBd lzksr Hkk"kk ds èkkfeZd vkSj lkaL—frd fØ;kdykiksa] R;ksgkjksa] ioksaZ vkSj vuq"Bkuksa ls Hkh HkkoukRed lehirk çkIr djrk pyrk gS D;ksafd fdlh Hkh lkfgfR;d ikB dh cqukoV esa ;s reke phtsa miikB dh rjg latksbZ gqbZ gksrh gSa- vuqoknd dks ewy ikB esa fufgr bu miikBksa dks igpkudj budk fo'ys"k.k djuk gksrk gS- blds ckn gh mi;qä 'kCnksa vkSj vfHkO;fä;ksa dk p;u djrs gq, y{; Hkk"kk esa :ikarj.k djds vuwfnr ikB rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS- ;g çfØ;k vR;ar lkoèkkuh vkSj nksuksa Hkk"kk&lektksa dh le> dh vis{kk j[krh gS- mnkgj.k ds fy,] edj laØkafr dk ioZ ;ksa rks Hkkjr Hkj esa euk;k tkrk gS ysfdu mldh i)fr;k¡
vyx vyx Hkk"kk&lektksa esa vyx vyx gSa- ^lglzQ.k* ls tkudkjh feyrh gS fd edj laØkafr ds igys fnu rsyqxq çkar esa Hkksxh dk R;ksgkj euk;k tkrk gS-58 njvly ;gk¡ laØkafr ioZ ik¡p fnu dk gksrk gS- bl nkSjku oS".ko Hkä ft¸;j59 Hktu xkrs gq, çkr%osyk esa fHk{kkVu djrs gSa- os vius flj ij dqEgM+s dh vk—fr dk rkezik= j[kdj pyrs gSa- mYys[kuh; gS fd Þvkaèkz esa edj laØkafr ds ,d ekl iwoZ ls ?kj dh NksVh dU;k,¡] xkscj ds xksy ykSans cukdj mUgsa dqEgM+s vkSj rqjbZ ds Qwyksa ls ltk dj gYnh vkSj pkoy ds pw.kZ dh jaxofYy;ksa ls vya—r vkaxuksa esa j[krh gSa] ftUgsa rsyqxq esa ^xksfCcYyq* dgrs gSa-ß60 ^caxkjEek* ¼ikjuafn fueZyk½ esa ifr dh nh?kkZ;q dh dkeuk ls fd, tkus okys ozr vêyrfí dk mYys[k feyrk gS & Þvêyrfí dk R;ksgkj gS tks fookfgrk fL=;ksa ds lqgkx ls lacafèkr R;ksgkj gksrk gS- og ml fnu miokl jgrh vkSj ifr dh nh?kkZ;q dh dkeuk djrh gS-ß61 fuLlansg ;g oSlk gh ioZ gS tSls fd oVlkfo=h] djokpkSFk vkSj NB iwtk ds ioZn'kgjk vkaèkz çns'k esa vyx jaxr ds lkFk euk;k tkrk gS- bl ioZ ds volj ij dqN yksx jaxfcjaxs os'k èkkj.k djds uqDdM+ ukVd djrs gSa ftUgsa ^nljk cqYyksMq* ¼n'kgjs dk jaxhyk½ dgk tkrk gS-62 cPps fnfXot; dh dkeuk djrs gq, okuj lsuk dk vfHku; djrs gSa- ;Fkk] Þn'kgjs dk [kkl mn~?kks"k ^t;kfHkt; Hko] fnfXot;h Hko* djrs gq, cPps vkxs c<s- ---vfèkdrj cPpksa ds ikl canj ds f[kykSus Fks- dqN ds ikl rhj&deku Fks- cPpksa us xqyky Qsadk tks yky èkqvk¡ cudj vkleku dh rjQ mBkdqN cPpksa us ck¡l dh rhfy;ksa ij jaxfcjaxs dkxt fpidkdj >aMs cuk, vkSj gkFkksa esa idM+dj pyus yxs-ß63 vuwfnr lkfgR; ls gh fganh ikBd dks ;g tkudkjh Hkh lgt Hkko ls LFkkukarfjr gksrh gS fd vkaèkz çns'k esa n'kgjs ds volj ij tks vfHkusrk
jktk dk os'k èkkj.k djrk gS og viuh Hkqtkvksa esa x#M+ ds ia[kksa dh vk—fr okys lqugjs pednkj vkHkw"k.k èkkj.k djrk gS ftUgsa HkqtdhfrZ64 dgk tkrk gS- blh çdkj tks dykdkj fnu esa ^os'k* èkkj.k djds ?kj ?kj ;kpuk djrs gSa mUgsa fnokos'kèkkjh65 dgk tkrk gS;ksa rks iq"dj mÙkj Hkkjr dk ,d çfl) èkkfeZd LFky gSysfdu nf{k.k Hkkjr esa ;g 'kCn dqaHk ioZ dk |ksrd gS- ckjg o"kZ esa ,d ckj egkufn;ksa ds rV ij yxus okys dqaHk dks iq"dj dgk tkrk gS- ^lglzQ.k* esa —".kk unh ij iq"dj yxus dk mYys[k feyrk gS-66 mYys[kuh; gS fd Þc`gLifr ckjg o"kZ esa ,d ckj ,d ,d unh ds ty dks vkdf"kZr djrk gS- ml la;ksx ls ml unh ty esa fof'k"V 'kfä;k¡ mRiUu gksrh gSa] tks vU; le; ugha gksrha- lkjs nsork iq"dj ds le; ml fnu unh ty esa fufgr gksrs gSa- blh volj ij fir`nsoksa dks riZ.k vkfn nsus ls vfèkd Qy feyrk gS-ß67 ioZ&R;ksgkj tSls fof'k"V voljksa ij vkaèkz çns'k esa nsoh&nsorkvksa dh ewfrZ;ksa dk fof'k"V Ük`axkj fd;k tkrk gS- ^lglzQ.k* esa fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k us eqjyhèkj —".k dh ewfrZ ds Ük`axkj dk vR;ar ltho o.kZu fd;k gS- ;Fkk] ÞLokeh ds flj ij Xokyksa dh ixM+h Fkh- xys esa rqylh dh ekyk] lw;Zgkj vkSj paægkj FksHkqtkvksa esa ckgqiqj Fks- ukfHk ds ikl fparkef.k fo|eku FksihrkEcj dk dkNk ik¡o rd yVd jgk Fkk- tjh dh dksj okyk jRuksa dk yky d'ehjh nq'kkyk Lokeh ds daèkksa ij vks<+ j[kk FkkgkFkksa esa dad.k vkSj m¡xfy;ksa esa otz vkfn tM+h vaxwfB;k¡ Fkhaâ"Viq"V cktqvksa esa cktwcan vkSj nf{k.k pj.k esa Lo.kZ dk cuk dM+k Fkk- nk,¡ gkFk dh m¡xfy;ksa ds chp ejdre; ck¡lqjh Fkh-ß68 mYys[kuh; gS fd vkjkè; nsork ds fuR; Hkksx] dY;k.kksRlo vkSj vU; iwtkvksa ds fy, fo'ks"k çcaèk fd, tkrs gS69a- dY;k.kksRlo
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&47
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&48
