Volume II — Number 107
February 2018
Monthly Newsletter
Newsletter
László Lukácsi • Closing after closing. This tremendous economic crisis that we have been suffering since 2007 continues to claim new victims in the world of artistic glass. Our politicians fill their mouths with opinions on the relaunching of our economy, but we continue to see how, one after another, long-established glass entities close because they can not continue to work because they can not sell their products or because they do not receive the institutional support that would make them viable. This is the case of La Mediterránea, an entity located in the Valencian town of L'Ollería and managed by the Abdón family. A family with long history in the world of glass that have been leaving the eyelashes since 2010 to launch one of the most emblematic factories in the Levante area of our country.
But, apparently, the longawaited financing that they Nuestra sede: have been seeking for the Castillo Grande de support of the factory has S.J. de Valderas Avda. Los Castillos, s/n not been found and this absence has brought them 28925 ALCORCÓN. to closure. (MADRID) info@amigosmava.org
The Mediterranean, in times past, came to export to more than 70 countries and to invoice 14 million
M. A. Carretero.
euros a year, putting on the market the production emerged from the fire under innovative and creative designs. They were different times. The company, constituted in 1975, was the maximum exponent of the flourishing and successful business culture raised on the basis of glass and exported to all corners of the world. Another closure that we believe has occurred is that of the Lafiore factory, in the Mallorcan town of Esporles. And we believe it because we have passed several times because of its location during our stay on the island in the first days of last January and we have always seen it closed and with a sad aspect of abandonment. In some specialized establishments in Palma we have confirmed the news of the closure, but through digital media we have not been able to obtain any confirmation of this fact.
Valarino, born in Cartagena in 1801, although his family came from Genoa, created in 1834 the glass and glass factory in the neighborhood of Santa Lucia. The beginning of a new business stage in 1908 would culminate with the very decadence of the business and was the end of his work and artistic life. The industry that gave so much fame to Cartagena from the first third of the nineteenth century is closed on February 2, 1955. The museum was opened in 2011 by the Handicraft Association of Glassmakers of Santa Lucia in order to disseminate the neighborhood's tradition of glass and become an essential piece to ensure the generational change in a century-old craft in Cartagena.
As we reported on page 6 of this Bulletin, the damage caused by several assaults on its facilities last December and the possible neglect of So I sent an email to the Mallorcan digital newspaper the City Council in supporting the activities of ultimahora.es to inform me of the current situation of this the Museum make it unfeasible to sustain it. factory. The firm Lafiore, specializing in decorative products of artisanal artistic glass, which mixes the ancient technique of blown glass with the most avant-garde and contemporary designs, it seems that it has not been able to withstand the crisis and has had to close.
The good news is that the City Council of Cartagena seems interested in the fact that the MUVI does not close, but the managers of the Museum have already had previous promises that have not been fulfilled.
On January 17 of last year 2017 we visited the Museum And the other bad news that and chatted with its we have been able to read in managers Manuel Gil and recent days is that published Carlos Calabria. by different Murcia media From this visit we gave about the possible imminent fulfilled information in our closure of the Santa Lucía Bulletin of the month of Glass Museum, located in February of last year. Cartagena. The bourgeois Tomás
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Volume II — Number 107
February 2018
S P E C I A L I NT E R E S T: •
Part of the month
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Murano greets
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Does the MUVI close?
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Biot Glass Festival
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Activities on the MAVA
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News
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Our activities
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Glass recycling
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How does CONTENT:
Piece of the month
3
Established artists
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Young artists
4
Murano greets
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Does the MUVI close?
6
Hopes
7
Activities Museums
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Activities on the MAVA
11
Cirilo Rodríguez Award
12
Biot Festival Glass
13
Alex Añó. Secrets
14
Glass blower
15
School of Berazategui
16
Roman glass in Museums
17
News
18
Culture 2018
18
Vitrum 2019
19
Vitralls Bonet
19
The glass in museums
20
Recycling
21
Cultural visits
22
Culture 2018 program
22
Prize to Pilar Alonso
23
Other trends
24
Restored stained glass
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Museum of Monterrey
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Iranian prehistoric glass
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Chinese glass bridges
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The house of polish
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How do
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Loss of jobs
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Glasses in Africa
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Barbosa thinks to grow
33
Donation of Giralt
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Petition for Caudete
35
In the Trade Center
36
Glasses for the AVE
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Sheila Hernández
38
Solar glass
39
Story
40
Board Of Directors
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Directive 2010/75 / EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, of November 24, 2010, on industrial emissions. 10 a) "Techniques" shall also be understood as: the technology used together with the way in which the installation is designed, constructed, maintained, exploited and paralyzed;
benefits, whether the techniques are used or produced in the corresponding Member State as if not, provided that the holder can have access to them under reasonable conditions; c) "best": the most effective techniques for achieving a high general level of protection of the environment as a whole;
consumption, the techniques that are taken into account to determine the best available techniques, as well as conclusions on BAT and emerging techniques, taking into special consideration the criteria listed in Annex III;
12) "conclusions on BAT": a document that contains the parts of a BAT reference document that establishes the conclusions on the best available techniques, b) "available 11) "BAT reference their description, the techniques": the document": document information to evaluate techniques developed resulting from the at a scale that allows exchange of information their applicability, the emission levels their application in the organized in context of the accordance with Article associated with the best corresponding 13, drawn up for certain techniques available, the industrial sector, under activities, describing, in associated monitoring, the associated economically and particular, the technically feasible techniques applied, the consumption levels and, if applicable, the conditions, taking into current emissions and rehabilitation measures account the costs and the levels of of the site in question;
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Amazon biospheres.
Amazon inaugurates "biospheres" for its employees to work better.
a statement.
The "Spheres", located on the Amazon estates in the heart In these glass and steel balls, of Seattle, "have no closed of which the largest is about offices, spaces for meetings 30 meters high and 40 in or jobs, and employees can diameter, "Amazon meet in cabins suspended in employees can work in an trees over 10 meters high" or environment that looks more "in paths that meander like a tropical rainforest lost in between waterfalls, "Amazon the clouds than an office", the explained. multinational company said in
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17-01-13. Requesting inventory of the components of the permanent collection of MAVA.
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11-06-13. Possibility of receipt by the MAVA documentation on glass offered by the President of the Spanish Association of Science.
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11-11-13. Requesting information on the agreement with the Community of Madrid to install social services in the MAVA.
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Piece of the month. John Gilbert Luebtow.
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John Gilbert Luebtow has been working in the architectural scale art world beginning with the ceramic murals in 1969, when he began creating ceramic murals. This work was accomplished during his tenure as Director of the Architectural Ceramics Department at "De Porceleyne Fles" in Delft, Netherlands. His interest in glass was aroused during a collaborative exhibition with Leerdam Glass in Amsterdam. In 1971 Luebtow returned to the U.S.A. and began exploring all aspects of glass artistrty; blowing, cutting, polishing, bending, and enameling; he always strove for ways to expand his ideas and the scale of glass into the architectural venue.
After considerable experimentation and technical exploration Luebtow designed and built his own furnaces to enable him to forge his art on a much larger scale.
that we leave for generations.
He feels that the integration of art into architecture must be birthed and nurtured with extreme sensitivity and caution in order for it to be By the late 1970’s he was successful. able to manipulate 10Art both influences and foot (3-meter) sheets of conditions the way the 1" thick ( 2.5- cm- thick) environment is perceived glass. and received. Other materials One needs to be emphasized in John’s supportive of the other. work are ceramics, metal, (primarily stainless steel) The site and the art being equal, the sum of their and stone. parts create a greater These have been whole. selected not only for what they bring visually to the The piece that we have work, but also because of chosen this month and their permanence, ease that belongs to the permanent collection of of maintenance, and the MAVA is the one structural integrity. cataloged as "Untitled" by Luebtow views art in its author. architecture as a permanent commitment, as a cultural reference
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Established artists. László Lukácsi.
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Laszlo Lukacsi was born in 1961 in Budapest, Hungary.
