GTS Benchmarks • All along important road and rail routes, datum points called Benchmark points (BMs) were established. • These BMs served as local reference of precisely measured elevation (from Madras) • They were often on stone posts, milestones, stone embeded into culvert walls, bridges, railway platforms, temple/church steps .. • Many of these BMs can be found even today and interestingly are still indicated in current day Survey of India Topo Maps
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