Encyclopedia of me - Bowei Tang - 1034481

Encyclopedia of Me

Encyclopedia Bowei Tang 1034481 Practical 8 Masato Takasaka Peter Burke Semester 02 Year 2020

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Contents

Encyclopedia of Me

6-27 Artists 32-55 Movies 58-79 Trademark Posters 84-107 Fashion 110-131 Music Bands 135-159 Product Design 162-185 Lifestyles 188-209 Automobiles 214-235 Architectures 240-263 Soft wares Right

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1 Artists

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1 Daniel Arsham

Daniel Arsham (born 1980 in Cleveland, Ohio) is an American artist. He lives and works in New York City.

Arsham’s multidisciplinary art combines art, architecture and performance. Raised in Miami, Florida, Arsham was just 12 when Hurricane Andrew destroyed his home. This traumatic event continues to be a theme in his work. His collaboration with fashion pieces makes good use of this feature. The hues and aesthetics presented by the line-up are both striking and unobtrusive, making it clear at a glance that this is Daniel Arsham’s style. In this series, Daniel art object mostly comes from the young people have experienced or are experiencing the daily supplies, for example, Aberdeen basketball, ps4 handle, and Disney’s cartoon characters, and the strangeness of the familiar, let many trend item with Daniel Arsham getting, more easily in the combined with its own products at the same time, and give the product a different new look.

In this way, it is easier to arouse the resonance and thinking of the current young people. While giving a wonderful visual experience, it also enables the young generation to think deeply about their own life style, consumption view, material desire, environmental protection and other issues.This happens to be the serious side of trendy culture’s concerns.

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2 Zeng Fanzhi

Zeng Fanzhi, born in 1964 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, graduated from the Oil Painting Department of Hubei Institute of Fine Arts in 1991.Since the 1990s, Zeng Fanzhi’s works, with his unique language style and keen social criticism, have been widely praised by critics and continuously paid attention to by the public.Zeng fanzhi, meanwhile, to participate in a series of international and domestic important art show, including the first guangzhou biennale (1992), guangzhou triennale (2002), the Venice biennale (2009), etc.

He comes from Wuhan, a city near the Yangtze River. As a poor student at an art college, he attracted the attention of teachers and critics who praised his rebellion against the aesthetic standards of social realism endorsed by the Communist Party.Undaunted, Mr. Zeng has created a more realistic series of patients suffering at the hands of hard-hearted doctors at a public hospital near his home.Then he zeroed in on the nearby meat factory and the huge chunks of frozen meat inside.In one, raw meat piled thick in red and pink, butchers and their families take naps over thinly covered corpses.

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3 Yue Minjun

Yue Minjun, whose ancestral home is Yiyang, Hunan province, was born in Daqing city, Heilongjiang Province in December 1962.Yue Minjun grew up in the courtyard, lived a very simple life and had little contact with the society. Such growing environment and some experiences after work also affected his later artistic creation tendency. Yue Minjun’s creation is inspired by self-portrait, which is similar to Fang Lijun’s painting. He likes to use his own image as a model, directing and acting all kinds of funny, exaggerated actions and expressions with eyes closed and smirking, which has become a representative work of contemporary realism.There are three characteristics in the creation process of his paintings: the use of symbolic formal language. Yue Minjun exaggerates his artistic creation with a large number of symbolic repetition techniques. Through this combination of repetition and exaggeration, it brings great visual tension and impact to the viewer.In terms of color expression, Yue Minjun abandoned the traditional full-tone realistic style of painting and used a monochromatic sketch language with a nearly flat painting technique to depict the characters. The colors are pure and clean and the expression effect is strong, giving people a sense of visual shock.In the form of expression, he integrated the design techniques into the composition of paintings. The composition of geometric forms combined with the repetitive arrangement of symbolic elements broke the realistic tendency of the natural representation of traditional oil paintings, and used the method of abstract composition to highlight the subject to be expressed, thus leaving a deep impression on viewers.

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4 Joan Cornella

Joan Cornellà Vázquez (born 11 January 1981, Barcelona) is a cartoonist and illustrator famous for his unsettling, surreal humor and black humorous comic strips as well as artwork.

Cornellà’s work has often been described as disturbing or flat-out offensive. Through simplistic visual language, he is able to use satire to comment on the sinister and often bleak side of human nature through a myriad of unconventional scenarios. Everything from our unnatural connection to social media and masturbatory selfie culture to political topics such as abortion, addiction and gender issues – no subject is off limits. Cornellà’s work revels in its absurdity and impropriety.

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5 Banksy

Banksy is an anonymous England-based street artist, political activist, and film director, active since the 1990s. His satirical street art and subversive epigrams combine dark humour with graffiti executed in a distinctive stenciling technique. His works of political and social commentary have been featured on streets, walls, and bridges throughout the world. Banksy displays his art on publicly visible surfaces such as walls and self-built physical prop pieces. Banksy no longer sells photographs or reproductions of his street graffiti, but his public “installations� are regularly resold, often even by removing the wall they were painted on.

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6 Death NYC

She grew up in New York, she was exposed to a variety of cultures, which made her question the things she saw on the street. This experience is vital in the choice of her pseudonym and approach. Death prefers to remain anonymous as this way she can keep her freedom to work in the street. Initially, Death used to paint on walls and floors of mainstream stores of the Soho and Chelsea quarter. Her pseudonym is actually an acronym of “Don’t Easily Abandon The Hope”, which is often misleading for the public, especially when the artist writes her slogan “Death is free” in the streets. In her work, Death mocks the media, by distorting the images of the popular culture. One of her most famous works is Mao Zedong’s representation with a pink bow in his hair and pink lipstick.

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7 Zhang Xiaogang

Zhang Xiaogang was born in Kunming, Yunnan Province in 1958. He graduated from Sichuan Academy of Fine Arts in 1982.Living and working in Beijing Zhang Xiaogang, known as “the miniature artist of Chinese contemporary art”, has almost completely experienced the development of Chinese contemporary art for 30 years.He imagined himself as Franz Kafka and Vincent van Gogh, and history defines him as Andy Warhol.This assessment reveals Mr Zhang’s ambition to be remembered as a great artist rather than a producer of best-selling works of art.The comment also seems to smack of coquetry, as many Chinese artists are vying for the title of “China’s Andy Warhol”.From the exploration of Modernism in Chinese art in the early period of reform and opening up in the 1980s, to the integration of Chinese art with international art after the 1990s, to the development of market economy and the ensuing sky-high auction prices after 2000, Zhang Xiaogang and his works have never lost touch with the times.

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8 Shen Lieyi

Shen Liyi, born in Hangzhou in 1969, graduated from the Sculpture department of China Academy of Art in 1995. He is now the director of The Chinese Sculpture Society, the vice President of the Sculpture Research Society of Zhejiang Province, and the vice President of the Sculpture and Public Art College of China Academy of Art. When Shen Liyi was a child, he lived near a canal in Hangzhou. One day, he was playing with a barge when he fell into the river and almost drowned.Struggling in the water to see the dark shadow on the bottom of the boat stirring overhead, he turned to the side of the boat but could not get up, just as other boats passed by to pick him up.Until now he remembered the fear and despair of falling into the water.

On that day, he almost drowned, was the same day as Chairman MAO’s memorial commerce, people cried their hearts out. That day is like a node, is Shen Lieyi’s personal life and death of a major event, but also a major event of that era.But that fear didn’t keep him away. Instead, he showed enough concern and interest in the water. Childhood is full of fun.During the day, we would cross a field high above our heads from home to school. At night, we would enjoy the cool air in the courtyard, look up at the stars and listen to the frogs’ voices to fall asleep.I loved watching rainstorms and typhoons coming, the rain clattering against the Windows, the trees bending and straightened and blown down in the distance.He was fascinated by the magic of nature. It was like a root, a subtle influence that grew between heaven and earth.Therefore, rather than playing wild as a child, he was more in touch with nature and became more sensitive to some phenomena in nature.

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9 Zhang Leping

Zhang Leping (November 10, 1910 -- September 27, 1992) was a Chinese cartoonist from Haiyan, Zhejiang province. His best-known work was SAN MAO, known as “Father of SAN MAO” and “Grandfather SAN MAO”. He loved painting since childhood, and was instructed by his teacher in primary school to complete his first cartoon work.From a poor family, zhang Leping, 15, had to graduate from primary school and become an apprentice in a wooden industry, where his painting skills were improved with the support of his owner.In addition to his apprenticeship, Zhang studied at a private art school, painted lunar calendar year pictures and painted advertisements.In 1927, he joined the propaganda team of The Northern Lumberjack Army in my hometown, mainly responsible for the drawing of propaganda pictures and leaflets.

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10 Tyler Gregory Okonma

Known by his stage name Tyler The Creator, He is an American rapper and record producer. Born in Radla Heights, California, he rose to fame as the leader of Odd Future, an alternative hip-hop group that rapped and produced nearly every single one of its works. Mr. Okoma has also created cover paintings for all of the group’s releases, and he said in an interview that he designed all of the group’s clothing and other related products.

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11 Donald Glover

Donald McKinley Glover Jr. (born September 25, 1983) is an American actor, singer, rapper, comedian, writer, producer, and director. He performs music under the stage name Childish Gambino and occasionally as a DJ under the name mcDJ. After working on Derrick Comedy while studying at New York University, Glover was hired at age 23 by Tina Fey as a writer for the NBC sitcom 30 Rock. He later rose to fame for portraying college student Troy Barnes on the NBC sitcom Community from 2009 to 2013. Since 2016, Glover stars in the FX series Atlanta, which he created and occasionally directs. For his work on Atlanta, Glover won various accolades, including two Primetime Emmy Awards and two Golden Globe Awards.

Glover has also influenced a number of younger musicians and actors. Rapper Vince Staples talks of Glover’s ability to constantly reinvent himself, while actor and writer, Naren Weiss cites his versatility as a source of inspiration.

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12 Bob Marley

Jamaican singer, musician and songwriter Bob Marley served as a world ambassador for reggae music and sold more than 20 million records throughout his career. Marley achieved several great accomplishments during his lifetime, including serving as a world ambassador for reggae music, earning induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994, and selling more than 20 million records—making him the first international superstar to emerge from the so-called Third World.

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2 Movie

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2 M O VI E

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1 Back To The Future

It is a 1985 science fiction adventure film directed by American director Robert Zemeckis from a screenplay written by Zemeckis and Bob Gail and executive produced by Steven Spielberg, starring Michael. J. FOX, Christopher Lloyd, Crispin Glover, Lea Thompson, and Thomas. F. Wilson.In Back to the Future, Marty McFly, a high school student accidentally sent back 30 years by a time machine, seeks ways to return to the “future” while also trying to avoid the time confusion caused by the breakup of his parents’ marriage.

Set in the United States in 1985, Marty McFly (Marty McFly) is a 17-year-old high school student living in a conservative family in Valley, California, who aspired to become a rock band superstar.But Mattie’s home environment isn’t all that great: Her father, George McFly, is a craven office worker who gets picked on by his boss, Biff Tannen;Her mother, Roland, was pedantic and conservative, and could not bear to see anything new.Mattie, meanwhile, is planning a weekend camping trip to the lake with his girlfriend Jennifer in the family’s only clunky car;One day late at night, accompanied with his hand in a good town geek - Dr. Brown (Emmett “Doc” Brown) and Dr. Einstein love a dog, with a modified DeLorean cars equipped with a time machine to test, and is responsible for the photographic record of the work, but unfortunately met Libyan terrorists to punish used to drive the time conversion machine of plutonium, Dr Dr Even shot, Marty to avoid killing terrorists, jumped into the car time attempted to flee, but accidentally opened the time machine move back and forth between functions, back in the 30 years ago.