The fluid, organic shapes and optic illusions reveal not only his vision but also the When eyes behold the glass laborious techniques. art of artist, László Lukácsi, a connoisseur journeys Lukácsi's expressions drawn through the history of the from nature and science, glass art movement in combined with humanity’s Hungary. industrial and technical revolutions ingeniously Lukácsi structured training in transform his meticulous applied arts, dedication to the efforts into objects of beauty. traditions of the medium and the influences of his He graduated at the predecessors are illuminated Hungarian Academy of in each of the cold-worked Applied Arts in 1985. laminated glass sculptures. Laszlo's work fits into the strong Central European
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Emerging artists. Carl Bens.
tradition of abstract, laminated glass art which explores the optical qualities of the medium. His use of cold-working techniques and the layering of laminated glass sheets creates visual rhythms within the works that changes from the viewers point of view. Laszlo enhances this experience by treating the surface of the plate glass with reflective lustre or by including mirror glass to create transparency. Our web
artistic work process. The profound debate about everyday issues and the conception of clear images in space follows the implementation, which in its clarity remove barriers for the viewer to get together on the level of content.
Born in Schwedt/Oder, Germany installations and classical sculpture. in 1987. He is inspired to operate in the field between conceptual
Both disciplines characterize different periods within the
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Anchored in the concept, the material glas allows me to work out specific questions of content. The variable material characteristics can be modified and used as desired within the process, in order to reflect an artistic and personal position. The result is an unusual material illustration in which content, technology and staging merge with each other.
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All Murano greets his teacher.
February 2018
Serenissima, eight centuries ago, considered equal to that of the patricians. For the master it was nobility of art, for the patrician nobility of blood. The master of glass can not retreat: his sign remains indomitable, he is not allowed to make mistakes. "
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Funeral of Pino Signoretto in Murano last January 3, 2018. An entire island has gathered around the family of Pino Signoretto, the master who for decades has revived the centuries-old tradition of glass, helping to bring Venetian crafts all over the world.
Pino Signoretto dies, master of a demonstration before the imperial family. Murano glass. Venice loses one of its masters, a champion of glass art. Murano and the entire historic center are in mourning for death, which occurred last Saturday, December 30 at the end of an illness and because of a cerebral ejaculation.
From the beginning of the 90s he was interested in defending the tradition of teaching Murano glass and transmitting the secrets of a sector increasingly undermined by mass industrial production.
That Wednesday morning, Murano, of whom he was a son and an interpreter with his works, wanted to say goodbye to the 73-year-old man who, until the end, continued working in his glass factory. "Happy slave" In the church of San Donato his words echoed when he described himself as a "happy slave" to describe his relationship with glass.
There was something mystical in his art, as opposed to "the In 2001, with this point of view, fire that consumes but materializes my fantasies and he was a professor at the At the age of 73 years it was my abilities". Academy of Fine Arts in still a point of reference for those who wanted to approach Venice. The duel these days has the technique of glass reached the whole world, to the In his autobiography he said: production. East, where Signoretto was "Glass is the undisputed well known. To the point of master of my life, this despot The awards who compels me, happy slave, having the honor of In 2016, given his successful demonstrating even to the to fulfill myself in front of the career, Signoretto received the burning, but my fantasies and Japanese imperial family. Mam-Maestro d'Arte e my ability materialize, "Indelible and indomitable Mestiere award, awarded to demands prompt assonance, signal" the 75 best Italian artisans. direct and Participatory - wrote Signoretto himself - I grew up An artistic parable that has "As a young man I worked in the harsh school of a reached the five continents but face-to-face with some of teacher without a peer, Alfredo has begun and ended always Murano's greatest masters of Barbini, who made a lot of fun in the same place, in Murano. glass, Alfredo Barbini Livio of my desire to learn and Seguso, Ermanno Nason and A kind of "coffin" where the achieve. Persevera chico Angelo Seguso," he told the thoughts and ideas of because if you are stubborn, organizers of the event. Signoretto magically become hard, constant, you will come fragile glass treasures. "The After Signoretto took off and in to satisfy your desire, your master of glass can not the sixties he became the sensation of shapes and retreat," he stressed, "his sign teacher of the masters. colors that I feel exist in you remains indomitable." and I wish I could reach ". He collaborated with artists and architects such as On this path I continued: now Our "Monthly Bulletin" dedicated him a tribute in the Vedova, Licata, Del Pezzo, the others call me a teacher, month of February 2013. Vitali and Pomodoro. but I know how much I still have to learn. In any case, I Rest in peace. This was followed by several am proud to be a master successes and in the late glassmaker, a title that the 1980s he traveled to Japan for
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Closes the MUVI Saint Lucia?.
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damages to the property, The Museum of Glass of Santa located next to the old Santa Lucia will close its doors in the Lucia schools. coming days for funding 'The Truth' proved the problems and because the City seriousness of the damage of Cartagena "has turned its caused in the bathrooms, the back", as reported by the false ceilings and the exterior councilor of PP Carolina windows. Therefore, the Palazón. situation of the Museum of laverdad.es
The museum was opened in 2011 by the Handicraft Association of Glassmakers of Santa Lucia in order to disseminate the neighborhood's tradition of glass and become an essential piece to ensure the generational change in a century-old craft in Cartagena.
Glass, the only one in the Region and the second in Spain specialized in this area, is "unsustainable", said Palazón.
For the mayor of the PP, it is "unfortunate" that "let die" this space because "nobody wants to be involved in it", and criticized that the former mayor, José López, In a statement, Palazón announced two years ago that denounced that the City Council has "refused to solve" he would turn the museum into a "reference" »Regional the lack of funding for this tourism including it in the offer space and censured that municipal officials have "closed of excursions of the cruises, promoting the visits, asking for the door in the nose" to the museum managers every time help to the Autonomous they have gone to ask «Help to Community and offering training workshops in the trade get it out». of glazier. Its managers put four "They have done nothing, they complaints during the have worked with their backs Christmas season for theft of to the needs of the museum taps and other materials that and have allocated money to have caused numerous
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musealize a center that can not be visited because it looks like an abandoned building," criticized Carolina Palazón. In his opinion, it has gone from the "Museum of Glass to that of shame." Finally, he highlighted the "neglect" and "mistreatment" of the municipal government team in a space that had the dual objective of transmitting and disseminating the history and crafts of Cartagena and putting the Santa Lucia neighborhood in value. The Museum of Glass welcomes the past, present and future of the tradition of glass in Cartagena through an exhibition with more than 200 pieces, distributed in 15 showcases, from the old glass factory of Santa Lucia. On the ground floor is the furnace house, where the visitor can see on site a demonstration of glass blowing, as well as the tools, tools and machines traditionally used by glassmakers. Watch video.
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Hopes for the MUVI Saint Lucia.
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The Glass Museum is not going to close. This is what they argue from the City of Cartagena after the complaint of the managers of the property, when they said they were forced to throw the shutter because they could not cope with the maintenance costs of the building.
by Juan Pedro Torralba after the departure of MC from the local Executive, has gone to work so that the contract of cession of use of the building to those in charge of the Museum of Glass also contemplates the expenses of maintenance on the part of the City council.
From the management of And it is that, as they the Museum now recognize denounced the own ones in that this modification would charge and the PP by means be vital to keep the of a note, a series of exhibition room open, vandalic acts and robberies because, although the suffered in the property have cleaning and repairs costs left the unfit facilities to about 7,500 euros per year, continue offering visits. can not cope in a particular way. "We will maintain those fixed with the Department of However, they still hope that Education to welcome this intention will materialize, schoolchildren, but we can since it is something they not open to the general also asked for in January of public," said one of the last year and it never came managers, Manuel to be done. Riquelme. No subsidy since 2015 However, it seems that the Also, Riquelme regrets that Government team has taken since 2015, with the change action on the matter and, as of government in the city has been known, the PSOE and MC entered the Municipal Services area, led
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Executive after 20 years of the PP Mayor's office - they have lost the municipal aid of 5,000 euros that they received since they took over the reins in 2011 from the museum. "With that help and with the courses that we do in the facilities we could cover expenses, although since 2015 the courses have also been reduced and without subsidy we can not cover the expenses," he says. Now, the hope of the managers is that the idea of Municipal Services go forward. In principle, there will be a Local Government Board that should include the modification of the assignment of use. "We will be expectant, since in other occasions we have met with the City Council and they have promised us improvements that have not arrived yet," lamented Riquelme. Watch video.
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Activities Museums I.
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Activities Museums II.
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Activities Museums III.
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Activities on the MAVA. FUSION.
