11 Nuclear Physics - Radioactivity 11.4 Beta Particles - Electron Absorption
Electron absorption
P2523100
Counting rate I as a function of absorber thickness.
Principle
Geiger-Müller-Counter
The attenuation of an electron particle stream passing through a material layer depends both on the thickness of the layer and on the mass coverage, resp. the "mass per unit area". It will be shown that the particle flux consisting of electrons of a particular energy distribution decreases with the "mass per unit area". As electron source, a radioactive sample of Sr90 is used. Tasks 1. The beta-counting rates are measured as a function of the absorber thickness using different absorbing materials such as aluminium (AL), glass (GL), hard paper (HP), and typing paper (TP). 2. The attenuation coefficients are evaluated for the four absorbing materials and plotted as a function of the density. Function and Applications
What you can learn about
Demonstration and student use unit in connection with Geiger Müller counting tubes for experiments on radioactivity.
▪ Density, Counter tube, Radioactive decay ▪ Attenuation coefficient, Mass coverage
Equipment and technical data
Main articles Radioactive source Sr-90, 74 kBq Geiger-Müller-Counter Geiger-Mueller Counter tube, type A, BNC Absorption plates f. beta-rays Base plate for radioactivity Plate holder on fixing magnet Supports f. base 09200.00, 2 pcs Counter tube holder on fix.magn. Source holder on fixing magnet Vernier caliper
09047-53 13606-99 09025-11 09024-00 09200-00 09203-00 09200-01 09201-00 09202-00 03010-00
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
▪ 4-digit LED display, 20mm high.4 standard measurement times 1/10/60/100 s, Automatic measurement sequence with memory 10 s ▪ Freely selectable measuring time, BNC-socket for counting tube 500V ▪ 4-mm-bushes for event counting with TTL signals, Mains 100-230 V/50-60 Hz, Shock proof casing with carrying handle ▪ Dimensions 190 x 140 x 130 mm 13606-99
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