2021 July_AR516
Architecture Design Studio 5
Crossover Between Time & Space In The Site Shelter Lee Yong Teng 1001748021
Content
01 The Enlightenment: “The Eyes of the Skin” by Juhani Pallasmaa
02 Enlightenment Practice:
Portugal Ruin Site Shelter
03 Site Research:
Nearby Current Town of Lenggong Valley
04 Urban Strategies:
Existing Local Activities & User Life’s Route in Lenggong Valley
07 Site Shelter:
Crossover between Time & Space in the Site Shelter
06 Building Strategies: Building Proposal on the Selected Potential Site
05 Urban Intervention:
Proposed Local Activities & User Life’s Route in Lenggong Valley
08 Integrated Design:
Building Services Technical Report
The Book Cover and Author, Juhani Pallasmaa
01 The Enlightenment: “The Eyes of the Skin” by Juhani Pallasmaa "The Eyes of the Skin" is a classic book in architecture published by Juhani Pallasmaa in 2005. Since the book's first publication, interest in the role of the body and the senses has been emerging in both architectural philosophy and teaching. This new, revised and extended edition of this seminal work will not only inspire architects and students to design more holistic architecture but will enrich the general reader's perception of the world around them. The Eyes of the Skin has become a classic of architectural theory and consists of two extended essays. The first surveys the historical development of the ocular-centric paradigm in western culture since the Greeks, and its impact on the experience of the world and the nature of architecture. The second examines the role of the other senses in authentic architectural experiences and points the way towards a multi-sensory architecture that facilitates a sense of belonging and integration. During this project, we were required to read three selected topics from the book which are "Space of Memory & Imagination", "An Architecture of the Senses" and "The Task of Architecture". The diagram on right is the summary of the topics and the enlightenment that inspired me from the topics.
01
02 Enlightenment Practice: Portugal Ruin Site Shelter The "Forte da Luz Peniche, Portugal" is a significant landmark located within a remarkable place; a powerful natural scenery where traces from the Fortress emerge from the landscape and together with the cliff surfaces eroded by wind and the immensity of the ocean are notable features within this setting.
Today, the ruin of the Fortress is a landmark within a remarkable landscape; the natural beauty and the memory of the place offer the visitors a unique experience. During this task, we were required to build a site shelter on the site with the enlightenment from "The Eyes of the Skin".
The Fortress, built in the 17th century, was an important defensive structure to strengthen the coastline defensive system.
My main concept in this project is protection since the ruin is used to protect the locals in their history. So we should protect back the ruin nowadays with the site shelter.
02
Forte da Luz Peniche, Portugal
03 Site Research: Nearby Current Town of Lenggong Valley Lenggong is a town located in Perak, Malaysia. The Lenggong valley in Hulu Perak is one of Peninsular Malaysia's most important areas for archaeology, as excavations have revealed many traces of Malaysia's prehistory. It is the site of the oldest known place of human activity in the Peninsula. Many of the caves in the Lenggong area have revealed evidence of ancient humans having lived and hunted in this area. The Lenggong Valley was listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage site on 30 June 2012.
During this task, we separated into different groups and conducted microsite analysis and research on different topics. For my group, we were studying the nearby current town of Lenggong. We studied the current economic activities, tourism development, circulation within the site and through the site. The result of the research will affect the programme selection in the further design process.
03
Lenggong Town
Main Economic Activities
Legend Home Stay Farming School Office Religious Area Restaurant Hardware Store Recreational Area Shopping Area Home Good Store Hospital
Main Economic Activities
Legend Home Stay Farming School Office Religious Area Restaurant Hardware Store Recreational Area Shopping Area Home Good Store Hospital
Main Economic Activities
Legend Home Stay Farming School Office Religious Area Restaurant Hardware Store Recreational Area Shopping Area Home Good Store Hospital
Main Economic Activities
Legend Home Stay Farming School Office Religious Area Restaurant Hardware Store Recreational Area Shopping Area Home Good Store Hospital
Legend
Data of Main Economic Activities Lenggong Town
Cluster 1 4%
4%
20%
16%
Cluster 2
5% 5%
4% 4%
7%
30%
15%
10%
10%
15%
10% 10%
20%
16%
Home Stay Farming School Office Religious Area Restaurant Hardware Store Recreational Area Shopping Area Home Good Store Hospital
15%
20%
Age
20%
10%
15% 15%
Gender Legend
Income Legend
< 30 – 38% 31-40 – 21.7% 41-50 – 19% 51-60 – 13% 61+ – 8.3%
Male – 48.3% Female – 51.7%
Key of Economic Activities Services
- Digital Economy (Creative Industry, Global Business Services) - Education
Manufacturing
- Automotive - High Tech Manufacturing - Heavy Industries
Agriculture
- Aquaculture - Cash Crops - Special Agro Economic Zone
Mining & Quarrying
- Sustainable Mining and Downstream - Activities Downstream Activities
Tourism
-
Archaeotourism Geotourism Ecotourism Heritage Tourism
Legend No Income– 34.3% < RM1K – 27.1% RM1K-2K – 23.8% RM2K-3K – 11.5% RM3K-4K – 2.3% 4K+ – 1%
Data of Main Economic Activities Strengths -
Opportunities
Easy to Visit It’s a protected environment It’s a archaeological site It has a community with lots of small businesses that can be developed It has a lot of land that can developed
-
A focused strategy in developing a specific need of tourism An opportunity to upgrade tourism resources already available Mastery over a new market New job for local community The strengthening of the entrepreneurial field Incentives to develop new form of special tourism interests
Weakness and Threats - Lack of Investor Interest. - Threat to the cave ecosystem.