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2 A Clockwork Orange

A Clockwork Orange is Anthony Burgess’s most famous novel and its impact on literary, musical and visual culture has been extensive. The novel is concerned with the conflict between the individual and the state, the punishment of young criminals, and the possibility or otherwise of redemption. The linguistic originality of the book, and the moral questions it raises, are as relevant now as they ever were.

With its prophetic mixture of drugs, music, fashion and juvenile violence, Burgess’s novel developed a countercultural following in the 1960s. Yet A Clockwork Orange did not reach a mass audience until Stanley Kubrick’s film adaptation was released in January 1972. Later on, Burgess sought to distance himself from Kubrick’s ‘highly coloured and explicit’ film and expressed frustration that he would be remembered for this ‘very minor work’, when there were other novels that he valued more highly.

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3 Electroma

The decision to produce a film that bears the group’s name in its title while doing away with their music is a bold decision, but one that seems to have had a liberating effect. Rather than organising the film’s imagery solely around its soundscape, Bangalter and Homen-Christo’s use of music throughout Electroma is highly restrained; silence is the film’s predominant motif. In the absence of dialogue, it is the music with its distinctive 1970s tones (Todd Rundgren, Curtis Mayfield and Brian Eno) that gives voice to the robot protagonists, shifting between lyrics such as “I am scared”, and “I want to be a man”.

As the robots wander off into the desert in the film’s final stages, Electroma’s existential poetry comes to the fore. Cutting between various still shots of dunes and ridges, the sequence concludes, almost imperceptibly, with a forward tracking shot between a woman’s thighs. The deft switch from a barren landscape to an image with metaphoric associations of life and birth retraces the robots’ desire, but here it’s an impossible object, an oasis that can never be realised. The film’s final imagery, at once beautiful and sombre is equally haunting, as Jackson C. Frank’s lyrics cry out, “I want to be alone…face the grave that I have grown”. Electroma is a compelling piece of cinema.

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4 Kill Bill

Quentin Jerome Tarantino was born in Knoxville, Tennessee. His father, Tony Tarantino, is an Italian-American actor and musician from New York, and his mother, Connie (McHugh), is a nurse from Tennessee. Quentin moved with his mother to Torrance, California, when he was four years old.

The movie is all storytelling and no story. The motivations have no psychological depth or resonance, but are simply plot markers. The characters consist of their characteristics. Lurking beneath everything, as it did with “Pulp Fiction,” is the suggestion of a parallel universe in which all of this makes sense in the same way that a superhero’s origin story makes sense. There’s B&W in the movie, and slo-mo, and a name that’s bleeped entirely for effect, and even an extended sequence in anime. The animated sequence, which gets us to Tokyo and supplies the backstory of O-Ren, is sneaky in the way it allows Tarantino to deal with material that might, in live action, seem too real for his stylized universe. It deals with a Mafia kingpin’s pedophilia. The scene works in animated long shot; in live action closeup, it would get the movie an NC-17.

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5 Star Wars

George Walton Lucas Jr, born May 14, 1944, is an American film director, producer, screenwriter, and entrepreneur. Lucas is best known for creating the Star Wars and Indiana Jones franchises and founding Lucasfilm, LucasArts, and Industrial Light & Magic. He served as chairman of Lucasfilm before selling it to The Walt Disney Company in 2012. Lucas is one of history’s most financially successful filmmakers and has been nominated for four Academy Awards. His films are among the 100 highest-grossing movies at the North American box office, adjusted for ticket-price inflation. Lucas is considered a significant figure of the 20thcentury New Hollywood movement.

The original film, retroactively subtitled Episode IV: A New Hope, was followed by the sequels Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back (1980) and Episode VI: Return of the Jedi (1983), forming the original Star Wars trilogy. A prequel trilogy was later released, consisting of Episode I: The Phantom Menace (1999), Episode II: Attack of the Clones (2002), and Episode III: Revenge of the Sith (2005). In 2012, Lucas sold his production company to Disney, relinquishing his ownership of the franchise. The subsequently produced sequel trilogy consists of Episode VII: The Force Awakens (2015), Episode VIII: The Last Jedi (2017), and Episode IX: The Rise of Skywalker (2019). Together, the three trilogies form what has been referred to as the “Skywalker saga”.

All nine films were nominated for Academy Awards (with wins going to the first two released) and were commercially successful.

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6 Blade Runner

Sir Ridley Scott (born 30 November 1937) is an English film director and producer. He is best known for directing the science fiction horror film Alien, the neo-noir dystopian film Blade Runner, the road adventure film Thelma & Louise, the historical drama film Gladiator, the war film Black Hawk Down, and the science fiction film The Martian . The film has influenced many science fiction films, video games, anime, and television series. It brought the work of Philip K. Dick to the attention of Hollywood, and several later big-budget films were based on his work, such as Total Recall ,Minority Report and A Scanner Darkly. In the year after its release, Blade Runner won the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation, and in 1993 it was selected for preservation in the U.S. National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being “culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant�. A sequel, Blade Runner 2049, was released in October 2017.

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7 Hitman

Xavier Gens, born on 27 April 1975 in Dunkirk, France, is a French film director.

Hitman is a 2007 action-thriller film directed by Xavier Gens and based on the video game series of the same name. The story revolves around Agent 47, a professional hitman, who was engineered to be an assassin by the group known as “The Organization�. He becomes ensnared in a political conspiracy and finds himself pursued by both Interpol and Russian intelligence.

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8 Farewell My Concubine

Chen Kaige is a Chinese film director and a leading figure of the fifth generation of Chinese cinema. His films are known for their visual flair and epic storytelling. Chen won the Palme d’Or at 1993 Cannes Film Festival and the International Federation of Film Critics Award in 1993.

Farewell My Concubine is a 1993 Chinese historical drama film directed by Chen Kaige, starring Leslie Cheung, Gong Li, and Zhang Fengyi. An adaptation of the novel by Lilian Lee, the film is set in a politically tumultuous China during the 20th century, from the early days of the Republic of China to the aftermath of the Cultural Revolution. It chronicles the troubled relationships between two Peking opera actors and lifelong friends Cheng Dieyi and Duan Xiaolou, and Xiaolou’s wife Juxian. The movie is about confusion of identity and blurred lines between real life and the stage, portrayed by the revered opera actor Dieyi, whose unrequited love for Xiaolou persists through the movie. Scholar Ying notes that in order “attract the international audience, Chinese history and Peking Opera are drawn close while homosexuality, individual perversities and moral dilemmas are transposed distant”. Commentators also noted themes of political and societal disturbances in 20th-century China, which is typical of the Chinese Fifth Generation cinema.

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9 Initial D

Shuichi Shigeno, is a Japanese manga artist famous for creating Initial D. Shigeno has also created Baribari Densetsu, Dopkan, and Tunnel Nuketara Sky Blue (“First Love in Summer”) all prior to the manga that would make him famous in 1995. In 1985, he received the Kodansha Manga Award in shōnen for Bari Bari Densetsu.

Initial D, is a Japanese street racing manga series written and illustrated by Shuichi Shigeno. It was serialized in Weekly Young Magazine from 1995 to 2013, with the chapters collected into 48 tankōbon volumes by Kodansha. The story focuses on the world of illegal Japanese street racing, where all the action is concentrated in the mountain passes and rarely in cities or urban areas, and with the drifting racing style emphasized in particular. Professional race car driver and pioneer of drifting Keiichi Tsuchiya helped with editorial supervision. The story is centered on the prefecture of Gunma, more specifically on several mountains in the Kantō region and in their surrounding cities and towns. Although some of the names of the locations the characters race in have been fictionalized, all of the locations in the series are based on actual locations in Japan.

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10 Miracles of the Namiya General Store

Keigo Higashino, is a Japanese author chiefly known for his mystery novels. He served as the 13th President of Mystery Writers of Japan from 2009 to 2013. Higashino has won major Japanese awards for his books, almost twenty of which have been turned into films and TV series.. In 1980, the Namiya General Store becomes popular with citizens after its owner, Yōji Namiya, accepts peoples’ advice letters to seek advice for anything troubling them, similar to an agony aunt. When the store is closed, people would drop their letters through a hole in the roll-up door, collected in a mailbox, and would receive a handwritten reply from Namiya in a milk box hung outside. In 2012, three delinquents, Atsuya, Shota & Kohei, take shelter in the abandoned Namiya General Store after committing some wrongdoings. Staying until the morning, the boys’ pillaging is mysteriously interrupted by an advice letter being posted, although nobody is outside. The letter is addressed to the General Store and traditionally was written by someone to consult about worries.

Upon reading, the boys realise it was written in 1980, 32 years ago. When Kohei decides to reply, the mysteries and secrets of the old General Store comes to light, as their letters transcend time and space to touch a variety of characters, revealing the pasts of Namiya, and follows the many miracles that intertwine the lives of the seemingly unrelated cast.

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11 Akira

Katsuhiro Otomo, is a Japanese manga artist, screenwriter and film director. He is best known as the creator of the manga Akira and its animated film adaptation. He was decorated a Chevalier of the French Ordre des Arts et des Lettres in 2005, promoted to Officier of the order in 2014, became the fourth manga artist ever inducted into the American Eisner Award Hall of Fame in 2012, and was awarded the Purple Medal of Honor from the Japanese government in 2013.[4] Otomo later received the Winsor McCay Award at the 41st Annie Awards in 2014 and the 2015 Grand Prix de la ville d’Angoulême, the first manga artist to receive the award. Set in a dystopian 2019, Akira tells the story of Shōtarō Kaneda, a leader of a biker gang whose childhood friend, Tetsuo Shima, acquires incredible telekinetic abilities after a motorcycle accident, eventually threatening an entire military complex amidst chaos and rebellion in the sprawling futuristic metropolis of Neo-Tokyo. While most of the character designs and settings were adapted from the manga, the plot differs considerably and does not include much of the last half of the manga. The soundtrack, which draws heavily from traditional Indonesian gamelan as well as Japanese noh music, was composed by Shōji Yamashiro and performed by Geinoh Yamashirogumi.

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12 Tom & Jerry

The series features comic fights between an iconic pair of adversaries, a house cat (Tom) and a mouse (Jerry). The plots of each short usually center on Tom and Jerry’s numerous attempts to have the best of each other and the mayhem and destruction that follows. Despite Tom’s clever strategies (whether they work or not), determined and energetic mindset, large size, and exceptional overall intelligence, he rarely succeeds in getting the best of Jerry, mainly because of Jerry’s cunning abilities, luck, and his lack of tendencies in being a bit too reckless. However, on several occasions, they have displayed genuine friendship and concern for each other’s well-being. At other times, the pair set aside their rivalry in order to pursue a common goal, such as when a baby escapes the watch of a negligent babysitter, causing Tom and Jerry to pursue the baby and keep it away from danger, in the shorts Busy Buddies and Tot Watchers respectively. Despite their endless attacks on one another, they have saved each other’s lives every time they were truly in danger.

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3 Trademark Posters

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1 Apple

Steven Paul Jobs was an American inventor, designer and entrepreneur who was the co-founder, chief executive and chairman of Apple Computer. Apple’s revolutionary products, which include the iPod, iPhone and iPad, are now seen as dictating the evolution of modern technology. Born in 1955 to two University of Wisconsin graduate students who gave him up for adoption, Jobs was smart but directionless, dropping out of college and experimenting with different pursuits before co-founding Apple with Steve Wozniak in 1976. Apple Computers, Inc. was founded on April 1, 1976, by college dropouts Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, who brought to the new company a vision of changing the way people viewed computers. Jobs and Wozniak wanted to make computers small enough for people to have them in their homes or offices.

