Chapter 5 Mechanical Properties of Wood Table 5–3a. Strength properties of some commercially important woods grown in the United States (metric)a—con. Static bending
Common species names Hickory, pecan Bitternut Nutmeg Pecan Water Hickory, trued Mockernut Pignut Shagbark Shellbark Honeylocust Locust, black Magnolia Cucumbertree Southern Maple Bigleaf Black Red Silver Sugar Oak, red Black Cherrybark Laurel Northern red Pin Scarlet Southern red Water
ComWork to Com- pression Shear Tension maxipression perpen- parallel perpen- Side mum Impact parallel dicular to dicular to hardload bending to grain to grain grain grain ness (kJ m–3) (mm) (kPa) (kPa) (kPa) (kPa) (N)
Moisture Specific content gravityb
Modulus of rupture (kPa)
Modulus of elasticityc (MPa)
Green 12% Green 12% Green 12% Green 12%
0.60 0.66 0.56 0.60 0.60 0.66 0.61 0.62
71,000 118,000 63,000 114,000 68,000 94,000 74,000 123,000
9,700 12,300 8,900 11,700 9,400 11,900 10,800 13,900
138 125 157 173 101 95 130 133
1,680 1,680 1,370 — 1,350 1,120 1,420 1,350
31,500 62,300 27,400 47,600 27,500 54,100 32,100 59,300
5,500 8,500 11,600 — 5,200 7,100 10,800 — 5,400 10,200 11,900 14,300 6,100 9,900 10,700 —
— — — — 4,700 — — —
— — — — 5,800 8,100 — —
Green 12% Green 12% Green 12% Green 12% Green 12% Green 12%
0.64 0.72 0.66 0.75 0.64 0.72 0.62 0.69 0.60 — 0.66 0.69
77,000 132,000 81,000 139,000 76,000 139,000 72,000 125,000 70,000 101,000 95,000 134,000
10,800 15,300 11,400 15,600 10,800 14,900 9,200 13,000 8,900 11,200 12,800 14,100
180 156 219 210 163 178 206 163 87 92 106 127
2,240 1,960 2,260 1,880 1,880 1,700 2,640 2,240 1,190 1,190 1,120 1,450
30,900 61,600 33,200 63,400 31,600 63,500 27,000 55,200 30,500 51,700 46,900 70,200
5,600 11,900 6,300 13,700 5,800 12,100 5,600 12,400 7,900 12,700 8,000 12,600
8,800 12,000 9,400 14,800 10,500 16,800 8,200 14,500 11,400 15,500 12,100 17,100
— — — — — — — — 6,400 6,200 5,300 4,400
6,400 8,800 6,800 9,500 6,500 8,400 7,400 8,100 6,200 7,000 7,000 7,600
Green 12% Green 12%
0.44 0.48 0.46 0.50
51,000 85,000 47,000 77,000
10,800 12,500 7,700 9,700
69 84 106 88
760 890 1,370 740
21,600 43,500 18,600 37,600
2,300 6,800 3,900 9,200 3,200 7,200 5,900 10,500
3,000 4,600 4,200 5,100
2,300 3,100 3,300 4,500
Green 12% Green 12% Green 12% Green 12% Green 12%
0.44 0.48 0.52 0.57 0.49 0.54 0.44 0.47 0.56 0.63
51,000 74,000 54,000 92,000 53,000 92,000 40,000 61,000 65,000 109,000
7,600 10,000 9,200 11,200 9,600 11,300 6,500 7,900 10,700 12,600
60 54 88 86 79 86 76 57 92 114
580 710 1,220 1,020 810 810 740 640 1,020 990
22,300 41,000 22,500 46,100 22,600 45,100 17,200 36,000 27,700 54,000
3,100 5,200 4,100 7,000 2,800 6,900 2,600 5,100 4,400 10,100
7,700 11,900 7,800 12,500 7,900 12,800 7,200 10,200 10,100 16,100
4,100 3,700 5,000 4,600 — — 3,900 3,400 — —
2,800 3,800 3,700 5,200 3,100 4,200 2,600 3,100 4,300 6,400
Green 12% Green 12% Green 12% Green 12% Green 12% Green 12% Green 12% Green 12%
0.56 0.61 0.61 0.68 0.56 0.63 0.56 0.63 0.58 0.63 0.60 0.67 0.52 0.59 0.56 0.63
57,000 96,000 74,000 125,000 54,000 87,000 57,000 99,000 57,000 97,000 72,000 120,000 48,000 75,000 61,000 106,000
8,100 11,300 12,300 15,700 9,600 11,700 9,300 12,500 9,100 11,900 10,200 13,200 7,900 10,300 10,700 13,900
84 94 101 126 77 81 91 100 97 102 103 141 55 65 77 148
1,020 1,040 1,370 1,240 990 990 1,120 1,090 1,220 1,140 1,370 1,350 740 660 990 1,120
23,900 45,000 31,900 60,300 21,900 48,100 23,700 46,600 25,400 47,000 28,200 57,400 20,900 42,000 25,800 46,700
4,900 6,400 5,200 8,600 3,900 7,300 4,200 7,000 5,000 7,000 5,700 7,700 3,800 6,000 4,300 7,000
8,400 13,200 9,100 13,800 8,100 12,600 8,300 12,300 8,900 14,300 9,700 13,000 6,400 9,600 8,500 13,900
— — 5,500 5,800 5,300 5,400 5,200 5,500 5,500 7,200 4,800 6,000 3,300 3,500 5,700 6,300
4,700 5,400 5,500 6,600 4,400 5,400 4,400 5,700 4,800 6,700 5,300 6,200 3,800 4,700 4,500 5,300
5–5