INDEX
paradigm changes for, 198–99 scale changes for, 197–98 structured debt products, 45, 51–52, 56 structured finance, 200, 210, 212, 214–15, 218–19, 274 structured oligations, 210–11, 214 Rohatyn, Felix, 57b ruralization of African cities, 127 Rwanda AICD on, 98b flooding risks in, 80 land ownership in, 86 public-works employment agency in, 249b refugees from, 139b urbanization in, 70b
S SADC (Southern Africa Development Community), 155 Safaricom, 167 SAIF (South Africa Infrastructure Fund), 178 salinization of aquifers, 127 sanitation. See waste management São Tomé and Principe, sovereign wealth fund in, 63, 179 savings, 156–57, 157b, 183 Saxony Urban Development Fund (SUDF, Germany), 248b sea-level rise, 80–81, 81m second-generation PPPs, 17 second-tier cities, 70b, 114, 207, 276–77 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC, U.S.), 49b SEEN (Société d’Exploitation des Eaux du Niger), 125b, 129b self-assessment financial analysis, 47, 50 self-financing, 42 Senegal case study, 6, 296–301 contractual approach in, 41 decentralization in, 296–97, 318f development banks in, 161 domestic bond market in, 157b
343
financing mechanisms in, 297–98, 317t flooding risks in, 80 key indicators, 296t municipal development support in, 165b, 298–300 Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers in, 75b public-private partnerships in, 171 public-works employment agency in, 249b recentralization of utilities in, 119b remittances to, 182, 183 situation analysis, 300–301 specialized financial institutions in, 162, 165b urbanization in, 296–97 service level, 71, 100–101, 124, 150, 281, 291 services financing. See also basic services cross-subsidization and, 24 in Egypt, 272–73 in Morocco, 283–84 regulatory framework for, 125 SETU (Société d'Équipement des Terrains Urbains, Côte d'Ivoire), 93b sewage. See waste management SFIs. See specialized finance institutions shared taxation, 151 SIC (Société Immobilière du Cameroun), 92b SICOGI (Société Ivoirienne de Construction et de Gestion Immobilière, Côte d’Ivoire), 93b Singapore, sovereign wealth fund in, 177 single coffer principle, 149 sinking funds, 166b, 214 slums, 76b, 84, 84b Smith, Adam, 29, 30–31b, 103n9, 254n54 SNE (Société Nationale des Eaux, Niger), 125b social safety nets, 248 Société de Gestion Financière de l’Habitat (SOGEFIHA, Côte d’Ivoire), 93b Société de Patrimoine des Eaux du Niger (SPEN, Niger), 125b, 129b