In fact, this logo we all know today would never have happened if he listened to everybody. So if they had given him a brief, it would have given him all the wrong stuff. He just wanted to make the computer easy and fun to be around.

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2 Coca-Cola

On 8 May 1886, Dr John S Pemberton nailed the formula, but it was his bookkeeper who came up with the name “Coca-Cola®”. Frank M Robinson, suggested that “the two Cs would look well in advertising”. And with that, Robinson also designed the now world famous Coca-Cola script logo. He wanted his name for the new product to have an effective and dramatic style of its own. He experimented with an elaborate Spencerian script, a form of penmanship characteristic of that time. After consultation, the others working at Pemberton’s company adopted the script by unanimous consent. Drawn in flowing handwriting, Robinson’s elaborate script was very “of the moment”, and it remains one of the most recognisable trademarks in the world.

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3 McDonald’s

Raymond Albert Kroc, October 5, 1902 – January 14, 1984, was an American businessman. He joined the California company McDonald’s in 1954, after the McDonald brothers had franchised six locations out from their original 1940 operation in San Bernardino. The first McDonald’s restaurant was started in 1948 by brothers Maurice (“Mac”) and Richard McDonald in San Bernardino, California. They bought appliances for their small hamburger restaurant from salesman Ray Kroc, who was intrigued by their need for eight malt and shake mixers. Ray Kroc wanted to build a restaurant system that would be famous for providing food of consistently high quality and uniform methods of preparation. He wanted to serve burgers, fries and beverages that tasted just the same in Alaska as they did in Alabama. To achieve this, he chose a unique path: persuading both franchisees and suppliers to buy into his vision, working not for McDonald’s but for themselves, together with McDonald’s. He promoted the slogan, “In business for yourself, but not by yourself.” His philosophy was based on the simple principle of a 3-legged stool: one leg was McDonald’s franchisees; the second, McDonald’s suppliers; and the third, McDonald’s employees. The stool was only as strong as the three legs that formed its foundation.

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4 Nike

Philip Hampson Knight (born February 24, 1938), is an American billionaire businessman. He is the co-founder and chairman emeritus of Nike, Inc., and was previously chairman and CEO of the company. The company was founded on January 25, 1964, as “Blue Ribbon Sports”, by Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight, and officially became Nike, Inc. on May 30, 1971. The company takes its name from Nike, the Greek goddess of victory. Nike markets its products under its own brand, as well as Nike Golf, Nike Pro, Nike+, Air Jordan, Nike Blazers, Air Force 1, Nike Dunk, Air Max, Foamposite, Nike Skateboarding, Nike CR7, and subsidiaries including Brand Jordan, and Converse. Nike also owned Bauer Hockey (later renamed Nike Bauer) from 1995 to 2008, and previously owned Cole Haan, Umbro, and Hurley International. In addition to manufacturing sportswear and equipment, the company operates retail stores under the Niketown name. Nike sponsors many high-profile athletes and sports teams around the world, with the highly recognized trademarks of “Just Do It” and the Swoosh logo.

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5 Diadora

Diadora was founded in 1948 by Marcello Danieli, who first began working in the trade as a young boy. He called his company “Diadora” a name suggested by a friend. The word comes from the name given by the Greeks of Byzantium to the Dalmatian town of Zadar. Originally called “de ladera” or “from Zadar,” it was mistakenly copied and translated from Dalmatian to Latin, becoming, along the way “Diadora.” Danieli, helped by his wife, managed to successfully launch his first product, mountain climbing boots. Diadora is an Italian sportswear and footwear manufacturing company based in Caerano di San Marco (Veneto), subsidiary of Geox. Founded in 1948, it also has locations in Brazil, the United States, Hong Kong,[1] Australia and Bangladesh. Nowadays, Diadora produces a wide of clothing products that include t-shirts, polo shirts, hoodies, jackets, leggins, shorts, and compression garment. The company also produces footwear (football boots and other athletic shoes). Diadora also commercialises football balls in the US market.

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6 New Balance

New Balance was founded as New Balance Arch Support Company in 1906 by William J. Riley. An Irish immigrant, Riley resided in Boston, Massachusetts. It is believed that Riley was inspired to produce his first product after watching chickens strut around his backyard. Fascinated by how the chickens balanced so perfectly on their three-pronged feet, Riley designed a flexible arch support with three support points.

In 1976, New Balance launched the 320, the first New Balance sneaker to feature the now-famous ‘N‘ logo. An archetypal runner made up in nylon and suede, sales of the 320 rocketed when the sneaker was voted as the number one running shoe on the market by Runner’s World magazine. The success of the 320 marked New Balance’s global breakthrough.

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7 Adidas

Adolf “Adi” Dassler (3 November 1900 – 6 December 1978) was a German cobbler, inventor and entrepreneur who founded the German sportswear company Adidas. He was also the younger brother of Rudolf Dassler, founder of Puma. Dassler was an innovator in athletic shoe design and one of the early promoters who obtained endorsements from athletes to drive sale of his products. As a result of his concepts, Adi Dassler built the largest manufacturer of sportswear and equipment. Initially, Adidas added stripes to its running shoes to make them more durable. By the way, the runner Jesse Owens won the 1933 Olympics wearing the Adidas shoes. The stripes on the trefoil emblem symbolize the company’s focus on variety, while the three trefoil leaves stand for three parts of the world (North America, Europe, and Asia) where you can buy its products. The mountain-shaped logo conveys the idea of overcoming challenges and pursuing your goals no matter what. As for the round emblem, it stands for the globe and fast adaptation to changes.

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8 Michelin

In 1886, 33-year-old André Michelin abandoned his career as a successful Parisian engineer to take over his grandfather’s failing agricultural goods and farm equipment business. Established in 1832,”Michelin et Cie” suffered from neglect and was on the verge of insolvency following the founder’s death. Michelin’s grandfather had started the company that sold farm equipment and an odd assortment of vulcanized rubber products, such as belts, valves and pipes. In 1905, Michelin opened a sales office in London. The Michelin Man changed into a knight to conquer this new territory, wearing a helmet and carrying a shield. For his coat of arms, O’Galop drew his accoutrements: the spectacles, the cup, a cigar, and the cross-section of a tyre with a nail incapable of puncturing it. In the caption, a line from Tennyson is adapted to promote his tyres, “My strength is as the strength of ten, because my rubber is pure.”

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9 Fedex

Frederick Smith was born in Marks, Mississippi, the son of James Frederick “Fred” Smith, the founder of the Toddle House restaurant chain and the Smith Motor Coach Company (renamed the Dixie Greyhound Lines after The Greyhound Corporation bought a controlling interest in 1931). The elder Smith died when his son was only 4, and the boy was raised by his mother and uncles. Designed by Landor Associates in 1994, the FedEx logo might appear simple, boring even, to the casual observer. But once you have spotted the forward-facing arrow created by the negative space between the ‘E’ and the ‘x’, it is impossible not to think “that’s clever”. “Neither typeface was particularly suited to forcing an arrow into its assigned parking place without torturing the beautifully crafted letterforms of the respective faces,” Leader told TheSneeze. com blog in 2004. “I took the best characteristics of both and combined them into unique and proprietary letterforms that included both ligatures and a higher x-height.”

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10 Amazon

Jeffrey Preston Bezos, is an American internet entrepreneur, industrialist, media proprietor, and investor. He is best known as the founder, CEO, and president of the multi-national technology company Amazon. The first centi-billionaire on the Forbes wealth index, Bezos has been the world’s richest person since 2017 and was named the “richest man in modern history” after his net worth increased to $150 billion in July 2018.

As one of the giants in the retail business, it goes without saying that Amazon has quickly carved out a place within influential retail brands. Founded in 1994 in Seattle, Washington, the company was originally called Cadabra, a decision that was quickly changed after noticing it resembled the word “cadaver”. In the beginning, Amazon just sold books online, which allowed them to grow very quickly. They generated $20,000 in revenue a week in the first two months of business. Since their days of only selling books, Amazon has become one of the biggest players in the field of online commerce - as we know it today. The Amazon smile has become as recognizable as the logo itself. This is a good example of why it is import to have a logo that is versatile.

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11 Levi’s

Levi Strauss, the inventor of the quintessential American garment, was born in Buttenheim, Bavaria on February 26, 1829 to Hirsch Strauss and his second wife, Rebecca Haas Strauss; Levi had three older brothers and three older sisters. Two years after his father succumbed to tuberculosis in 1846, Levi and his sisters emigrated to New York, where they were met by his two older brothers who owned a NYC-based wholesale dry goods business called “J. Strauss Brother & Co.” Levi soon began to learn the trade himself. Levi carried on other business pursuits during his career, as well. He became a charter member and treasurer of the San Francisco Board of Trade in 1877. He was a director of the Nevada Bank, the Liverpool, London and Globe Insurance Company and the San Francisco Gas and Electric Company. In 1875, Levi and two associates purchased the Mission and Pacific Woolen Mills.

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12 Disney

Walter Elias Disney, was an American entrepreneur, animator, writer, voice actor and film producer. A pioneer of the American animation industry, he introduced several developments in the production of cartoons. As a film producer, Disney holds the record for most Academy Awards earned by an individual, having won 22 Oscars from 59 nominations. He was presented with two Golden Globe Special Achievement Awards and an Emmy Award, among other honors. Since the 1980s, Disney has created and acquired corporate divisions in order to market more mature content than is typically associated with its flagship family-oriented brands. The company is known for its film studio division, The Walt Disney Studios, which includes Walt Disney Pictures, Walt Disney Animation Studios, Pixar, Marvel Studios, Lucasfilm, 20th Century Studios, Searchlight Pictures, and Blue Sky Studios. Disney’s other main business units include divisions in television, broadcasting, streaming media, theme park resorts, consumer products, publishing, and international operations.

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4 Fashion

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1 Maison Martin Margiela

Radical conceptual designer Martin Margiela founded his namesake couture house in 1988 and quickly established himself at the forefront of the Belgian fashion avant-garde. In his career-long refusal to grant interviews or public appearances, he embodied the atelier’s principles of anonymity and collective craftsmanship. Following the designer’s departure in 2009, the line was helmed by its Paris-based design team until the appointment of John Galliano as creative director in 2014. Transformation and deconstruction are always at the heart of the label’s reinvented classic menswear. Repurposed materials, distressed treatments, modern suits and tailoring, minimalist leather bags, clever jewelry, and endless interpretations of its signature Replica sneakers are always represented in Maison Margiela’s intellectual blend of conceptualism and luxury.

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2 Raf Simons

RAF SIMONS, Belgian designer Raf Simons launched his namesake men’s collection in 1995, after switching from an industrial design course to fashion at Antwerp’s Royal Academy. Immersed in the counterculture of early 90s Antwerp, Simons captured the energy of the city’s fashion underground in pioneering collections inspired by music and the rebellious energy of youth culture. Athletic influences, minimalism, and deconstruction join futuristic prints and color schemes in his relentlessly modern blends of men’s tailoring and streetwear. Pop art-influenced graphics, collaged photo prints, and high-tech sneakers designed in a recurring collaboration with adidas complement parkas, bomber jackets, graphic tees and button-downs, slim trousers, and casual knits in Simons’ masterful synthesis of nostalgic inspirations and futuristic outlook.

