Endnotes In this report, Angola is primarily covered in the Central Africa chapter but where required for functional review it is also discussed in the present chapter. For population data, however, Angola remains in Central Africa as per the UNDESA classification and is not included in the data for the Southern African sub-region. 2 However, oscillating and other forms of ruralurban mobility remain strong, so that the place of residence recorded in censuses does not accurately reflect many people’s life worlds. 3 African Development Bank. (2012). Africa Economic Outlook. Gabon: Overview, Accessed from www.africaneconomicoutlook.org/en/ countries/central-africa/gabon/ on 02 September 2012 4. World Urbanization Prospects: The 2011 Revision, UNDESA, (New York, 2012). 5 WESGRO (2012). BPO: Outsourcing support and connecting the global economy, Available at: http://wesgro.co.za/investor/sectors/bpo, accessed 25 July 2012. 1
IPCC. (2012). Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Cambridge, CUP). 17 Jenkins, P. (2011) Maputo and Luanda, in Bekker S. and Therborn G. eds., Capital Cities in Africa; power and powerlessness, Pretoria and Dakar, Human Science Research Council and CODESRIA), pp. 141-166; Junior, P. and Oballa, B. (2011). Cities in Climate Change Initiative: Maptuo, Mozambique, Box 6.3, in Rosenzweig C., Solecki W., Hammer S. and Mehrotra S. eds., Climate Change and Cities: First Assessment Report of the Urban Climate Change Research Network (Cambridge, CUP), p. 156. 18 Kemp, L., Fairhurst, L., Rowswell, P., and Quayle, T. (2011) Sub-Saharan African Cities: A five-City Network to Pioneer Climate Adaptation through Participatory Research & Local Action: Maputo Baseline Study, Cape Town: ICLEI, p. 30 19 Hilia Hitula, Walvis Bay Town Planner, pers. comm., 27 June 2012. 20 UN-Habitat (2010). State of African Cities 2010: Governance, inequality and urban land markets. (Nairobi,2010). P. 229. 21 ICLEI (2011). Summary of Sub-Saharan African Cities: A Five-City Network to Pioneer Climate Adaptation through Participatory Research and Local Action (Cape Town: ICLEI), Available at: www.iclei.org/index.php?id=africa-adaptation, accessed 30 July 2012. 22 Brundrit, G. and Cartwright, A. (2012). Understanding the risks to Cape Town of inundation from the sea, in Cartwright A., Parnell S., Oelofse G. and Ward S. eds., Climate Change at the City Scale: Impacts, mitigation and adaptation in Cape Town (London, Earthscan/ Routledge), pp. 21-37. 16
Colenbrander, D., Sutherland, C., Oelofse, G., Gold, H. and Tsotsobe, S. (2012). Reducing the pathology of risk: Developing an integrated municipal coastal protection zone for the City of
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Cape Town, in Cartwright A., Parnell S., Oelofse G. and Ward S. eds., Climate Change at the City Scale: Impacts, mitigation and adaptation in Cape Town (London, Earthscan/Routledge), pp. 182201. IPCC. (2007).Climate Change 2007: Impacts, adaptation and vulnerability; Working Group II contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Cambridge, CUP). 25 GSDRC (2009). Climate change and Zimbabwe, Governance and Social Development Resource Centre, 2 October 2009. 26 Rosenzweig, C, Solecki, W., Hammer, S., and Mehrotra, S. eds. (2011). Climate Change and Cities: First Assessment Report of the Urban Climate Change Research Network (Cambridge, CUP). pp. 56-57. 27 De Wit, M., Stankiewicz, J. (2006). Changes in surface water supply across Africa with predicted climate change, in Science, vol. 311, 31 March 2006. 28 Heath, T., Parker, A., Weatherhead, K. (2010). How to Climate Proof Water and Sanitation Services in the Peri-Urban Areas in Lusaka, Water and Sanitation for the Urban Poor (WSUP), Cranfield University. 29 City of Johannesburg (2012). Climate change affects health, Available at: www.joburg.org.za/ index.php?option=com_content&view=article& id=7972&catid=88&Itemid=266, accessed 28 July 2012. 