- Lack of initiative by locals. - Few locals. - Weak marketing.
Social Economic Owned Chart Legend Services - 55% Manufacturing – 21% Agriculture – 20% Others - 4% Legend Homestay - 45% Restaurant – 30% Shop – 19% Others - 6%
Legend Company - 21% Government – 19% Individual Family – 60%
- No control or protection to archaeological sites and formations of dripstone, - Uneven development in the districts, - A lack of relevant amenities and services.
Montage
Montage
Montage
Tourism Development in Lenggong
Legend Cluster Boundary Archaeological Site Non-Heritage Tourism Heritage Tourism Nature Tourism Agro Tourism
Tourism Development in Lenggong
Legend Cluster Boundary Archaeological Site Non-Heritage Tourism Heritage Tourism Nature Tourism Agro Tourism
Tourism Development in Lenggong
Legend Cluster Boundary Archaeological Site Non-Heritage Tourism Heritage Tourism Nature Tourism Agro Tourism
Data of Tourism Development in Lenggong
Legend
Legend
Archaeological Site – 20% Non-Heritage Site – 60% Nature Tourism – 15% Agro Tourism – 5%
Archaeological Site – 15% Non-Heritage Site – 55% Heritage Tourism – 20% Nature Tourism – 5% Agro Tourism – 5%
Strengths
Weakness
-
-
-
Cultural and UNESCO Heritage. Accommodation mostly owned by the locals. Community based Tourism allows visitors to understand the culture and lifestyle of locals. Strong cultural, local identify. Easily access by visitors. Comfortable and less polluted environment. Closer to nature such as caves, mountains, rivers and etc.
Threats
-
-
-
Non-Heritage Site – 70% Nature Tourism – 25% Agro Tourism – 5%
Limited capacity for bigger groups of people for accommodation. Only one motel can be found in both towns. Weak promotion and marketing of the archaeological sites. Lack of management. Lack of events.
Opportunities Developed neighbourhood are involving in the accommodation business such as Airbnb. More job opportunities. Improving the living standards. Development of events and activities. Opportunity to promote local products. (Agriculture)
Legend
Low number of visitors. Lack of attention and support. Lack of appreciation of archaeological site. Pollution of the area. Damage of site. Increase in traffic / noise population might be a problem for the locals. Other competitive UNESCO site or other destinations.
