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Brute force

Will anything change when Boulder reveals extent of police aggression?

by Will Brendza

■ Baseball from Pittsburgh to Puerto Rico, p. 9

■ International Film Festival returns, p. 19

■ Kratom and the opioid epidemic, p. 29

2022

news:

Will anything change when Boulder reveals extent of police aggression? by Will Brendza

adventure:

A lifetime love of baseball, from Pittsburgh to Puerto Rico by Adam Perry

buzz:

Glass Animals’ new album emerged from Joe Seaward’s miraculous recovery by Alan Sculley

9 13 15

art & culture:

Boulder Philharmonic concert will feature pianist Marcus Roberts by Peter Alexander

altered states:

Should kratom be a tool in the harmreduction kit for the opioid epidemic? by Caitlin Rockett

departments 5 16 19 20 21 22 25 27 30

Anderson files: Why the King Soopers strike matters Events: What to do when there’s ‘nothing’ to do . . . Film: Movies galore Astrology: by Rob Brezsny Savage Love: Fast and furious Nibbles: Longmont’s Fatworks peddles artesian lard Beer: Redgarden is open, and CANarchy sells Food and Drink: Blueberry latte and strawberry blueberry pie @ Gabee and Mountain Fountain Weed: Combating the virus

BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

JANUARY 20, 2022

Publisher, Fran Zankowski Circulation Manager, Cal Winn EDITORIAL Managing Editor, Caitlin Rockett News Editor, Will Brendza Food Editor, John Lehndorff Contributing Writers: Peter Alexander, Dave Anderson, Emma Athena, Rob Brezsny, Michael J. Casey, Angela K. Evans, Jim Hightower, Jodi Hausen, Karlie Huckels, Dave Kirby, John Lehndorff, Sara McCrea, Rico Moore, Amanda Moutinho, Katie Rhodes, Leland Rucker, Dan Savage, Alan Sculley, Tom Winter, Gary Zeidner SALES AND MARKETING Market Development Manager, Kellie Robinson Account Executives, Matthew Fischer, Carter Ferryman Advertising Coordinator, Corey Basciano Mrs. Boulder Weekly, Mari Nevar PRODUCTION Art Director, Susan France Senior Graphic Designer, Mark Goodman CIRCULATION TEAM Dave Hastie, Dan Hill, George LaRoe, Jeffrey Lohrius, Elizabeth Ouslie, Rick Slama BUSINESS OFFICE Bookkeeper, Regina Campanella Founder/CEO, Stewart Sallo Editor-at-Large, Joel Dyer

January 20, 2022 Volume XXIX, Number 20 As Boulder County's only independently owned newspaper, Boulder Weekly is dedicated to illuminating truth, advancing justice and protecting the First Amendment through ethical, no-holds-barred journalism, and thought-provoking opinion writing. Free every Thursday since 1993, the Weekly also offers the county's most comprehensive arts and entertainment coverage. Read the print version, or visit boulderweekly.com. Boulder Weekly does not accept unsolicited editorial submissions. If you're interested in writing for the paper, please send queries to: editorial@boulderweekly.com. Any materials sent to Boulder Weekly become the property of the newspaper. 690 South Lashley Lane, Boulder, CO, 80305 p 303.494.5511 f 303.494.2585 editorial@boulderweekly.com www.boulderweekly.com Boulder Weekly is published every Thursday. No portion may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher. © 2021 Boulder Weekly, Inc., all rights reserved.

Boulder Weekly welcomes your correspondence via email (letters@ boulderweekly.com) or the comments section of our website at www.boulderweekly.com. Preference will be given to short letters (under 300 words) that deal with recent stories or local issues, and letters may be edited for style, length and libel. Letters should include your name, address and telephone number for verification. We do not publish anonymous letters or those signed with pseudonyms. Letters become the property of Boulder Weekly and will be published on our website.

Why the King Soopers strike matters by Dave Anderson

he companies were thriving, but our workers didn’t thrive. Know what our workers got? COVID. Attacked. Beat up. Spit on. Slapped. Overworked. And the company? They did great. They did absolutely great, sitting behind their desk doing their job by Zoom.”— Kim Cordova, president of United Food and Commercial Workers (UFCW) Local 7 in Colorado A recent Harris poll of currently employed people discovered that more than half of workers want to leave their jobs. Millions of them have! Only about 12 percent of workers are in a union. A large number of the unionized have gone on strike. Former U.S. Labor Secretary Robert Reich says we have an “unofficial general strike.” Many union contracts are expiring this year. For 40 years, unions have been forced to make concessions. The big corporations have dominated our politics and both JANUARY 20, 2022

parties. During the pandemic, working life has become a nightmare for many. But the tight labor market has given workers more power. Now King Soopers workers are on strike in Colorado. The company is a division of Kroger. A new white paper from nonprofit researchers at the Economic Roundtable called “Hungry at the Table” recently surveyed 36,795 Kroger workers were in the Puget Sound region of Washington, the State of Colorado, and Southern California. They received 10,287 responses. The study was carried out at the request of the United Food and Commercial Workers (UFCW). The report begans: “Not too long ago, getting a job at a major supermarket was an entry into the middle class. Most workers worked full-time. A job in the grocery industry meant that one could make ends meet, afford decent housing, provide adequate meals for one’s family, even take a vacation and save some money for a rainy day. That is no longer the case. . . ” Two-thirds of those surveyed said that they do not earn enough money to cover their basic expenses each month. Forty four percent said that they cannot pay rent. see THE ANDERSON FILES Page 5 BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

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Fourteen percent reported that they are currently experiencing homelessness or have been homeless within the past year. The report cites this bitter irony: “Even though food surrounds Kroger grocery workers every hour on their job, over three-quarters of Kroger workers are food insecure, based on the U.S. Department of Agriculture food security assessment tool. These workers cannot afford balanced and healthy food. They run out of food before the end of the month, skip meals, and are hungry sometimes. Those with children report they go hungry to provide food and other essentials for their children. Kroger workers’ exceptionally high rate of food insecurity is seven times greater than the U.S. average.” Kroger is the only employer for 86 percent of their workers, making it their sole source of earned income. The company’s just-in-time scheduling practices make it nearly impossible for them to make up for their low pay with a second job. The report notes: “Over half of Kroger workers have work schedules that change at least every week, and 13 percent have schedules that change every day. A quarter of workers are told about schedule changes the same day or only one day in advance. Another one-third get 2 to 5 days’ notice of schedule changes. Only 16 percent of workers have schedules that do not change.” Think about that as you contemplate crossing the picket line at King Soopers. But there are other reasons to support the strike. In a report released last December, the Economic

Policy Institute showed how unions are not only good for workers but also for communities and democracy. The study reports that the 17 U.S. states with the highest union densities have state minimum wages that are on average 19 percent higher than the national average and 40 percent higher than those in low-union-density states. They also have median annual incomes $6,000 higher than the national average. The most unionized states were more likely to have passed paid sick and family and medical leave laws. They also have significantly fewer restrictive voting laws. Kroger can afford it. The company’s sales surged 8.4 percent in sales to $132.5 billion with $2.8 billion in profit during 2020. Kroger’s CEO, Rodney McMullin, saw his pay increase by 296 percent over the past decade. He received over $22 million in 2020. This opinion column does not necessarily reflect the views of Boulder Weekly. Correction: In Boulder Weekly’s article “A dam shame” (News, January 13, 2022) Denver Water spokesman Todd Hartman stated that the expansion of the reservoir and dam would result in “an additional 4.5 mWh per year and the capacity of the generators will increase from 7.6 to 8.1 mW.” We noted that is about half of what the average U.S. residential utility customer uses in a year. However, according to the project’s supplemental environmental assessment, it appears that Hartman meant gigawatt hours instead of megawatt hours, which equates to a 16.5 percent increase in energy output over the existing facility.

BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

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Use of force

Boulder will pay $95,000 to Sammie Lawrence and release three years of Boulder police “use of force data” following settlement— but will anything change?

by Will Brendza

hen Sammie Lawrence got the news that the City of Boulder had agreed to a settlement in his case against the city and the police officer who had brutally arrested him, he was ecstatic, according to Darren O’Connor. Over the phone he could hear Lawrence jumping up and down and hollering for joy. It’s the end of a long chapter in Lawrence’s life that started in April 2019 when Boulder police Officer Waylon Lolotai approached Lawrence and several other homeless individuals at the East Mapleton Ballfields. Lolotai ended up assaulting Lawrence and arresting him for “obstructing a police officer and resisting arrest” despite Lawrence having done neither, O’Connor says. The incident was all caught on tape. The charges against Lawrence were later dropped. And Lolotai was put on administrative leave following the incident; though BPD has suggested different reasons as to why that happened. For his own part, as one of Lawerence’s three lawyers, O’Connor says he was elated by the news too. He, alongside co-council Colleen Koch and Dan Williams of Hutchinson Black and Cook, had negotiated with the city to award Lawrence $95,000 in compensation; and, notably, to have the Boulder Police Department (BPD) release a dataset that will reveal a lot about the police force’s conduct and how often they’re using force in their interactions with the public. It’s a settlement that could be as eye-opening for the community of Boulder as it is vindicating for Lawrence. “We filed [this lawsuit] a little bit before the two year statute of limitations in 2021,” O’Connor says. “So we were litigating for under a year, but it had been almost three years since the original incident.” That original 2019 incident was traumatic for Lawrence, as was the following chapter in his life as a plaintiff in a high profile case within the community. But before getting into that incident it’s important to first understand a different character in this story: Officer Waylon Lolotai. Born in Pago Pago, American Samoa, and raised in Lafayette, Lolotai was once a college football player at the University of Hawaii at Manoa and then later at the University of Northern Colorado. He was then hired as a deputy with the Denver Sheriff ’s Department in 2014. However, the same year, he was caught on video aggressively shoving an inmate onto a metal staircase and dog piling him with other officers. An 18-month investigation into that incident took place that ended with Lolotai resigning from the force before action was ever taken against him. Subsequently, Lolotai was hired just a month later and 30 miles away by BPD. And it wasn’t long before he was making headlines again. In 2018, Lolotai was filmed shoving a woman named Kelly Clark so hard she became airborne, landing on concrete on her back. Clark sued the City of Boulder, Boulder Police Department and Lolotai in response, though the case was later thrown out on a technicality. In another video from the same year, Lolotai was shown grabbing and forcing a 50-year-old woman onto the sidewalk, twisting her arm and shoving her face into concrete

