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Global Trends
Kigali Update Developed (Non-Article 5) Countries Eighty-seven countries (plus the European Union) have accepted, ratified or approved the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol as of November 18, 2019.*
Participant
Acceptance(A), Ratification, Approval(AA)
Andorra
Jan 23, 2019 A
Australia
Oct 27, 2017 A
Austria
Sep 27, 2018
Belgium
Jun 4, 2018
Bulgaria
May 1, 2018
Canada
Nov 3, 2017
Croatia
Dec 6, 2018
Czech Republic
Sep 27, 2018 A
Cyprus
July 22, 2019
Denmark**
Dec 6, 2018 AA
Estonia
Sep 27, 2018
European Union
Sep 27, 2018 AA
Finland
Nov 14, 2017 A
France
Mar 29, 2018 AA
Germany
Nov 14, 2017 A
Greece
Oct 5, 2018
Hungary
Sep 14, 2018 AA
Ireland
Mar 12, 2018
Japan
Dec 18, 2018 A
Latvia
Aug 17, 2018
Lithuania
Jul 24, 2018
Luxembourg
Nov 16, 2017
Netherlands***
Feb 8, 2018 A
New Zealand
Oct 3, 2019
Norway
Sep 6, 2017
Poland
Jan 7, 2019
* Based on data from United Nations Treaty Collection (https:// bit.ly/2pg0sgF)
Portugal
Jul 17, 2018 AA
Slovakia
Nov 16, 2017
** With territorial exclusion in respect of Greenland
Slovenia
Dec 7, 2018
*** For the European part of the Netherlands
Sweden
Nov 17, 2017
Switzerland
Nov 7, 2018
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Nov 14, 2017
The countries that have done so since September 27 include: Bhutan, Vietnam, New Zealand, Mauritius, Lesotho, São Tomé and Príncipe, and Jordan. The Kigali Amendment was enacted on October 15, 2016, by 197 countries (plus the EU) in Kigali, Rwanda; it took effect on January 1, 2019. The Amendment calls for the phase down of the production and use of HFCs by developed and developing countries following the acceptance, ratification or approval of the amendment by each country. The 49 developed (Non-Article 5) countries start with a 10% HFC phase down in 2019 (compared to a baseline of average HFC production/use in 2011-2013), except for Belarus, the Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, which start with a 5% phase down in 2020. All developed countries end with an 85% HFC phase down by 2036. Thirty-one plus the EU have so far accepted, ratified or approved the Amendment. The 148 developing (Article 5) countries fall into two groups. The majority starts a freeze in 2024 at a baseline of average HFC production/use in 2020-2022; those countries end with an 80% HFC phase down by 2045. The other Article 5 countries (Bahrain, India, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates) start a freeze in 2028 at a baseline of average HFC production/use in 2024-2026; those countries end with an 85% HFC phase down by 2047. So far, 56 Article 5 countries (both groups) have accepted, ratified or approved the Amendment. Here is a list of the 87 countries along with the EU that have accepted, ratified or approved the Kigali Amendment as of November 18.
Base Accelerate Magazine // November - December 2019