Montage Cluster 1
Montage Cluster 2
Montage Kampung Kelatan
Agriculture in Lenggong Valley
Legend Fishing Durian Paddy Field Rubber Other Plantation Palm Oil Coconut
Agriculture in Lenggong Valley
Legend Fishing Durian Paddy Field Rubber Other Plantation Palm Oil Coconut
Agriculture in Lenggong Valley
Legend Fishing Durian Paddy Field Rubber Other Plantation Palm Oil Coconut
Data of Agriculture in Lenggong Valley Plantations
Occupations
Legend
Legend
Paddy Field – 7%
Fishing – 4%
Rubber – 31% Other – 22% Palm Oil – 20% Coconut – 10%
Commercial – 17% Agriculture – 21% Government -19% Other – 39%
SWOT Strength
Weakness
- High Quality Land - High Technical Knowledge of Farmers - New Technology
- Lack of Labours - Poor Local Market Opportunities - Low Population
Opportunities
Threats
- The Growth of Population - The Development of New Technology - The Government Support For Agriculture
- Development of Poor Local Market Opportunities - Development of Government support for Agriculture - Increasing Industries that Related to Agriculture
Legend Fishing Durian Paddy Field Rubber Other Plantation Palm Oil Coconut
Montage
Mode of Transportation
Public Transportation Routes
Pedestrian & Hiking Trail Circulation
Legend
Schematic Hiking Route Diagram
Routes
Legend
Primary Route Hiking Trail Research & Education Only Connection Point Lenggong Valley
Benefits of being a UNESCO Heritage Site
2. Restorations The cultural and natural heritage is among the priceless and irreplaceable Being Classified as an archaeological heritage site come with a handful of assets, not only of each nation, but of humanity as a whole. The loss, through benefits such as deterioration or disappearance, of any of these most prized assets constitutes an impoverishment of the heritage of the heritage of all the peoples of the world. 1. Solutions Parts of that heritage, because of their exceptional qualities, can be considered UNESCO experts and other partners frequently assist the World Heritage to be of “Outstanding Universal Value” and as such worthy of special protection Committee and States Parties in finding solutions before a situation against the dangers which increasingly threaten them. deteriorates to the point where the site is jeopardised. UNESCO launched an ambitious plan to protect and develop the historical site in “The Archaeological site of Delphi in Greece at the time of its nomination in 1993, which was carried out by the Division of Cultural Heritage in collaboration 1987, plans were underway to build an aluminium plant nearby the site. The which the World Heritage Centre. The main issues were unauthorised excavation, Greek government was invited to find another location for the plant, which archaeological site pillaging and landmines. it did, and Delphi took its rightful place on the World Heritage - Due to the discovery of “Perak Man”, UNESCO deemed Lenggong Valley a World Heritage site which ignited the spectacle to state of the art equipment - UNESCO provides experienced teams to over see the area of Lenggong to help determine the age of “Perak Man”. Valley and the surrounding areas. - The same step taken as Cambodia were implemented to determine the safety - Lenggong Valley is extended the solutions such as treatment of of the site, the archaeologists and the artifacts in the area from pottery, tools, artifacts, protection of artifacts and specialiazed assistance of to the remains of any life from that era. archaeological excavations. - UNESCO ensures that the area of Lenggong Valley would not be tarnished projects and other similar ordeals. - If a building/recreational project is proposed within or around the premises of site, UNESCO will intervene and urge the government of Malaysia to search for another location for the project. - In rare cases, UNESCO wlll use a VETO of fully closing building projects if they are persistent on building on site or within the boundary of Lenggong Valley as they do not want to disturb the archaeological significance of the site.
Delphi in Greece
Gua Kajang.
Perak Man Skeleton in the Museum.
Benefits of being a UNESCO Heritage Site Being Classified as an archaeological heritage site come with a handful of benefits such as 3. International Safeguarding Sites for which international campaigns were launched in the 1960s, often became World Heritage sites, and the World Heritage concept itself developed from these first international campaigns launched by UNESCO. “Temple of Borobudur, Indonesia an international safeguarding campaign was launched by UNESCO in 1972 to restore this famous Buddhist temple, dating from the 8th and 9th centuries. Abandoned in the year 1000, the temple was gradually overgrown with vegetation and was not rediscovered until the 19th century. With the active participation of the Japan Trust Fund for the Preservation of World Cultural Heritage and other partners, the restoration of Borobudur was completed in 1983.” - Lenggong Valley, though being a part of Malaysia, it is classified as a World heritage site which means that Malaysia cannot take ownership of Lenggong Valley and it is protect by International Laws. - Being classified as a world heritage site, Lenggong Valley world fall under public domain and cannot be claimed by one person, business entity or country.
Wood Buffalo National Park
Excavation Site in the Museum
4. Heritage Conservation Opportunities – For Locals Along with the numerous benefits that come with placement on the World Heritage List, persons who live near, work at, or visit World Heritage sites face unique obstacles. Increased visitor numbers, which is one of the expected outcomes of World Heritage status, can necessitate cooperation at all levels in order to ensure that this expansion is carefully managed. Stakeholders have both advantages and disadvantages, and their input is critical. Cooperation at Parks Canada. The project represents an example of cooperation between and natural heritage, including at Wood Buffalo National Park. Parks Canada has strengthened relationships with Aboriginal peoples by developing a framework that engage Aboriginal communities in the planning and management of national parks, national historic sites and marine conservation areas. - UNESCO offers locals of Lenggong Valley the education and opportunity to participate in the conservation of the heritage site which comes as job offers and scholarships. - Projects are set on community conservations in order to make locals understand the archaeological importance of Lenggong Valley as a whole.