JANUARY 20, 2022

BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

after she pulled her phone out. Then, merely a month before he met Lawrence, Lolotai was involved in yet another high-profile police incident that made national headlines and similarly ended in a settlement with the victim. Zayd Atkinson, an African American student at Naropa University, was picking up garbage on his own property when he was swarmed by gun-wielding police officers harassing and threatening him— among those officers was Waylon Lolotai. Atkinison sued, and in March of 2020 he was awarded $125,000 in a settlement with the City of Boulder. None of these incidents were precipitated by apparent acts of aggression or violence from the victims toward Lolotai. On top of his job with BPD, Lolotai also had a side gig. He ran a business called Tactical Toa (@tacticaltoa on Instagram), which sold Polynesian-themed tactical equipment. However, on Tactica Toa’s since-erased Instagram page, Lolotai was also promoting what he affectionately referred to as “Use of Force Fridays” where he would post videos glorifying acts of police violence and use of excessive force. Which brings us to April 5, 2019, to the East Mapleton Ballfields and Sammie Lawrence. “[Boulder Police] claim that they had a call into dispatch around 10 in the morning about ‘transients, littering and smoking pot’ at the park on the day that Sammie was arrested,” O’Connor says. “It was a good four hours later that Officer Lolotai showed up.” In the video from Lolotai’s bodyworn camera (BWC), he approaches a seated group of individuals at the ballfield, surrounded by a few personal belongings, beverages, and snacks. He asks them to identify themselves, claiming there had been multiple calls about them and asserting that the items around them were litter. Lawrence, who was seated a short distance away, stood up using a walking aid and moved cautiously closer to the scene to observe and film the interaction. The following events happened quickly and came to define the next two and a half years of both men’s lives. Lawrence stood nearby filming as Lolotai repeatedly told him to step back and drop his walking stick. Lawrence explained, he uses the walking aid because of stress-induced seizures and that he was standing a safe distance away. The two went back and forth about the stick; Lolotai called for backup; Lawrence continued recording from where he stood; and when a second officer appeared on the scene, Lolotai moved on Lawrence. He grabbed Lawrence’s arm and the stick fell away as Lolotai forced him to the ground. “You are harassing me, you are harassing me, this is my walking stick,” Lawrence screamed, BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

before Lolotai’s BWC stopped recording. A police report on the Lawrence case suggests the camera fell off Lolotai’s uniform. The entire interaction lasted just under eight minutes. Lawrence was charged with obstructing a peace officer and resisting arrest. He went to the hospital and was then booked in jail. But his charges were eventually dismissed after he completed a deferred sentence, according to court records. Lolotai was put on administrative leave shortly thereafter. In a video addressing the NAACP, Boulder Police Chief Maris Herold indicated that following the incident with Lawrence, when she learned about Lolotai’s Tactical Toa Instagram page and “Use of Force Fridays,” he was “immediately

“In talking with the chief today, you can attribute this statement to her, ‘I’m confident in the actions of my officers that day given the circumstances and I stand by that.’” Waugh also included a statement BPD had previously released regarding the settlement: “Given the projected costs of litigation, it is our belief it was unlikely the city will be in a significantly better economic position by litigating the case compared to approving the proposed settlement agreement.” In other words, it was cheaper to settle with Sammie Lawrence for $95,000 than fight him and his lawyers in court. As a secondary aspect of the settlement, BPD also agreed to release its use-of-force data from 2019-2021 for the entire police force. That will include incidents of use of force involving an officer’s firearm for each month, use of force using a stun gun each month, and the total number of officers actively patrolling each month. Colleen Koch, of Lawrence’s defense team, says it will essentially be monthly averages of these numbers, giving the public insight into how often BPD is using force in its interactions with the public. “I think it will give everybody a more realistic sense of what use of force instances are actually occurring within the city,” Koch says, “And whether those numbers are in line with Boulder’s community values, as far as progressive policing goes.” Koch adds that this is a chance for learning and introspection on the part of the city. She hopes it will provide a foundation for being proactive about how Boulder is policed, and hopes also that people will continue to advocate for their civil rights when it’s necessary—as it was in this case. Will BPD change in the wake of this settlement? O’Connor says he hopes so, but isn’t holding his breath. If anything, its actions so far seem to indicate to him that BPD would rather protect officers like Lolotai, than serve its community by holding them accountable. “If the police department or even the district attorney had done their job and found [Lolotai] guilty of using excessive force on people, which I believe he was . . . he would not be able to be a police officer [anymore].” O’Connor says. “So they’ve once again, in my opinion, enabled him to just keep doing what he’s been doing.” As of September 1, 2021, Lolotai’s employment with BPD came to an official end. His @ tacticaltoa Instagram account, as well as any other personal profiles the officer might have had online, have all since disappeared. But Lolotai has made news at both departments he’s worked at so far—unless he changes careers or drastically changes his ways, chances are he’ll show up again.

pulled off the streets, and [was] put on administrative leave, he’s not even in the police department,” she said. However, according to O’Connor, legal briefs he received showed that Lolotai was actually placed on administrative leave because he’d been doxxed and BPD wanted to protect him from harassment, as his home address had been revealed to the public. “They lied,” O’Connor says. “Now, which one is the truth? Who cares? To me, the fact that they would change their basis for putting him on administrative leave, depending on the context in which they were stating the reason, is very problematic.” It’s worth noting that “administrative leave” in Lolotai’s case meant 12 months of paid leave, paid for by the people of Boulder, at the end of which, on August 31, 2021 Lolotai’s resignation agreement went into effect and he moved on. Chief Herold told the Daily CameraLolotai’s infractions were considered “minor,” and asserted that he wouldn’t have been fired if he hadn’t resigned himself. BW reached out to BPD for clarity on this statement, and received the following emailed response from Dionne Waugh, the Public Information Officer for BPD: l

JANUARY 20, 2022

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ADAM PERRY

King Felix

A lifetime love of baseball, from Pittsburgh to Puerto Rico

by Adam Perry THE LEGENDARY HIRAM BITHORN baseball stadium in Puerto Rico: hosting baseball games since 1962.

had dreamed for years—decades—of seeing a baseball game in the Caribbean. In April of 2017, I spent three unforgettable days in Havana, Cuba, and have been kicking myself ever since for not splurging on a taxi ride to an Industriales game. In January of 2020, just before COVID-19 made virtually all travel impossible for a while, I skipped an opportunity to see a Caribbean World Series game during a trip to San Juan because my partner and I fell in love with the city and its beaches and didn’t want to spend any of our red-eye weekend in Puerto Rico seated in an old, decrepit baseball stadium. But I absolutely adore old, decrepit baseball stadiums. A few months after my daughter was born, we were living in Portland, Maine, and I took a bus to Boston just to get a standing-room ticket to a Red Sox game and wander around Fenway Park’s historic nooks and crannies as the Sox and the Toronto Blue Jays battled. I also have a soft spot for the ugly hunk of concrete known as Oakland Coliseum, where for most of my 20s I arrived weekly via Bay Area Rapid Transit from my home in San Francisco for “Dollar Wednesdays”—tickets, hot dogs and sodas all just $1 each. The Coliseum, built in 1966, is the last of the truly awful cookie-cutter baseball/football venues. It’s terribly designed for baseball and situated in an industrial noman’s land with no restaurants

or bars nearby. Imagine if the Broncos had left Denver for Las Vegas in the mid-1990’s and the Rockies had kept playing at the football-oriented original Mile High Stadium—that’s Oakland Coliseum. It attracts only hardcore Oakland Athletics fans interested solely in baseball, whereas Denver’s Coors Field, Pittsburgh’s PNC Park, San Francisco’s Oracle Park and other newfangled, idyllic, retro-minded stadiums attract not just baseball lovers but people who want a fun night out somewhere entertaining—indeed, a “park.” Hiram Bithorn Stadium, south of historic Old San Juan, is the Oakland Coliseum of Puerto Rico. Built in 1962 and named for Hiram Gabriel Bithorn Sosa, a pitcher who was the first Puerto Rican to play in Major League Baseball—five years before Jackie Robinson debuted with the Brooklyn Dodgers as the first African-American MLB player—Hiram Bithorn is a beautiful old mess, with a strange, fanned roof and angled light towers that look like they’re about to tip over. It’s also got as much baseball history as any stadium still in existence, with the exceptions of Fenway (built in 1912) and Chicago’s Wrigley Field (built in 1914). Born in a small seaside town called Carolina that bleeds into San Juan, Hall of Famer Roberto

BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

Clemente—drafted by the Brooklyn Dodgers and then scooped up by Pittsburgh after general manager Branch Rickey, who gave Jackie Robinson his legendary shot with Brooklyn, became the Pirates’ GM—played and coached for the Cangrejeros de Santurce at Hiram Bithorn in the MLB offseason until his tragic death in a New Year’s Eve plane crash in 1972. Clemente and Willie Mays once teamed up on the Cangrejeros to win both the Puerto Rican League title and the Caribbean World Series. Growing up in Pittsburgh, I was picked on regularly as a kid for having dark Italian and Slovakian skin, often told to “go back to Puerto Rico.” Honestly, knowing Clemente had been Puerto Rican, I hated being bullied but thought the idea of someday going to Puerto Rico was pretty cool. All of the Puerto Rican League (now called Liga de Roberto Clemente) teams play at Hiram Bithorn at some point in each winter-ball season, but it’s really the Cangrejeros’ home. Named for local workers JANUARY 20, 2022

(i.e., Crabbers) like the Steelers and Packers are, the Cangrejeros have won 16 league titles. The list of MLB Hall of Famers who have played for the Cangrejeros on their way to The Show, or in MLB’s offseason, is seemingly endless, ranging from Satchel Paige and Orlando Cepeda to Reggie Jackson, Jim Palmer, Frank Robinson, and Roberto Alomar. Actually, Alomar and his brother—Sandy Jr.—both called Hiram Bithorn home while playing for the Cangrejeros. Born in nearby Ponce, Puerto Rico, Roberto Alomar spent 17 seasons in MLB and won two World Series playing second base for Toronto. These days, Alomar owns and operates the youth-oriented RA12, a Liga de Roberto Clemente team that bears his name and number. When my partner, Mikayla, and I arrived at Hiram Bithorn on the last Wednesday of 2021 we checked out the Roberto Clemente statue and other memorials outside see FELIX Page 10 l