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3 Walter van Beirendonck

Belgium born Walter Van Beirendonck studied at the esteemed Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Antwerp, where he developed his own aesthetic that fuses art and ethnic influences. Launching his first collection under his self-titled label in 1983, his big break came in 1987 where at the British Designer Show he presented as one part of the influential ‘Antwerp Six’. Beirendonck’s collections draw on influences from art, music and literature and reflect strong and unique cuts with a daring use of graphics and colour.

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4 Arc’tyrex

In 1989, Vancouver climber Dave Lane decided he could make a better climbing product. Unhappy with what was on the market he started a home-based business called Rock Solid Manufacturing and began fabricating climbing harnesses and chalk bags. He soon partnered in business with fellow climber, Jeremy Guard, and they put their extensive climbing experience to use. As with the 140-million year old fossil that is the company’s inspiration, the rest is ancient history. Lane and Guard changed the company’s name to Arc’teryx in 1991 after the first known bird, Archaeopteryx Lithographica. The Vapor harness debuted in 1993 with great success. With only 12 employees, Arc’teryx was thrust into the spotlight, winning praise from the industry for their new heat laminate technology. Following the Vapor, in 1994, the Bora backpack was introduced and then the Targa harness, in 1997, cementing the reputation Arc’teryx had gained.

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5 Kiko Kostadinov

Ascendant young Bulgarian talent Kiko Kostadinov established his namesake label for Spring/Summer 2016, with the launch of a directional ready-to-wear collection heavily influenced by uniforms and workwear. Following the widespread acclaim of his debut, the Central Saint Martins graduate quickly became one of fashion’s fastest rising stars, with unusual pattern cutting, meticulous garment construction, and sleek silhouettes as his calling cards. In addition to being named one of Forbes Europe’s 30 Under 30 in the arts, Kostadinov was appointed creative director of luxury heritage brand Mackintosh’s 0001 capsule line, augmenting its traditionally-crafted rainwear with a shot of his signature streamlined conceptualism. With his current menswear offerings, the designer continues to develop the stark visual narrative contained within his earlier work through the use of somber tones, asymmetric styling, and utilitarian accents.

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6 Li-Ning

Li-Ning is the Chinese leader in athletic apparel and footwear, rooted in the vision of its founder and namesake, the champion gymnast Mr. Li Ning. He founded the company in 1990 with the simple goal of providing Chinese athletes a national brand to wear on the world stage of the Olympics – historically one of the West’s rare portals into authentic Chinese culture.

This modest intention has, almost 30 years later, led to the rise of a global sport pioneer that resides at the forefront of 21st-century design and technology while celebrating its own, storied past. Consequently, LiNing explores the tensions between past and future, man and nature, flexibility and strength. Yet it is ultimately driven by the boundless potential of the human body.

As a world-class gymnast with 106 gold medals, Mr. Li, himself, is testament to this. His most singular achievements include winning six out of seven gold medals at the Sixth World Cup Gymnastic Competition in 1982, earning him the nickname “The Prince of Gymnastics.” In 1984, Mr. Li won three gold medals, two silver, and one bronze to become the most honored athlete at the 1984 Summer Olympic Games, held in Los Angeles. In 1999, the World Sports Correspondent Association named him among the “World’s Most Excellent Athletes” of the 20th century. More recently, Mr. Li lit the torch at the 2008 Summer Olympic Games, held in Beijing.

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7 Kapital

Kapital as a company began in the 1980s. Brand founder, Toshikiyo Hirata, discovered his love for American denim while teaching Karate in the United States. Upon returning to his homeland of Japan, Toshikiyo had his heart set on producing his own denim. Toshikiyo opened his first factory in 1984, with his own denim and vintage store in Kojima following shortly after.

KAPITAL takes its name from Kojima, Okayama, an area known as Japan’s ‘Denim Capital’. The label reimagines mid-century Americana using heritage production techniques to create designs with an authentic workwear feel. The aesthetic is eclectic and handicraft-inspired.

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8 Snow Peak

Lisa Yamai, As the granddaughter of Snow Peak’s founder Yukio, and daughter to current president Toru, Lisa Yamai comes from a long line of pioneering outdoor enthusiasts. After graduating from Bunka Fashion Graduate University, in Tokyo, Lisa joined Snow Peak to help pivot the brand for a new generation.

Founded in 1958, Snow Peak crafts cutting-edge outerwear and camping essentials for those seeking solace outdoors. Located in the mountainous landscape of Niigata, Japan, Snow Peak draws inspiration from nature’s harshest elements to develop advanced outdoor apparel with technical features that enhance plein-air experiences. As an industry pioneer, the brand offers a minimalist aesthetic—earth-tone color palettes, contemporary silhouettes, and innovative nylon-wool textiles compliment both style and function.

With trailblazing weather-resistant apparel and lightweight equipment, Snow Peak’s outdoor living essentials complement a communal life-style for like-minded nature enthusiasts.

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9 Rick Owens

Southern Californian Rick Owens began designing after a two-year stint in pattern cutting school in Los Angeles, where he founded his namesake line in 1994 and remained largely under the radar, with a small but dedicated following in the underground glam rock and grunge communities who prized his slim-fitting leather jackets and destroyed jersey knits. The fashion industry eventually took note of his ability to marry a gothic, distressed sensibility with couturelike sophistication, and in 2001 Owens moved production of his line to Italy and relocated to Paris. With his partner Michèle Lamy, he conceives of collections that marry Classical influences to Brutalist design and an ascetic tribalism. Asymmetrical tunics, sarouel shorts and trousers, elongated t-shirts, and Owens’ signature Geobasket sneakers and frequent collaborations with adidas present a powerful conception of masculinity at once ancient and futuristic, priestly and profane.

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10 Uma Wang

Since the launch of her eponymous label, Chinese fashion designer Uma Wang has showcased catwalk collections at London, Paris and Milan fashion weeks and has garnered critical acclaim from industry insiders such as Franca Sozzani and Hung Huang . Wang formerly studied textiles at China Textile University in Shanghai, before moving to London to pursue a fashion design degree at Central Saint Martin’s. Prior to launching her label in 2005, Wang had worked as an in-house designer for several Chinese labels, which she credits for having honed her skills in textiles and patterns. An avid champion of the domestic Chinese fashion industry, Wang has secured a regular showcase at the Shanghai Fashion Week alongside her international presentations and has opened four stand-alone boutiques within the Chinese mainland. Beginning the brand by launching six collections a year, the brand’s global orders quickly gained traction and and increased by 30-50 percent with each year. Produced in Italy, Wang is also stocked in several boutiques in London, Milan and New York, alongside around 100 retail outlets around the world.

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11 Boris Bidjan Saberi

As a German-Persian based in Barcelona, designer Boris Bidjan Saberi has cultivated a singular vision of futuristic minimalism that permeates his eponymous label. Inspired by the skate and hip-hop subcultures of his youth, Saberi maintains a punk attitude that edges towards the limits of design. Resisting the current and fighting for self-realization are core to Saberi’s artistic expression, revealed time and again by his ongoing fascination with new forms and techniques. Boris Bidjan Saberi’s label is a reflection of an artist in flux with ever-evolving creative impulses—a designer with a vision articulated in meticulous detail and futureforward design.

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12 Craig Green

Craig Green, London-born designer and graduate of the illustrious Central Saint Martins fashion program, designs menswear with an evolving, ethereal, and emotive vision that has established him as one of the UK’s most innovative menswear designers. Challenging the status quo with gender-negating statements, Green’s ready-to-wear investigates concepts of uniform, utility and showmanship, offering textural and minimal iterations of structured jackets, diaphanous tunics, and trousers tailored with the fluidity of flowing drapery.

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5 Music Bands

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1 Twenty One Pilot

Twenty One Pilots (stylized in all lowercase or as twenty øne piløts) is an American musical duo from Columbus, Ohio. The band was formed in 2009 by lead vocalist Tyler Joseph along with Nick Thomas and Chris Salih, both of whom left in 2011. Since their departure, the line-up has consisted of Joseph and drummer Josh Dun. The duo is best known for the singles “Stressed Out”, “Ride”, and “Heathens”. The group received a Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance at the 59th Annual Grammy Awards for “Stressed Out”. The duo grew up in strict Christian households where they had to either conceal their pop punk and hip hop albums from the censure of their parents, or find faith-friendly counterparts. Both still identify as Christians, although doubting ones. According to Dun, “I’d hide albums like Green Day’s Dookie under my bed.

They’d find a Christian alternative, like Relient K, and make me listen to that.” However, his parents eventually relaxed on rock music, even allowing Dun to assemble a live drum kit in their basement. Joseph’s very first favorite band was the Christian rap rock trio DC Talk. He taught himself the piano by playing along to songs on the radio by artists like the Beatles and Celine Dion.

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2 Daft Punk

Daft Punk are a French electronic music duo formed in Paris in 1993 by Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo and Thomas Bangalter. They achieved popularity in the late 1990s as part of the French house movement; they also had success in the years following, combining elements of house music with funk, techno, disco, rock and synthpop. In 2013, Daft Punk left Virgin for Columbia Records, and released their fourth album, Random Access Memories, to acclaim; lead single “Get Lucky” reached the top 10 in the charts of 32 countries. Random Access Memories won five Grammy Awards in 2014, including Album of the Year and Record of the Year for “Get Lucky”. In 2016, Daft Punk gained their first number one on the Billboard Hot 100 with the song “Starboy”, a collaboration with The Weeknd. Rolling Stone ranked them No. 12 on its list of the 20 Greatest Duos of All Time.

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3 The Weekend

Abel Makkonen Tesfaye (born February 16, 1990), known professionally as the Weeknd, is a Canadian singer, songwriter, actor, and record producer. He began his recording career in 2010, anonymously uploading several songs to YouTube. A year later, the Weeknd released the mixtapes House of Balloons, Thursday, and Echoes of Silence, and quickly earned a following and critical recognition from several mainstream publications due to his dark style of R&B and the mystique surrounding his identity. The Weeknd has won three Grammy Awards, two American Music Awards, nine Billboard Music Awards, two MTV Video Music Awards, nine Juno Awards, and has been nominated for an Academy Award. He holds several chart records, being the first artist to simultaneously hold the top three positions on the Billboard Hot R&B Songs chart with “Can’t Feel My Face”, “Earned It”, and “The Hills”. The Weeknd was awarded the Allan Slaight Award by Canada’s Walk of Fame for “making a positive impact in the fields of music, film, literature, visual or performing arts, sports, innovation or philanthropy”. He is one of the most successful Canadian recording artists of all time, with more than 75 million records sold globally.

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4 Post Malone

Malone’s accolades include three American Music Awards, a Billboard Music Award, and an MTV Video Music Award. Additionally, he has received six Grammy Award nominations during his career. In August 2020, Malone became the first ever solo artist to top both the Billboard Rap Airplay and Adult Contemporary charts as a lead artist when “Circles” reached number one on the latter, with “Rockstar” having reached number on the former in 2017. Additionally, having reached the top spot in its 41st week on the chart, “Circles” holds the record for the longest climb to number one the Adult Contemporary airplay chart among songs by solo artists. Malone has received a Diamond certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for “Congratulations”.

