C.1 Firm characteristics—means

APPENDIX C

Summary Statistics of RIA and FAT Data on Enterprises

TABLE C.1 Firm characteristics—means (medians in parentheses)

SAMPLE SECTOR SHARES (%) FIRM SIZE (FULL-TIME WORKERS) FIRM AGE (YEARS)

ALL FIRMS [total no. of firms]

RIA-SEN RIA-SSA FAT RIA-SEN RIA-SSA FAT RIA-SEN RIA-SSA FAT

[517] [3,889] [1,786] 1.3 (0) 0.7 (0) 29.0 (6) 8.0 (6) 10.1 (7) 16.9 (14)

Agriculture Manufacturing 13 10 11 0.7 (0) 0.8 (0) 39.2 (7) 8.4 (6) 12.9 (8) 20.5 (19)

3 5 38 2.0 (1) 1.3 (0) 35.1 (7) 7.1 (5) 12.8 (9) 15.9 (14)

Trade (wholesale/retail) 57 63 21 0.8 (0) 0.5 (0) 19.1 (6) 7.9 (6) 9.7 (6) 16.8 (14)

Other services 27 22 30 2.6 (1) 1.1 (0) 24.3 (10) 8.5 (6) 10.5 (7) 17.1 (14)

MANAGER’S EDUCATION (YEARS) FIRMS WITH FEMALE OWNER (%) FIRMS WITH ELECTRICITY (%)

RIA-SEN RIA-SSA FAT RIA-SEN RIA-SSA FAT RIA-SEN RIA-SSA FAT

ALL FIRMS 4.8 (0) 7.4 (6) 10.7 (6) 35 51 28 64 54 82

Agriculture 5.2 (0) 7.1 (6) 8.1 (6) 56 50 43 34 28 35 Manufacturing 4.7 (6) 7.5 (6) 9.0 (6) 29 39 20 76 47 92 Trade 5.0 (0) 7.0 (6) 11.6 (9) 34 54 33 64 53 86

Other services 4.4 (0) 8.5 (6) 13.1 (16) 28 43 31 80 71 85

Source: Atiyas and Dutz 2021. Note: The tables report totals, shares, and means based on unweighted data; medians are reported in parentheses. RIA covers the data from the RIA After Access Business Survey compiled by Research ICT Africa (RIA) in 2017–18. RIA-SSA covers the other eight SSA countries. FAT covers the 2019–20 Senegal Firm-Level Adoption of Technology survey. Brackets contain the total number of firms in each of the samples. Sample sector shares for RIA firms are based on a larger total number of responses, as firms are not asked their primary activity but rather separately whether they produce agricultural products or manufacturing products, whether they trade or sell goods, and whether they are providing another service (with a total of 603 responses for Senegal, 4,321 for non-Senegal SSA). Manager’s education is measured in years based on: “What is the highest level of education of the business manager?” The coding is as follows: “None” = 0, Primary = 6, “Secondary” = 13, “Tertiary: Diploma /Certificate” = 15, “Tertiary: Bachelor’s” = 16, “Tertiary: Master’s” = 19. Firms with electricity are based on a yes/no answer to “Do the business premises have electricity?” FAT = Firm-Level Adoption of Technology survey; RIA = Research ICT Africa; SEN = Senegal; SSA = Sub-Saharan Africa.

APPENDIX D

Use of DTs by Micro Informal Enterprises