FELIX from Page 9

and then showed our tickets to see the Cangrejeros play the Mayaguez Indians to a team employee working one of the gates. He explained that, because COVID-19 had forced the rescheduling of some games earlier in the season, Roberto Alomar’s squad would be playing (against the Caguas Criollos) instead. Having so much reverence for Cangrejeros history, I was disappointed to hear that RA12 would be the home team that night, but I was still very happy to see a Liga de Roberto Clemente game at Hiram Bithorn—2,700 miles from my home in Boulder in a city as remarkably gorgeous and welcoming as San Juan. Mikayla was just happy there would be beer and popcorn, and that this time we had a whole week in Puerto Rico, not just a weekend. (She hates sports but, for some reason, she loves me.) As we were about to enter the stadium, Mikayla pushed up the sleeve of my shirt and pointed out the hometown Pittsburgh Pirates “P” on my left arm, telling the ticket taker how much I love baseball, and how much I love Clemente. The first major

Latin American baseball star was not only a hero on the field (Clemente won two World Series, 12 Gold Gloves and an MVP award) but also gave his life when he insisted on personally delivering an overloaded airplane supplies to Nicaraguans affected by a December 1972 earthquake after the first two plane loads he sent were intercepted by a corrupt government on their arrival. “I’ve got something to show you,” the stadium assistant told us after he saw my Pirates tattoo. He pulled up a picture of himself at the age of 11 with Roberto Clemente at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh on September 30, 1972–the day Clemente collected his 3,000th hit with a double in what turned out to be the last regular-season at-bat of his career. In our—well, my—rush to get into the game, I told the guy how amazing his photo was but didn’t have a chance to ask him how he ended up seeing Clemente’s historic 3,000th hit in person. Our tickets (only $8 each) were general admission, so we sat down right behind home plate, surrounded by MLB scouts. With a capacity of 18,000 there were only

JANUARY 20, 2022

a few hundred people at the RA12 game, as the Cangrejeros are the major ticket at Hiram Bitham, along with Caribbean World Series games and the odd regular-season Major League Baseball game (Rhianna, Billy Joel and many others have also performed there). I had asked the man at the gate what players we’d be seeing, as Puerto Rican winter-ball games notoriously feature players signed by MLB teams who need extra offseason work on their way to the big leagues; MLB players who’ve had bad years and need to show off for scouts to get picked up by someone again; MLB stars just mingling back home for the winter; and grizzled Puerto Rican veterans just hanging on to a final shot at lacing up cleats somewhere, somehow. As I stood in line for refreshments, the guy from the gate walked up to me with the night’s roster sheets for both teams, saying, “You can’t have these but you can take pictures—and maybe you can get a picture with Roberto Alomar.” The sheets were very detailed, including each player’s personal information (birthdate, height, weight, etc.) and what MLB

team—if any—owned their rights and to which level of pro baseball they were currently assigned. I thanked him profusely and enjoyed looking at my photos of the two teams’ roster sheets for the game, noting that none other than Francisco Lindor (Puerto Rico native and All-Star with Cleveland, and now the Mets) was on the Criollos roster as a reserve. I also marveled at Roberto Alomar’s older brother—Sandy Jr., also a former MLB star—being listed as the coach. Murals in the hallways leading to the sections behind home plate read “Boricua Power!” (bringing to mind the hilarious Ween song) with images of the retired Cangrejeros jerseys of legends such as Clemente and Orlando Cepeda. I was pumped. The starting pitcher for RA12 was Ruben Ramirez, a 23-year-old Kansas City Royals farmhand who went to Point Park College in Pittsburgh after growing up in Puerto Rico. He’s hoping to make it to Major League Baseball. Ramirez’s parents were sitting right next to us, and the big right-hander’s father went to the dugout to massage his shoulders after

BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

ADAM PERRY

a pretty brutal outing in which the Criollos knocked him around and his RA12 teammates played poor defense. Midway through the second inning, the ticket-taker we’d met at the gate emerged again, having looked through the sparse crowd to find me. “You can have these,” he said, and handed me the roster sheets for both teams. I smiled and thanked him, astonished. This was the sort of kindness I had only ever experienced in Cuba, where bartenders quickly and deeply befriend you to the point that they call their families and tell them to come down to their workplace and meet you. The Criollos won the game 13-0, demoralizing RA12, but before the game ended Mikayla and I agreed on leaving early, because there was no cell service and our best bet to get back to our Airbnb in Old San Juan (seven miles north, around the Bay of San Juan) was to find a restaurant nearby with WiFi to snag an Uber or a phone to call a cab. It was well after 9 p.m. and there was almost nothing open within a mile of the stadium, so we were in for an adventure. Mikayla was a trooper just for sitting through that much of a baseball game with me on a Caribbean vacation. Noticing us heading out, our buddy at the gate asked why we were leaving early. We explained that the game and the stadium were great, and that we’d enjoyed meeting him, but we had to leave to figure out a cab or Uber before the adjacent restaurants closed. Suddenly, he told us he’d leave early, too, and offered us a ride to our spot on the north coast, a block above the infamous barrio of La Perla, featured in the music video for “Despacito.” He would not take “no” for an answer. We reveled in witnessing a conversation between the guy—who finally told us his name was Felix—and his brother, also an employee at the stadium. Felix’s brother argued with him for a moment and then, as only siblings can do, rolled his eyes, threw his hands up and helped prepare a big, black SUV in the Hiram Bithorn parking lot for Felix’s generous ride. Felix (a baseball lover and a manager of musicians) chatted us up on the way to our spot, about Can-

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grejeros history, about Puerto Rican baseball history, and—most importantly—about Clemente. “He died helping people,” Felix beamed. Felix ended up in Pittsburgh for Clemente’s final regular-season at-bat in Major League Baseball because Puerto Rico’s Little League had sent a group of its best players north on a field trip to see “The Great One”— Puerto Rico’s most famous athlete, maybe its most famous person—compete in the United States. Discussing some of our favorite Caribbean baseball players, Felix and I bounced names off each other in the SUV until he mentioned Venezuelan pitcher Felix Hernandez, the Seattle Mariners star who retired last year. “King Felix,” I said, and Mikayla chimed in that “King Felix” would be our nickname for our new friend. Felix was surprised to learn that his 1972 visit to Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, where I lived until the age of 21, had taken place when Three Rivers, where I saw many games as a kid, was just a few years old. Clemente’s first decade-plus with the Pirates had found the Puerto Rican star playing his home games at tiny Forbes Field (on the campus of my alma mater, the University of Pittsburgh). Forbes was where young Clemente and his feisty Pirates beat the mighty big-city New York Yankees to capture the 1960 World Series. Felix seemed even more surprised to learn that the stadium where he was photographed with Clemente just two months before the Hall of Fame rightfielder’s tragic death was long gone, replaced by riverside PNC Park in 2001. “Wow,” he said. Someday Hiram Bithorn will be demolished, too, but not my memories of an unforgettable trip.

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OPENING WEEKEND: GERSHWIN CELEBRATION SATURDAY, JANUARY 22, 7:30 PM Macky Auditorium

SUNDAY, JANUARY 23, 1:30 PM Lone Tree Arts Center Michael Butterman, conductor Marcus Roberts Trio Marcus Roberts, piano; Rodney Jordan, bass; Jason Marsalis, drums GERSHWIN GERSHWIN

An American in Paris Piano Concerto in F

Tickets start at $18; Students $10 Save 10-15% with a 5- or 6- concert series package!

For current COVID safety policies, please visit BoulderPhil.org/safety.

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BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

MEREDITH TRUAX

Dreamland recovered

ON THE BILL:

Glass Animals. 8 p.m. Monday, March 14, Mission Ballroom, 4242 Wynkoop Street, Denver. Tickets: $69.50-90, axs.com

Glass Animals’ new album emerged from Joe Seaward’s ‘miraculous’ recovery after head injury

by Alan Sculley

ONGWRITERS OFTEN refer to their songs as their “babies.” In the case of Glass Animals singer Dave Bayley, he can say his group’s latest album, Dreamland, was literally born at a hospital. The year was 2018, and Bayley was at the hospital because Glass Animals drummer Joe Seaward had been critically injured when, while riding a bike, he was struck by a truck. The crash left him with a broken leg, and even worse, a complex skull fracture that caused some bruising on his brain. The band’s songwriter, Bayley, wanted to be at his drummer’s side as he went through a pair of lengthy surgeries and then recovery. This created lots of idle hours. “Hospitals are funny places. There’s kind of a weird personal lockdown,” Bayley says in a recent phone interview. “You’re not going out, just sitting there waiting for news day after day after day after day after day. You’re kind of weak, you’re tired, there’s adrenaline going, the future is really uncertain and your brain, when you’re not out creating the new memories, your brain is going back into the old ones and reliving them. “I hadn’t really thought about them in a very long time,” he says. “I just started writing all of those things down and that’s what turned into the record.” Bayley and his bandmates (Ed Irwin-Singer and Drew MacFarlane) didn’t know at ﬁrst if Seaward would recover from his head injuries—for a time he couldn’t walk, talk, read or write—much less if he would regain the physical dexterity to again play drums. The future of Glass Animals—whose ﬁrst album, 2014’s Zaba, topped 100,000 copies sold, while 2016’s How to be a Human Being cracked the top 20 on the Billboard album chart, BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

and 2020’s Dreamland reached No. 7 on that chart—was very much in question. But Seaward worked diligently to recover from his surgeries, and, in time, began to regain his physical capabilities. Shortly before the pandemic hit, he was able to play a few Glass Animals shows. “I think miraculous is the only word for it, really,” Bayley says of Seaward’s recovery. “But if anyone was going to do this, it was him. He’s the most stubborn, determined person I know, and that drive, I think, is ultimately what got him to where he is now.” And now, some three years later, Glass Animals have the songs from Dreamland to play, thanks to Bayley’s downtime in the hospital, and more significantly, a shift in his thinking about the kinds of songs he is able to write. Dreamland represents the first full set of autobiographical songs Bayley has written for the band. A couple of experiences helped Bayley embrace the notion that he could write about himself and be honest and even vulnerable about what he revealed. One was the opportunity to write songs for other musicians. “When you write new songs for other people you can write really personal things because, again, there’s that one step of removal. You’re not singing it,” Bayley explains. The other factor was the song “Agnes” from How to Be a Human Being, in which Bayley shared his feelings about a friend who fell into addiction, which received a strong response from fans. “That reaction was another thing that gave me a bit more confidence to write something personal,” Bayley says. l