Perak Man lifestyle display in the Museum
04 Urban Strategies: Existing Local Activities & User Life’s Route in Lenggong Valley Lenggong Valley is a rustic but potential town due to its unique geographic location and rich ancient human history. Since Lenggong Valley has been qualified as UNESCO World Heritage at 2012, the locals were once full of longing for the development of their hometown especially the economic development with tourism. But until now, the attractiveness of Lenggong Valley is not enough and the result is only passable. The underappreciation's reason of Lenggong Valley is multifaceted and also complicated.
According to the site research and the microsite analysis, I summarize some vision to the existing Lenggong development in order to help improve in the future. The main vision is to create connectivity between the existing element in Lenggong. So I did a more detailed study of the existing building typology, function and programme. Also study the user's life routes included students, local adults, tourism and archaeologist. This study helped me a lot in choosing the potential site and sub-programme for the site shelter.
04
Bukit Bunuh Hill Top
05 Urban Intervention: Proposed Local Activities & User Life’s Route in Lenggong Valley According to the detailed study for certain purposes, I summarize the problem and opportunity of Kota Tampan. My entry point and perspective is to improve the overall environment with urban intervention thus attracting users to visit and also to overlap the journey between tourists and locals. I choose some potential sites in Cluster 1 and proposed some designs to try the possibility and feasibility of each potential site. Try to provide a complete journey that allows bringing all the users to have a circulate tour to all the potential sites and existing heritage sites.
2 different methods of travel circulation provided different experiences and feeling to the users and the users are allowed to choose each or both type to experience it. The proposed buildings are based on the existing building programme and proposed a programme other than existing in order to layer up and provides a new selection for the existing users and new users.
05
Kota Tampan Urban Intervention
06 Building Strategies: Building Proposal on the Selected Potential Site To start the final site shelter design of the project, we intensively explore urban strategy and building strategy at the selected potential site that is near the heritage site. I studied two potential sites with different study models and conceptual mock-up models to reflect back the characteristic of Lenggong which is the topography and geography of Lenggong. Other than that, I did an idea development that responds to different features surrounding the site and it affected the final building strategy for the selected site.
After that, the form development is a step that I combine and merge all of the ideas and study into a final building strategy model. The final vision of the building strategy is to provide a crossover space for every user that allows to provide a different experience and feeling with maximizing the user's sensory.
06
The final study model during this step is a first draft and the first step for the final site shelter design.
The Study Model on Proposed Site
Sectional Perspective Montage
07
07 Site Shelter: Crossover between Time & Space in the Site Shelter
07 Site Shelter: Crossover between Time & Space in the Site Shelter The task is the combination of the idea that I experience during project 2. It is a site shelter, also is a museum. The design feature of the design in project 3 is that is an underground building designed to assume the archaeology excavation site and one of the programmes is a man-made cave. The vision of the design is to introduce and provide the feeling and experiences of archaeologists and ancient humans. I try to overlap their feeling and to share it with the users. I wonder to provide crossover spaces between space and times that allow the users to experience the ancient time and present time.
The internal space's design is inspired by the Gua Harimau so it influences the internal spaces in the lighting and opening. The internal spaces are darker with a limited opening which only has a cave mouth (opening) on one side and the skylight opening at the top. So internal light is kind of like a guiding light in the space and the user can follow the light source to experience the spaces to spaces. Other than that, the internal light also is a natural spotlight which used to highlight the key areas like the artefact display area.
07
Courtyard: Connection of the Spaces
Concept Natural Feature in Lenggong / Identity of Lenggong
Sungai Perak
Capillary Wave
Gua Harimau
Space Planning
Office
Artifact Display Area
To Excavation Site
38 sqm
Archaeology Laboratory 44 sqm
Library
520 sqm
100 sqm
*2 Levels*
Cafeteria
Courtyard
198 sqm
WC
360 sqm
S
Memory Corridor
Entrance
Main Entrance
To Open Area
*Main Connection to all Spaces*
Drop off
135 sqm
Lobby
Man-made Cave
55 sqm
Storage 90 sqm
470 sqm
To Landscape
To River
Total Building Area :2210 sqm
Bubble Diagram
Public Circulation
View
Private Circulation
Direction
Form Development
01_Base Volume
The base volume is inspired by the shape of Sungai Perak.
02_Concept
Taking one of the concepts, Capillary Wave to add-on more volume for spaces.
04_Respond to Wind Orientation
03_Respond to Sun Orientation
Rotate the corner part to facing the sun orientation to receive more natural light and view.
Rotate the middle part according to the wind orientation. The different level of capillary form maximizes the wind contact surface and allow it to lead the wind. Add one more space to catch the wind.
Form Development
05_Merge into Site
Inspired by the archaeology excavation site. Follow the site contour and merge with it. The overall form going the underground.