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With the aim of publicizing the new talents and values of Spanish contemporary jewelry, Fusión was born, the first national creative jewelry with glass contest, organized by Fundesarte and the Alcorcón Museum of Art in Glass - MAVA. Fusión intends to offer a representative sample of this artisan sub-sector and bring together in a single exhibition young consecrated talents and artists who work around a material as versatile as glass. Likewise, it seeks to promote synergies and collaborations between artisans from different fields.
They are invited to participate in the call for creators of jewelry made mostly of glass, understood as jewelry all those unique pieces, with sculptural and artistic concept, susceptible to be used as an ornament for the human body, regardless of market trends .
www.mava.es and www.fundesarte.org, until 00:00 hours on February 24, 2018. The opening of the exhibition will coincide with the European Handicrafts Days (April 6 to 8, 2018), promoted in Spain by Fundesarte.
Throughout three days, hundreds of free activities throughout Spain will bring visitors the work of ceramics, basket makers, luthiers, jewelers, blacksmiths and many other crafts, often The proposals will be unknown to the general registered by completing the public. form available on the web Consult the complete bases pages of the organizers: in the attached document. Each author can propose as many pieces as he wishes, although the selection committee will choose up to a maximum of three per author.
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Cirilo Rodríguez Award.
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The Association of Journalists of Segovia has called the Cirilo Rodríguez Prize, which this year reaches its XXXIV edition. The first jury meeting will take place on April 10, and three finalists will have to be chosen from among the candidates received.
ceremony, on May 17, will be held the 'XI Global Journalism Conference', in collaboration with the campus 'María Zambrano' of the University of Valladolid, which this year will be dedicated to ethics in journalism.
(ANIGP-TV), in an act in collaboration with the Junta de Castilla and León, where the awards will also be presented. The award is endowed with 6,000 euros for the winner and 1,000 euros for each of the finalists.
All of them will receive a The Quintanar Palace will piece of glass with an host the exhibition with original design from the the works of the winners The second meeting will Real Fábrica de Cristales and finalists of the be held on May 18 and de La Granja. National Photojournalism will coincide with the Awards, organized by the The prize is sponsored by award ceremony at the the Diputación de National Association of Parador de Turismo. Segovia, the City of Press and Television One day before the award Graphic Informers Segovia and Bankia.
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Biot International Glass festival.
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The French city of Biot wants to create an important event to promote the glass trade. This event, the Biot International Glass Festival, is organized in close collaboration with the artists and artisans of Biot glass. His knowledge of the arts and glass business, his participation in specialized networks and his participation in similar events at a national and international level make his collaboration an important asset. This festive event will take place from Friday, September 21 to Sunday, September 23, 2018 in Biot. This first edition will aim to bring together professionals, artists and artisans around the same passion, to promote crafts in Biot and especially glass for the general public. Several activities will be scheduled during the three days. An Exhibition
and Sale will take place in the Paul Gilardi room, and will include some thirty glass artists' stalls. The Biot History and Ceramics Museum will present a retrospective exhibition that highlights Biot's knowledge in glass manufacturing. Workshops and demonstrations will be offered in the village to present the art of glass to young and old. Film screenings and conferences for connoisseurs and glass lovers will enrich the program. In addition, each Biot artist will open his workshop to carry out demonstrations and will be integrated into guided tours. Finally, Glass Art Cooking ™ will allow the public to discover an exceptional artistic and culinary experience. During the Festival and until the end of the year, an International
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Exhibition will be opened in the Municipal Exhibition Halls free of charge. The works of French and European glass artists selected by a jury and the works of international artists invited to this first edition will be the highlight of the Festival. The activities: An exhibition and sale of about 30 glass artists (in the Paul Gilardi Hall, free admission). An international exhibition composed of works of artists selected by a jury and works of invited artists (in the municipal exhibition halls). Demonstrations and animations in the streets of the town. To participate, all you have to do is complete the file and the requested documents before April 16, 2018: > Candidate dossier > The regulation
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Alex Añó. Secrets of blown glass.
February 2018
I am working, I let myself be carried more by the heart. I also have a piece with color and slightly more aggressive lines, like some bottle-vases with spikes, but now I'm going through a bit lighter for a moment", he says.
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That creative freedom, the absolute control of the whole production process and the power to recover with his work pieces that have a lot of relation with the old laboratory instruments, get this contemporary artisan to stay firm in his work. An activity that draws from the orders and own production that he calls "autoencargos" and that he sells in his own online store and in select points of sale. From materialsoul.com.
yourself to it, you discover The lack of knowledge about that what you have achieved the techniques of glass has nothing to do with that production and the lack of first version. It's even good interest in knowing how to when you're wrong. I think transmit such materials as it's wonderful to be surprised elasticity, brightness or by the development of the transparency to a material work, "says this passionate like this make this craft glass. specialty one of the great unknown among handicrafts. His pieces, which now approach the best moment However, when one of these of minimalism for its delicate objects inexorably demands and simple beauty, hide in our attention, the moment their own words a language has arrived to discover the of their own. "It is basic that magnificence of its finish or each of your works transmit the delicate contour of its something, and that is forms. achieved when you are Alex Añó knows better than developing a work that you like and where you allow anyone. He has been yourself to do what you working with Pyrex borosilicate for more than 15 want," says Alex. years and is still surprised when he manages to print some of that special magic that makes them unique. "I am always surprised with the results, because many times you have a small sketch of what you want to do and, when you put
"The technique of blown glass is special; It takes a lot of experience to do it thoroughly and, therefore, I also believe that my pieces have a plus. I am not a producer to use; I prefer to do more personal things and not depend on a market need, although this circumstance leads me not to have a huge catalog or to form a great team under the Vidrebufat brand", says Alex. We can not forget that the market also caters to fashions and trends more or less created and that requires new approaches and a more differentiated offer.
For this reason, Alex is researching the introduction Jugs, glasses, bottles, of new materials such as glasses ... of light lines, but wood into his works, an with a very contemporary option that allows him to and current air, are part of its create different products. "I most recent production. just want to do beautiful "Now I'm more focused on things, that can be useful and simpler forms, with a more that transmit something," he organic look. Normally, when says.
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Scientific glass blower.
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He says the technique is simple. That is learned in just a few hours. It is the practice that requires days, months, years of work. Manuel Fernández Linde, Asturian of 34 years, is one of the few, very few scientific glass blowers that exist in Spain. They do not reach twenty in the whole country and in ten years, he calculates, half will be left when they retire those who have more time in this particular profession that has both artisanal and ancestral. He is one of the youngest. For a couple of years he has been working for the University of Oviedo. Before it was in the Alicante. No one in his family or in his environment had been a glassblower.
"Sometimes they are very strange things" that he is not always able to carry out in the workshop that he occupies, located between the Faculty of Biology and the Severo Ochoa building and that lacks a mechanized lathe as those of the universities of Zaragoza do. or Alicante, benchmarks in the practice of glass blowing.
different sizes or flasks. Very specific pieces that sometimes do not even exist in the catalog.
It happened recently, when they asked for a capsule four centimeters long that recreates an inert atmosphere inside.
In addition, he is in charge of making pieces that are much cheaper by making them in his workshop than buying them from the only manufacturer in Spain. «For example, pieces that sell for 300 euros, I can make them for 70», illustrates.
"Before closing it, I had to introduce a metal, a type of steel, to study its behavior in that atmosphere", says Fernández Linde, who, by working between reaction flasks, chromatographic columns and all kinds of scientific instruments, has gone amateur chemistry.
"In that case I have to look for how to do it and make it work. That is more important than how it is going to be, "he says. From two months to a few days
Much of his workday also devotes to repair laboratory equipment deteriorated by its use.
However, the savings for the University of Oviedo in this With a blowtorch, brass chapter, Fernandez Linde blades, a blade with diamond Fernández Linde came to the calculates, can reach "up to cut and a caliber is shaping the profession "out of curiosity" two thousand percent". scientific instruments required and was formed by watching An economic saving and also by the research staff of the videos and consulting many of time, since he can deliver in catalogs of scientific material. University. days what, entrusting it to the 90% of its workload comes His studies of Building and manufacturer, it can take two from the Faculty of Chemistry, Civil Works provided him with months to reach the research but also assumes basic notions to make plans staff. that now come to him very well commissions from companies No wonder so much of the when he has to translate into a and even private chemistry university community was paper what the researchers of enthusiasts. mobilized a few months ago to the University of Oviedo ask They are mostly schlenk, get their position stabilized. him for their work. chromatography columns of
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The School of Glass of Berazategui.