JANUARY 20, 2022

Bayley’s new approach to songwriting resulted in an album in which each song was inspired by certain memories from his life. “Tangerine” looks back at a friend who has become unrecognizable over the years. “It’s All So Incredibly Loud” takes stock of the fact that growing up means experiencing good and bad times, and while no childhood is perfect, the experiences are part of what makes you who you are. The most startling song is “Domestic Bliss,” in which Bayley shares the confusion and fear he felt as a very young boy toward the abusive father of a childhood friend. Musically, Dreamland is every bit as ambitious as the first two Glass Animals albums, as Bayley blends genres and weaves together myriad synthetic tones to create a kaleidoscope of sounds, from warm, sweet, and perky songs (“Tangerine,” “Heat Waves” and the title track) to futuristic, spaced-out, hip-hop flavored cuts such as “Your Love (Déjà Vu),” “Space Ghost Coast to Coast,” and “Tokyo Drifting.” Now with a winter U.S. tour starting, Glass Animals have seen the song “Heat Wave” complete the longest-ever climb into the top five on Billboard’s Hot 100 singles chart, reaching No. 3 on its 51st week, while also being named Billboard’s top rock act of 2021. Bayley said the band will not try to recreate all of the sounds and textures of the songs on stage, whether they’re new or old, which should make for some musical surprises for fans. “There are only so many sounds four people can play on stage. We’ve always kind of kept that as a requirement,” Bayley says. “We have to be able to make all the noise ourselves. I guess it’s just choosing your favorite bits. You kind of learn that as the tour goes on.” l

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MARCUS ROBERTS TRIO, COURTESY BOULDER PHILHARMONIC

A Gershwin celebration

Concert will feature pianist Marcus Roberts

by Peter Alexander

he Boulder Philharmonic Orchestra returns to Macky Auditorium on Saturday, January 22 (7:30 p.m.) for the first time in two years, with an all-Gershwin program. Two works are featured: An American in Paris and the Piano Concerto in F, performed with the Marcus Roberts Trio: Roberts, piano, Rodney Jordan, bass, and Jason Marsalis, drums. The same program will be presented Sunday, January 23 at the Lone Tree Arts Center (1:30 p.m.). Tickets to both concerts, and for a live stream Saturday, are available through the Boulder Phil web page. While an all-Gershwin program is a little unusual for a symphony orchestra, “this is a nice way to get back to Macky,” conductor Michael Butterman says. “A Gershwin celebration just feels festive.” The Concerto harks back to a concert early in Butterman’s tenure with the orchestra, when Roberts and his trio played the Concerto in F. “I think it was my very first season,” Butterman says. “I remember that as one of the highlights of my time in Boulder, because it’s exciting to see the musicians of the orchestra so engaged.” In fact, performing Gershwin—both the Concerto and Rhapsody in Blue—with his trio and full orchestra has become something of a specialty for Roberts, who has been blind since the age of 5 as a result of glaucoma and cataracts. He first performed Rhapsody in 1996, and then was encouraged by conductor Seiji Ozawa to take up the concerto. Roberts and his trio performed Rhapsody in Blue at the Colorado Music Festival with conductor Michael Christie in 2011. When Roberts performs the Concerto, the orchestra plays almost entirely what Gershwin wrote. Sometimes Roberts is playing the solo piano part, either as Gershwin wrote it or with his own spin on the part. But other times, the orchestra drops out entirely to leave space for the trio to take over, much like solos in a jazz concert. Like the jazz artist he is, Roberts never plays the solo sections the same twice. Butterman, who has performed the Concerto with the Roberts Trio three times before, says, “every time we played it with them, including in rehearsal, it’s a different piece. I’m just there like anybody else, enjoying the ride

BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

ON THE BILL: Boulder Philharmonic Orchestra presents Gershwin Celebration with Marcus Roberts Trio. 7:30 p.m. Saturday, Jan. 22, Macky Auditorium, 1595 Pleasant Street, Boulder 1:30 p.m. Sunday, Jan. 23, Lone Tree Arts Center, 10075 Commons Street, Lone Tree. Masks and proof of vaccination are required. Live steam 7:30 p.m. Saturday, Jan. 22. All ticket holders will automatically receive a link to access the livestream. Tickets: bcop-internet.choicecrm.net/templates/BCOP/#/events Boulder Phil main page: boulderphil.org

where you don’t know what’s around the next turn.” It helps that Roberts studied classical piano with Leonidas Lipovetsky at Florida State University. “There are things that I take from classical pieces that I studied,” Roberts says. “When I improvise [with orchestra], it’s not like I change into a completely different approach as a pianist. It’s just that the influences that I draw upon become different. You still play your personality.” Ozawa encouraged Roberts to take up other concertos, but so far he has stuck with Gershwin. “Ozawa always wanted me to do one of the Ravel concertos,” he says. “But the more I look over Ravel’s music, I think, what would you do to improve it? “One of the reasons that Gershwin’s music is so popular in the jazz community is because his music has a real sensibility built into it. If you know what to do, it allows some really creative things that can happen, because his themes are very easy to catch.” Roberts recalls that when he first performed Rhapsody in Blue with the orchestra, “I caught a lot of flack for daring to change the piano part.” But he notes that Gershwin himself improvised when he performed his pieces. “And like I told the critics,” he adds, “there are 300 other versions you can listen to. You don’t have to listen to mine!” l

JANUARY 20, 2022

Roberts acknowledges the daunting challenges he faced performing with symphony orchestras. “Classical conductors are thinking, ‘Okay, people are looking at my baton, here’s a bind guy playing jazz. How’s this going to work?’ [Ozawa] helped a lot with that. I developed cues that were very clear so he would know, when I play this, we’re two measures before rehearsal No. 6—or something.” Roberts is grateful to the conductors who were willing to take up the challenge. “Michael Butterman is one of the early conductors who believed in what I was trying to do in terms of bringing jazz and classical together,” he says. “He understands the importance of doing that, so he’s willing to program these things.” He goes on to explain that an important goal is to bring the best qualities of classical and jazz together. “We want to make sure that [audiences] understand the grandeur and beauty and structural logic that classical music has, and the freedom of improvisation and spontaneity of jazz. “Ravel loved jazz, and I think he said, if you can get 5 percent of that into his music, he would do it. That’s how I feel about classical music: If I can get 5 to 10 percent of it and exploit that, then I feel like I’m making a contribution.” l

E VENTS

EVENTS

If your organization is planning an event of any kind, please email the managing editor at crockett@boulderweekly.com

■ Craft & Draft Weekly Young Writers Workshop

4:30-6 p.m. Thursdays from January 20-February 17, The Wandering Jellyfish Bookshop, 198 Second Avenue, Suite 1A, Niwot. Price: $180 for all six sessions, twjbookshop.com Do you enjoy writing fiction and want to make progress in your story, finishing it and deepening it? Or maybe you have an idea that has never quite gotten out of your head and onto the page. Wherever you are in your drafting process—from the very beginning to almost done—this group will help you keep up your writing momentum, as well as strengthen your story. Sessions will include a craft or process focus, as well as writing time. Craft topics will vary based on group members’ needs. Youth writers will learn to approach their craft, process, and interactions with each other like professional writers. This workshop is for writers ages 12-14. Workshop dates are January 13, 20, 27, February 3, 10, and 17. Registration is required. Workshop leader Sonja K. Solter graduated from Stanford University and earned an MFA in Writing for Children and Young Adults from Hamline University, with a critical thesis on writing trauma in middle grade and young adult realistic fiction.

■ Boulder Book Store Author Talk: Lindsey Vonn— ‘Rise’

3 p.m. Saturday, January 22, Unity of Boulder Church, 2855 Folsom Street, Boulder. Tickets: $28.99, bit.ly/3qNoqRb Lindsey Vonn has 82 World Cup wins, 20 World Cup titles, three Olympic medals, and seven World Championship Medals. A ﬁxture in the American sports landscape for almost 20 years, Vonn is a legend. With a career that spanned a transformation in how America recognizes and celebrates female athletes, Vonn— who retired in 2019 as the most decorated American skier of all time—was in the vanguard of that change, helping blaze a trail for other world-class female athletes and reimagining what it meant to pursue speed at all costs. In Rise, Vonn shares her incredible journey for the ﬁrst time, going behind the scenes of a badass life built around resilience and risk-taking.

JANUARY 20, 2022

■ The Upstart Crow Theatre Company presents ‘Love’s Labor’s Won’

January 20-30, Dairy Arts Center, 2590 Walnut Street, Boulder. Tickets: $21-$25, theupstartcrow.org If Shakespeare ever wrote a sequel to Love’s Labour’s Lost, it hasn’t survived the ravages of time. But The Upstart Crow is happy to announce the next best thing: the world premiere of Katherine Dubois’s comedy Love’s Labor’s Won, which takes up the action a year after the end of Shakespeare’s play. There’s no attempt to copy Shakespeare’s style (except for the bad puns), but most of the characters are back, and the course of true love isn’t any smoother than it was before.

■ Dairy Comedy presents Nancy Norton

7 and 9 p.m. Friday, January 21, Dairy Arts Center, 2590 Walnut Street, Boulder. Tickets: $20, thedairy.org Nancy Norton is known for delivering engaging, high-energy, fast-paced performances that connect with universal truths through a vulnerable, in-the-moment and intuitive style. As a former nurse, Norton will be paying tribute to healthcare workers with some hilarious hospital anecdotes. You may have seen Norton headlining at comedy clubs, cruises, speaking at a conference or on various TV showcases over the years, such as Evening at the Improv on A&E, in her one-woman currently Amazon Prime show, or on Nickmom Night Out on Nickelodeon.

■ Meet the Artists Reception: ‘The Human Figure’

6 p.m. Friday, January 21, R Gallery + Art Bar, 2027 Broadway, Boulder, rgallery.art Artistic interpretations of the human figure are expressed in every medium and can include a singular theme or blend of art, science, observation, and self-reflection. This exhibit is a tasteful representation of the human figure, and a broader representation of the form.

