About Journalists
Journalist : The warriors of democracy Essentials tips for Journalists to succeed
Bhumika Dhingra
Jaipur. Journalists work in many areas of life, finding and presenting information, however, for the purposes of this article, we define journalists as those who present that information as news to the audiences of newspapers, magazines, radio or television stations or via the Internet. Within these different media, there are specialist tasks for journalists. In large organisations, the journalists may specialise in only one task. In small organisations, each journalist may have to do many different tasks. Here are some of the jobs journalists do: 1. Reporters: Gather information and present it in a written or spoken form in news stories, feature articles or documentaries. Reporters may work on the staff of news organisations, but may also work freelance, writing stories for whoever pays them. 2. Sub-editors: Take the stories
written by reporters and put them into a form which suits the special needs of their particular newspaper, magazine, bulletin or web page. Sub-editors do not usually gather information themselves. Their job is to concentrate on how the story can best be presented to their audience. 3. The Editor: Usually the person who makes the final decision about what is included in the newspaper, magazine or news bulletins. He or she is responsible for all the content and all the journalists. Editors may have deputies and assistants to help them. 4. The News Editor: The person in charge of the news journalists. In small organisations, the news editor may make all the decisions about what stories to cover and who will do the work.
In larger organisations, the news editor may have a deputy, often called the chief of staff, whose special job is to assign reporters
visiting the scene where a crime or other newsworthy occurrence took place. 1. Reporting Duties: Before journalists can write about a subject, they must first gather information. They usually conduct several interviews with people involved in or having knowledge of the subject. 2. Working With People: Even though a news article bears a single journalist’s byline, the process requires significant collaboration. How good a jourImage courtesy: Google to the stories selected. nalist’s story is often depends on how adept he is at communiResponsibilities of Journalists: cating and working with others. Journalists educate the public For example, journalists take about events and issues and how instruction from their editors rethey affect their lives. They spend garding what angle to approach much of their time interviewing when writing a story, how long expert sources, searching pub- the story should be and whom to lic records and other sources interview for information, and sometimes 3. Legal Responsibilities: In ad-
News Sources
News Sources: types, credibility and protection
Chandan Jangid
Jaipur. Source is an import-
ant and indispensable part of Journalism. An Editor or Publisher can get information or news from various primary and secondary sources. Here are these; Reporter- Reporter is a primary source for news. If they are well trained, experienced and objective, their reports will usually be accurate and can be trusted. Each news published by newspaper, have their news reporters. Primary sources- A person who is first person to give a feed to reporter is called a primary source for news. That knows most of the part of event, so you can find news from many primary sources. Interview is one of the most important examples of these
kind of sources. This is the most reliable and good source of news. You can give easily the name and much more about the person but only on their approval. Secondary sources- Any source which gives us a feed from another source i.e. primary source is called as ‘Secondary’ source. Their information or feed are completely based on primary sources. Internet is one of those secondary sources. This is especially with information on the Internet. Secondary sources are those people who don’t make the news but who pass it on. The official police report of an incident or comments by someone press personnel can be called Secondary Source. Secondary sources are not usually
as reliable as Primary Sources. Anonymous Sources: who gives the news but refuse to give their names. These are called “No names(anonymous)” sources. News publisher use these in very rare condition because these can be little risky kind of source, because if they are wrong, effects of wrong news will affect to readers, directly. Credibility and Protection of sources: Sometimes, it is also called confidentiality of sources. There are many laws related to protection of people giving feed or information, then you have to check or double check a news by given a source. If anything is fake then it is really harmful for readers and news publisher, because news of news publishers directly affects readers.
Cartoon Corner
dition to serving the public interest, journalists must also follow the law, especially regarding the confidentiality and privacy of the people they interview or write about. For example, while journalists often tape record their interviews to ensure accuracy, federal and state laws generally make it illegal to record a conversation without the permission of the other party. 4. Ethical Responsibilities: Some aspects of a journalist’s job are not subject to any kind of law but are just as important. Journalists must strive to present an accurate, well-balanced explanation of the stories they cover. For example, they have an obligation to present all sides of an issue, and to conduct extensive research and talk to several sources knowledgeable about the subject.