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The School of Glass of the Argentine Municipality of Berazategui, the only one of its kind in all of South America, began to restore the windows of the Nuestra Señora de Luján church, located on 24th and 148th Street, of the historic Buenos Aires neighborhood of San Francisco. The restoration includes twelve old stained glass windows of the church of Our Lady of Luján, which at the request of the parish itself will be valued through the grisaille technique, one of the many methodologies taught to students who attend this educational establishment. In charge of the same teachers, the work will be carried out in stages and will be extended throughout the year. "The stained glass windows of the Parroquia Nuestra Señora de Luján (built in 1895) are more than a century old and are not national, because during those years in Argentina glass was not made, but came from Europe, generally from Spanish labor or Italian And they are painted with
European lustres, very nice, but they are already quite damaged by the passage of time, "laments Margarita Pino, teacher and director of the Municipal School of Glass of Berazategui, whose work will consist of revamping the windows with enamels of colors (the parish has a particular preference for blues) or with grisaille, one of the oldest techniques and that exists in stained glass since the early Middle Ages. FIRST DISARM However, the first step of the specialists will be to know the original state of each of these pieces, removing the lead and paint. "Once we remove the stained glass windows, we bring them to the School and we 'clean' them through the oven, where we expose them to a temperature of approximately 350 °, in order to burn the paint without affecting the glass, which will be totally virgin "Explains Pino, who is very enthusiastic about the project.
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"I love this challenge and it makes me very happy that we are the ones chosen to carry it forward. In addition, as an institution, we are proud to collaborate with the community through our work and a technique that we teach as teachers. So the expectations are many, "he says. A UNIQUE SCHOOL IN THE REGION The Municipal School of Glass of Berazategui is unique in South America and operates in the San Francisco Municipal Complex, located on 23rd and 149th streets. His work on the treatment of this material distinguishes the district, both in Argentina and abroad. Currently, he grants the title of Artistic Glass Technician (2-year career) and provides workshops on the discipline at various levels, such as Molded and thermoformed, Lighting screens, Glass painting, Glass screen printing, Thermofusion, Thermofusion for jewelry and Stained glass.
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The Roman glass in museums in Madrid (XXXV).
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Eduardo Alonso Cereza
In turn, when you wanted to Raising or lowering the pipe, place a foot to the container, could in turn direct the this was achieved by adding distribution of the most fluid a new puntel inside the base glass that was inside the to hold the piece that was bubble and arranged in this now turned upside down. way the thickness of the Then with the help of the walls in different parts of the blow pipe a small portion of body of the piece that was glassy mass was added just being manufactured. at the point where the first Then this little inflated mass puntel had been placed. or "bulb" was throttled, After the pipe was blown out turning it quickly between the and turning the piece, this two ends of pliers or tongs, second small bulb was and while separating it from opened again and the base the blow pipe, an iron rod that would hold the container called "puntel" was fixed on was shaped. it. of the bulb and on the side Finally, with a special tool, opposite the blow hole. the puntel was beaten and, Then, turning the bulb again like the piece of newly with the puntel, the form was manufactured glass, it had again given. The end or already cooled almost rounded mouth of the completely, getting a certain container thus obtained, was strength and rigidity, it was achieved by cutting the easily detached from the excess glass and smoothing puntel. the burr that was heated Then it was taken to the again.
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oven on a long fork to proceed to the total cooling of it. that was done in a special part of it and could last up to a day or more. When the piece had cooled down completely, the burr that had been left at the junction point with the puntel was broken, leaving in that place a small circular sign that indicates that the piece has been blown. Immediately, some carved decoration could now also be made in the container. A perhaps more perfect way of achieving a certain type of objects by means of the technique of blown glass was also the use of special molds, as we have seen it was done also during the previous stage. With these molds the desired shape and decorations could be given to the container.
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N E W S (I).
• Works in the MAVA. adapt its facilities to house fifty works donated by the collector Sandro Pezzolli, which will be exhibited permanently in the town.
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David Pérez, Mayor of Alcorcón has announced that a renovation of the
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Perez has highlighted that these glass works, belonging to the Bellini & Pezzoli collection, are valued at "approximately one million euros" and that they will be shared with the city of Milan in a "great Municipal Museum of Art in gesture of generosity on the part of the author" (?) Glass of Alcorcón (MAVA) will soon be undertaken to
Culture 2018.
Last January we visited the Prado Museum again to see the exhibition dedicated to Mariano Fortuny. The Museo Nacional del Prado presents the exhibition in its two most important rooms in the expansion of the Museum. It is the first time that the Prado addresses an
anthological exhibition of this outstanding artist, a good part of whose masterpieces he preserves thanks to the generous legacies of Ramón de Errazu and Mariano Fortuny and Madrazo, son of the painter, and purchases made by the Museum itself .
painter's best contribution is presented. Mariano Fortuny was a true renovator in all the plots of the art he cultivated.
In oil painting, his precise, colorful and brilliant technique allowed him a new approach to nature, As in other monographic especially in the capture of exhibitions carried out by the light. Prado, a review of the
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N E W S (II).
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Vitrum 2019.
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February 2018
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The 21st edition of Vitrum, an international trade fair for the glass sector, will take place from 1 to 4 October 2019 in Milan, at the Fiera Milano Rho exhibition center. The direction of the •
contest has already made public the official dates of Vitrum 2019, the international exhibition specialized in machinery, equipment and systems for flat and hollow glass and in products processed for the industry.
In short, updates and news about the 2019 call will be available on the Vitrum website. In this direction you can also see some highlights of the recently concluded edition of Vitrum 2017.
Vitralls Bonet. of 2018. Last year they worked on the construction of a modernist stained glass window and this year they will set up a stained glass window designed by the Scottish artist E.A.Taylor, originally built by the Rigalt i Granell workshop. In this link you can see the process of moving the workshop after 95 years in the same facilities.
Vitralls Bonet will participate You will find them in the in the Candelera fair in Molins Construction Show. de Rei. The days 3 and 4 of February www.amigosmava.org
And here a final goodbye to the historic workshop of the Gracia neighborhood.
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The glass in Museums: Witrazu.
Our web
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February 2018
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It is a cultural institution in Krakow that combines a stained glass workshop (Krakowski Zakład Witrażów SG Żelenski) and a museum organized around it.
Part of the legacy of the Witrażów factory in Krakow is a rich archive containing many sketches, drawings, handmade glass designs and finished works.
It is located in a historic tenement house in al. Zygmunt Krasiński 23
It is the richest collection in Poland related to the art of stained glass.
The Stained Glass Museum was founded in 2004 by Piotr Ostrowski.
The museum also organizes temporary exhibitions and deals with the promotion of It is the result of an innovative concept called contemporary glass. a living museum. It is located in a building erected in 1906-1907 on This means that the the initiative of Stanisław space available for visitors is intertwined with Gabriel Żeleński, the a stained glass workshop owner of the Plant.
design, it still reflects the atmosphere of the study of the beginning of the century. The art of stained glass was then incomparably more popular than today, and the main creators of the era of young Poland used this form. The company cooperated with other artists such as Stanisław Wyspiański, Józef Mehoffer, Henryk Uziembło, Wojciech Jastrzębowski and Stefan Matejko.
In 2016, as part of the mission to popularize the Polish stained glass heritage, the Museum that still works, in which Żeleński designed the artists constantly work on house in such a way that undertook the new works. it was better suited to the reconstruction of the outstanding work of needs of the stained As part of the visit, you Stanisław Wyspiański can learn step by step the glass workshop, and in entitled Apollo Spętany. whole process of creating this task he was assisted by the famous Krakow The aim of the project is a stained glass window architect Ludwik to recreate as much as and see how the work Wojtyczko. possible the stained glass looks in the current windows damaged during projects. That is why the the Second World War The museum also has a museum's headquarters and make them available is a worldwide pure exhibition space to the public. phenomenon, and thanks consisting of historical to maintaining the interior and contemporary design and original achievements. www.amigosmava.org
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Recycling. Spanish recycles.
