116 The Future of Water in African Cities
Table 5.1 (continued) Principles
Evaluative questions
Integration of resource sectors
• Are there financial resources available that help to facilitate integration? • Are there support networks available that help to facilitate integration?
Coordination of government, nongovernment, and community management policies and activities
• Does a clear framework of coordination for implementation of management policies and activities exist? • Is coordination between government, nongovernment, and community stakeholders occurring? • Are stakeholders accountable for coordinated implementation of management policies and activities?
Stakeholder participation in resource management
• Are there opportunities for stakeholder participation? • Are stakeholders who should be involved in land–water management clearly identified? • Are the roles of stakeholders clearly defined? • Is equity maintained throughout the management process? • Do stakeholders have a strong role in the management process?
Accommodation and compromise
• Is there awareness about the potential problems of rapid development and the long-term availability of local water resources? • Are policies, goals, objectives, and means of managing development compatible with those of water management? • Are mechanisms in place to resolve conflict over the use of water in the event of drought?
Sources: Bloch, 2012; Carter et al., 2005.
Table 5.2 Principles of Sustainable Management: Evaluative Questions Principles
Evaluative questions
Long-term objectives
• Has the long-term demand for and supply of water resources been assessed with consideration for the projected growth of the municipality? • Do long-term strategies for the balancing of development and water use within municipalities exist? • Is variability in water supply, due to climate change and changes in use of water, considered?
Wise and efficient use of water resources
• Are principles of wise use available?
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