esa vkjkè; nsork dk fookg ¼dY;k.k½ jpk;k tkrk gS- fuR; Hkxoku dh mRlo ewfrZ;ksa dks ikydh esa fcBkdj 'kksHkk;k=k fudkyh tkrh gS & tks yksx eafnj ugha tk ikrs os vius }kj ij vkus ij ikydh rd tk ueLdkj dj larks"k dk vuqHko djrs gSa-70 eafnj ds mRlo ds volj ij èotLraHk ds :i esa ifo= ydM+h xkM+h tkrh gS vkSj Hkxoku ds uke ij cSy NksM+k tkrk gS- Hkxoku dks vfiZr bl cSy dks ^eqf[k;k dk cSy* dgk tkrk gS- njvly vius vapy dks çk—frd vkinkvksa vkSj nSoh çdksi ls cpkus ds fy, Hkxoku dks ;g cSy vfiZr fd;k tkrk gS-71 mRlo ds fnu bl cSy dks ugyk&èkqykdj gYnh] dqadqe vkSj iq"iksa ls vya—r fd;k tkrk gS-72 xzke nsork dh 'kksHkk;k=k ds ckjs esa ikjuafn fueZyk us viuh dgkuh ^eukSrh* esa cSyxkM+h dh ltkoV] vke dh ifÙk;ksa ds rksj.k] uhe dh Vgfu;ksa dh lTtk] vEekok# ¼vkjkè; nsoh½ ds pj.kksa esa gYnh] dqadqe lefiZr djus vkSj iwtk dh Fkkfy;ksa esa iq"i] ukfj;y] vxjcÙkh] diwj vkfn ltkdj j[kus dk laiw.kZ fooj.k fn;k gS-73 bl vuq"Bku ds lacaèk esa bl dgkuh esa ;g Hkh lwpuk nh xbZ gS fd Þxk¡o dh jhfr ds vuqlkj tehankj ds ?kj }kj ij ml jFk esa dsys ds isM+ dks ?kkSan lfgr dkVdj [kaHkksa ij ck¡èkk tkrk gSfQj nsoh dh vkjrh mrkjus ij] jFk ds ifg;ksa ds vkxs dqEgM+s QksM+s tkrs gSa vkSj jFk dh jfLl;k¡ Hkä tu [khaprs [khaprs lkjs xk¡o dk pDdj yxok dj fQj vEeok:¼xzkensork½ ds eafnj ds ikl ys vkrs gSa- jkLrs Hkj xzkeh.k fL=;k¡ uhe ds MaByksa dks gkFk esa fy, <ksy dh Fkki ij rUe;rk ls ukprh gSa- dqN dqN ij rks nsoh dk ^vkos'k* Hkh gks tkrk gS- yksx ^t; vEcs] t; txnacs* ds ukjs yxkrs gSa-ß74
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&49
[8]
yksdfo'okl lkjs Hkkjr esa o"kkZ dks ysdj dksbZ u dksbZ leL;k cuh gh jgrh gS- dgha vuko`f"V rks dgha vfro`f"V- cknyksa dks fj>kus ds fy, ns'k Hkj esa rjg rjg ds iwtk&ikB vkSj Vksus&VksVds fd, tkrs gSa- vkaèkz çns'k esa bl gsrq esa<+dksa dk tqywl fudkyus vkSj [ksrksa esa iwtk djokus dh çFkk gS- jaxuk;dEek dh dgkuh ^lqèkkj* esa bl yksdfo'okl dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gS-75 blh çdkj utj mrkjus ds fy, Hkh rjg rjg ds fMBkSus vkSj Vksus&VksVds çpfyr gSa- vkaèkz esa gYnh vkSj pwus dk feyk gqvk ikuh Fkky esa Mkydj mls O;fä ds pkjksa vksj ?kqek;k tkrk gSHkxoku dh Hkh utj blh rjg mrkjh tkrh gS- bl dk;Z ds fy, egkoj dk ikuh bLrseky djus dk mYys[k ^lglzQ.k* esa feyrk gS-76 blh miU;kl esa xk; dh utj mrkjus dk Hkh mYys[k gS] ftlds rgr twBs iÙkyksa dks xk; ij ls mrkj dj tyk fn;k tkrk gS-77 nqfu;k tgku dh rjg vkaèkz çns'k esa Hkh fdfle fdfle ds yksdfo'okl çpfyr gSa- vuwfnr lkfgR; y{; Hkk"kklekt dks rsyqxq Hkk"kk&lekt ds bu vkxzgksa ls ifjfpr djkrk gS- tSls iwoZtUe esa lRdeZ vkSj iq.; djus ls gh bl tUe esa çse vkSj lEeku djus okyk ifr feyrk gS-78 ¼fdlh tUe esa cksjh Hkjdj lksus ds Qwyksa ls iwtk dh gksxh rHkh rks flj vk¡[kksa ij j[kus okyk O;fä ifr ds :i esa feyk-½-79 jkedksfV ¼djksM+ ckj ^jke* dk uke fy[kuk½ vèkwjk jg tkus ij iqutZUe esa mls iwjk djuk iM+rk gS- ¼jkedksfV vHkh iwjk ugha gqvk gS u] blhfy, Jh jkepaæewfrZ us eq>s fQj euq";ksa esa yk iVdk gksxk-½-80 esganh [kwc ids rks vPNk ifr feysxk-81 paik dk ikSèkk lk¡iksa dks rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&50
vkdf"kZr djrk gS- ¼paik dk u;k ikSèkk yxk gS jh bafnjk- lc dgrs gSa fd bldks ugha j[kuk pkfg,- lk¡i vk tkrs gSa-½82 fdlh 'kqHk volj ij 116 ;k 1116 #i, dh nf{k.kk nsuk 'kqHk gksrk gS¼mlus ,d gtkj ,d lkS lksyg #i;ksa dk ngst ek¡xk½-83 ,d ekU;rk ;g Hkh gS fd iyukMq ¼vkaèkz ds xqaVwj ftys dk if'peh vapy½ ds yksx 'kwj vkSj lkglh gksrs gSa&lkFk gh vukM+h Hkh-84
[9]
Û
lwpuk laçs"k.k
Û
fdlh Hkh lkfgfR;d ikB }kjk lkekftd&lkaL—frd vkSj ,sfrgkfld egRo dh vusd lwpuk,¡ LokHkkfod :i ls laçsf"kr dh tkrh gSa- vuqokn bu lwpukvksa dks y{; Hkk"kk&lekt dks miyCèk djkrk gS vkSj bl rjg lzksr Hkk"kk&lekt ds ckjs esa mldh tkudkjh dks le`)rj cukrk gS- mnkgj.k ds fy, fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k ds rsyqxq miU;kl ^osf;iMxyq* ds ihoh-ujflEgk jko —r fganh vuqokn ^lglzQ.k* esa miyCèk rsyqxq Hkk"kk&lekt fo"k;d dfri; lkekftd&lka L—frd vkSj ,sfrgkfld lwpuk,¡ fuEuor gSa & Û {ks=¸;k85 ¾ vBkjgoha 'krh ds nf{k.k ds çfl) Ük`axkj in dfo ftUgsa vkaèkz dk fo|kifr dgk tk ldrk gSÛ ?kVlkyk86 ¾ vkaèkz çns'k ds —".kk ftys dk ,d çkphu ckS) dsaæÛ frDdUuk87 ¾ egkHkkjr ds 15 ioksaZ dk vR;ar dkO;e; rsyqxq :ikarj çLrqr djus okys egku dfo ftUgsa dfo&czãk dh mikfèk nh xbZÛ nsonklh88 ¾ eafnjksa esa] fo'ks"kdj nf{k.k Hkkjr ds eafnjksa esa] rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&51