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February 2018
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Ecovidrio commemorates the 20th Anniversary of its management in 2018 at the head of the glass container waste recycling system in Spain, developed after the approval of Law 11/1997 on Containers and Packaging Waste. Since then, the container model has guaranteed a public, universal and complete service to the citizen and has managed to reach an estimated recycling rate of glass containers of 73% 1 in 2017, which is double that of the year 2000 (31.3%) and , exceeds by more than 10 points, the current requirements of the European Union in this matter. In this period, thanks to the collaboration of packaging companies, public administrations, citizens and hoteliers, the entity has managed to recycle more than 11 million tons of waste glass containers, which means that each Spanish has recycled an average of almost 1,000 packaging in the last 20 years. The recycling of glass containers is a key element to avoid overexploitation of resources and fight against climate change. In this sense, the recycling of glass containers in these 20 years has prevented the emission of 7 million tons of CO2 into the atmosphere, the equivalent of removing almost 2 million vehicles from circulation for a year. In addition, it has prevented the extraction of more than 13 million tons of raw materials and
has managed to save more than 24,000 million MWh of energy, equivalent to the electricity consumption of all hospitals in Spain for 4 years. The entity guarantees selective collection and high quality recycling through the container. The results show that only a model such as Extended Producer Responsibility (SCRAP) is capable of meeting regulatory requirements and providing a complete service, that is, that all citizens can recycle all containers throughout the national territory.
ordinances that effectively regulate that large generators comply with their obligation to separate at source or the implementation of incentive measures that reward the commitment of citizens and hoteliers.
The origins of glass recycling go back to the 80s when the glass industry began to worry about energy savings and the sustainability of its production processes. The arrival of the first containers in Madrid and Barcelona dates from 1982. The first installation took place on February 1, 1982 in the The Horizon 2020 Strategic Plan Moratalaz neighborhood of of Ecovidrio aims to comfortably Madrid, which was attended by exceed the European Mayor Enrique Tierno GalvĂĄn, requirements in terms of who already spoke about recycling, which are currently education and citizen under development. For this, the collaboration and the need to entity has committed avoid wasting resources. investments for 330 million euros that will increase the number of Ecovidrio started its activity in containers, strengthen 1998 after the approval of the awareness actions aimed at the Packaging and Packaging Waste hospitality sector and citizens, Ly, which established the and implement new technologies principle of extended to improve the efficiency and responsibility of the producer, effectiveness of operations. responsible for financing through the Green Spot - the Likewise, Ecovidrio works to recycling of the glass containers promote co-responsibility of it sells. public administrations and promote the implementation of Since then, the container park complementary measures, has progressively expanded to related to the model, which have the 220,000 that are scattered proved their effectiveness in throughout the geography. This many European countries such figure makes Spain one of the as: the increase in dumping best containerized countries in rates, the fifth container to Europe with a green igloo for promote recycling of organic every 220 inhabitants. matter, the implementation of
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In this section we detail the activities which take place this month, corresponding to the cultural visits related to the glass and outputs that we as provided in the program CULTURE 2018.
• Cultural visits.
Este mes de febrero asistiremos a la inauguración de la nueva exposición del artista Pedro García. La exposición “Pliegues”, que ya se pudo visitar en Valdepeñas, en la sala de exposiciones de Correos, en Madrid, y en el MAVA, se muestra ahora en la sala de exposiciones del Coliseo de la Cultura del municipio madrileño de Villaviciosa de Odón.
Volume II — Number 107
February 2018
• Our activities.
• CULTURE 2018 program.
Sorolla and fashion
that aims to show the relationships between This February we will Sorolla's painting and visit the Sorolla Museum fashion from the years to see the Sorolla 1890 to 1920, a moment exhibition and fashion. of extreme elegance and The Sorolla Museum and sophistication in clothing. the Thyssen Museum The exhibition brings host the Sorolla together paintings from exhibition and fashion museums and private www.amigosmava.org
collections together with an outstanding collection of period dresses and accessories, with valuable pieces also lent by important institutions and private collections and many of them unpublished.
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Prize to Pilar Alonso Abad.
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February 2018
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The Social Council of the University of Burgos has valued in the sixth edition of its awards the work done by the researcher María Pilar Alonso Abad, two professors of the Faculty of Sciences, 13 members of the Administration and Services Staff and 9 students of the different centers of the academic institution of Burgos. On February 26, the awards will be presented in the Aula Magna of the Hospital del Rey. The work of Pilar Alonso Abad "The stained glass of the Cathedral of Burgos", winner in this contest, was published as a scientific edition of the CSIC, after three years of research. It is a study and catalog raisonné of all the set of stained glass windows of the Seo Burgos, which holds "one of the most outstanding glassworks of the Iberian Peninsula." The publication awarded by the Social Council addresses from an
Mª Pilar Alonso Abad, professor of the Area of History of Art (specialist in Heritage in Glass), is a doctor in Humanities, director of International Courses at the University of Burgos, Erasmus Mundus Coordinator Master in ARCHaeological Mathematics Science (ARCHMAT) at the University de Burgos, secretary of the Section of "Art, Archeometry and interdisciplinary approach Heritage" of the Spanish of the Sciences and the Society of Ceramics and Humanities, the Glass and member of the conservation and Ernst Herzfeldrestoration of the glazier Gesellschaft Society for set, a compendium of the the investigation of documentary and Islamic Art and bibliographical sources Archeology. and of the study of the The Social Council materials that constitute the stained glass, as well wanted to highlight the as the analysis of all the work of the "Instrumental processes of intervention, Analysis" group of the University of Burgos, one conservation and of the leading groups restoration and of the worldwide in the techniques of study and development of intervention of the spectoeletrochemical materials. techniques, which The germ of the study received the CIDETEC was the restoration of the Scientific Research Prize rosette of the door of the in 2014, with a second Sarmental, between 1997 prize , for the research and 1998 by the Burgos work on ram spectrometry workshop of Vidrieras entitled: 'Simultaneous Barrio, which was joined UV Visible Absorption and by the Institute of Raman Ceramics and Glass Spectroelectrochemistry'. (CSIC), the Institute of Professors Álvaro Colina History (CSIC), the and Aránzazu Heras are Institute of Materials experts and researchers Science of Aragon in one of the most (CSIC), and also the important instrumentation Laboratory Hercules, and scientific knowledge Herança Cultural, techniques. Estudos e Salvaguarda de Portugal.
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Other trends. The museums in the 21st century.
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February 2018
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What does the future hold for museums? Will it still make sense to discover masterpieces first hand in times of prevailing virtualization? Should art centers go to a select minority or aspire to continue expanding their audience? Those in charge of the main art institutions from all over the world met in Paris to answer these types of questions. They analyzed the challenges reserved for a century marked by new technologies, dwindling budgets and the diversification of the voices that participate in the conversation of art.
everyone should tell the same history of art. "A museum should not tend towards an ideal collection that does not exist, but build from its uniqueness, its contexts, its mistakes and its history," said Blistène. "It would be ridiculous to see how museums are homogenized to respond to a definition that, in reality, we should deconstruct: that of modern art. We have to rethink the initial model. "
On the development model chosen by the Parisian museum, which has opened branches in Metz and Malaga and will open two more in Brussels and Shanghai - while it is already looking at Latin America in the face of This unusual conclave, organized by the Louis Vuitton Foundation of Paris, the sixth - Blistène affirmed that these brought together the heads of the Tate implementations can not be just one way to enhance the brand of the in London, the Pompidou Center in museum, but also the opportunity to Paris, the MoMA in New York, the LACMA in Los Angeles, the Hermitage develop "specific models" from the Museum in Saint Petersburg or Reina peculiarities of each site and in dialogue with the local scene. Sofia of Madrid. All of them debated about the future prospects facing the institutions they lead. The director of the Tate, Maria Balshaw, first woman in charge of that British institution, said to be interested in "the way in which a museum can change the world", in a context marked by "the Brexit and the social and economic inequalities that this He has reminded us. " Balshaw advocated institutions that are not only spaces designed for an aesthetic experience, but also for political action. As an example, he highlighted a recent exhibition in the Tate Britain about the art of homosexual themes throughout history, from the funds of the museum. "We should not tell the public what to think, but we do have a social obligation to clarify things. We must give him keys with which they can open the bolt of their doors, "said Balshaw. The director of the Center Pompidou, Bernard Blistène, protested against the increasing standardization of museums and warned that not
Metropolitan's recent decision to charge non-New York visitors, was another topic of debate. "Of course, it's an attractive and desirable idea, but probably impossible. Why is it usually considered that we have to pay for theater or opera, but not to enter a museum? Why is it equated with a public library? "Lowry denounced. In spite of everything, several interveners called to democratize their access. "A visit to MoMA costs $ 25 per person. If you go as a couple and you add a coffee, a postcard and a catalog, it is not difficult to reach 100. There is a prohibition on cost, and another cultural. It is still believed that the museum is the domain of the most educated and prosperous people of any culture, "said the conservative head of MOCA Los Angeles, Helen Molesworth.