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5 Kanye West

West’s outspoken views and life outside of music have received significant media attention. He has been a frequent source of controversy for his conduct at award shows, on social media, and in other public settings, as well as for his comments on the music and fashion industries, U.S. politics, and race. In 2020, he ran an unsuccessful independent presidential campaign that advocated for a consistent life ethic.His Christian faith, as well as his marriage to television personality Kim Kardashian, have also been a source of media attention. As a fashion designer, he has collaborated with Nike, Louis Vuitton, and A.P.C. on both clothing and footwear, and have most prominently resulted in the Yeezy collaboration with Adidas beginning in 2013. He is the founder and head of the creative content company DONDA. West is one of the world’s best-selling music artists, with more than 20 million albums and 140 million singles sold worldwide. He has won a total of 21 Grammy Awards, making him one of the most awarded artists of all time. Among his other awards include the Billboard Artist Achievement Award, a joint-record three Brit Awards for Best International Male Solo Artist and the Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award. Six of his albums have been included on Rolling Stone’s 2020 500 Greatest Albums of All Time list; the same publication named him one of the 100 Greatest Songwriters of All Time. West is the tied holder for the most albums (four) topping the annual Pazz & Jop critic poll. Time magazine named him one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2005 and 2015.

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6 Pink Floyd

Pink Floyd were an English rock band formed in London in 1965. Gaining a following as a psychedelic pop group, they were distinguished for their extended compositions, sonic experimentation, philosophical lyrics and elaborate live shows, and became a leading band of the progressive rock genre. Pink Floyd were one of the first British psychedelia groups, and are credited with influencing genres such as neo-progressive rock and ambient music.

Pink Floyd were founded by students Syd Barrett (guitar, lead vocals), Nick Mason (drums), Roger Waters (bass guitar, vocals), and Richard Wright (keyboards, vocals). Under Barrett’s leadership, they released two charting singles and a successful debut album, The Piper at the Gates of Dawn (1967). Guitarist and vocalist David Gilmour joined in December 1967; Barrett left in April 1968 due to deteriorating mental health. Waters became the primary lyricist and thematic leader, devising the concepts behind the band’s peak of critical and commercial success with the albums The Dark Side of the Moon (1973), Wish You Were Here (1975), Animals (1977), and The Wall (1979). The Waters-written musical film based on The Wall album, Pink Floyd – The Wall (1982), won two BAFTA Awards.

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7 Mc Ren

Independent musician, graffiti artist, Tibetan Tantric, occult studies, Hong Kong cultural studies.After graduating from St. Francis’ College, he worked in a bookstore. In 1990, he went to France to study for a Master’s degree in Visual arts and Conceptual Art. In 1997, he returned to Hong Kong.I came into contact with Hip Hop culture while studying at school. Since 1990, I have been graffiti in the streets of the United States and France, etc. Her “graffiti photos of the Great Wall” have aroused great discussion on the Internet in China, which was named by Time magazine as “the first Asian graffiti artist”. Independent musician, graffiti artist, Tibetan Tantric, occult studies, Hong Kong cultural studies.After graduating from St. Francis’ College, he worked in a bookstore. In 1990, he went to France to study for a Master’s degree in Visual arts and Conceptual Art. In 1997, he returned to Hong Kong.I came into contact with Hip Hop culture while studying at school. Since 1990, I have been graffiti in the streets of the United States and France, etc. Her “graffiti photos of the Great Wall” have aroused great discussion on the Internet in China, which was named by Time magazine as “the first Asian graffiti artist”.Writers like to play on words, and use homophones as metaphors for society and politics.His pop lyrics have also been one of the subjects of professor Chu Yiu-wai’s Chinese pop lyrics research at Hong Kong Baptist University.Now it is 4PK with a creative group like Kitchen Boy, CInfamous and DJ Prepare, and it regularly launches creative works such as themed T-shirts, costumes and music.

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8 Soft Hard

Softhard is a Chinese rap duo from Hong Kong, consisting of DJ Hard “Jan Lamb” and MC Soft “Eric Kot”. The rap duo is widely accredited for pioneering the hip hop act to achieve mainstream minor success during the early 1990s while on an independent label during the late 1980s. The duo appeared in director Wong Jing’s live-action City Hunter film, performing the song “Gala Gala Happy.”

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9 Radio Head

Radiohead are an English rock band formed in Abingdon, Oxfordshire, in 1985. The band consists of Thom Yorke (vocals, guitar, piano, keyboards), brothers Jonny Greenwood (lead guitar, keyboards, other instruments) and Colin Greenwood (bass), Ed O’Brien (guitar, backing vocals) and Philip Selway (drums, percussion). They have worked with producer Nigel Godrich and cover artist Stanley Donwood since 1994.

Radiohead’s experimental approach is credited with advancing the sound of alternative rock. Hail to the Thief (2003), with lyrics inspired by the War on Terror, was Radiohead’s final album for EMI. Their subsequent releases have pioneered alternative release platforms such as pay-what-you-want and BitTorrent; Radiohead self-released their seventh album, In Rainbows (2007), as a download for which customers could set their own price, to critical and chart success. Their eighth album, The King of Limbs (2011), an exploration of rhythm, was developed using extensive looping and sampling. A Moon Shaped Pool (2016) prominently featured Jonny Greenwood’s orchestral arrangements. He, Yorke, Selway, and O’Brien have released solo albums.

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10 Oasis

Oasis were an English rock band formed in Manchester in 1991. Developed from an earlier group, the Rain, the band originally consisted of Liam Gallagher (lead vocals, tambourine), Paul Arthurs (guitar), Paul McGuigan (bass guitar), and Tony McCarroll (drums). Upon returning to Manchester, Liam’s older brother Noel Gallagher (lead guitar, vocals) joined as a fifth member, which formed the band’s core and settled line-up. During the course of their existence, they had various line-up changes, though the Gallagher brothers remained as the staple members. Oasis signed to independent record label Creation Records in 1993 and released their record-setting debut album Definitely Maybe (1994). The following year they recorded (What’s the Story) Morning Glory? (1995) with drummer Alan White, in the midst of a chart rivalry with Britpop peers Blur. Spending ten weeks at number one on the UK Albums Chart, (What’s the Story) Morning Glory? was also an international chart success, and became one of the best-selling albums of all time. In addition, it stands as the fifth best-selling album in the UK, and the biggest-selling album in the UK of the 1990s. The Gallagher brothers featured regularly in tabloid newspapers for their disputes and wild lifestyles. In 1996, Oasis performed two nights at Knebworth for an audience of 125,000 each night, the largest outdoor concerts in UK history at the time. In 1997, Oasis released their third album, Be Here Now; becoming the fastest-selling album in UK chart history. However, its popularity declined quickly.

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11 Nirvana

Nirvana was an American rock band formed in Aberdeen, Washington, in 1987. Founded by lead singersongwriter and guitarist Kurt Cobain and bassist Krist Novoselic, the band went through a succession of drummers before recruiting Dave Grohl in 1990. Nirvana’s success popularized alternative rock, and they were often referenced as the figurehead band of Generation X. Their music maintains a popular following and continues to influence modern rock and roll culture. In the late 1980s, Nirvana established itself as part of the Seattle grunge scene, releasing its first album, Bleach, for the independent record label Sub Pop in 1989. They developed a sound that relied on dynamic contrasts, often between quiet verses and loud, heavy choruses. After signing to major label DGC Records in 1991, Nirvana found unexpected mainstream success with “Smells Like Teen Spirit”, the first single from their landmark second album Nevermind (1991). A cultural phenomenon of the 1990s, the album went on to be certified Diamond by the RIAA.

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12 The Cranberries

Now, nearly 30 years after the quartet of singer/songwriter and musician Dolores O’Riordan, co-songwriter and lead guitarist Noel Hogan, bassist Mike Hogan and drummer Fergal Lawler first appeared, they are returning with their eighth album In the End. After the sad and unexpected passing of Dolores on January 15th 2018, it will be their last - and is among the most complete works they have ever produced.

It’s remarkable to look back and think just how how much of a cultural force The Cranberries have been, not only in the Ireland, UK and US, but across the globe: over their career, they have sold more than 40 million albums, making them one of the world’s biggest rock acts, as well as a staple on TV and film soundtracks. Through all their success, though, they have never compromised on their key trait: an honesty and directness that cuts to the soul. Central to their expression of emotional truth, of course, has been Dolores’ inimitable voice. It was an instrument that could be angelically soft or blisteringly angry to equally stunning effect - and was a match for opera legend Luciano Pavarotti when they duetted on an enduringly stunning rendition of Ave Maria in 1995. But the band’s power has also come from their gliding melodies and Dolores’ unvarnished lyrics, which were never less than absolutely sincere, whether she was writing about personal relationships or political violence - they all came back to “how human beings treat each other,” as she once described. “She truly didn’t really care what people thought about what she was going to say” says Noel. “It was a case of ‘If I feel strongly enough about this, I’m going to write about it, and whatever way the chips may fall, so be it. If I get slated for it, so be it.’”

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6 Product Design

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2 M O VI E

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1 Braun

In 1921, engineer Max Braun established his company in Frankfurt am Main, first making radio parts and by 1929 complete power amplifiers and radio sets. Max Braun was one of the first manufacturers in Europe to combine radios and record players in a single unit. The Braun logo with the distinctive raised and rounded “A” in the middle was born in 1934. In only eight months, they succeeded in giving the entire Braun product line – from portable radios to music cabinets – a completely new face. The first major launch event was the 1955 Electronic Exhibition in Duesseldorf. The stand developed by Otl Aicher signalized even from afar that something fundamentally new was being offered there.

The hiring of 23-year-old Dieter Rams, likewise in 1955, had far-reaching implications. Rams started as an interior designer and soon became the nucleus of Braun’s own design department. Headed by Fritz Eichler, it commenced its work, with freelance help, in 1956. Gradually, the new design style spread not only to the entire product line, but also to all communications instruments – from stationery and use instructions all the way to advertising. This gave Braun a corporate identity long before the term was even coined.

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2 Philips

Gerard Leonard Frederik Philips was an entrepreneur whose company produced on a large scale some of the consumer goods that characterised the material culture of the 20th century. He transformed the economy of a part of the Netherlands that had previously been economically backward.

The Philips Company was founded in 1891, by Gerard Philips and his father Frederik Philips. Frederik, a banker based in Zaltbommel, financed the purchase and setup of an empty factory building in Eindhoven, where the company started the production of carbon-filament lamps and other electro-technical products in 1892.

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3 Casio

The origin story of the G-Shock begins in 1981 Casio’s head of watch design, engineer Kikuo Ibe, wanted to make a watch that wouldn’t break even if dropped. The name G-SHOCK comes from Ibe’s goal of creating a watch that could withstand the shock caused by gravity. Ibe and his team of three engineers had three design criteria — called the triple ten: It had to be able to withstand a 10 meter drop and 10 atmospheres of water pressure, and it had to have a battery life of ten years. It would take over two years of drop-testing 200 prototypes before “Team Tough” came up with a hollow watch case structure that supported the core module — a quartz mechanism floating in a urethane foam cradle.

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4 Medicom Toys

Before MediCom was established, Akashi worked a desk job in computer manufacturing. While the job paid well, Akashi grew bored of the mundane day-to-day tasks. During one of his days off, while walking around Tokyo’s Shibuya neighborhood, Akashi wandered into ZAAP!, a shop that sold American toys.

Figures from blockbuster Hollywood movies such as Terminator and Batman immediately caught his eye and Akashi emptied his entire wallet——Akashi was in fact so inspired by the shop that he eventually hired ZAAP!’s founder as an executive at MediCom. Akashi was inspired to open his own toy shop, eventually settling on a location in Ebisu in 1996. The store—which he shared with a tonkatsu (fried pork cutlet) spot—marked the launch of the MediCom Toy Corporation. With a career in manufacturing, Akashi was no stranger to design and had already created a number of figures on his own prior to starting MediCom. His first efforts included a 12” “Lupin the Third” and “Tetsujin #28” figure, both based on a his love of anime.

