Measuring and tracking complementary indicators In tracking the contribution of renewable energy to TFEC under the SE4ALL initiative, the analysis of complementary indicators will be necessary to understand patterns and overall market evolution at the global, regional, and country levels. We recommend monitoring the following additional indicators:
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Deployment diversity, including threshold levels of installed capacity for key renewable energy technologies or resources and number of countries reaching threshold levels of renewable energy as a proportion of final energy consumption
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Policy development, including number of countries with a policy target and level of target in each country for an aggregated global baseline; and adoption of fiscal, financial, and economic incentives at the country level
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Technology costs for each of the renewable energy technologies considered, initially in terms of LCOE, but if suitable procedures can be developed this should be complemented by manufacturing cost data where possible
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Investment in renewable energy (by asset class, country, and region)
Baseline year Given the availability of data, we propose that the baseline year should be established as 2010, providing a 20-year period for reaching the target.
Data sources We recommend using the IEA data as the main source for measuring the starting point and for tracking the contribution of renewable energy to TFEC, complemented with the UN data for the case of smaller non-OECD countries.
The use of IEA statistics as a basis for tracking should also be supplemented by enhanced efforts to track direct use of renewable energy for heat, improve data on bioenergy use (particularly relating to the traditional uses of biomass), and identify small-scale and off-grid electricity generation (as well as other sources not currently measured or included in the energy statistics described earlier).
Global baseline and tracking Immediate and short term In the immediate and short term (that is, for establishing the starting point and for tracking progress within the next five years), the SE4ALL initiative will track TFEC of different renewable energy resources used for heating, electricity, and transport on a global basis. These resources include: hydro (all sizes), bioenergy (all types, but including only the estimated biodegradable fraction of products or waste), geothermal, aerothermal, solar (including PV and solar thermal), wind, and ocean.
The tracking of TFEC will be conducted primarily based on the statistics already produced by the IEA. These are based on country information gathered through annual questionnaires that the IEA designed to ensure consistency of reporting variables (for example, use of the same reporting conventions and definitions, use of the international standard industrial classification, application of the same definitions for different categories, and so on). This information is supplemented with other data sources in countries that have not signed data-reporting conventions with the IEA. The IEA aggregates the country-level data and reports on an annual basis.
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