The director of the Reina Sofia, Manuel Borja-Villel, contributed a different point For his part, the director of the MoMA, of view. It defined a compulsory framework in which every museum Glenn Lowry, defined the museum of must operate in this stage of history: the 21st century as "a laboratory". "the one that imposes neoliberalism". That is to say, "a place of hypothesis, experiments and possible failures". He "This has a very specific characteristic: said he was in favor of having "a more the search for the economic benefit of everything. Today any experience is metabolic collection that changes at likely to become a commodity. That the same pace as art itself". He uttered other surprising words. "Lately, conditions us to those who we work with knowledge, "he explained after the I have disinterested in the concept of symposium. For Borja-Villel, prioritizing the collection. It's important to use it, "the short-term accounting benefit" has but not more than to think about what an effect on the programming of stories have to be told and what museums, in which the retrospectives cadences should be emphasized, of great masters, capable of attracting "Lowry said. a mass audience, increasingly "If you do not have works by women of predominate. "We have to rethink the the early twentieth century or Africanblockbuster model and intersperse it Americans of the middle of that with other types of exposition, so that century, borrow them. They exist out the utilitarian reason does not there, "he said. The director of the predominate over the creative one, it is Harlem Studio Museum, Thelma necessary to resist and turn around a Golden, reminded her that "the system that impoverishes us", adds purchase of a work is an act of Borja-Villel. "We are a public service, legitimation" for artists marginalized by like in a hospital, you have to go out official history. Lowry replied that "the better than what you have entered in. affirmative commitment to expose" is You must have learned something and more important than "the affirmative acquired a little sensitivity, if the visitor power to acquire." comes in, takes a selfie and leaves, we will not have contributed much to its The debate about the gratuity of art improvement. " centers, reopened after the
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Stained glass windows restored in Soller.
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February 2018
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In a concelebrated Mass, the Bishop of Mallorca praised the work carried out over the months to recover some pieces that date from the beginning of the 20th century and that had suffered an important deterioration.
detached from their place The restoration has and some sets had bulged followed a scrupulous process, as they are part of inwards. a façade that, since 2003, In addition to the poor state is protected as an Asset of of conservation of the Cultural Interest with a stained-glass windows, monument category. both the rosette and the sandstone structure of the From 1909 stained glass windows had The Sant Bartomeu rose It is about the stained glass also suffered damage, to window is 7'4 meters in windows and the rosette of the point that numerous diameter and finished in the Church of San cracks had appeared in its 1909 and cost 5,000 Bartomeu, in Sóller. structure. pesetas. The bishop invited the The restoration work has It represents the image of parishioners to turn in the lasted for six months and Mary Queen of the Martyrs, direction of the stained has involved an investment while the rosettes represent glass windows and, from of 120,000 euros that has part of the Gospel and the the center of the parish, the been paid by the Bishopric churches of the West and bishop, equipped with the of Mallorca. East respectively. acetre and the isopo, The renovation was carried Its design is attributed to launched holy water with out by the architect Joan the architect Antonio Rubió, which the stained glass Soler, the restorer María disciple of the also architect windows were officially Carbonell, the diocesan Antonio Gaudí, of which the consecrated. surveyor, Bartomeu modernist group of the The lateral stained glass Bennàssar and the master parish facade of Sant windows and the central glaziers José Luís Moreno Bartomeu de Sóller is the rosette of the façade had and Andrea Castillo. work. suffered an important The restoration work on The restoration process deterioration due to the the stone was carried out has been followed so that it passage of time. by Sebastià Amengual. is not visible to the eye. So much so that some pieces of glass had www.amigosmava.org
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Technological Museum of Monterrey.
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February 2018
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The exhibition will be exhibited at the Technological Museum of Monterrey (Mexico) located at 4 North No. 5 Center until March 3, 2018, with a schedule from Monday to Saturday from 10 am to 7 pm and Sunday from 10 am to 6 pm. Free entry.
technique, offers viewers that they attend the rooms that house this collection, colorful works, where landscapes and feelings stand out. Of Essence Vitrea and the artist
exhibition, paintings of the maguey series are exhibited showing the versatility of the artist whose theoretical basis does not depart from design as functionality. As for its creator, Gina Grasa learned in the nineties the art of leaded glass, she works with a decorative sense and her pieces are transportable.
Important to say that the art of stained glass is a millenary tradition that Presenting its autumnhas had moments of winter exhibition season, flowering, the last being the Technological the period of Art Nouveau As a designer, she starts Museum of Monterrey, and Decó in Mexico, in with a categorical (ITESM), offers within the the first decades of 1900. distinction between art framework of temporary and design. Now comes back from exhibitions, the sample the hand of industrial "In art you can experiment Vitrea Essence, which designer Gina Grasa, freely with the technique, can be admired until where you can see more in the design, not in the March 3, 2018. than 20 pieces of art you do not affect the Bidding for different furniture art, whose user, in the design you proposals, this time is essence is the glass that should consider it". shown with the temporary account for the His work represents this exhibition Essence Vitrea, ornamental and aesthetic dilemma, the figurative a little used art, but of ability of the material. freedom and the user's great value and warmth In addition to awareness in the artistic by its creator and artist process. Gina Grasa, who from its accompanying the
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Iranian prehistoric glass.
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February 2018
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A research team from the University of Isfahan, in Iran, has analyzed in the ALBA synchrotron of Barcelona the composition of some old Iranian glasses of more than 4,000 years ago. These decorative pieces were found in the ziggurat of Chogha-Zanbil, a pyramidal temple declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. The analyzes were performed on more than 100 different points of the objects and determined that the glass contains calcite, cristobalite and gypsum. The ziggurats, characteristic of Mesopotamian architecture, are stone temples in the form of a stepped pyramid built thousands of years ago where the deities lived. However, Chogha-Zanbil, located near Susa (Iran), is one of the few ziggurats that are exceptionally outside the area that occupied ancient Mesopotamia. In other times, ChoghaZanbil was known as Dur Untaš and was considered a sacred city by the Elamite kingdom, an ancient
civilization established in the Finally they have discovered southwest of present-day that the glass also contains Iran. wollastonite and zeolite A (a silicate of aluminum and In order to discover the dehydrated silver), materials chemical composition of that would be responsible for these unique samples, which the surface brilliance of the include ceramic pieces and pieces. metallurgical crucibles, an Iranian scientific team It is the first time that the moved to the ALBA ancient glasses of ChoghaSynchrotron, in Cerdanyola Zanbil are studied from the del Vallès (Barcelona) to chemical point of view. With analyze them by X-ray this information you can learn powder diffraction in the light more about the glass line MSPD. manufacturing process and reconstruct the technological The analyzes were knowledge of this ancient performed on more than 100 civilization. different points of the objects. The synchrotron This study has been light has allowed developed within the researchers to obtain high framework of a collaboration resolution diffraction agreement between the patterns, from which they ALBA Synchrotron and the have been able to deduce Institute for Research in the exact composition of Fundamental Sciences of both the clay base of the Iran. pieces and their part of the During the construction of the glass. future Iranian synchrotron Scientists have been able to (ILSF - Iranian Light Source determine that the glass Facility), ALBA welcomes contains calcite, cristobalite scientists from Iran to receive and gypsum. Also, the main training and conduct ambition of the investigation experiments in order to was to know the reason for exchange knowledge in the the brilliant effect of the areas of particle accelerators glass surface of the objects. and applications of synchrotron light.
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Chinese glass bridges.