Û
Û
eè;;qxhu çFkk ds vuqlkj ,d urZdh dh fu;qfä gksrh Fkh- ;g urZdh Hkxoku ds lEeq[k u`R; djrh vkSj vius thou rFkk ;kSou dks Hkxoku ds pj.kksa esa vfiZr djrh Fkh- og fdlh ls fookg u djrh- Hkxoku gh mlds ifr le>s tkrs- bl nsonklh çFkk dk nf{k.k esa lqnh?kZ rFkk jkspd bfrgkl gS- bl mnkÙk rFkk ifo=rkiw.kZ çFkk esa èkhjs èkhjs dkeqdrk vkSj Hkz"Vkpkj dk lekos'k gksrk x;k vkSj var esa ;g çFkk lekIr gks xbZiksruk89 ¾ rsyqxq ds egku Hkä dfo ftUgksaus vkaèkz egkHkkxor dh vR;ar lqanj rFkk ljl jpuk dh gSjkenklq ¼xksiUuk½90 ¾ vkaèkz ds çfl) jke Hkä ftudk vlyh uke Fkk xksiUuk- tuJqfr ds vuqlkj bUgksaus jkeuke dk xq#ea= dchjnkl ls fy;k Fkk- mUgksaus Hkækpye {ks= dk çfl) jke eafnj cuok;k Fkklqefr 'krd91 ¾ rsyqxq 'krd dkO; ijaijk dh ,d çkjafHkd jpuk- blds jpukdkj císu HkwikyqMq ¼1220&1280 bZ-½ frDduk ds f'k"; Fks vkSj ;g çFke uhfr 'krd gS- ikYdwfjfd lkseukFk —r ^o`’kf/ki 'krde* vkSj ;rkodqy vUueS;k —r ^losZ'oj 'krde* dks bldh ledkyhu jpuk,¡ ekuk tkrk gSos.kqxksiky 'krd92 ¾ rsyqxq dk ,d çfl) 'krd dkO; ftlesa lkekftd dqjhfr;ksa dh O;aX;iw.kZ vkykspuk dh xbZ gS-
[10]
yksdksfä;k¡ ;g dguk rks lR; dks nqgjkuk gh gksxk fd vuqokn ds ekè;e ls vusd Hkkf"kd rRo nks lektksa ds chp ;k=k djrs gSa vkSj muds lacaèkksa dks lq–<+ cukrs gSa- vc dgkorksa dks gh yhft,,d tSls yksdkuqHko dks ,d tSlh vFkZNk;k okyh dgkorksa ds rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&52
}kjk vyx vyx lektksa esa O;ä fd;k tkrk gS- çk;% vuqoknd ;g ç;kl djrs gSa fd leku vFkZNk;k ds vkèkkj ij lzksr Hkk"kk dh yksdksfä dks y{; Hkk"kk dh lerqY; yksdksfä }kjk LFkkukarfjr dj fn;k tk;- fQj Hkh ,slh dgkorsa gks ldrh gSa ftuds fy, lerqY; dgkor [kkstus dh vis{kk lhèks lhèks vuqokn dj nsuk lqfoèkktud gksrk gS- Hkys gh bls 'kkfCnd vuqokn dgdj blesa lzksr Hkk"kk dh ^xa èk* [kksth tkrh gks] rFkkfi lkekftd&lkaL—frd lsrq fuekZ.k dh –f"V ls ;g cM+s dke dh pht gS( D;ksafd bl çfØ;k }kjk lzksr Hkk"kk dh dgkor dks y{; Hkk"kklekt dh futh laifÙk cukus dk ç;kl fd;k tkrk gS- lkFk gh y{; ikBd lzksr Hkk"kklekt dh ekSfyd vfHkO;fä vkSj mlds ihNs fNis ykSfdd vuqHko dks xzg.k djds Lo;a dks laiUu cukrk gSmnkgj.k ds fy, vuqokn ds ekè;e ls fganh esa vkbZ dqN rsyqxq dgkorsa ns[ksa & & eqlhcrksa us gfj'paæ tSlksa dks Hkh ugha NksM+k-93 & rqylh dh cfx;k esa xkats dk ikSèkk D;ksa mxsxk\94 & dksVZ dks tkus okys vkSj dk'kh dks tkus okys yksx ykSVdj ugha vkrs gSa-95 & ?kh [kk;k cki us] lw¡?kks esjk gkFk-96 & ubZ gok cgsxh rks iqjkuh dgk¡ fVd ik,xh\97 & bZ'oj dh vkKk ds fcuk phaVh Hkh py ugha ldrh-98 & nks lk¡M+ksa ds chp yM+kbZ esa cNM+ksa ds iSj VwVrs gSa-99
[11]
ukedj.k vuqokn ds le; mifLFkr gksus okyh pqukSfr;ksa ds varxZr çk;% rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&53
bl leL;k dk Hkh mYys[k fd;k tkrk gS fd vuqoknd dks ewy ikB esa vk, ik=ksa ds ukeksa ds lkFk dSlk O;ogkj djuk pkfg,- cgqr ckj y{; Hkk"kk&lekt dh lqfoèkk vkSj Hkk"kk&ç— fr ds fygkt ls ukeksa dk vuqdwyu dj fn;k tkrk gS- tSls ,ysDlsaMj dks vy{ksaæ vkSj iksf'kZ;k dks iqjJh cuk fn;k x;k gSnwljk jkLrk ;g gS fd ewy uke dks NksM+ fn;k tk, vkSj ik= ds lkekftd] vkfFkZd] lkaL—frd ifjos'k dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, y{; Hkk"kk&lekt ds vuq:i u;k ukedj.k dj fn;k tk,- tSls eSdcsFk dks edcwy rFkk vksFksyks dks vksedkjk cuk fn;k x;k gS- rhljk jkLrk ;g gS fd ukeksa dks cnyk u tk,] dsoy fyI;arfjr fd;k tk, & mPpkj.k dh 'kq)rk ds lkFk,slk djus ls y{; Hkk"kk&lekt lzksr Hkk"kk&lekt ds okLrfod ukeksa ls lehirk vuqHko djsxk- tSls dUuxh] dksoyu] [kac] Fkksbch] lLlh] iqUuks] tqys[kk] yksfyrk- rsyqxq ls fganh vuqokn djrs le; vfèkdrj vuqokndksa us bl rhljs ekxZ dk gh vuqlj.k fd;k gS- ,slk djus ls rsyqxq lekt ds vusd ekSfyd uke ¼tks ml :i esa fganh lekt esa çk;% ugha ik, tkrs½ fganh lekt rd igq¡ps gSa- ;Fkk & iq#"k uke L=h uke & cqPpCch cqPpEek & iksfylsfê osadEek & vflfjxkMq vPpEek & vfXugks=koèkkuh vadh & djVd 'kkL=h vkaMkyEexk# & fnCckoèkkuh #fDe.kh vEexk# & yqCèkkoèkkuh ujlEek & lqCc¸;k isnDdk & ,axVslq èkfu;kyq & lwjkIik efj;Eek rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&54
& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &
lwjUuk ukjk;.kIik jkekatus;qyw fpUuIi jsìh fiPph jsìh jktk jsìh yfPpxkMw xaxMw jk;Mw HkheqMw ifjxk lkse¸;k dksaM¸;k eYy¸;k Hkw"k¸;k Hkhe¸;k tkudh jke¸;k yPp¸;k ;kn¸;k lkse¸;k lkj¸;k fxjh'ke ujlS¸;k lqUuexkMq jaxuk;dqyq fMafxfjxkMq vksfcxkMq Hkwrfyaxe cqfPp ckcq
jkeqyEek jaxktEek jk?koEek ikoZrEek ckyEek caxkjEek eqR;kyq ikspEek eqÙkEek eqR;kyEek lkjDdk leDdk eYyEek fxfjdk eèkqjok.kh vulw;Eek jkeqyEek osadEek ;sadEek guqe;kEek fiPpEek ujlEek xqjEek jaxuk;dEek osnEek osadk;Eek dkare dksVEek
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&55
bl çdkj ;g Li"V gS fd vuqokn dsoy nks Hkk"kkvksa ds chp la iUu gksus okyh Hkkf"kd xfrfofèk ek= ugha gS cfYd mls nks Hkk"kklektksa ds eè; laiUu gksus okyh xa Hkhj lkekftd&lka L—frd xfrfofèk ds :i esa xzg.k fd;k tkuk pkfg,- fganh vkSj rsyqxq ds eè; ijLij vuqoknksa us ,sls gh lkekftd&lkaL—frd lsrq dk fuekZ.k fd;k gS;gk¡ geus rsyqxq lkfgR; ds fganh vuqokn dh ijaijk vkSj çns; ij xgjkbZ ls fopkj fd;k gS] ijarq ;g Lej.kh; gS fd ;g çfØ;k ,di{kh; ugha gS- lsrq ,d fn'kk ls nwljh fn'kk esa tkus ds fy, gh ugha gksrk gS cfYd nksuksa fn'kkvksa ds chp ijLij vkoktkgh ds fy, gksrk gS- fganh&rsyqxq ds eè; vuqokn lsrq Hkh bl èkeZ dk ikyu djrk gS] vFkkZr fganh ls Hkh rsyqxq esa cM+h la[;k esa lkfgfR;d vuqokn gq, gSa vkSj gks jgs gSa- mudh ijaijk vkSj çns; ij Hkh xgjkbZ ls ppkZ visf{kr gS-
lanHkZ 1- tkudh us csVs dks tUe fn;k- lqanje us cPps dk ekek gksus ds ukrs dqN jLesa fuHkkbZa- --- yglqu Mkydj mckys x, rsy dh cw] cPps ds diM+s] czkã.k dh csVh] pekj dh iRuh dk tki ¼Hkwr&çsrksa dks Hkxkus ds fy, bl ea= dk tki fd;k tkrk gS-½] ;s lc ns[kdj mls Mj yxus yxk- nlosa fnu tkudh dk Luku] iwjs cnu ij gYnh dk ysi vkSj ikyus ls caèkh uhe dh Vgfu;ksa dks ns[kdj lqanje dks ekaf=dksa vkSj rkaf=dksa dh ;kn vkbZ- ¼pnqoq] ds-dqVqacjko] ¼vuq½ vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i<+kbZ] i`-la- 160½ 2- fo|kjaHk ds Hkkst esa x;k- ¼pnqoq] ds-dqVqacjko] ¼vuq½ vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i<+kbZ] i`-la14½ 3- 'kkL=ksä fofèk ls eqaMu vkSj fo|kjaHk djkus ds fy,] ges'kk dh rjg jk?ko¸;k iarqyq vk, vkSj lqanje dh maxyh idM+dj dPps pkoyksa ij ^¬ ¡ ue% f'kok;* fy[kok;k- ¼pnqoq] ds-dqVqacjko] ¼vuq½ vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i<+kbZ] i`-la- 18½ 4- fookg dh igyh lh<+h gksusokyk miu;u djus dk esjs firkth us fu'p; fd;kml 'kqHkeqgwrZ ds le; gekjs lHkh HkkbZ&caèkq fdruh gh nwj ls Hkh vk,- --- esjk
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&56
dkSihu] iap f'k[kk,¡] xys esa ;Kksiohr] gkFk esa naM] peMs dk ,d tusÅ] gkFk esa fHk{kk ik=- --- bu lcdks ns[kdj esjs lgpj] fj'rsnkjksa ds yM+ds vkSj vU; caèkqvksa us feydj ftruk dksykgy epk;k] og o.kZukrhr Fkk- ¼cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke] eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] ¼vuq-½ M‚-,e-fc-fo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la- 40½ 5- xys esa eaxylw= ck¡èk fn;k Fkk- ¼fookg] lksnqe t;jke] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 85½ 6- xys esa dkys eksfr;ksa dk cs<ax lk gkj iM+k gqvk Fkk- --- mlds lkFk ,d ihys jax dk eksVk èkkxk] ftlesa eaxylw= Fkk & iSjksa esa Hkkjh Hkkjh pk¡nh ds dM+s Fks¼caxkjEek] ikjuafn fueZyk] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 159½ 7- gYnh yxs diM+ksa esa nqYgu ds :i esa lkfo=h dks dbZ lky igys ns[kk Fkk] vc ogh Hkjh&iwjh lqgkfxu ,oa x`fg.kh Fkh- ¼varjax ds fp=] M‚-fpYyj Hkokuh nsoh] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 70½ 8- yM+dh dks vPNh rjg ls j[ksaxs lksp dj esjs firk ds }kjk vftZr dh nks ,dM+ tehu ge lcus feydj mls gYnh dqadqe ds :i esa ek;ds dh rjQ ls ns nh- ¼varj] M‚-'kkafrukjk;.k] vdsyh uko dh vkgV vkSj vU; rsyxq dh pquh gqbZ dgkfu;k¡] i`-155½ 9- nqfYgu vkSj nwYgs ds chp esa ,d yky inkZ idM+s gq, Fks- nwYgk vkSj nqfYgu us ,d nwljs ds flj ij viuh viuh vatqfy;ksa ls eaxyk{kr Mkys- fQj chp dk inkZ fudkydj oèkw ds flj ij vks<+k fn;k x;k- ¼ngst] 'kf'kJh] vdsyh uko dh vkgV vkSj vU; rsyqxq dh pquh gqbZ dgkfu;k¡] i`-la- 155½ 10- nksuksa rjQokyh