Chandan Jangid
Page 02 THE MESSAGE
MondayApril 17, 2017
Journalism
Let’s know about art of Journalism
A brief about roles and status of various types of Journalism
Rimjhim Sharma
Jaipur. Journalism is the production and distribution of reports on the interaction of events, facts, ideas, and people that are the “news of the day” and that informs society to at least some degree. The word applies to the occupation (professional or not), the methods of gathering information, and the organizing literary styles. Journalistic media include: print, television, radio, Internet, and, in the past, newsreels. Concepts of the appropriate role for journalism varies between countries. In some nations, the news media is controlled by a government intervention, and is not a fully independent body.In others, the news media is independent from the government but the profit motive is in tension with constitutional protections of freedom of the press. Access to freely available information gathered by independent and competing journalistic enterprises with transparent editorial standards can enable citizens to effectively participate in the political process. In the United States, journalism is protected by the freedom of the press clause in the First Amendment. The role and status of journalism, along with that of the mass media, has undergone changes over the last two decades with the advent of digital technology and publication of news on the Internet. This has created a shift in the consumption of print media channels, as people increasingly consume news through e-readers, smartphones, and other electronic devices, challenging news
organizations to fully monetize their digital wing, as well as improvise on the context in which they publish news in print. Notably, in the American media landscape, newsrooms have reduced their staff and coverage as traditional media channels, such as television, grapple with declining audiences. For instance, between 2007 and 2012, CNN edited its story packages into nearly half of their original time length. This compactness in coverage has been linked to broad audience attrition, as a large majority of respondents in recent studies show changing preferences in news consumption. The digital era has also ushered in a new kind of journalism in which ordinary citizens play a greater role in the process of news making, with the rise of citizen journalism being possible through the Internet. Using video camera equipped smartphones, active citizens are now enabled to record footage of news events and upload them onto channels like YouTube, which is often discovered and used by mainstream news media outlets. Meanwhile, easy access to news from a variety of online sources, like blogs and other social media, has resulted in read-
ers being able to pick from a wider choice of official and unofficial sources,instead of only from traditional media organizations. Journalism is nonfiction. Journalism helps to explain the events that impact our lives and is developed in a number of forms and
styles. Each journalistic form and style uses different techniques and writes for different purposes and audiences. There are five principal types of journalism: investigative, news, reviews, columns and feature writing. What form of journalism are you interested in? Investigative Investigative journalism aims to uncover the truth about a particular subject, person, or event. While investigative journalism is based on the basic principle underlying all journalism-verification and accurate
The Highest Honour
History of Pulitzer award
presentation of facts-investigative reporters must often work with uncooperative or recalcitrant sources who do not wish to divulge information. Renowned investigative journalism, such as Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein’s uncovering of the Watergate scandal, can upend major institutions significantly influence public life. News News journalism is straightforward. Facts are relayed without flourishes or interpretation. A typical news story often constitutes a headline with just enough explanation to orient the reader. News stories lack the depth of a feature story, or the questioning approach of an investigative story. Rather, they relay facts, events and information to society in a straightforward, accurate and unbiased manner. Reviews Reviews are partly opinion and partly fact based. The review needs to accomplish two things: one, accurately describe or identify the subject being reviewed, and two, provide an intelligent and informed opinion of the subject, based on research and experience. Columns
Columns are based primarily on the personality of the author, allowing him or her to write about subjects in a personal style. Column writers can take a humorous approach, or specialise in a particular subject area or topic. It’s important for columnists to develop their own voice that is recognisable by their readership. Columnists can interpret events or issues or write about their own personal experiences or thoughts. Columns are usually published weekly. Feature Writing Feature writing provides scope, depth, and interpretation of trends, events, topics or people. Features aim not only to thoroughly explore a topic by conducting interviews with numerous experts or the key people involved, but to offer a previously unseen perspective on an event, issue, or person. Feature writing commonly wins prestigious awards when it manages to achieve this goal. Features usually have the highest word count of all journalism types. If you’re interested in pursuing any of these different forms of journalism, there are a number of journalism courses available. Journalism courses teach a wide variety of journalistic, ethical and research skills which form the foundation of all journalism. Writing courses will also help budding journalists improve their grasp of the written word. If you have a love of words, and a keen interest in the world around you, then journalism could be the career for you.
International
Pakistan violates ceasefire along LOC Joseph Pulitzer stood out as the very embodiment of true Pakistani troops fired in Rajouri district.
Journalism
Mohitinder Singh Maan
Chirag Sharma
Jaipur. The Pulitzer Prize is an award for achievements in Newspaper, Magazine and Online Journalism, Literature, and Musical Composition in the United States. It was established in 1917 by provisions in the will of American (Hungarian-born) Joseph Pulitzer who had made his fortune as a newspaper publisher, and is administered by
Columbia University in New York City. Prizes are awarded yearly in twenty-one categories. In twenty of the categories, each winner receives a Image courtesy: Google certificate and a US$15,000 cash award (raised from $10,000 in 2017). The winner in the public service category of the journalism competition is awarded a gold medal. In the later years of the 19th century, Joseph Pulitzer stood out as the very embodiment of American Journalism. Hungarian-born, an intense indomita-
ble figure, Pulitzer was the most skillful of newspaper publishers, a passionate crusader against dishonest government, a fierce, hawk-like competitor who did not shrink from sensationalism in circulation struggles, and a visionary who richly endowed his profession. His innovative New York World and St. Louis Post-Dispatch reshaped newspaper journalism. Pulitzer was the first to call for the training of journalists at the university level in a School of Journalism. And certainly, the lasting influence of the Pulitzer Prizes on journalism, literature, music, and drama is to be attributed to his visionary acumen.
Jaipur. Pakistani troops fired
from automatic weapons and shelled mortars on forward posts along the line of control (Loc) in Rajouri district of Jammu and Kashmir today, in the sixth instance of ceasefire violation this maonth. “Pakistani Army fired indiscriminately from small arms automatic weapons and re-
sorted to mortar shelling from 0800 hours today on Indian army posts along the Line of control in Noushera belt of Rajour district” a defence spokesman said. Army troops deployed on forward posts retailed and the exchange was continuing till last reports came in. This is the sixth ceasefire violation this month
Printed and Published by JECRC University, Ramchandrapura, Sitapura, Jaipur. Sub Editors: Rimjhim Sharma, Mohitinder Singh Maan, Bhumika Dhingra, Chandan Jangid, Chirag Sharma, Layout Designer: Rimjhim Sharma, Chief Sub-Editor: Shailendra Pratap Singh Bhati, Editor: Dr. Neeraj Khattri, DISCLAIMER: The views and opinions expressed in this paper are author(s) own. Facts reported by them have been verified to the extent possible, and the publisher are not liable for the same. This publisation is for internal circulation only. Please send your valuable suggestions and feedback on ; themessage@jecrcu.edu.in