Table of Contents 1
INTRODUCTION
5
2
METHODOLOGY
7
2.1
Overview of Desktop Research
7
2.2 Outreach and Consultation 2.2.1 Interview Program 2.2.2 PDAC Member Survey
7 7 8
2.3 Panel Review 2.3.1 Panelists
8 9
3
INTRODUCING MINERAL EXPLORATION
11
3.1 Exploration in the Mineral Development Sequence 3.1.1 Exploration Spending 3.1.2 Exploration Timelines & Budgets
12 15 16
4 ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ACROSS THE EXPLORATION SEQUENCE
19
4.1 Key Opportunities 4.1.1 Land-based Opportunities – Line Cutting & Staking 4.1.2 Diamond Drilling 4.1.3 Environmental Monitoring 4.1.4 Specialization in Geochemical and Geophysical surveying 4.1.5 Invest in Early Exploration Activities 4.1.6 Opportunities in Construction and Logistics 4.1.7 Invest Directly in Exploration Companies and Projects 4.1.8 Project Equity & Revenue Sharing Agreements
19 20 20 21 21 22 23 26 26
4.2 Summary of Survey Findings – Indigenous Participation Across the Exploration Sequence
28
5 CHALLENGES AND RISKS FACING INDIGENOUS PARTICIPATION IN EXPLORATION
30
6
COMMUNITY PLANNING FOR INVOLVEMENT IN EXPLORATION
6.1 Policy Development 6.1.1 Land Use Planning 6.1.2 Mining Readiness Strategies
32 32 32
2