efgykvksa vkSj ;qofr;ksa us oj oèkw ds xys esa xhyk panu yxkdj okjkQsjh ¼nhB fudkyus½ dh jLe iwjh dh- ml jLe ds iwjk gksrs gh oj dks pkjikbZ ls uhps mrj dj [kM+s gksus ds fy, dgk x;k- [kM+s gq, oj ls dgk x;k fd oèkw dks Hkqtk ij mBk ys- ¼ngst] 'kf'kJh] vdsyh uko dh vkgV vkSj vU; rsyqxq dh pquh gqbZ dgkfu;k¡] ¼vuq½ dksfEe'ksêh eksgu] i`-la156½ 11- nk;ha gFksyh ls ,d ckj vkSj ck;ha gFksyh ls ,d ckj nsgyh ds nksuksa vksj m¡xfy;ksa dh Nki yxk nks csVk & ekSlh tqys[kk us dgk- ¼ngst] 'kf'kJh] vdsyh uko dh vkgV vkSj vU; rsyqxq dh pquh gqbZ dgkfu;k¡] ¼vuq½ dksfEe'ksêh eksgu] i`-la- 157½ 12- lkeus cSBh gqbZ nqfYgu ds psgjs dks ?kw¡?kV esa ls gh vkbus esa ns[kus ds fy, dgrs gq, oj ds gkFk esa vkbuk fn;k x;k- oj us ,slk gh fd;k- igyh ckj viuh nqfYgu&oèkw dks ns[kus ij 'kqHklwpd ds :i esa oj us mlds gkFk esa iÙks dh vaxwBh igukbZ- ¼ngst] 'kf'kJh] vdsyh uko dh vkgV vkSj vU; rsyqxq dh pquh gqbZ dgkfu;k¡] ¼vuq½ dksfEe'ksêh eksgu] i`-la- 156½ 13- esjh 'kknh ds le; 'kknh dk eryc ,d fnu dk 'kqØkuk ¼fudkg ds ,d fnu igys dh jLe½ vkSj nwljs fnu fudkg --- fQj vxys fnu oyhek ¼nwYgs ds ?kj esa nkor½ --- mlds ckn ikap 'kqØokjksa esa ikap tqekfu;k¡ ¼jLesa½ gksrh Fkhavktdy ;s jLesa gh ugha gSa u- ¼ngst] 'kf'kJh] vdsyh uko dh vkgV vkSj
vU; rsyqxq dh pquh gqbZ dgkfu;k¡] ¼vuq½ dksfEe'ksêh eksgu] i`-la- 155½ 14- fL=;ksa dh ckr dgus dh vko';drk gh ugha Fkh- js'keh lkfM+;k¡ vkSj tjh dh lkfM+;k¡ igu dj] flj Hkj esa cM+h&cM+h Qwyksa dh xqfRFk;k¡ yVdkdj] ik¡oksa esa gYnh yxkdj] nwYgk vkSj nqfYgu ij mpd mpd dj v{kr Qsad jgh Fkha¼lqèkkj] jaxuk;dEek] vdsyh uko dh vkgV vkSj vU; rsyqxq dh pquh gqbZ dgkfu;k¡] ¼vuq½ dksfEe'ksêh eksgu] i`-la- 58½ 15- 'kknh ds fnu u, rkM+ ds iÙkksa ls 'kkfe;kuk cuk;k x;k Fkk- dPph xaèk ls BaMk Fkk- ,d dksus esa cgqr ls rkM+ ds iÙks iM+s gq, Fks- ¼lqèkkj] jaxuk;dEek] vdsyh uko dh vkgV vkSj vU; rsyqxq dh pquh gqbZ dgkfu;k¡] ¼vuq½ dksfEe'ksêh eksgu] i`-la- 40½ 16- ,d lqgkfxu Fkkyh esa xhyk panu ykbZ- ¼'kf'kJh] ngst] vdsyh uko dh vkgV vkSj vU; rsyqxq dh pquh gqbZ dgkfu;k¡] ¼vuq½ dksfEe'ksêh eksgu] i`-la- 157½ 17- pnqoq] ds-dqVqacjko] ¼vuq½ vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i<+kbZ] i`-la- 129½ 18- pnqoq] ds-dqVqacjko] ¼vuq½ vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i<+kbZ] i`-la- 128½ 19- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la79 20- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la84 21- jaxktEek dks iyax ls mrkjdj tehu ij fyVk fn;k- jktq us jaxktEek ds eq¡g esa rqylh i= j[kk vkSj ikuh dh cw¡nsa Mkyha- jaxktEek ikuh fuxy xbZa- çk.kksa ds mRØe.k rd jkepaæ jktq ek¡ ds dku esa ^ukjk;.k ukjk;.k* dk yxkrkj ti djrk jgk- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 116½ 22- jaxktEek dh e`R;q dh [kcj xk¡o Hkj esa QSy xbZ- --- jaxkiqj ls vkdj ,d 'kkL=h th us nkg laLdkj djok,- lksygksa vkus panu dh fprk ij nkg laLdkj fd;k x;k- nkg ds le; lkS #i, dh xk; [kjhndj jkepaæ jktq us nku fn;k- nkg laLdkj esa ik¡p lkS #i, [kpZ gq,- vij deZ cM+s iSekus ij gksus okyk Fkk¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la117½ 23- vij deZ cM+h èkweèkke ls laiUu gqvk- jkepaæ jktq us nl gtkj #i, [kpZ fd,- tgk¡ tgk¡ xksnku dh fofèk iwjh djuh Fkh] jktq us çR;{k xksnku gh fd;kxksnku ds cnys #i, nsus dh i)fr mlus ugha viukbZ- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 118½ 24- tc ek¡ ds cky ew¡M+dj mUgsa foèkok dk :i ns fn;k x;k rks lqanje ds isV esa ,d rjg dh tyu iSnk gqbZ- ¼pnqoq] ds-dqVqacjko] ¼vuq½ vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i<+kbZ] i`-la- 49½ 25- ^xksfoank xksfoank* dgrs gq, vFkhZ dks Åij mBk;k x;k- vkxs pyrk gqvk cSjkxh ,drkjk ctkrs gq, oSjkX; Hkjk xhr vykius yxk- ¼vFkhZ] lksnqe t;jke] ¼vuq½
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&57
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&58
ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 80½ 26- 'ko;k=k ds fy, iwjk dk iwjk xk¡o meM+ iM+k- ik¡p feuV esa tuktk rS;kj gks x;k- jkLrs Hkj vFkhZ ds lkFk lkFk Qsadus ds fy, Vksdjk Hkj yS¸;k vkSj QqVdj iSlk Hkh vk x;k Fkk- vesfjdk esa i<+ jgs fpUuIijsìh dk yM+dk jktk jsìh vkrs le; xqykc ds Qwyksa dh Vksdfj;k¡ Hkh lkFk ysrk vk;k- Qwy ekykvksa dk dguk gh D;k] <sjksa vk xbZ Fkha- cl] 'ko dks Luku djkdj] Qwyksa vkfn ls ltk dj tukts ij fyVkuk gh ckdh Fkk- ¼vFkhZ] lksnqe t;jke] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 73½ 27- 'ko dks xkM+us ds fy, xïk [kksnus dk dke fo'ks"k tkfr okyksa dks gh djuk gksrk gS- ¼vFkhZ] lksnqe t;jke] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 79½ 28- vaR;t lekfèk ds fy, pkj tus xïk [kksnrs gSa- blds fy, chl #i;k nsrs gSa vkSj lkFk esa 'kjkc Hkh nsrs gSa- 'ko dks <¡dus ds fy, Mkyk diM+k Hkh os yksx gh ys ysrs gSa- fQj rsjgosa fnu Hkkst esa isV Hkj [kkus dks nsrs gSa- ¼vFkhZ] lksnqe t;jke] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la74&75½ 29- eq¡g fp<+krk olh;rukek] M‚-voljky jke—".k jko] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 20 30- eq¡g fp<+krk olh;rukek] M‚-voljky jke—".k jko] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 20 31- ijlksa ^cM+ksa dk R;ksgkj* Fkk- ml miy{; esa gekjs HkkbZ] muds cPps] gekjs yM+ds] muds cPps lHkh gekjs ;gk¡ vk,- cM+s yksxksa dks flj èkqykdj u, diM+s igukdj Hkkstukfn dk;ZØe gksus ds ckn ?kj ds lkeus isM+ ds uhps lHkh cSBdj vkuan ls bèkj&mèkj dh ckrsa cfr;k jgs Fks- ¼varj] M‚-'kkafrukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 41½ 32- xk¡o esa xkscj dh cgqr t:jr iM+rh- vk¡xu esa >kMw yxkdj xkscj feyk ikuh fNM+dk tkrk- tks FkksM+k cgqr vehj gksrs Fks] os xkscj ds miys cukdj] muls pwYgk lqyxk ysrs gSa- pwYgs esa vkx cjkcj tyrh jgus ds fy, miyksa dh t:jr iM+rh gS- ¼[kwu dk rkykc] uohu] ¼vuq½ vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i`-la- 84½ 33- i'kqvksa ds xkscj dks [ksrksa esa [kkn dh rjg Hkh bLrseky fd;k tkrk gS- ;g xkscj tc lw[k tkrk gS rks xjhcksa ds ?kjksa ds pwYgs tykus ds dke vkrk gS¼[kwu dk rkykc] uohu] ¼vuq½ vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i`-la- 84½ 34- iSj èkksus ds fy, yksVk idM+krh jkts'ojEek- ¼ijczã] osyspsfV lqcze.;e] ¼vuq½ rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] i`-la- 27½ 35- jaxktEek us nl #i, dh ,d lkM+h eaxkbZ vkSj gYnh] dqadqe] feljh rFkk ukfj;y ds lkFk v#aèkrh dks HksaV dh- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 89½ 36- mlus yM+dh ds ik¡oksa dh vksj ns[kk- ik¡oksa esa fcfN;k¡ gSa- fookfgr yM+dh gh
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&59
37-
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4142434445-
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gS- ¼bTTrokys] lksnqe t;jke] vdsyh uko dh vkgV vkSj vU; rsyqxq dh pquh gqbZ dgkfu;k¡] ¼vuq½ dksfEe'ksfê eksgu] i`-la- 11½ Å¡pk dn] bdgjk cnu] xsgq¡vk jax] ?kqVuksa rd Å¡ph lkM+h igus --- dqadqe dh vBUuh ds cjkcj fcafn;k tks mlds fookfgrk gksus dk vuk;kl gh nwljksa dks vkHkkl ns jgh Fkh- dkys l?ku ?kqa?kjkys ds'k] tks chp dh ek¡x }kjk ck¡Vs x, Fks] dk ,d rkuk gqvk twMk nkfgus dku dh vksj cuk gqvk Fkk- --- ml twMs esa yky xqM+gy dk Qwy cjcl [kksal fn;k x;k Fkk- --- vkHkw"k.kksa ds uke ij mBs gq, nksuksa dkuksa esa d.kZQwy Fks] --- ukd ds nksuksa vksj NYys yVds gq, Fks- ¼caxkjEek] ikjuafn fueZyk] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la159½ ,d lkeosnh ;KUu 'kkL=h th Hkh Fks- pqUuVsa Mky iryh fdukjh okyh èkksrh iguk djrs Fks- ekFks ij foHkwfr dh rhu js[kk,¡ vkSj chp esa dqadqe dk cM+k Vhdk yxkrs Fks- lhèks gkFk dh vaxqyh esa vaxwBh vkSj iSjksa esa pIiy iguk djrs Fks- gkFk esa Nkrk fy, tc os lM+d ij pyrs rks yxrk fd lk{kkr ljLorh us gh iq#"k os'k èkkj.k dj fy;k gks- ¼ijczã] osyspsfV lqczã.;e] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 26½ ujflagk ikuh dh dk¡oM+ daèkksa ij <ks jgk Fkk- --- mlus f?klh gqbZ eSyh èkksrh iguh gqbZ Fkh tks ?kqVuksa rd eqM+h gqbZ Fkh- ¼ejhfpdk] okfljsìh lhrk nsoh] ¼vuq½ M‚-fot;jk?ko jsìh] M‚-,e- y{ehdkare] i`-la- 10½ mlus lkeus okyh Qwl dh >ksaifM+;ksa dh vksj ns[kk] fQj ogk¡ tkdj cSBus dh bPNk gqbZ- lkeus jkeqyEek fn[kkbZ nh- jkeqyEek us eksVs lwr dh lkM+h dNkSrh yxkdj ?kqVuksa rd ck¡èk j[kh Fkh- ¼ejhfpdk] okfljsìh lhrk nsoh] ¼vuq½ M‚fot;jk?ko jsìh] M‚-,e- y{ehdkare] i`-la- 9 eq¡g fp<+krk olh;rukek] M‚-voljky jke—".k jko] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 17½ osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la62 