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February 2018
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Tourist attractions in mountainous areas have taken the habit of building transparent bridges to win the favor of adventurehungry travelers.
opened in the Pingshan district of Hebei Province. The glass structure measures 4 meters wide and joins two hills 218 meters above the ground, as tall as a 66-story building, in Last month, a glass structure Hongyagu. called "Flying Dragon in the sky" debuted at Marenqifeng Another popular tourist in Wuhu, Anhui Province. His destination in the center of administration catalogs it as China, Zhangjiajie, has a a high-tech bridge that similar project of 430 meters "combines cultural elements long and 6 meters wide at with a unique experience". 300 meters high. "There is a dragon made of reinforced plastic fiber on both sides of the bridge with smoke coming out of their mouths," exclaimed a local employee.
given rise to very popular videos on social networks with travelers crying, laughing and lying on the floor, and even reluctant to move. However, the phenomenon has also caused some rejection. In the city of Anqing in Anhui, a glass platform was erected on a giant rock as the main attraction in the Jushi Mountains and some claim that such a project could damage the natural landscape of the area.
According to La Revista de la Tierra, publication of the Geological Museum of China, there were more than Yimu, a tour guide of 60 glass bridges in operation experience, pointed out that until November 2016. the taste for these bridges "The bridge also has LED must yield. In 2017, others appeared, lights on the surface and particularly in the mountain "It is understandable to add when visitors walk on it, the provinces such as Jiangxi, new elements to traditional team shows images and Hunan and Yunnan. points of interest, but it is emits broken glass sounds," also important not to These areas have at least he revealed. "It's very damage them," he said. five of these works on exciting." average. "Walking on a "Instead of following the The construction is 388 transparent bridge is trend with eyes closed, the meters long, at a height of fascinating and at the same authorities should consider 180 meters above ground time stressful," said Jinxiang, allocating more funds to level between two mountains a resident of Hefei, capital of improve the tourism in Marenqifeng, a national Anhui. infrastructure in these forest park. "You get nervous with every places." Last month, a 488-meterstep you take." The fervor for long suspension bridge was these infrastructures has
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The House of the Polish.
Volume II — Number 107
February 2018
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What most feared those who promote the Declaration of Cultural Interest (BIC) of the House of the Polish, has happened. And the large amount of snow that fell in the municipality of La Granja on successive days of Twelfth Night, left such an amount of condensed water on its roof that it has completely collapsed. La Casa del Pulimento, located behind the entrance bridge to La Granja from Torrecaballeros, as soon as you have the architectural documentation to be declared an Asset of Cultural Interest (BIC).
of Friends of Glass in La Granja' goes ahead with the intention of being declared BIC. "Now we have to work harder and invest more money", says its president, Ricardo Hernanz, who, far from being discouraged, finds in this collapse only a stone in the road. On the part of the Association the intention continues to be to obtain the opportune reports to declare this historic building as BIC and thus prevent its total collapse.
The first phase of the project, in which a survey of plans had to be carried out, has been completed and they are immersed in the second one, which is studying its soil, that is, The building, dating from the nineteenth century was tastings are being carried out. already in very poor condition and it was feared In addition, a historical that what little remained of study of the building is the roof was lost this winter being carried out. because of the snow. As it has been. The third phase will be a current study, to determine But the 'Artisticthe uses that the building Technological Association
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has had, since it is known that at the end of the 19th century it stopped belonging to the glass factory and was, among other things, a stable. Purposes of the year "All this documentation is necessary so that they can grant us the BIC and thus protect it", says Hernanz, who reveals that "the Granjeño City Council has granted them a grant of 2,000 euros, but they need a lot more". The money of the Provincial Council and the Junta de Castilla y León has not been possible in 2017, but he trusts that "by providing all the documentation, they will see that it is not a pipe dream, and we will negotiate again to obtain their help in 2018." If all goes well, ditches Hernanz, "all documentation will be available in the first quarter of the year."
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How does it.
Volume II — Number 107
February 2018
This month we include some pictures of the technique practiced by Laszlo Lukacsi.
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Loss of jobs in Leรณn.
Volume II โ Number 107
February 2018
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It was coming after last summer deepened the conflict between the company BA Glass and the Junta de Castilla y Leรณn, for denying this subsidy to new investments planned in its Leon factory, which ended with the transfer of the headquarters of the company from the capital of Leรณn to Extremadura. But now it is confirmed that Leon will also lose the nearly 90 jobs that are linked to the construction of a new furnace to manufacture glass, jobs that it seems decided that they will be created in the Extremaduran town of Villafranca de los Barros, despite that the PP had committed to build new bridges with the company.
investment of 24.4 million euros in total, but argued that legal issues and lack of detail in matters such as the hiring of disabled people, had prevented compliance with the parameters to grant a grant from Europe. Although the counselor also promised to maintain contacts and to grant aid for this planned investment. A commitment to which the mayor of Leon, Antonio Silvรกn, also leader of the regional PP prosecutors in the Cortes, to get away from the criticism of the opposition, especially the UPL but also the socialists.
accused those who feared the loss of employment. "While some speak others we work", said the mayor while saying that the employment of Vidriera in Leรณn and the maintenance of the productive center was irreversible. "This attitude of the Board for everything related to the economic interests of Leon can not be described as clumsy or negligent, but responds to a perfectly designed strategy from Valladolid to curtail Leรณn's growth and development options, of which it is responsible only the PP of the community with the necessary connivance of his fellow Leonans more concerned about their personal political careers than the future of this land, "they say in a press release.
Silvรกn, in fact, assured that although BA Vidrio changed its The newspaper Hoy de headquarters to Extremadura, it Extremadura confirms the formal did not relocate its Leonese procedures under way to run and factory, and therefore maintained put into operation this year the the jobs, so it relied on that new UPL regrets having succeeded new furnace and two large negotiation with the Board. UPL has also regretted that the warehouses, which would close Although apparently it has not loss of employment in BA Vidrio the door definitively to Leonesse curdled. has been confirmed, as it was options to strengthen its current Now, before this new jug of cold anticipated last summer. template and production and water that allows to verify that even expand them. And he censured in passing, Leon will not grow in 90 jobs in The political controversy was the Leonese factory, has already through the mouth of his immediate after knowing the total provoked new and angry critics. secretary general and attorney, disagreement of the company, As the Socialist Group in the City that this impact was denied by the Junta de Castilla y Leรณn, heiress of the Vidriera Leonesa, of Leรณn, whose councilor, to the point that in the Vicente Canuria, Silvรกn claims to denying that the relocation of the headquarters would mean any celebration of the anniversary of clarify now what will happen to change in the current situation of his 50 years in Leรณn, which took the jobs of the window that he place last year, the company did guaranteed half a year ago and the Leรณn plant. not invite No representative of now, according to the company, For Luis Mariano Santos "it is the Junta de Castilla y Leรณn, will be established in Badajoz paradoxical and lamentable to while openly criticizing his lack of observe that the same answer involvement with the investment The anger of the PSOE with that Oriol Junqueras and the Silvรกn projects he was trying to Catalan separatists gave to develop. The PSOE recalls that before the explain the null importance of the allegations of the relocation of change of domicile of the Catalan Specifically, and as the Minister one of the main companies companies before the process, is of Economy Pilar del Olmo later based in Leรณn for the lack of the same answer that Pilar del admitted, BA Vidrio had support from the Board, Antonio Olmo gives us the situation of Ba requested an economic aid of Silvรกn played down all Glass Spain ". 7.3 million euros for its Leon importance and, moreover, factory to undertake an
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Glass in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Volume II — Number 107
February 2018
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Glass was produced in sub -Saharan Africa centuries before the arrival of Europeans, a finding that for its authors represents a new chapter in the history of glass technology.
there were seen for many years as evidence that the imported glass was remelted and reworked. "
eastern Mediterranean, the Middle East, and Asia. In contrast, the pearls have a composition of high lime and high alumina content (HLHA) that reflects local geology and raw materials, the researchers said.
