COMMODITY AND TRADE ISSUES Poultry and poultry products: Semi-annual assessments of commodity and trade issues, Turkey by Sinem Duyum, Agricultural Specialist, USDA Turkey surpasses the European Union in per capita consumption of broiler meat, with 19.39 kg per capita consumed in 2013 and 21 kg per capita in 2014. Broiler meat has the biggest share of total poultry consumption.
Turkey is the world’s 9th largest poultry producer. Poultry sector revenue in 2014 was $ 4.5 billion in Turkey and there was increase in domestic poultry production, consumption and especially exportation. In 2015, exports reached over $450 million despite avian influenza outbreaks and turmoil in the region. The number of broilers in 2015 reached 214 million with 6.8 percent increase compared with the previous year. The number of laying hens in 2015 reached 99 million with 5.2 percent increase compared with the previous year. Insufficient feed available has been a problematic issue for poultry production and targeted production in the future, as well. The poultry sector has encountered many problems in raw material importation for feed due to the Biosafety Law and its regulation. According to the Turkish Poultry Meat Producers and Breeders Association (BESD-BIR), the sector increased by 8.8 percent in 2014. However Turkish poultry exports have declined 17 percent in quantity in 2015 because of the geopolitical problems and avian influenza outbreaks. Poultry Production In Figure 1, the decrease is seen in the number of poultry after 2006 is due to the first Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) case which was in the northwest of Turkey, Balikesir Province, in October 2005. The number of broilers in 2015 reached approximately 214 million with a 6.8 percent increase compared with the previous year. The number of laying hens in 2015 reached 99 million with a 5.2 percent increase compared with the previous year. The number of turkeys in 2015 reached to 2.8 million with 5.4 percent decrease compared with the previous year. Poultry Meat Production Poultry production facilities are mainly located in the north-west and west of Turkey, which is close to the concentration of consumers, as well as to the customs gates where the raw feed materials are imported. According to the Turkish Poultry Meat Producers and Breeders Association (BESD-BIR), total poultry meat production including broiler, turkey and the other poultry meat (backyard poultry and meat from laying hens) in 2014 was about 2 million MT and the sector increased by 8.8 percent. According to Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkSTAT) see Figure 2, broiler meat production was 1,895 MMT and turkey production was 48,663 MT in 2014. In 2015, broiler meat production has stagnated and realised 1,910 MMT. Broiler meat has 93 percent share in Turkey`s
82 | May 2016 - Milling and Grain