lqèkkj] jaxuk;dEek] vdsyh uko dh vkgV vkSj vU; rsyqxq dh pquh gqbZ dgkfu;k¡] ¼vuq½ dksfEe'ksfê eksgu] i`-la- 42 fn'kk] fofou ewfrZ] ¼vuq½ jkpdksaMk cgusa] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx&2] i`-la- 57 eSaus tc mlds vkneh dk uke iwNk rks ,sls 'kekZ xbZ ekuks dy gh mldk C;kg gqvk gks- fQj Hkyk vius nwYgs dk uke tqcku ij dSls ykrh- mlus esjs xys esa iM+s eksfr;ksa dh ekyk dh vksj b'kkjk dj fn;k- eSaus dgk & vksg ^eqR;kyq* ¼eksfr;k½ rks mlus 'keZ ls viuk eq¡g <k¡i fy;k Fkk- ¼caxkjEek] ikjuafn fueZyk] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 161½ iÙky esa ijksls x, dVgy dk lkx] dsys dk lkx vkSj vnjd dh pVuh
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&60
vkfn p[kdj flj >qdk;k- ¼cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke] eksDdikVh ujflag 'kkL=h] ¼vuq½ M‚-,e-fc-fo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la- 46½ 47- gk;! dkyh fcYyh] ,e-f'kojke çlkn] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 132 48- mRlo dk migkj] vknwfj osadV lhrkjkeewfrZ] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] vkRe r`fIr] i`-la- 50 49- lqCckjko dk MkbokslZ] M‚-Vh-xkSjh'kadj] ¼vuq½ M‚-,e-jax¸;k] viZ.k] i`-la- 24 50- eSa gksVy esa [kk yw¡xk vkSj rqEgkjs fy, lfCt;k¡ vkSj lkacj ys vkÅ¡xk- dsoy pkoy idk ysuk- ¼eSjst LVksjh] eYykfn osadV —".kewfrZ] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 31 51- fn'kk] fofou ewfrZ] ¼vuq½ jkpdksaMk cgusa] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx&2] i`-la- 53 52- d‚Qh ykus ds fy, eSaus dgk- og ihry ds nks I;kys ykdj muesa d‚Qh dks BaMk djus yxk- --- ,d I;kys esa ls nwljs I;kys esa cgqr Å¡pkbZ ls Mkyus yxk¼cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke] eksDdikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] ¼vuq½ M‚-,e-fc-fo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la- 87½ 53- cSfjLVj ikoZrh'ke] eksDDikfV ujflag 'kkL=h] ¼vuq½ M‚-,e-fc-fo-,s-vkj-'kekZ] i`-la80 54- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la51 55- rkj ij pyus okyh yM+dh lqanje dks lcls vPNh yxh- ml yM+dh dk uhys jax dk Ýkd] gkFkksa esa idM+h lqanj Nrjh] fcuk uhps fxjs rkj ij fn[kk, x, foU;kl] ;s lc mls cM+s vn~Hkqr yxs- ¼i<+kbZ] ds-dqVqacjko] ¼vuq½ vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i`-la- 34½ 56- os daps [ksyrs Fks- daps dks fu'kkuk lkèkdj lhèks xM~<+s esa Mkyuk mls ¼lqanje dks½ ugha vkrk Fkk- dqN cPps cM+h nwj ls gh fu'kkuk lkèkdj Mky nsrs Fksmuesa jk?ko rks cM+k gh dkfcy Fkk- og mdMw¡ cSB tkrk] gkFkksa dks vPNh rjg jxM+rk] fQj dkS, dh rjg flj dks frjNk dj] thHk dks nkarksa ls idM+dj] daps dks nk,¡ gkFk dh rtZuh ij lkèkdj] ck,¡ gkFk dh maxfy;ksa ls mls deku dh rjg ihNs dh vksj [khapdj] NksMrk Fkk- nkao yxkdj [ksyrk rks lcdks gjkdj] muds lc daps thr ysrk Fkk- ¼i<+kbZ] ds-dqVqacjko] ¼vuq½ vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i`-la- 50½ 57- jk?ko <sjh QksM+ [ksyus esa Hkh ekfgj Fkk- og [kqn iRFkj ds <syksa dks xksykdkj esa dkVdj vyx vyx xksykbZ esa cukrk- dkys iRFkj dks Hkh rjg rjg xksykdkj dkVdj mls xksVh dh rjg bLrseky djrk- lc cPps ckjh ckjh mls Qsadrs- ¼i<+kbZ] ds-dqVqacjko] ¼vuq½ vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i`-la- 50½ 58- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la156
59- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la211 60- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la212 61- caxkjEek] ikjuafn fueZyk] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 162 62- i<+kbZ] ds-dqVqacjko] ¼vuq½ vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i`-la- 46 63- i<+kbZ] ds-dqVqacjko] ¼vuq½ vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i`-la- 44 64- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la158 65- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la51 66- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la151 67- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la152 68- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la68&69 69- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`la- 20 70- txnack us fdlh tekus esa ns'k Hkj dh rhFkZ;k=k dj yh Fkh- --- 'kfä ds {kh.k