Akashi’s first interaction with street culture occured when he discovered Tokyo Tribe, a manga charting the fictional events after the Shibuya riots serialized in Boon fashion magazine from 1997 to 2005. After seeing an original print released by Takarajimasha, Inc. called “TOKYO TRIBE1,” Akashi was enamored, and eventually contacted autor Santa Inoue to collaborate. Although Akashi initially wanted to design figurines, the two eventually decided to develop clothing from protagonist Nagisa’s wardrobe.

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5 Dyson

“Having an idea for doing something better and making it happen - even though it appears impossible.

That’s still my dream. “

---------------James Dyson

James Dyson was born in Norfolk, England in a family of four. He studied in a boarding school known as Gresham’s School in Holt between and 1965 after losing his father to cancer. He spent a year at the Byam Shaw School of Art and four at the Royal College of Art studying interior design and furniture, before eventually joining an engineering school. Dyson bought a Hoover Junior vacuum cleaner later that year and yet again got disappointed with its vulnerability to breakdowns as it lost suction over time and clogged quickly. He disassembled the machine and realised the cause of the problem was a layer of dust in the bag that clogged the fine material mesh preventing the appliance from working properly. In a bid to come up with a better and more efficient vacuum cleaner, he visited a sawmill in the neighbourhood and learnt how large industrial cyclones could remove sawdust from the air. He opted to try the same principle in a vacuum cleaner. He replaced the bag in his Hoover Junior with a cardboard cyclone, only to realize it was a far much better option as it picked more dust and proved more resistant to breakdown. The bagless vacuum cleaner was born.

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6 Thinkpad

Few technology brands have risen to define an entire device category, but the ThinkPad line is almost synonymous with the term “business laptop.” Since its creation under IBM in 1992, the ThinkPad brand has been widely regarded as the absolute best in the world of mobile business computers, and for good reason. In this feature, we will explore some notable ThinkPad devices that have graced many a businessperson’s bag over the years. The “ThinkPad” name comes from a slogan coined by IBM employees back in the 1920s. The word “THINK” adorned early IBM mainframes and eventually made its way onto pocket-sized paper notepads. From this, the ThinkPad brand was born.

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7 Smeg

Smeg S.p.A., stylized as smeg as its trade mark, or SMEG on its products, is an Italian manufacturer of domestic appliances. Vittorio Bertazzoni Snr founded the company in 1948 in the town of Guastalla, Reggio Emilia, Italy. Smeg offer design-coordinated compact products to create a super-efficient work area with its own personality and stylish look. They can be combined with each other and can be installed in a column, or horizontally to create a unique cooking space. Smeg offer design-coordinated compact products to create a super-efficient work area with its own personality and stylish look. They can be combined with each other and can be installed in a column, or horizontally to create a unique cooking space. Arguably most well-known for its iconic range of curvy, colourful, ‘50s-style retro refrigerators, the company also produces matching small and large appliances in both the 50s Style and Victoria aesthetic lines. The company’s expansive collection of built-in and freestanding dishwashers, washing machines, fridge freezers, wine cool-

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ers, coffee machines and small domestic appliances add further design co-ordination options and choice to the range.

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8 Staub

Staub is a premium French enameled cast iron cookware and bakeware manufacturer that was originally headquartered in Turckheim, Alsace, France. The first piece, a cocotte or coquelle (Dutch oven), was designed by Francis Staub in 1974 in a dormant artillery factory.[2] Pieces are manufactured with cast iron covered with double-glazed enamel. The enamel coating makes the cookware rustproof, and easy to clean. Staub’s cocottes have nubs on the interior of the lids, which enables condensation to collect and drip down to baste foods uniformly as they are cooking.

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9 Bang & Olufsen

Bang & Olufsen (B&O) (stylized as BANG & OLUFSEN) is a high end luxury Danish consumer electronics company that designs and manufactures audio products, television sets, and telephones. It was founded in 1925 by Peter Bang and Svend Olufsen, who designed a radio to work with alternating current, a product of significance at a time when most radios were still running on batteries. In May 2015, Harman International (which later became a subsidiary of Samsung), announced the completion of its acquisition of Bang & Olufsen Automotive car audio business. In March 2017, Tymphany, an audio ODM based in Hong Kong and with manufacturing operations in Dongchen, announced the acquisition of the engineering and manufacturing operation in the Czech Republic from Bang & Olufsen.

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10 AEG

There was a time in which the artistic value and the discernment about aesthetic had not the relevance that they have in the field of the industrial production nowadays. There was not much balance between the functionality and the design in the industrialized manufacturing of products. Notwithstanding, everything changed when the AEG company signed up the German architect Peter Behrens as artistic consultant of the company in 1907. Behrens was an architect of the transformations, he moved fluently from one discipline to another: painting, graphic design, furniture design and architecture.

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11 Sony Walkman

Walkman is a brand of portable media players manufactured by Sony. The original Walkman, released in 1979, was a portable cassette player that allowed people to listen to music of their choice on the move.

Its popularity made “walkman” an unofficial term for personal stereos of any producer or brand.By 2010, when production stopped, Sony had built about 200 million cassette-based Walkmans. The Walkman brand was extended to serve most of Sony’s portable audio devices as well as related media devices. The name has been used on portable DAT players, MiniDisc players/recorders, CD players (originally Discman then renamed the CD Walkman), radio receivers, Sony’s line of digital audio and media players, mobile phones and more. As of 2020 only digital audio and media players are currently in production.

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12 Stanley

The Stanley Works was founded by Frederick T. Stanley in 1843, originally a bolt and door hardware manufacturing company located in New Britain, Connecticut. The Stanley Rule and Level Company was founded in 1857 by Henry Stanley in New Britain, Connecticut. In 1920, this company merged with the separate but related Stanley Works, founded by Henry Stanley’s cousin Frederick Trent Stanley, and continued operating as its hand tools division. Around 1937, Stanley acquired the British J. A. Chapman company, a British manufacturer of carpentry tools and other items (including bayonets during World War I) formerly located in Sheffield, from Norman Neill. This helped Stanley to enter the British market. Stanley is a well known brand of tools and has produced millions of hand planes, saws, rulers, try squares, chisels, screwdrivers, and many other types of tools for consumer and for industrial use. Their innovations include the Bailey plane, the Surform shaper, the PowerLock tape measure, the utility knife, and an unusual multitool known as the Stanley

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7 Lifestyles

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1 Muji

MUJI was founded in 1980. Its origin was a thorough rationalization of the manufacturing process with an eye to creating simple, low-cost, good quality products. Specifically, we reexamined products through three lenses: material selection, inspection process and packaging simplification. For instance, if you omit the bleaching process for pulp, the resulting paper is light beige in color. MUJI used this paper for its packaging and labels. MUJI’s products, born from an extremely rational manufacturing process, are succinct, but they are not in the minimalist style. That is, they are like empty vessels. Simplicity and emptiness yield the ultimate universality, embracing the feelings and thoughts of all people.

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2 Aesop

Aesop was established in 1987. they are headquartered in Melbourne, and have offices and stores in many parts of the world. In the ensuing decades the range grew to encompass all manner of creams and serums, potions and lotions; 83 product formulations, in fact, plus three shaving accessories. The brand went global and shifted away from selling wholesale towards selling predominantly through Aesop’s own chain of architect-designed, visually arresting stores. Aesop heralded the arrival of a more environmentally, socially and aesthetically aware consumer, one who wanted to buy into an independent brand that stood for something.

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3 Le Labo

Fabrice Penot has spent years defying convention. In 2006, along with Eddie Roschi, he founded the boutique perfumery Le Labo with no formal investor funding, no advertising and a philosophy that favored reliance on pure ingredients and in-store perfume blending. All of this constituted a rebellion from beauty industry norms, especially at that time. There is nothing like the first time you smell it, because it becomes ‘it’ after a pretty long process of trials.

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4 Vitra

Vitra founder Willi Fehlbaum first came across creations by Ray and Charles Eames in the early 1950s. This decisive moment marked Vitra’s beginnings as a design company. Vitra has collaborated with international designers and architects ever since.While the first generation laid the company’s commercial foundations, and the second added a cultural dimension through the development of the Vitra Campus and the Vitra Design Museum with its collection, the third generation puts the spotlight on sustainable thinking and action.

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5 Artek

Artek is a Finnish furniture company. It was founded in December 1935 by architect Alvar Aalto and his wife Aino Aalto, visual arts promoter Maire Gullichsen and art historian Nils-Gustav Hahl. The founders chose a non-Finnish name, the neologism Artek was meant to manifest the desire to combine art and technology.

This echoed a main idea of the International Style movement, especially the Bauhaus, to emphasize the technical expertise in production and quality of materials, instead of historical-based, eclectic or frivolous ornamentation. The original aim of the venture was to promote the furniture and glassware of Alvar Aalto and Aino Aalto, and to produce furnishings for their buildings. Before 1935 the Aaltos’ designs were manufactured by Huonekalu-ja Rakennustyötehdas Oy in Turku. That company was renamed Huonekalutehdas Korhonen Oy and moved to Littoinen, but now Artek and both companies are all part of Vitra (furniture).

Artek have their own in-house designers, such as renown Ben af Schulten. Originally, the studio was set up ostensibly to assist Aalto’s architects’ office with interior designs for his buildings. Since Aalto’s passing in 1976 the company has sold design objects by other Finnish designers, such as Juha Leiviskä and Eero Aarnio, as well as Vitra furniture.

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6 Diptyque

The very first shop, located at 34 Boulevard Saint-Germain in Paris, opens onto the street like a two-part Italian Renaissance or Flemish master’s painting. They had found the ideal stage for their chic little bazaar of fascinating finds as well as the perfect name for it; diptyque. A name that’s written like the structure of an ancient temple. As you get closer, the disorderly lettering is a slight twist on the traditional, adding a whimsical touch. At first glance, it’s clearly diptyque. The logo is the work of Desmond Knox-Leet. His passion for calligraphy shows in his India Ink strokes. DIPTYQUE. He says it with straight-lined simplicity, but as if he is stumbling, with disorderly lettering. Nothing is more charming than imperfection, similar to an accidental hiccup.

There’s no need to decipher the word, the minute you arrive, the message is clear, in black and white.

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7 Lawson Station

n 1939, dairy owner James “J.J.” Lawson started a store at his Broad Boulevard dairy plant in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, to sell his milk. The Lawson’s Milk Company grew to a chain of stores, primarily in Ohio. Lawson was bought out by Consolidated Foods in 1959. Lawson’s neighborhood convenience stores were common in Ohio from the 1960s through the mid-1980s, selling milk, bread, eggs, orange juice, and specialty items such as deli counter ‘chipped’ style ham and sour cream potato chip dips.

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8 7-11

7-Eleven, Inc. is an American international chain of convenience stores, headquartered in Dallas, Texas.

The chain was founded in 1927 as an ice house storefront in Dallas. It was named Tote’m Stores between 1928 and 1946. After 70% of the company was acquired by Japanese affiliate Ito-Yokado in 1991, it was reorganized as a wholly owned subsidiary of Seven-Eleven Japan Co., Ltd in 2005, and is now held by Chiyoda, Tokyo-based Seven & I Holdings Co., Ltd.