07_Connect to River
Extrude a walkway to have a direct connection to the river. From the underground spaces to the ground level then to the river.
06_Direct Approach
Provide a ramp connect to the form from ground to floor level. Allow a direct approach to the spaces and decrease unnecessary routes.
08_Detail Up
Think and merge all of the ideas together and detail up the form and spaces.
Watch Tower at Lenggong Archaeological Museum
To Excavation Site
Total Site Area: 2.1 Acres
Site Plan
Sungai Perak
11 6
8
5
D A
7
9
D E C
D
D
H
H F
3 4
1
F G E
2
I
B
Main Spaces 1. Drop Off 2. Foyer 3. Reception 4. Lobby 5. Courtyard
Ground Floor Plan
6. Office 7. Archive Room 8. Archaeology Laboratory 9. Library 10. Lounge 11. Artifact Display Area
Other A. Car Park B. Loading Bay C. Outdoor Canteen D. Counter E. Green Roof
10
F. Surau G. Services H. Toilet I. Landscape
11
11 12
13 11
H
J
H K 15
G
13
14
I
Main Spaces 11. Artifact Display Area 12. Light Atrium 13. Memory Corridor 14. General Storage 15. Artifact Storage
Other G. Services H. Toilet I. Landscape J. Open Area K. M&E Room
Basement Floor Plan
12
11
11
13
16 17 18 19
20
17
Main Spaces 16. Excavation Experience Space 17. Cave Month 18. Ancient Lifestyle Experience Space 19. Wall Art Gallery 20. Cave Lounge
Lower Ground Floor Plan
17
20
A E C
J
1
E
I B
Legend 1. Drop Off A. Car Park B. Loading Bay C. Outdoor Canteen E. Green Roof
Roof Plan
I. Landscape J. Open Area
South Elevation
North Elevation
West Elevation is the location of the main entrance. The idea and intention of the main entrance are to make it narrow and low key. Try to blend it into the surroundings and evoke interest or doubt for the user before they enter the building.
West Elevation
The design allows the user to explore and discover the different storylines. The way of exploring and discovering will provide different experiences and feeling to the user. After they go through everything, the user will feel a very strong contrast that is different from before they enter the building.
East Elevation
Drop Off Reception Lobby
Section X-X
Courtyard & Basement Display Area
Library & Lounge
Sungai Perak
Sungai Perak is the second-longest river in Peninsular Malaysia, also is a river of life that born a rich ancient history around Perak. To respond to the identity of Perak and Lenggong, the shape inspired the design form especially the public space form.
Cave Month
It is a connection between the building and the Sungai Perak. It can be an exit of the cave also is an entrance of the cave.
Sectional Perspective Y-Y
Ancient Lifestyle Experience Space
The space allows users to experience how the lifestyle of the Perak Man. The interior space is a man-made cave, to assume the environment of the ancient natural shelter and try to provide the same feeling of the Perak Man.
Excavation Experience Space
The excavation experience space is to allow the user to experience the work and job as an archaeologist and to evoke their interest in doing excavation activities.
Basement Display Area
The basement display area provides a different height platform to allow the user to have a different view angle to the artifact. The courtyard on top also has a void to allow the user to look at the artifact from the top courtyard to the basement artifact display cabinet.
Artefact Display Area
The idea of the artifact display area is a spiral ramp going up and down surrounding the light atrium and it provided some opening for user to look down to the display cabinet in the middle. The display cabinet is below the light atrium and allows the light to highlight the artifact.
Cave Month
Sungai Perak
Sectional Perspective Y-Y
Ancient Lifestyle Experience Space
Excavation Experience Space
Basement Display Area
Artefact Display Area
Mood Board Artifact Display Area (Ground Floor)
Visualization
Scaled Isometric Space
Interior of Light Atrium
Mood Board Artifact Display Area (Basement)
Visualization
Scaled Isometric Space
Interior View to the skylight of Basement Display Area
Mood Board Memory Corridor
Visualization
Scaled Isometric Space
View from Open Area to Memory Corridor
Mood Board Lower Ground Cave Area
Scaled Isometric Space Visualization
Wall-Art Gallery
View from Cave Month to Spiral Ramp and Excavation Experience Space
Lounge
Ancient Lifestyle Experience Space
View from Cave Month to Spiral Ramp and Excavation Experience Space View from Wall-Art Gallery to Lounge and Cave Exit
View from River
Open Space Entrance
Landscape View
View to Main Entrance
Lobby
Courtyard to Library
Library
Exploded Detail
Axonometric Exterior Visualisation
Isometric Perspective
08
08 Integrated Design: Building Services Technical Report
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