For more event listings, go online at boulderweekly.com/events

BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

EVENTS

CONCERTS

FATBOY SLIM

★ January 20

Nate LeBlanc with Visus, Don Jamal + Byrnes. 7 p.m. Larimer Lounge, 2721 Larimer Street, Denver. Tickets: $12. The Unlikely Candidates with AMZY. 8 p.m. Fox Theatre, 1135 13th Street, Boulder. Tickets: $18-$20. TENTH MOUNTAIN DIVISION

Fatboy Slim. 8:30 p.m. Ogden Theatre, 935 E. Colfax, Denver. TIckets: $49.50-$79.50.

★ January 21

Jacob Jolliff. 7 p.m. The Dairy Arts Center, 2590 Walnut Street, Boulder. Tickets: 25. Forever Man: Celebrating the Music of Eric Clapton. 7 p.m. Dickens Opera House, 300 Main Street, Longmont. Tickets:: $16-$18. Kitchen Dwellers. 8 p.m. Ogden Theatre, 935 E. Colfax, Denver. TIckets: $32.50-$35. Colter Wall. 8 p.m. Mission Ballroom, 4242 Wynkoop Street, Denver. Tickets: $30-$75. Goth Babe. 8 p.m. Boulder Theater, 2032 14th Street, Boulder. Tickets: $20-25.

COLTER WALL

SubDocta with JAENGA, ZINGARA. 9 p.m. Bluebird Theater, 3317 E.Colfax Avenue, Denver. Tickets: $15-23.

★ January 22

Dirtwire with Gone Gone Beyond and Blossomn. 7:30 p.m. Boulder Theater, 2032 14th Street, Boulder. Tickets: $22-25. TEN: A Tribute to Pearl Jam. 8 p.m. Dickens Opera House, 300 Main Street, Longmont. Tickets:: $16-$18. Tenth Mountain Division + Flash Mountain Flood. 8 p.m. Fox Theatre, 1135 13th Street, Boulder. Tickets: $10. Charley Crockett. 9 p.m. Mission Ballroom, 4242 Wynkoop Street, Denver. Tickets: $39.95-$125. Goth Babe. 9 p.m. Ogden Theatre, 935 E. Colfax, Denver. TIckets: $25-$69.

★ January 23

School of Rock Broomﬁeld. 8 p.m. Fox Theatre, 1135 13th Street, Boulder. Tickets: $14-$20.

★ January 25

Yot Club + Reptaliens. 7 p.m. Larimer Lounge, 2721 Larimer Street, Denver. Tickets: $9.99-$18.

For more event listings, go online at boulderweekly.com/events

BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

JANUARY 20, 2022

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U-Boulder’s International Film Series kicks off in Muenzinger Auditorium on January 26 with its usual line-up of independent, art-house, and classic cinema programming. What’s unusual this time around is the who behind the programming: CU Cinema Studies & Moving Image Arts faculty and MA students, IFS staff, even Boulder community members get in on the fun and program a few titles. And it all kicks off on January 26 with a free screening of Jodorowsky’s Dune. “I knew IFS would be programming the 2021 Dune (Feb. 11-14), and I felt Jodorowsky’s Dune is an important film for us to understand the trajectory of the book to the screen,” Emilie Upczak, Cinema Studies professor, writes in an email. “And to see how adaptation can take years, even decades, and can be a collaborative process, one where writers and directors may never overlap but are still influenced by one another.” And though Jodorowsky’s Dune never made it to the screen, the work done on the project had a significant impact on “science fiction films in the ’70s and ’80s.” “I am not sure Jodorowsky’s Dune was the greatest film never made, but he certainly spent a lot of time and energy to develop the project and should be recognized for his efforts,” Upczak writes. “I picked Chameleon Street (Feb. 23) because I have never seen a film that more perfectly shows what it’s like to be Black in America,” Skinner Myers, Cinema Studies professor, writes in an email. “[Wendell B. Harris Jr.] examines institutions from a cynical place and shows how dumb a lot of these institutional leaders are. This quote from the film sums it up perfectly: ‘I’m a victim brotha, a victim of 400 years of conditioning, the man has programmed my conditioning, even my conditioning has been conditioned!’” “Film, the Living Record of Our Memory (Feb. 6) is the title I’m most looking forward to,” IFS projectionist Anastasia Mathews writes. “The conversation it provides around moving image preservation is incredibly salient,” adding that the doc “emphasizes the extensive work and ethical implications that surround preserving the cultural heritage contained in moving images.” Cinema Studies professor Sabrina Negri adds that the screening of Film, the Living Record of Our Memory will highlight Cinema Studies and the libraries’ recent grant “that will allow us to teach a series of classes on media preservation.” Admission to Feb. 6’s screening of Film, the Living Record of Our Memory is free. Negri also programmed Spencer (Feb. 20), Christine, “one of the most neglected [John] Carpenter films,” (Feb. 21), and Chess of the Wind (Feb. 24)—a 1976 Iranian “horror film that was banned upon its release and only recently rediscovered.” ‘SPIRIT QUEST’ Mathews also selected Merrily We Go to Hell (Feb. 18) and Dance, Girl, Dance (Feb. 19), “created during the golden years of the Hollywood studio system, with the notable distinction that the director behind both, Dorothy Arzner, was one of the few women to direct during this time. In both of these films, I find intriguing notes of modernity that aren’t typical of other films from that era, and which display complexities that are still worthy of discourse today.” And Myers rounded things out with his pick of The Seduction of Mimi (March 17), “A film with strong leftist politics that left me in stitches. Also, Giancarlo Giannini is a joy to watch. Might just be the best performance of his career.”

Movies galore

IFS returns, two friends in the desert, and time travel in a Japanese café

Quality low-budgets to rent

Available on all major rental platforms, Spirit Quest is the directorial debut of Brent Lydic, who grew up in Colorado Springs and graduated from Colorado State University. Co-written and starring Lydic and Tip Scarry, Spirit Quest is both a send-up of drug-laden spiritual journey narratives and a heartfelt exploration of two friends trying to go through something significant and come out the other side whole. The script moves fluidly from stoner comedy to a buddy picture, with plenty of comedic diversions (one to the 16th century with two bickering Franciscan friars, the other to the 1970s with two Vietnam vets falling for the same woman). Though you’d be hard pressed to explain exactly how the vignettes piece together other than drugs plus desert, work they do, and Lydic and Scarry are entertaining enough to carry you through. Spirit Quest is a lot of fun, but it’s the nighttime bike ride through the streets of Los Angeles that’ll stay with you. •••• Somewhere in Japan, business is winding down for the night, and café owner Kato (Kazunari Tosa) goes upstairs to his apartment to relax. But on his computer monitor he is still in the café, two minutes in the future. Convinced it’s a trick, Kato goes back down to the café and finds the second monitor, the one that can see into his apartment two minutes into the past. Then when Kato’s past self shows up in the monitor, Kato’s future self reenacts the conversation from the other side verbatim. Why? That’s one of the central questions driving Beyond the Infinite Two Minutes, director Junta Yamaguchi’s clever exploration of the Droste effect, shot primarily on iPhones and cleverly pieced together to look like a single take. The movie benefits greatly from its electric concept and high-energy cast, not to mention an almost casual and completely believable approach to fatalistic philosophy. Available starting Jan. 25.

by Michael J. Casey

ON THE BILL: International Film Series. January 26-March 27, Muenzinger Auditorium, 1905 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, internationalﬁlmseries.com

BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

JANUARY 20, 2022

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ARIES

MARCH 21-APRIL 19: Author Helen Hunt Jackson said that

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one component of happiness is “a little less time than you want.” Why? Because you always “have so many things you want to see, to have, and to do” and “no day is quite long enough for all you would like to get done before you go to bed.” I propose you experiment with this definition in the coming weeks. According to my astrological analysis, you will have even more interesting assignments and challenges than usual—as well as a brimming vitality that will make it possible for you to accomplish many but not all of them. Your happiness should be abundant!

TAURUS

APRIL 20-MAY 20: Born under the sign of Taurus, Ethel Smyth (1858–1944) had considerable skills as a composer of music, an athlete, an author, a passionate lover, and an activist working for women’s rights. She was successful in all of them. I propose we make her one of your role models for the coming months. Why? First, because she did more than one thing really well, and you are now primed to enhance your versatility, flexibility, and adaptability. Second, because she described a formula for high achievement that would suit you well. She said, “Night after night I went to sleep murmuring, ‘Tomorrow I will be easy, strong, quick, supple, accurate, dashing and self-controlled all at once!’” (PS: I suggest you make “supple” your word of power in 2022.) MAY 21-JUNE 20: According to author Olivia Dresher,

“Feelings want to be free. Thoughts want to be right.” Well, then, what about intuitions? In a sense, they’re hybrids of feelings and thoughts. They’re a way of knowing that transcends both feelings and thoughts. When intuitions come from the clear-seeing part of your deep psyche rather than the fear-prone part of your conditioning, they are sweet and fun and accurate and humble and brisk and pure. They don’t “want” to be anything. I’m pleased to inform you, Gemini, that in the coming weeks, your intuitions will be working at peak efficiency. It should be relatively easy for you to distinguish between the clear-seeing and fear-prone modes of intuition.

CANCER

JUNE 21-JULY 22: “If you are going to do something wrong, at least enjoy it,” wrote humorist Leo Rosten. I offer his counsel to you right now because I want you to have fun if you wander away from your usual upstanding behavior. But may I make a suggestion? As you depart from normal, boring niceness, please remain honorable and righteous. What I’m envisioning for you are experiments that are disruptive in healthy ways, and dares that stir up interesting problems, and rebellious explorations that inspire beauty and truth. They’ll be “wrong” only in the sense of being mutinies against static, even stagnant, situations that should indeed be prodded and pricked. Remember Bob Dylan’s idea: “To live outside the law, you must be honest.”

LEO

JULY 23-AUG. 22: Leo actor Anna Kendrick bragged, “I’m

so humble it’s crazy. I’m like the Kanye West of humility.” I’d like to see you adopt that extravagant approach to expressing your magnificence in the coming weeks. I hope you’ll add another perspective to your repertoire, too—this one from Leo actor Mae West. She exulted, “Too much of a good thing can be wonderful!” Here’s one further attitude I encourage you to incorporate, courtesy of Leo author Rachel Pollack: “To learn to play seriously is one of the great secrets of spiritual exploration.”