30 Ibid. 31 Turton, A. 2008. Three Strategic Water Quality Challenges that Decision-Makers Need to Know About and How the CSIR Should Respond. CSIR Report CSIR/NRE/WR/EXP/2008/0160/A. Keynote address, A Clean South Africa, presented at the CSIR Conference “Science Real and Relevant”, 18 November 2008. Pretoria: Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). Available at: www.bosparra.com/wp-content/ uploads/2008/11/banned_csir2008.pdf. 32 Battersby, J. (2012) Urban food security and climate change: a system of flows, in Frayne B, Moser C. and Ziervogel G. eds., Climate Change, Assets and Food Security in Southern African Cities (London, Earthscan/Routledge), pp. 35-56. 33 Kisner, C. (2008). Green Roofs for Urban Food Security and Environmental Sustainability: Urban agriculture case study: Harare, Zimbabwe. Available at: www.climate.org/topics/ international-action/urban-agriculture/harare.htm accessed 28 July 2012. 34 Ibid.; City of Johannesburg (2011a). Gauteng looks at climate issues, Available at: www.joburg. org.za/index.php?option=com_content&view =article&id=7519:gauteng-looks-at-climateissues&catid=88:news-update&Itemid=266, accessed 28 July 2012; eThekwini Municipality. (2012). Green roof, Available at: www.durban. gov.za/City_Services/development_planning_ 24
THE STATE OF SOUTHERN AFRICAN CITIES 2014
UN-Habitat (2010). State of African Cities 2010; Governance, inequality and urban land markets. (Nairobi, 2010), Pp. 234-6. 7 World Bank (2007) IDA At Work: Private sector development – Encouraging investments and economic growth in Mozambique, http://web. worldbank.org/wbsite/external/extaboutus/ida /0,,contentMDK:21321646~menuPK:326687 7~pagePK:51236175~piPK:437394~theSite PK:73154,00.html, accessed 7 July 2012. 8 Jenkins, P. and Wilkinson, P. (2002). Assessing the growing impact of the global economy on urban development in southern African cities, in Cities, vol. 19, no. 1, 33-47. 9 Cornelissen, S. (2011). More than a Sporting Chance? Appraising the sport for development legacy of the 2010 FIFA World Cup, in Third World Quarterly, vol. 32, no. 3, 503-529; Olivier, S. (2011). FIFA 2010 – Economic impact one year later, Communicate Blog, 3 October. www. communicate.co.za/_blog/Communicate_Blog/ post/FIFA_2010_%E2%80%93_Economic_ impact_one_year_later/, accessed 26 July 2012. 10 Bond, P. (2010). A Political Economy of the South African World Cup, 2010, PowerPoint presentation. Available at: www. amandlapublishers.co.za/home-page/304-apolitical-economy-of-the-soccer-world-cup-2010, accessed 25 July 2012; Bond, P. (2011). Politics of Climate Justice: Paralysis above, movement below, (Durban, UKZN Press). 11 UN-Habitat (2010). State of African Cities 2010; Governance, inequality and urban land markets. (Nairobi, 2010). 12 SADC/UNEP. (2010). Southern Africa sub-regional framework on climate change programmes report, First Draft – Working Document, February, 2010. P. 7. 13 NCAR. (2005). A continent split by climate change: new study projects in Southern Africa, 6
Rain in Sahel, National Centre for Atmospheric Research Press Release, May 24 2005 (Boulder, CO). In: SADC/UNEP. (2010). Southern Africa sub-regional framework on climate change programmes report, First Draft – Working Document, February, 2010. 14 Satterthwaite, D, Huq, S, Reid, H, Pelling, M. and Romero Lankao, P. (2009). Adapting to climate change in urban areas: the possibilities and constraints in low- and middle-income nations, in J. Bicknell, D. Dodman and D. Satterthwaite, eds., Adapting Cities to Climate Change: Understanding and addressing the development challenges (London, Earthscan), pp. 3-47. 15 IPCC. (2007). Climate Change 2007: Impacts, adaptation and vulnerability; Working Group II contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Cambridge, CUP).
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