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9 Ikea

Ikea is a multinational group of Swedish companies headquartered in Delft, Netherlands, that designs and sells ready-to-assemble furniture, kitchen appliances and home accessories, among other useful goods and occasionally home services. Founded in Sweden in 1943 by 17-year-old Ingvar Kamprad, IKEA has been the world’s largest furniture retailer since 2008.

The company is known for its modernist designs for various types of appliances and furniture, and its interior design work is often associated with an eco-friendly simplicity. In addition, the firm is known for its attention to cost control, operational details, and continuous product development that has allowed IKEA to lower its prices by an average of two to three percent.

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10 Herman Miller

Herman Miller, Inc., based in Zeeland, Michigan, is an American company that produces office furniture and equipment, and home furnishings. Its signature products include the Equa chair, Aeron chair, Noguchi table, Marshmallow sofa, and the Eames Lounge Chair. Herman Miller is credited with the invention of the office cubicle (originally known as the “Action Office�) in 1968 under then-director of research Robert Propst. Herman Miller has engaged in a number of initiatives to promote sustainability, and many of them have had cost-saving implications for the company. The company has developed a technique of mixing sawdust with chicken manure to produce topsoil. The company also uses a database to track every chemical in each product used by the company, in order to eliminate harmful chemicals from their products.

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11 JJJJOUND

JJJJound is Montreal-based designer, curator and creative Justin Saunders. JJJJound is an oddity. In existence for more than a decade, JJJJound has been one of the most influential entities in contemporary menswear. But, ask people what exactly JJJJound is, and you’re likely to get rather convoluted answers— even from those in the know. To some, JJJJound is a person; to others it’s a mood board; some see JJJJound as a brand; others see it as a general “aesthetic.” To a certain extent, none of those answers are wrong. But they are all incomplete. JJJJound is—or has been—all of those things. But it’s also become so much more over the years.

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12 RetaW

retaW is a Tokyo based fragrance label founded in 2009, dedicated to creating unique fragrance blends that embody a lifestyle wrapped in scent. Each fragrance is developed with the utmost care and sophistication to soothe your body and soul by creating a relaxing and natural atmosphere. retaW body treatment products are formulated with the knowledge of the latest developments in skincare medicine to bring out the natural vitality of your skin, while carefully blended fragrances are designed to heal your mind and fill each moment with life coloured in scent.

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8 Automobiles

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1 Tesla

Spearheading the electric vehicle movement on an international scale, Tesla went from being a simple battery-manufacturing company to a company that single-handedly created the electric-car industry, forcing a lot of companies to adopt electric transportation. Founded and run by Elon Musk, Tesla has broken several barriers, becoming perhaps a household name in the electric vehicle world. The company’s gone from designing and manufacturing small roadsters to large sedans and even a semi-truck that doesn’t just help people move, but helps goods move too, at fairly high speeds, while still being energy efficient. As a Color, Material, and Finish Designer at Tesla’s Design Studio you will be responsible for the concept, development and design of color, material, and finish for future Tesla vehicles, accessories, and energy products. You will be a part of a team that creates and execute world-class products in terms of form, function, and luxury.

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2 Lamborghini

Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A. is an Italian brand and manufacturer of luxury sports cars and SUVs based in Sant’Agata Bolognese. The company is owned by the Volkswagen Group through its subsidiary Audi.

Ferruccio Lamborghini, an Italian manufacturing magnate, founded Automobili Ferruccio Lamborghini S.p.A. in 1963 to compete with established marques, including Ferrari. The hexagon and the Y are stylistic elements that have characterized Lamborghini design since the very beginning. From the interior of the Marzal to the front and rear lights of the newest member of the family, the Sián, the iconic elements of the House of Sant’Agata Bolognese give every detail a character that is both sporty and elegant at the same time.

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3 Porsche

Porsche is a German automobile manufacturer specializing in high-performance sports cars, SUVs and sedans. The headquarters of Porsche AG is in Stuttgart, and the company is owned by Volkswagen AG, a controlling stake of which is owned by Porsche Automobil Holding SE. As the physical manifestation of future concepts and tech­nological strokes of genius, prototypes are as indispensable as they are confidential. Some are ahead of their time or just too bold, but they are never useless. Every Porsche is informed by the creative spirit in which technology and art unite in a symbiosis that’s not always ready for series production.

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4 BMW

Bayerische Motoren Werke AG is a German multinational company which produces luxury vehicles and motorcycles. The company was founded in 1916 as a manufacturer of aircraft engines, which it produced from 1917 until 1918 and again from 1933 to 1945. The aesthetic looks of the car are clearly determined by perfectly balanced proportions. Design features typical of the brand are to be found both at the front with its BMW kidney grille inclined slightly forward and on the strikingly chiselled engine compartment lid, in the stylish and elegant side view of the car, and on the muscular rear end. Within the interior modern function and a superior ambience come together in perfect harmony, unmistakable style and clear orientation to the driver in the cockpit guaranteeing a truly unique driving and travelling experience.

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5 Volkswagen

Volkswagen is a German automaker founded in 1937 by the German Labour Front, known for the iconic Beetle and headquartered in Wolfsburg. It is the flagship brand of the Volkswagen Group, the largest automaker by worldwide sales in 2016 and 2017. The Volkswagen microbus was one of the few vehicles that somehow managed to be both cute and cool at the same time. The pleasant, benign look appealed to anti-war flower children, while it also looked un-American and unique enough to represent a break with the conformity of their straight-laced parents. The vehicle gave off a simple, wholesome aura that lent itself well to a youthful endless summer.

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6 Pontiac

Pontiac was an American brand of automobiles owned, manufactured and commercialised by General Motors. Introduced as a companion make for GM’s more expensive line of Oakland automobiles, Pontiac overtook Oakland in popularity and supplanted its parent brand entirely by 1933. Sold in the United States, Canada, and Mexico by GM, Pontiac was advertised as the performance division of General Motors from the 1960s onward. In the hierarchy of GM’s five divisions, it slotted above Chevrolet, but below Oldsmobile, Buick, and Cadillac.

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7 Alfa Romeo

Since its foundation in 1910, the Alfa Romeo brand has stood out both as a motorsport legend and symbol of Italian craftsmanship and elegance. The unique blend of essential lines, quality of proportions and bold, dynamic spirit gave birth to cars that couldn’t have been created anywhere else, by anyone else. This unparalleled approach to design has become a worldwide paradigm of Italian style: while others build cars, Alfa Romeo creates them. Alfa Romeo’s styling elements are more than aesthetic traits. The designers and the engineers work as a unique team to achieve the best solutions, in style and driving dynamism. The external surfaces are always harmonious and essential: each Alfa Romeo body is sculpted to reveal almost an organic power. The unyielding quest for weight reduction also involves the exterior design, through the extensive use of lightweight materials. Every line, every proportion is conceived to achieve superior aerodynamic performance and an ideal weight balance.

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8 Renault

Renault is a French multinational automobile manufacturer established in 1899. The company produces a range of cars and vans, and in the past has manufactured trucks, tractors, tanks, buses/coaches, aircraft and aircraft engines, and autorail vehicles. Design involvement starts with the initial drafting of specifications and continues right through to production release. The department has a network of five international design centres, staffed by multicultural profiles (27 nationalities). Skills span everything from traditional craftsmanship (physical modelling, upholstery, paintwork) to advanced technologies (digital modelling and visualization, interactive design), and are driven by a real enthusiasm for the automobile.

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9 Honda

Honda Motor Company, Ltd. is a Japanese public multinational conglomerate corporation primarily known as a manufacturer of automobiles, motorcycles, and power equipment. This highly stylized concept car is decidedly retro in appearance, straddling the line between cartoonish and futuristic. This all-electric “supermini” is still just a prototype, but the real thing is expected to available in 2019. The car’s simplified design is a throwback to Honda’s 1970s “Civic” model, which prioritized minimalism over excessive stylishness.

The boxiness of the Urban EV is a far cry from the streamlined models that Honda produces today, invoking nostalgia for bygone design eras.

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10 Lexus

Lexus is the luxury vehicle division of the Japanese automaker Toyota. The Lexus brand is marketed in more than 70 countries and territories worldwide. This philosophy of attentiveness leads to perfectionism in the factory build process and provides the gallery with the ability to offer a wide array of services, which is exactly the case in Japanese restaurants. How the people work together in an assembly line is much like the way a kitchen runs when a team of chefs is working on a full course menu. There was a place on the assembly line where the dashboard was being installed. A sign there said “touchless.“ How does one work bending over the engine holding a good size piece of equipment and not touch the car? It is like plating a group of “zensai,“ or hors d’oeuvres, onto a brilliant mirrored lacquer platter without allowing a single drop of anything to hit the surface in any place that it shouldn’t. The movement, the action, the breathing and visual judgment of the location all come together in one place.

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11 Vespa

Vespa is an Italian brand of scooter manufactured by Piaggio. The name means wasp in Italian. The Vespa has evolved from a single model motor scooter manufactured in 1946 by Piaggio & Co. S.p.A. of Pontedera, Italy to a full line of scooters and one of seven companies today owned by Piaggio. Originally launched in 1968, the Primerva has now returned with a new and modern design. Whilst respecting tradition, the Vespa Primerva has a strikingly sophisticated and appealing line and boasts unrivalled handling. Its light weight and best-in-category ergonomics make it perfect for trouble-free travel about town.

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12 Volvo

Volvo is a Swedish multinational manufacturing company headquartered in Gothenburg. While its core activity is the production, distribution and sale of trucks, buses and construction equipment, Volvo also supplies marine and industrial drive systems and financial services. Strength in design is often about keeping things simple. Having the courage to reduce rather than to add. This simplicity is reflected in the clarity of purpose and purity of line that define the V60, It projects confidence, yet it’s understated. It has a quiet inner confidence. This is something that exemplifies Swedish luxury.

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9 Architectures

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1 The Fallingwater House -Frank Lloyd Wright

The design of the iconic house was inspired by Japanese architecture which is famous for using cantilevers.

The house, that was ideally incorporated into the natural landscape, was created as a weekend getaway for the Kaufmann family. The house’s condition started to deteriorate quickly after construction that Mr. Kaufman called it the ‘seven-buckets building’, referring to the leaky roof. Moreover, the cantilevered terraces started to fall off due to the lack of proper reinforcement. The house underwent revamp several times and was converted into a museum in 2002.

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2 Glass House -Philip Johnson

Philip Johnson built that house to be his own. His design was minimal and utilized the reflection/transparency features of glass. He also experimented with dimensions and geometric shapes which made the house one of the landmarks of the area and an icon in the world of Modern architecture. The weekend home was made mainly of glass and steel. However, it also suffered from the ‘leaky roof’ issue like the Fallingwater house, which made Johnson describe it, jokingly, as the ’four-bucket house’.

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3 Villa Savoye -Le Corbusier

The house was built as a family retreat for the Savoyes, in Poissy, on the outskirts of Paris. Its distinct design manifested the ‘five points’ that Le Corbusier endorsed which included the open plan, the grid of reinforced concrete columns, the horizontal windows, the roof garden, and the independent façade.

The family suffered greatly from problems that arose after they started using it. Faulty construction and design mishaps caused the family to abandon it a few years later. It has miraculously made it to the list of ’Public Buildings’ and has been turned into a museum.

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4 The Guggenheim Museum -Frank Lloyd Wright

The great architect marketed the concept of organic architecture which envisioned humanity being intimately linked to the environment.