VIRGO

AUG. 23-SEPT. 22: Sammy Davis Jr. (1925–1990) was multi-talented: an actor, singer, comedian, and dancer. One critic described him as “the greatest entertainer ever to grace a stage.” He didn’t think highly of his own physical appearance, however. “I know I’m dreadfully ugly,” Davis said, “one of the ugliest men you could meet. But ugliness, like beauty, is something you must learn how to use.” That’s an interesting lesson to meditate on. I think it’s true that

JANUARY 20, 2022

LIBRA

SEPT. 23-OCT. 22: “It is the nature of love to work in a

thousand different ways,” wrote the mystic Saint Teresa of Avila. According to my analysis of the astrological omens, you’re due to discover new and different ways to wield your love magic—in addition to the many you already know and use. For best results, you’ll have to be willing to depart from old reliable methods for expressing care and tenderness and nurturing. You must be willing to experiment with fresh approaches that may require you to stretch yourself. Sounds like fun to me!

SCORPIO

OCT. 23-NOV. 21: “If you are drilling for water, it’s better to

drill one 60-foot well than 10 six-foot wells,” advised author and religious scholar Huston Smith. He was using well-drilling as a metaphor, of course—as a symbol for solving a problem, for example, or developing a spiritual practice, or formulating an approach to psychological healing. The metaphor might not be perfectly applicable for everyone in every situation. But I believe it is vividly apropos for you and your current situations.

SAGITTARIUS

GEMINI

each of us has rough, awkward, irregular aspects—if not in our physical appearance, then in our psyches. And yet, as Davis suggested, we can learn to not just tolerate those qualities, but use them to our advantage. Now is a favorable time for you to do that.

NOV. 22-DEC. 21: A well-worn proverb tells us, “All good things come to those who wait.” There’s a variation, whose author is unknown (although it’s often misattributed to Abraham Lincoln): “Things may come to those who wait, but only the things left behind by those who hustle.” I think that’s far more useful advice for you in the coming weeks. I’d much rather see you hustle than wait. Here’s a third variant, which may be the best counsel of all. It’s by author Holly Woodward: “All good things come to those who bait.”

CAPRICORN

DEC. 22-JAN. 19: Author Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote, “To be really great in little things, to be truly noble and heroic in the insipid details of everyday life, is a virtue so rare as to be worthy of canonization.” I agree, which is why I authorize you to add “Saint” to the front of your name in the coming weeks. There’s an excellent chance you will fit the description Stowe articulated. You’ll be at the peak of your power to elevate the daily rhythm into a stream of subtle marvels. You’ll be quietly heroic. If you’re not fond of the designation “Saint,” you could use the Muslim equivalent term, “Wali,” the Jewish “Tzadik,” Buddhist “Arhat,” or Hindu “Swami.”

AQUARIUS

JAN. 20-FEB. 18: Since the iconoclastic planet Uranus is a chief symbol for the Aquarian tribe, you people are more likely to be dissenters and mavericks and questioners than all the other signs. That doesn’t mean your departures from orthodoxy are always successful or popular. Sometimes you meet resistance from the status quo. Having offered that caveat, I’m happy to announce that in the coming weeks, your unique offerings are more likely than usual to be effective. For inspiration, read these observations by author Kristine Kathryn Rusch: “Rebels learn the rules better than the rule-makers do. Rebels learn where the holes are, where the rules can best be breached. Become an expert at the rules. Then break them with creativity and style.”

PISCES

FEB. 19-MARCH 20: Piscean author Juansen Dizon tells us, “Don’t find yourself in places where people have it all figured out.” That’s always good advice, but it will be especially germane for you in the coming weeks and months. You need the catalytic stimulation that comes from associating with curious, open-minded folks who are committed to the high art of not being know-it-alls. The influences you surround yourself with will be key in your efforts to learn new information and master new skills. And that will be an essential assignment for you throughout 2022.

BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

BY DAN SAVAGE Dear Dan: I’m a straight guy but my whole life I have wanted to be spanked by older men. Does this make any sense? Because I’m confused. I don’t like or want penis. Yet I want to be spanked as a punishment by men. I don’t understand myself sometimes. —Sincerely Pondering And Not Knowing

relationship with an amazing 31-yearold male top for 12 years. One year ago I started to suffer some gender dysphoria. At roughly the same time he expressed a desire to be topped. I never had any desire to top someone, I’ve never even felt that male urge to thrust my hips, but I hate that I’ve let my BF down. I can do this, but only with the help of ED meds. How can I get some pleasure out of it? —Topping Burden

Dear SPANK: The truly important Dear TB: You could penetrate your question here isn’t why you want this, BF with toys, or you could take one (or SPANK, but how much more time you’re give one) for the team once in a while (by gonna waste sitting on your ass wondering taking ED meds and topping him), or your why you want this when you boyfriend could bottom for could be out there getting that ROMAN ROBINSON other men, seeing as your ass spanked? And even if relationship is already open. you came up with a neat and Or all of the above. And if it’s tidy answer, you’re still gonna the thrusting and/or being want older men to spank in control that turns you you. Because getting to the off (or tweaks your gender bottom of a kink—identifying dysphoria), take an ED med some childhood trauma that and let your boyfriend ride explains everything—isn’t a your hard dick—then instead cure. Instead of seeing the of you fucking him, he’ll spankings you want as a be fucking himself. Power riddle you need to solve you bottom, sub top! should see them as a reward for all the wondering you’ve had to do. If Dear Dan: I’m wondering how AJ, the you need a label, SPANK, just say you’re FinDom you quoted at length in your most bisexual for spankings. Not bi for blowjobs, recent column, wound up on your radar not bi for anal, not bi for JO or mutual masand getting what amounted to free adverturbation. Just bi for spankings. tising in your column. You said he lives in the Paciﬁc Northwest. Isn’t that where you Dear Dan: I like the way you walk the live, Dan? And you said his bathroom is talk because gay guys in women’s clothes always spotlessly clean. How would you get me hard and horny and when I see know that? Are you in his bathroom? a gay guy dressed in sexy clothing it just —Dan’s Ethics Are Lacking makes me want to jerk off and maybe one day I’ll meet a gay guy like you and suck Dear DEAL: I’ve never met AJ in and blow him. person, there’s more than one city in —Gooning About Gay Guys In the Pacific Northwest (and we don’t Naughty Gowns live in the same one), and I found AJ looking for gay FinDoms on Twitter Dear GAGGING: Articles of clothing who might want to answer CASHFAG’s don’t have genders, GAGGING, because question. That said, DEAL, while I’m anyone can wear anything, as Billy Porter far too cheap to be anyone’s finsub (or was sent down to earth to teach us. Also, their sugar daddy, for that matter), I do not all gowns are naughty—think night, enjoy cleaning bathrooms—but not in a hospital, dressing, etc. That said, GAGpervy way. I enjoy cleaning bathrooms GING, I don’t wear the kind of clothing the in an eat-an-edible-and-listen-to-musicishet patriarchy would have us believe is cals-and-zone-out-doing-houseworkfor women alone. Well, I don’t wear that while-the-husband-and-his-boyfriendstuff anymore. I used to drag, GAGGING, are-at- the-gym sort of way. So, while I and the pictures are out there, but I wouldn’t necessarily say no to cleaning haven’t worn so much as a skirt for years. AJ’s bathroom, I haven’t been asked, So, you can stop thinking about sucking DEAL, and consequently haven’t had my dick. the pleasure. Email questions@savagelove.net Dear Dan: I’m hoping to get an objec- Follow Dan on Twitter @FakeDanSavage. tive POV on something. I’m a 31-year-old Find columns, podcasts, books, merch male bottom. I have been in an open and more at savage.love. BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

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FATWORKS

How to get fat Longmont’s Fatworks peddles artisan lard, tallow, ghee and all things fat and healthy

by John Lehndorff

at had a huge PR problem a decade ago. You didn’t want to be fat, so you didn’t eat fat, especially animal fats. Nobody wanted to be a lard ass. Fats were reviled as an artery-clogging villai, well, except for French fries. That’s when Fatworks rode to the rescue. From its company name to its line of bottled artisan tallows, lards, duck fat, ghee and schmaltz, Fatworks embraced fat. It unabashedly pushes the unpopular belief that good fats are good for you and that fat makes foods taste good. “Back then people were really afraid of fat,” says David Cole, co-founder of Longmont-based Fatworks, Cole was working in the computer speech recognition industry when he was introduced to the Paleo diet. “I started eating that way and immediately found a lot of beneﬁts. Everybody wanted to proselytize about it. One of the tenets of Paleo and keto is: Don’t be afraid of fat! They said go ahead and eat tallow and lard, but we discovered that nobody was making them,” he says. The animal fats business is naturally dominated by the largest meatpackers. “The big lard companies like Snow Cap are just making an industrial by-product. We don’t even consider that lard,” Cole says. One day Cole and friends bought some suet—that’s high-quality beef fat—and made tallow in a Portland, Oregon, restaurant kitchen. “Paleo people heard about it online and we launched at the beginning of the Paleo movement around 2013,” he says. Fatworks produces the good stuff: organic, hormone-free, antibiotic-free, chemical-free fats from grass-fed animals. Although Fatworks essentially created the grocery category of premium fats, others, including General Mills’ Epic brand, jumped into the market selling fats for half the price. “It is not cheap to make these. Sourcing really good animal fats from farmers who are doing it right costs a lot of money. There is consumer resistance: ‘Why should I pay $16 for a bottle of lard?’” he says. Chefs understand why. Home cooks think it’s expensive, at least until they taste these fats. Fatworks offers beef tallow, lamb tallow and bison tallow made only with internal suet, not exterior trim fat, for a milder, less meaty ﬂavor.

