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Powering People and Planet: Impact Report 2025 • Chapter 2
India Which constraints limit energy systems to deliver development impact?
Exhibit 7: Energy systems profile for India Governance Policy Regulatory Indicators for Sustainable Energy overall score 75
Despite near-universal electricity access, India faces significant challenges in ensuring reliable, high-quality supply and accelerating renewable integration (see Exhibit 7). Grid infrastructure and planning remain suboptimal, limiting the ability to manage variable renewable energy and requiring an estimated 47GW of additional energy storage by 2030 — far beyond current capacity. Financing clean energy projects is hindered by the poor financial health and inefficiencies of distribution companies (DISCOs), which are reluctant to integrate new renewable capacity due to low daytime demand and lack of grid digitization. On the demand side, outdated equipment and unreliable supply reduce productive use potential. Agricultural solarization programs also face coordination and knowledge gaps, leaving substantial government subsidies underutilized.
100
Policy RISE Renewable Energy Pillar 68
100
Utilization Electricity power consumption (kilowatt-hour/person/year) 1,075
4,000
Access Access to electricity (% of population) 100%
100%
Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking (% of population) 75%
100%
System performance Total energy supply (GJ/person/year) 31
150
System Average Interruption Duration Index (hours/year) 4
0
Energy Transition Index score 53
100
Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output) 19%
88