gksus ij Hkxoku dh mRlo ewfrZ;ksa dks ikydh esa 'kksHkk ;k=k djrs oä mlds }kj ds lkeus jksdus ij og ikydh rd tk ueLdkj dj r`Ir gks tk;k djrh Fkh- ¼fpfdRlk dk eeZ] M‚-voljky jke—".k jko] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] i`-la- 21½ 71- --- o"kkZ ugha gqbZ gS --- ,dkèk ckj NksM+ vPNh o"kkZ gqbZ gS --- Qly vPNh gqbZ gS --- Qly vPNh ugha gqbZ gS --- idh Qly gkFk ugha vkbZ gS --- Qly gkFk vkbZ gS --- xk¡o esa d‚yjk&gStk gS] cM+h ekrk&NksVh ekrk tSls jksx QSys gSa -- mu jksxksa ds u vkus ds fy, --- xk¡o esa [kq'kgkyh gS --- [kq'kgkyh ugha gS -- [kq'kgkyh cuh jgs] pkgs tSlh Hkh fLFkfr gks lc jksxksa ds fuokj.kkFkZ Hkxoku ds uke ij ,d tkuoj NksM+ fn;k tkrk gS- ¼eqf[k;k dk cSy] okjky —".kewfrZ] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 94½ 72- xk¡o ds Nksj ij fLFkr cjxn ds isM+ ds uhps fLFkr Hkxoku ds eafnj esa mRlo euk;k tk jgk Fkk- xk¡o dh lkjh turk ogk¡ bdëh Fkh- <iyh dk 'kksj] rqjgh dh rwrh] >k¡> dh >udkj ls dku ds ijns QVs tk jgs Fks] eafnj ls lkS xt dh nwjh ij mRlo dh ifo= ydM+h dks xkM+k x;k- mls gYnh] dqadqe yxkdj Qwy ekyk,¡ yisVh xbZa- mlls dqN nwjh ij cSy dks jLlh ls ck¡èk dqN yksx mls idM+s [kM+s Fks- cSy dks ml fnu ugyk&èkqykdj ekFks ij gYnh o dqadqe
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&61
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&62
yxk xys esa Qwy dh ekyk igukdj vya—r fd;k x;k Fkk- ¼eqf[k;k dk cSy] okjky —".kewfrZ] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgku;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 99½ 73- eukSrh] ikjuafn fueZyk] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 154 74- eukSrh] ikjuafn fueZyk] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 154 75- lqèkkj] jaxuk;dEek] vdsyh uko dh vkgV vkSj vU; rsyqxq dh pquh gqbZ dgkfu;k¡] ¼vuq½ dksfEe'ksfê eksgu] i`-la- 33 76- jäèkkjk dh Hkkafr egkoj dk ikuh Mkyk x;k Fkk- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 334½ 77- xk; ds xys esa ^–f"V nks"k* dks gVkus okyh jLlh c¡èkh Fkh- --- xk; ij ls nhB mrkjh xbZ- twBs iÙkyksa dks xk; ij ls mrkjdj tyk fn;k x;k- xk; us fQj Hkh nwèk ugha fn;k- ¼osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`-la- 16½ 78- ejhfpdk] okfljsìh lhrk nsoh] ¼vuq½ M‚-fot;jk?ko jsìh] M‚-,e- y{ehdkare] i`-la11 79- fpfdRlk dk eeZ] M‚-voljky jke—".k jko] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 21½ 80- eq¡g fp<+krk olh;rukek] M‚-voljky jke—".k jko] ¼vuq½ ikjuafn fueZyk] rsyqxq dh çfrfufèk dgkfu;k¡] Hkkx & 1] i`-la- 17 81- lqèkkj] jaxuk;dEek] vdsyh uko dh vkgV vkSj vU; rsyqxq dh pquh gqbZ dgkfu;k¡] ¼vuq½ dksfEe'ksfê eksgu] i`-la- 42 82- lqèkkj] jaxuk;dEek] vdsyh uko dh vkgV vkSj vU; rsyqxq dh pquh gqbZ dgkfu;k¡] ¼vuq½ dksfEe'ksfê eksgu] i`-la- 36 83- i<+kbZ] ds-dqVqacjko] ¼vuq½ vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i`-la- 126 84- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`la- 81 85- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`la- 57 86- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`la- 292 87- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`la- 381 88- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`la- 48 89- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] lglzQ.k] i`la- 70
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&63
90- i<+kbZ] ds-dqVqacjko] ¼vuq½ vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i`-la- 44 91- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] la- 345 92- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] la- 283 93- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] la- 24 94- osf;iMxyq] fo'oukFk lR;ukjk;.k] ¼vuq½ M‚-ih-oh-ujflEgkjko] la- 97 95- varj] M‚-'kkfUrukjk;.k] i`-la- 44 96- [kwu dk rkykc] uohu] ¼vuq½] vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i`-la- 1 97- [kwu dk rkykc] uohu] ¼vuq½] vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i`-la- 36 98- [kwu dk rkykc] uohu] ¼vuq½] vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i`-la- 3 99- [kwu dk rkykc] uohu] ¼vuq½] vkj-'kkark lqanjh] i`-la- 22
lglzQ.k] i`lglzQ.k] i`lglzQ.k] i`lglzQ.k] i`-
rsyqxq lkfgR; dk fganh vuqokn % ijaijk vkSj çns;&64