JANUARY 20, 2022

BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

The line of lards includes pork lard—ideal for tamales, Cole says—Texas wild boar lard, and pasture-raised leaf lard, which is exceptionally good for baking (including pies). Fatworks also offers goat’s milk ghee, cultured cow’s milk ghee, goose fat, duck fat and the highly popular organic chicken fat called Chicken Schmaltz. Schmaltz is a traditional part of Jewish cooking. The company provides recipe suggestions including Schmaltz Hollandaise and Paleo Shakshuka. “It’s not a complicated thing. Whatever you use a cooking oil or shortening for, you can replace with animal fats. A lot of our fats are interchangeable depending on the ﬂavor you want,” he says. The exception would be for something like salad dressing. Imagine your eggs fried in a little Wagyu beef tallow, or sweet potatoes fried in duck fat, or pot pie crust tenderized FATWORKS with chicken schmaltz. A little bit goes a long way in cooking. There has been progress on the fat front in the past decade. “Before Fatworks, people would see canola oil as good and think lard was the crappy product. Now it’s reversed,” he says. “Now carbs are more maligned.” Initially, Fatworks attracted consumers following the Paleo and related diets. “Now we are getting people who just want good ingredients and to cut out the highly industrialized seed oils. They like this whole palate of ﬂavors,” he says. In the past decade duck fat fries and tallow fries have popped up on bistro menus, and steakhouses offer tallow candles that melt on a plate. Fats have become big in the home grilling and smoking community. “They like to inject brisket with our American Wagyu beef tallow,” Cole says. Despite supply chain issues, Fatworks plans to expand. “We’re going to start making candles, and a line of soap and skin care products. There are a lot of people who are anti-soy oil,” he says. Meanwhile, his search goes on for elk and deer tallow, and even camel tallow from Australia. Fatworks fats is available at some local Natural Grocers and Walmart stores and online: fatworks.com

Local Food News

First Bite Boulder has launched the Food is Love fundraising campaign to aid families in the Boulder Valley Schools directly impacted by the Marshall Fire. First Bite will distribute $50 bundles of gift cards from Ash’Kara, Bohemian Biergarten, Cafe Aion, Corrida, Dagabi Cucina, Fringe, OAK at Fourteenth, Zucca, and other Boulder eateries. Donations support local restaurants and allow families the dignity of dining out without asking for a free meal. Information: ﬁrstbiteboulder.com/food-is-love Boulder’s shuttered Doug’s Day Diner space at 2400 Arapahoe Avenue will be ﬁlled soon by Boulder Fresh Garden restaurant serving breakfast, lunch, and Thai fare for dinner.

Words to Chew On

“One jigger of Scotch has less calories than a glass of prune juice.” —From The Fat Boy’s Calorie Guide published in 1958. John Lehndorff is the former executive director of the American Pie Council and the Great American Pie Festival, spokesperson for National Pie Day (January 23), and Chief Judge at the National Pie Championships in Boulder. Comments: Nibbles@boulderweekly.com

BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

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‘We’re happy you’re still standing.’ Brew News: Redgarden is open, and CANarchy sells

by Michael J. Casey

e closed the place down, we shut off all the gas lines, we turned off all the stoves—did everything we could do, you know,” Greg Larson says. Larson is the owner and co-founder of Louisville’s Redgarden Restaurant & Brewery, located in the Colorado Tech Center (CTC). The brewery and Redgarden’s staff made it through the Marshall Fire okay, but when they returned, “We heard that the water was no good,” Larson says. Which sounds bad for anyone in the foodservice business, but “The brewery equipment itself is capable of disinfecting 300 gallons of water—probably every three hours. “So we went ahead and did that,” Larson continues. “Fired up some of the equipment, boiled a bunch of water out, and we were able to at least have water.” And Larson extended the offer to others in the area: “We had several people come out and take potable water home.” Redgarden was on the edge of the Marshall Fire and escaped without damage. A few of Larson’s staff had housing that was compromised, so when he got the green light to go back in the area on Tuesday, January 4, Lason knew they could only open in a limited capacity. Plus, some of the food spoiled over the six-day closure, and delivery trucks couldn’t get through because of fire damage to the area. “We opened with some burgers and chips and cold beer on Wednesday,” Larson says. “You know, it’s just the sweetest thing, so many of our best customers called or came out and sat down and said . . . we’re happy you’re still standing.” Since opening three years ago, Redgarden has built a loyal base of customers, many of which work in the CTC or work out at the gyms nearby. Because of that, Larson has decided to extend Redgarden’s hours. As of January 24, Redgarden will be open on Mondays for those who need “a place to go.” Like many in Louisville, the staff at Redgarden are still getting their feet under them. But Larson sounds hopeful. Things are coming together internally: they’ve been able

to donate food to the local food banks, are busy rescheduling canceled events, not to mention taking care of staff and making sure that customers feel safe and welcome. “We want to be a place where people can kind of shrug some stuff off their shoulders and sit down,” he says. “Have a conversation, and just lighten up a little bit, you know. Spend an hour or two and then go back at it. “That’s what we’re here for.” • • • • In other beer news, Oskar Blues Brewery is celebrating a milestone: 20 years leading the canned beer movement. Back in the early 2000s, craft beer in a can was laughable in Colorado—and pretty much everywhere else in these United States. But Oskar Blues owner Dale Katechis saw an opportunity to do something different and took it. Using a tabletop device designed by Cask Brewing Systems of Calgary, Canada, Oskar Blues started canning Dale’s Pale Ale in 2002. Twenty years later, practically every brewery, craft or not, uses cans as their primary form of packaging—which has become an issue for smaller brewers these days, but that’s a story best left to a future article. And while this anniversary is of note, it’s especially pertinent considering that on January 12, Monster Beverage Corp.—the energy drink company—announced the purchase of the CANarchy Craft Brewery Collective, which includes Oskar Blues. Six breweries make up CANarchy—Oskar Blues; Cigar City Brewing in Tampa, Florida; Squatters and Wasatch Brewery, both in Salt Lake City, Utah; Perrin Brewing in Grand Rapids, Michigan; and Deep Ellum Brewing in Dallas, Texas. And all six will remain “craft breweries” under the Brewers Association designation. “Based on our current information, CANarchy meets the Brewers Association’s craft brewer deﬁnition under the ownership of Monster Energy as presently constituted,” the BA says in a press release. “In this instance, Monster is not a beverage alcohol industry member, so this new ownership structure does not affect CANarchy’s independence in regard to the beverage alcohol industry.” SUSAN FRANCE

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TASTE OF THE WEEK:

Blueberry latte and strawberry blueberry pie @ Gabee and Mountain Fountain

by John Lehndorff

n a frigid day when I’d already ingested too much caffeine, I looked away from the menu of artisan espresso beverages at Gabee, Boulder’s Japanese-inspired coffee house on 28th Street. For something completely different, a blueberry latte was a mildly sweet pleasure with a pure blueberry flavor in a warming, soothing head of pale indigo crema. Other latte flavors include chestnut and sweet potato. Tucked in a former Quiznos, Gabee is known for the edible artwork on top of each cup. The lattes and friendliness come with an exceptional Flatirons view. A few days later I found myself in the town of Hygiene at the Mountain Fountain Market, a source of sandwiches (like a fine chicken salad) and lots of locally produced honeys, hot sauces, and jams. Mostly, I’m there for the organic gluten-free fruit pies—lattice, crumble top and double-crust—ranging from pear, apple, cherry, and blackberry to Palisade peach in season. Other bakery faves include pumpkin, pecan (with no corn syrup), pumpkin and key lime pies, and focaccia and cinnamon rolls. Out in the sunny, artsy side yard at the Mountain Fountain, I appreciated a slice of organic blueberry strawberry pie with a bright, intense fruit flavor. It was sweet, but not excessively, tucked in a tender, buttery, cookie-like gluten free crust.

Another Roadfood Attraction

If you’re a fried chicken fan and happen to be in Westminster or Greenwood Village, don’t miss the buttermilk fried chicken at Early Bird Restaurant. A thin, very crispy, black peppery gluten-free crust encloses juicy boneless chicken thighs, pounded and marinated in buttermilk and pickle juice. Try it with Early Bird’s ﬂaky round Cheddar biscuits, boat of sausage gravy and housemade hot sauce.

JOHN LEHNDORFF

Frequent Air Fryer: Pears

’ve been preaching about the benefits of convection ovens for decades, ever since I saw them in action in restaurant kitchens. Circulating the heat with a fan makes items cook evenly and more quickly. Lately everybody has been raving about air fryers, which are just convection ovens. Coat anything in oil and put it in a convection oven set at 450 degrees and it will “air fry” nicely. I finally got an air fryer as a gift for Christmas because I asked for a toaster oven, and now the experiments start. The first thing I made—besides superior toast—was air-fried red, yellow, and white baby potatoes that were amazingly tasty and fast. I had Bosc pears—the long brown-skinned ones—so I consulted with philosopher Ralph Waldo Emerson who noted more 100 years ago that, “There are only 10 minutes in the life of a pear when it is perfect to eat.” Pears are notoriously crispy until they suddenly become mushy. I quartered my hard pears and cut out the core. I sprayed them with oil and added a pinch of salt, a sprinkle of nutmeg and some vanilla extract, and air-fried them until they softened, browned and dried, which concentrates the natural sweetness. It was the perfect dessert with nonfat Greek yogurt and air-fried salted walnut halves.

BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

Culinary Calendar JOHN LEHNDORFF

ook on the bright side: The Boulder Farmers Market opens for the season for in-person shopping on April 2. However, you can order from local farmers and food folks today, and pick up fresh meats, beets, lettuce, mushrooms, potatoes, radishes, parsley root, squash, cheese, eggs, honey, gluten-free chocolate pumpkin loaf, tempeh, apple pie, tortillas, granola, chai, apples, pasta, hot sauces, tamales, and locally produced non-GMO seeds from the Boulder’s Masa Foundation for your garden starts. . . . Plan ahead: CineChef, part of the Boulder International Film Festival, March 3, features a ﬁlm-themed tasting with Boulder and Denver chefs. biff1.com/cinechef . . . Send information about upcoming local food festivals, classes, tastings, and workshops to: Nibbles@boulderweekly.com

JANUARY 20, 2022

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BOULDER COUNTY’S INDEPENDENT VOICE

‘These are not ordinary times’

“It works the same way that morphine or Oxycontin or heroin works, but it has a sort of slightly different pharmacology,” he says. “We’re still figuring all this out, but it works on a number of different systems. One of the reasons that opiates are addictive is because they stick to our mu (μ) opioid receptor, which gives us sort of euphoric or positive mood-elevating feelings that are quite pleasant to some people. And so kratom does have the potential to do that, but because it sticks to one side of the mu opioid receptor more than to the other, it seems safer and less addictive (than opiates).” And kratom does appear to be far safer than most opioids. A Centers for Disease Control study of more than 27,000 overdoses between 2016 and 2017 found kratom to be implicated in less than 1% of deaths. Another peer-reviewed study from 2019 estimated that kratom is more than 1,000 times less likely to kill than prescription opioids. But the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has made it difficult to study kratom in a lab, according to Garcia-Romeu, forcing U.S. researchers to use user surveys to learn more about the plant. “In 2017 I was trying to do a laboratory study where we bring people to the lab and we give [kratom] to them,” he explains, ‘and the FDA just gave me so much of a headache to try to do that: ‘We don’t know if this is safe. We don’t have any good animal toxicology on this yet.’” His lab ultimately dropped the study. But Garcia-Romeu says the FDA has been reluctant to provide technical and financial support to labs to study kratom. In 2016, the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) announced that it planned to place kratom into Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act with heroin, cocaine, and, yes, marijuana. The public outcry, which included statements from Garcia-Romeu and other scientists, was loud enough to get the DEA to step back. “This is a big problem in our drug research (in the United States),” Garcia-Romeu says. “We’re trying to study cannabis, or kratom, or whatever, and [the FDA says], ‘We don’t know how safe this is, so you can’t do it.’ If I walk down the street to the gas station, I can buy this stuff and use it—anybody on the street can do that. I’ve got a team of doctors here, and a pharmacologist, and we’re [testing] it in a hospital setting; how much safer do you want to be?” Around two weeks ago, I walked down the street and bought some kratom (at a head shop, not a gas station). The owner suggested capsules for ease of use. Each pill of

Should kratom be a tool in the harm reduction kit for the opioid epidemic?

by Caitlin Rockett

y first experience with opioids began after a car accident landed me in the hospital for two weeks when I was 17. First there was morphine to help me deal with the pain of fractures in my hip, pelvis, and sacrum, the broken collar bone and lacerations on my spleen and kidney, the collapsed lung. Then it was hydrocodone in the weeks following my discharge. It wasn’t a surprise when I found myself irritable and sick in the days following my last prescribed opiates, when the fractures had healed and I was able to ditch the cane; I knew I was going to miss that warm sensation washing over me, the release from anxiety, the euphoria . . . hell, I missed the itching. I’ve found my way back to opiates sporadically over the 20 years since my car accident, and I have immense compassion for those who find themselves permanently ensnared in their deceptively warm embrace. In an op-ed for the New York Times detailing her addiction to opiates, Maia Szalavitz describes feeling “safe, nurtured and unconditionally loved” the first time she used heroin. “Science now shows that this comparison is more than a metaphor,” Szalavitz writes. “Opioids mimic the neurotransmitters that are responsible for making social connection comforting— tying parent to child, lover to beloved.” In a culture consumed by work and rugged individualism, no wonder we’re a country addicted to opioids. As the opioid epidemic ramped up at the turn of the century, so did American interest in the leaves of a plant from Southeast Asia that natives had used since at least the 19th century as both a mild stimulant and analgesic: kratom. Dried up and ground into a powder, bitter-tasting kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) can be consumed in pre-weighed capsules, dissolved in a liquid, or brewed into a tea. The plant contains two alkaloids that act on one of the human body’s three opioid receptors, meaning that while kratom isn’t an opioid, it has opioid-like properties. At low doses it acts like a stimulant, but at higher doses it becomes a sedative. “It’s related to coffee,” says Albert Garcia-Romeu, a member of the Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences faculty at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, where he’s done research on kratom by surveying more than 2,000 people about their usage.

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Bali red vein (there are different strains of kratom: red, white, and green) contained .6 grams of Mitragyna speciosa, the active alkaloid of kratom, and I was instructed to start by taking five to six capsules to achieve pain relief and relaxation. There’s about 3.5 grams of Mitragyna speciosa in six pills. The capsules are supplement-like in size, and require copious amounts of water to swallow. On my first try, I did experience mild relaxation from six pills taken after a meal. However, six pills taken on a less full stomach days later resulted in some nausea. I was wary of trying again for a few days. When I did bring myself to up the dosage to nine pills― that’s more than 5 grams of kratom—the results were more intense: genuine euphoria, a sense of well-being, relief from anxiety, a tinge of nausea, even on a full stomach, some light sensitivity (common with traditional opioids), but overall a pleasurable experience. I couldn’t say it matched the effects of a traditional opioid, but it certainly rhymed. Garcia-Romeu doesn’t gloss over the reality of kratom: Because it binds to opioid receptors, it has the capacity to be physiologically addictive. His lab’s survey found that around 10% of respondents met the criteria for mild use disorder, meaning they were experiencing withdrawal symptoms when not using kratom, and subsequently struggled to cut back usage. As with any drug, there’s the possibility for liver damage with overuse. “Now in the third wave of the opioid crisis, we’re struggling to find ways to help people,” Garcia-Romeu says. “Part of the problem with our country’s healthcare system is that pharmaceutical corporations are so powerful and such a profitable lobbying organization. But it’s hard to patent a plant that’s been around a long time, like psilocybin, cannabis, kratom. That makes it really hard for pharmaceutical companies to own that and then sell it back to us as a pill that is proprietary. That really discourages any sort of large investment of research into these types of substances that are naturally occurring. That’s why psilocybin and even cannabis have not been studied well, because there’s not a Merck or Pfizer or something like that to come along and say, ‘You know, we’ve got billions of dollars to put into R&D, and we’re going to figure out what’s in this plant and make it a medicine.’ What [pharmaceutical companies are] doing now is looking at molecules and saying, ‘How do I add a hydrogen molecule to it, so now I own it and can sell it back to you in a capsule formula?’ That’s an unfortunate reality of what’s happening right now in medications development.” When it comes to the opioid epidemic, there’s a lot of talk about harm reduction, a public health model that recognizes licit and illicit drug use is a reality, and requires minimizing danger as opposed to condemning or criminalizing. This time writing for Scientific American, Maia Szalavitz says, “In ordinary times, there would be no question about whether a drug with opioid-like effects should be proven safe and effective and approved by the Food and Drug Administration before it is widely marketed. But these aren’t ordinary times and . . . kratom is not a typical drug. “. . . [T]he issue of whether or not to ban kratom is an excellent litmus test of whether the Biden administration will actually use the philosophy of harm reduction to guide drug policy—or just spout the trendy catchphrase as window dressing to hide ongoing engagement in the war on drugs.” l

Combating the virus

course of COVID-19 infections by preventing virus particles from infecting human cells.” The study’s first section reads. It goes on to explain that “utilizing compounds that block virus–receptor interaction has also been useful for other viruses, including HIV-1 and hepatitis C virus.” To test whether or not cannabinoids from hemp could block COVID virus-receptor interactions, the scientists used a technique called Magnetic Microbead Affinity Selection (MagMASS). As the name suggests, this technique uses magnetic microbeads to immobilize target proteins for rapid bioaffinity isolation of “ligands”— or binding molecules. For the experiment, the scientists performed live COVID virus cell infection tests to determine if cannabinoids could inhibit cell entry. “Using MagMASS to screen hemp extracts for ligands to the SARSCoV-2 spike protein, several cannabinoid ligands were identified and ranked by affinity to the spike protein.” The study explains. “Two cannabinoids with the highest affinities for the spike protein, cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) and cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), were confirmed to block infection of human epithelial cells by a pseudovirus expressing the spike protein.” Which is to say, CBDA and CBGA both effectively blocked the COVID spike protein from binding to the human cells. And they found that it effectively worked for both the “alpha” and “beta” strains of the virus, and potentially for others still to come. “Our data show minimal impact of the variant lineages on the effectiveness of CBDA and CBGA,” the study

New research suggests that several minor cannabinoids may be able to fight and prevent COVID infections

by Will Brendza

hile the medical community continues to advocate for mass SARS-CoV-2 (COVID) vaccination, and as others have sought unproven treatments like hydroxychloroquine and ivermectin, a group of scientists at Oregon State University has been investigating the usefulness of another possible treatment: weed—or, more accurately, cannabigerolic acid (CBGA) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) derived from hemp. Not only have they found that these speciﬁc cannabinoids have potential to prevent COVID infections, but they found that these minor cannabinoids might also have potential to ﬁght the disease post-infection as well. “CBDA and CBGA are produced by the hemp plant as precursors to CBD and CBG, which are familiar to many consumers. However, [CBD and CBG] are different from the acids and are not contained in hemp products,” Richard van Breeman, the study’s lead author, notes in a statement. The study starts off describing the virus and its spike protein. It explains that any step of the COVID infection and replication cycle is a good target for antiviral intervention, but there is one particularly important step—where COVID’s spike protein binds to the human cell-surface—that is the crux of the virus’ transmissibility. “Therefore, cell entry inhibitors could be used to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as to shorten the

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concludes. “A trend that will hopefully extend to other existing and future variants.” However, van Breeman also notes that burning CBDA and CBGA can remove the “A” from it (the all-important carboxylic acid). If products containing those cannabinoids are smoked or vaped, they convert from CBDA to CBD and CBGA to CBG—which he says, are not effective at blocking transmission. (Making edibles the only truly effective method of delivery to prevent/treat COVID using cannabis.) This seems like a good place to include a disclaimer: We, at Boulder Weekly, are not medical doctors, and this is merely a cannabis column—not a scientific journal. So, if you came here seeking medical advice on preventing and treating serious diseases with weed, we recommend asking legitimate doctors. And if you’re interested in this particular study we’d direct you to the full version published on the Journal of Nature Products’ website: pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00946 Needless to say, if this is true, it could be very big news for the medical community, for the cannabis industry and for people all around the world. If naturally occurring cannabinoids like CBDA and CBGA can ﬁght COVID, there may well be a natural prevention and treatment supplement readily available (and legal) across most of the US. Thom Brodeur is the CEO of Sky Wellness, a national premium CBD product company. While he cautions consumers and producers alike to take claims like these very seriously, he also believes that we will start to see a lot more studies being published on cannabis and its potential to ﬁght COVID—and other virulent diseases— as we learn more about it. “We’re just scratching the surface of what we know about cannabinoid [majors] and minors in the CBD family and the positive and effective impacts it may have for preventative and therapeutic care, including virus-based maladies as research is indicating,” Brodeur says. “To us, that’s the exciting part. There is more research to do, more ground to cover and more to discover that may— like this recent research suggests—show us use cases and value for CBD and its derivatives that have been right under our noses all this time.”

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