The cone-shaped museum comprises many key galleries and art collections. The spirally-designed interior takes you on an endless journey dissolving all obstacles between spaces. The rigid geometric shapes that were dominant in Modern architecture were described by Wright, who says: “these geometric forms suggest certain human ideas, moods, sentiments – as for instance: the circle, infinity; the triangle, structural unity; the spiral, organic progress; the square, integrity.” Wright saw the Guggenheim as a ‘temple of the spirit’.

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5 Barcelona Pavilion -Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe

The pavilion was originally introduced as the German Pavilion for the 1929 International Exposition in Barcelona, hosting the German wing of the exhibition. The design, which was influenced by the Bauhaus movement, features transparent walls and a cantilevered roof. Although the pavilion was quite minimal, the architect did his best to use luxurious materials like red onyx, marble, and Travertine. One of the lavish pieces of furniture, specially created for the building, was the legendary ‘Barcelona Chair’.

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6 David S. Ingalls Skating Rink in New Haven -Eero Saarinen

The building is also known as ‘Yale Whale’, referring to Yale University, from which Eero Saarinen has graduated. The creative design holds the distinct architectural signature of Saarinen, who often used catenary arches. The hockey arena has an undulating cantilevered roof which is supported by a 90-meter-high arch of reinforced concrete.

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7 Villa Dirickz -Marcel Leborgne

Another seminal building of Modern architecture is Villa Dirickz. It features eye-catching blocky features, glass works, and white concrete surrounded by greenery. The villa, that is $10,000,000-worth, houses lavish interiors as well as facilities like a wine cellar and a cinema.

Marcel Leborgne is a pioneering Belgian architect, and he is the father of Modern architecture in his homeland. The house was designed for Mr.Dirickz, an industrial magnate, who took interest in arts. Many years afterward, the villa fell into the well of neglect till developer Alexander Cambron bought it in 2007. Cambron dedicated all possible resources to renovate the villa.

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8 Isokon Building in London -Wells Coates

The residential building, that is still in use up to this day, consists of 32 apartments; 24 of which are studio apartments and 8 are single-bedroom apartments. The building also includes staff rooms and a spacious garage. The apartments had tiny kitchens because there was a communal kitchen at the disposal of the residents. They could freely use it to prepare food. There were, also, other services like laundry and shoeshining. Avanti Architects, who are specialized in revamping apartments Modern architecture, refurbished the building in 2003. The refurbishment resulted in establishing a communal gallery in the garage to tell the people the history of the building. The concrete residential block is listed as a Grade I-building and is one of the key architectural landmarks in the British capital.

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9 Neue National Galerie -Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe

Dedicated to modern art, the museum hosts an art collection that dates back to the early years of the 20th century. Its typical modernist design included a great amount of glass, a cantilevered roof, and flat exteriors. The building is surrounded by a sculptured landscape which was also created by Mies Van der Rohe.

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10 The CitĂŠ Radieuse -Le Corbusier

This housing project is one of the most important works of Le Corbusier that inspired many other Modern architectural projects. The minimal project was influenced by the Bauhaus choice of colors—yellow, red, and blue. It is composed of 337 flats of 27 different types, in addition to a playground and a pool. The building is made of rough-cast concrete, and the architect planned to also include a steel frame, but to his misfortune, World War II made that kind of material hard to acquire.

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11 The Forbidden City -Kuai Xiang

The forbidden city was the residence of the imperial family during the last two Ming and Qing Dynasties. Its name comes from the fact that the entry was forbidden to any foreigner to the palace and his organization was like a small city. The architectural complex is impressive, but the great majority of valuables such as paintings and porcelain were taken to Taiwan by Chiang Kai-shek and are displayed in the museum of Taipei ((Tåibĕi in Mandarin). The Forbidden City is located in the north of the city center of Beijing. It is headed south and a small artificial hill, the Coal Hill, was raised north of the Forbidden City to meet the demands of Chinese geomancy, the Fengshui (literally wind and water). This is the emperor Yongle, who decided to move the capital from Nanjing to Beijing. The construction of the Forbidden City began in 1406 and lasted fourteen years, which is very fast for a building of this size. More than 200,000 artisans participated in construction. The materials came from all corners of the empire: the stones of the regions of Beijing, marble from Shanghai, wood from provinces of Yunnan and Sichuan and bricks from Shandong. Construction allied modern techniques of the time while keeping the aesthetic and symbolic features of the tradition.

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12 Yin He Soho -Zaha Hadid

Zaha Hadid was a British Iraqi architect from Baghdad, Iraq. She was described by The Guardian of London as the Queen of the curve, who liberated architectural geometry, giving it a whole new expressive identity Hadid’s intricately variegated curves offer more adaptive versatility to push into irregular sites to give room to internal requirements where needed. The curves and curvilinear compositions display lawful and coherent trajectories that we can recognize as coherent and legible figures, each with its own poise, dynamism or degree of fluidity.

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10 Software

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2 M O VI E

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1 Windows

Microsoft Windows, commonly referred to as Windows, is a group of several proprietary graphical operating system families, all of which are developed and marketed by Microsoft. Each family caters to a certain sector of the computing industry. Microsoft’s Windows Insider team recently showed off how the new Fluent Design refreshed icons would appear on the desktop and Start Menu without the Live Tiles, which have been there since the beginning of Windows 10. The new logos are meant to create a consistent look and feel to its apps across Windows 10, macOS, iOS, and Android. The new app logos replace the previous flat squares that worked well with Live Tiles.

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2 Mac OS

MacOS is a series of proprietary graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Apple Inc. since early 2001. It is the primary operating system for Apple’s Mac computers. Within the market of desktop, laptop and home computers, and by web usage, it is the second most widely used desktop OS, after Microsoft Windows. It refreshes icon design throughout the system, bringing a uniform shape to app icons and a refined appearance to document icons. In addition, macOS 11 introduces multipurpose feature icons that can represent items or functions in sidebars and tables. The adoption of SF Symbols imparts a strong visual consistency to glyphs and icons throughout the system, and gives you an easy way to create images and icons that look at home everywhere.

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3 Uber

Uber’s original premise was simple. “Push a button, get a ride.” You didn’t need to set your destination, you didn’t need to select a product, you just hit a button, or two, and you were off. Everything starts there and builds around that. Interface elements fly in from the next step and route-lines animate toward your destination. It’s a philosophy based on looking ahead that carries you forward. Each action you take propels you to the next step and each trip you complete feeds back into the experience. By the time you’re ready to enter your next destination, it’s already there. This feature went through the most design cycles and iterations. From list views to tabular representations to paginations and pretty much everything in between.

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4 Grand Theft Auto 5

Grand Theft Auto (GTA) is a series of action-adventure games created by David Jones and Mike Dailly.

Gameplay focuses on an open world where the player can complete missions to progress an overall story, as well as engage in various side activities. Most of the gameplay revolves around driving and shooting, with occasional role-playing and stealth elements. The series also has elements of the earlier beat ‘em up games from the 16-bit era. The games in the Grand Theft Auto series are set in fictional locales modelled after real-life cities, at various points in time from the early 1960s to the 2010s.

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5 PUBG

The game is based on previous mods that were created by Brendan “PlayerUnknown” Greene for other games, inspired by the 2000 Japanese film Battle Royale, and expanded into a standalone game under Greene’s creative direction. In the game, up to one hundred players parachute onto an island and scavenge for weapons and equipment to kill others while avoiding getting killed themselves. The available safe area of the game’s map decreases in size over time, directing surviving players into tighter areas to force encounters. The last player or team standing wins the round. All of the buildings are old and torn apart from the war that the mysterious benefactor of the battle royale witnessed as a child. The guns and items placed all over the map were likely put there by the man behind the scenes, or, more likely, a team he employs, in an effort to make the everyone-for-themselves battle all the more interesting to watch. Much like the viewers in the Battle Royale film, he likely wants the action to be as entertaining as possible.

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6 DOTA

Dota 2 is a multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) video game developed and published by Valve. The game is a sequel to Defense of the Ancients (DotA), which was a community-created mod for Blizzard Entertainment’s Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos and its expansion pack, The Frozen Throne. Dota 2 is played in matches between two teams of five players, with each team occupying and defending their own separate base on the map.

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7 Need 4 Speed

The Need for Speed is a racing video game developed by EA Canada and published by Electronic Arts, initially released on the 3DO in 1994, and ported to MS-DOS in 1995. Another version of the game, The Need for Speed: Special Edition, was released in 1996 for the Microsoft Windows, PlayStation and Sega Saturn platforms. The original 3DO version offers eight sport cars, including several exotic models and Japanese imports, and tasks the player with racing in three realistic point-to-point tracks either with or without a computer opponent. Subsequent ports of the game normally include an additional ninth car and have more tracks, including closed circuits. Checkpoints, traffic vehicles, and police pursuits commonly appear in the races. The game also contained precise vehicle data with spoken commentary, several “magazine-style� images of each car interior and exterior and short video clips highlighting the vehicles set to music.

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8 Google Map

Google Maps is a web mapping service developed by Google. It offers satellite imagery, aerial photography, street maps, 360° interactive panoramic views of streets (Street View), real-time traffic conditions, and route planning for traveling by foot, car, bicycle, air (in beta) and public transportation. The biggest change in the Google Maps is its updated UI. The new Maps implements a redesign that organises the app’s various features and pages into five new tabs. The five new tabs - Explore, Commute, Saved, Contribute, and Updates - line the bottom of the app screen. That’s a noticeable difference from the previous version of the app, which only had tabs for Explore, Commute, and For You, a section that pulls together recommendations for places to visit.

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9 Youtube

YouTube is an American online video-sharing platform headquartered in San Bruno, California. The new Home Page has been designed with a big emphasis on recommendations. In the background, the first video of the user’s recommendations is playing, but other videos can play depending on where the user puts the mouse. The background video can easily be paused or muted, and if the user finds it attractive, they can quickly add it to the “Watch Later” playlist or start watching it by clicking on the video’s title. The video will start where the preview ended. The idea is to create a relationship of trust between the user and Youtube’s Machine Learning algorithms so that their typical experience consists in launching “My Recommendations” and adjusting the playlist on the go.

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10 ITunes

iTunes is a media player, media library, Internet radio broadcaster, mobile device management utility, and the client app for iTunes Store, developed by Apple Inc. It is used to purchase, play, download, and organize digital multimedia, on personal computers running the macOS and Windows operating systems, and can be used to rip songs from CDs, as well as play content with the use of dynamic, smart playlists. Options for sound optimizations exist, as well as ways to wirelessly share the iTunes library.

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11 Monument Valley

Monument Valley is an indie puzzle game developed and published by Ustwo Games. The player leads the princess Ida through mazes of optical illusions and impossible objects while manipulating the world around her to reach various platforms. Its visual style was inspired by Japanese prints, minimalist sculpture, and indie games Windosill, Fez, and Sword & Sworcery, and was compared by critics to M. C. Escher drawings and Echochrome. The art was designed such that each frame would be worthy of public display.

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12 VSCO

Visual Supply Company was founded by Joel Flory and Greg Lutze in California in 2011. Photos can be taken or imported from the camera roll, as well as short videos or animated GIFs. The user can edit their photos through various preset filters, or through the “toolkit� feature which allows finer adjustments to fade, clarity, skin tone, tint, sharpness, saturation, contrast, temperature, exposure, and other properties. Users have the option of posting their photos to their profile, where they can also add captions and hashtags.

Photos can also be exported back into the camera roll or shared with other social networking services. The users also have an option to edit their own videos from their camera roll with the VSCO yearly membership, but they are not able to post camera roll videos to their account on VSCO.

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