However, 10 years ago this idea was questioned when the analysis of glass beads Abidemi Babatunde attributed to Ile-Ife showed Babalola, from Rice that some had a chemical The excavations provided University, lead author of composition very different evidence that the the research, published in from that of known glass production of glass in Igbo the Journal of production areas. Olokun dates from the Archaeological Science, The researchers raised the eleventh to the fifteenth found evidence of early possibility of local century, long before the glassmaking during production at Ife, although arrival of Europeans along archaeological excavations there was a lack of direct the coast of West Africa. at Igbo Olokun, located on evidence for the Babalola said that the the northern periphery of manufacture of glass and presence of HLHA glass in Ile-Ife in the southwest its chronology. other important early sites from Nigeria. "Igbo Olokun's excavations in West Africa suggests that Recovered more than have provided that it was widely marketed. 12,000 glass beads and evidence." He hopes that the research several kilograms of glass The researchers' analysis will shed more light on waste. of 52 glass beads from the glass innovation and "This area has been excavated assembly development in early subrecognized as a glass revealed that none Saharan Africa and how the workshop for more than a corresponded to the regional dynamics in glass century," said Babalola. " chemical composition of production is connected to The containers and beads any other known area of the global phenomenon of with glass incrustations glass production in the Old glass invention and that have been discovered World, including Egypt, the interchange.
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Barbosa thinks to grow.
Volume II — Number 107
February 2018
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hoy.es
The company that sells the most in Extremadura turns twenty and wishes to continue growing. The glass of Barbosa & Almeida (officially BA Glass Spain) in our territory managed to invoice 288 million euros in 2016, the last year closed, thanks to its factory in Villafranca de los Barros. In 2015, the turnover was 270 million. An industry that maintains 300 jobs in Extremadura, all fixed and distributed in five shifts, to which are added another 300 indirect, basically for the transport of the product. It is a factory that never stops. It works 365 days a year and 24 hours a day. The two ovens that create dozens of bottles every minute do not stop. The last time was nine years ago, when an obligatory revision was made due to the evident wear that this activity entails.
social and fiscal headquarters of his Spanish company in Villafranca de los Barros. Until then he was in Leon, where he has his other Spanish factory. The Portuguese business group has twelve factories and 3,800 employees in seven countries of the Old Continent. Its total turnover amounted to 800 million in the last known year. Its jewel in the crown, for productivity, is the large facility that has been located, since 1998, in the Los Varales industrial estate, next to the A -66 and the regional highway linking Villafranca with Fuente del Maestre. One step away from Portugal and, above all, from Seville, two key factors for its location in the Extremaduran community in 1998.
The ease of finding land in the second most populated municipality of the Tierra de Barros region, due to the In a few days, at most in a few weeks, facilities provided by the City Council the Portuguese group to which the of the town and the Board, and the glass company belongs must decide if fact that a considerable contract was it confirms what the papers delivered in signed with the Cruzcampo Sevillian the Board and the Town Hall of definitively pushed the Portuguese to Villafranca say: start a new expansion choose Villafranca as a point of project. It would be the second in five departure in Spain. years. All a symptom of its buoyant The BA group initiated its reality. Extremadura project with 90.15% of its "It is a leading company, very important own social capital. The rest was put by not only for Villafranca but for the public company Sofiex, which left Extremadura and where the people, the shareholding shortly after. For 20 their workers, are very comfortable", years, BA Glass has invested in summarizes Ramón Ropero, mayor Villafranca de los Barros more than villafranqués, soon. That the staff is 100 million for the manufacture and very comfortable, as the alderman marketing of glass containers. points out, is explained in another way: the factory of the Portuguese group in "Its impact on the local economy and Extremadura is tremendous and the Extremadura is the one with the best thing is that the prospects are highest productivity of BA Glass. good to continue in that line in the Barbosa & Almeida also finds an short and medium term," Ramón excellent response in Extremadura and Ropero says in statements to Diario its administrations for its development. Hoy. So much so, that last summer he made a weight decision. He located the
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The good pulse of the glass factory is based on an infinity of numbers and evidence. Even in the midst of a crisis, the company has stopped growing. While in other territories glass factories were closed, in Extremadura, Barbosa & Almeida was expanded. It happened in 2013. Five years ago it invested 40 million and led to the creation of 130 jobs to the 138 that already existed. Now, the facilities of Los Varales are located on a plot of 260,887 square meters of which the business group has 86,218 square meters. The two production halls occupy 13,800 meters. Some of its machines manage to manufacture 620 bottles per minute. In these production halls are the furnaces, made of refractory material, which process the fusion of the material at a temperature of 1,500 to 1,600 degrees. Each furnace manufactures two types of containers. On one side, beer bottles, one third, one fifth or liter. And it does it for all brewing companies. On the other hand, it creates bottles for wines, oils and cavas. Of diverse typology. For its preparation, the company uses up to 50% recycled glass as material. A notable but equally striking percentage is knowing that BA Glass manages to get three million bottles a day and a billion over a year. And 30% of this production goes to the foreign market, understanding as such the one that is outside the Iberian Peninsula. The industry also expands by another 51,000 square meters reserved for its two warehouses, where the finished products are deposited. The company of Portuguese capital competes in Spain with three other glass manufacturers, a sector with serious difficulties in the last years, except, as the facts show, for BA.
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Donation of the Giralt family.
Volume II — Number 107
February 2018
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participants in the visit, would take place. which also counted the councilor and the person in Exciting therefore the moment charge of the area, did not in which the mayor, Gema hesitate to coincide, González, and the councilor of highlighting the admiration Education and Culture, aroused by the architectural Encarnación Robles, received project that embodies this "a gift so special and that it cultural center, "that embraces entails so much affection and the old chimneys". recognition to our town on the part of this family", a gift that in And in this sense, the Giralt particular it was translated into also helped to recognize the earthenware plates stamped in correct procedure, at the municipal level, regarding the black with gallant and orientalizing motifs, very of the conservation and exhibition of Elizabethan taste, that by the the donated pieces, as can be mark that they show date back seen in the collection of utensils for pharmacy and And on this occasion, María to 1883, and another curious laboratory that can be Luisa and Pablo Giralt, piece, delivered in its day by permanently contemplated by children of Enrique Rocamora- an operator to the own Maria Giralt, last owner of the factory Luisa de Arque, which stands the public inside one of the ovens, which are located in the of which the three ovens are out to be really unique. It is a Vulcano Room. conserved, the chimneys that blue glass bottle with carved are authentic local emblem flowers, from the Giralt Laporta As well as in the arrangement and a reference around which stage, conceived as a delicate and order that is shown in the stands the House of Culture, container for beauty cream. contents of the showcases that went to the municipality Completing the tour, which did make CUMMVAL's funds accompanied by his mother, not miss the passage through visible, the Cave Museum of Maria Luisa de Arquer, who at some of the most emblematic Ceramics and Glass housed 92 years showed to waste spaces that today houses the since its creation in the old vitality and enthusiasm, and by same area where that intense vaulted warehouse in granite the two grandchildren of this, ashlars. manufacturing activity that Hugo, arrived from the United marked a milestone in the States, and Duarte, cousins future of this population, all Present and past again met at the House of Culture of the Madrid town of Valdemorillo on the occasion of a particularly emotional visit, a new meeting with members of the Giralt family that was also the best way to dismiss the year and receive a new calendar adding value and interest to the already important collection of pieces donated to the City Council of Valdemorillo as the best testimony of what is considered an important stage in the history of the municipality.
who did not know still the place.
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Page 35
Petition for Caudete.
Volume II — Number 107
February 2018
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By private initiative, a campaign to collect signatures has been launched through the change.org platform to request that the possibility of the "El Paso" farm being purchased by the Albacete City Council of Caudete be studied, and subsequently be restored. In the text of the proposal it is explained that in this building, a small palace built by Francisco Albalat Navajas, abounded a very rich decoration of Arab inspiration. However, at this time the monument is almost in ruins, and in danger of disappearing forever in its entirety if immediate restoration work is not started, which would leave without an important part of the history and monumental culture in that town. The three-storey building turns out to be a
magnificent example of neo-Mudejar eclecticism, with Arabic details. Marble macael in the floors and rich plinths of tiles brought from La Cartuja, invite you to enter the exotic central courtyard of 12 columns, decorated with abundant muqarnas, but already very deteriorated.
room and an office decorated with the Fleece that Albalat dreamed of having someday, in addition to the kitchen , pantry and cellar in the service area. Even his own oratory / chapel had this house.
Long ago had rich furniture, Louis XVI armchairs were combined with a collection The patio is covered by a of stuffed animals-owls, stained glass window that flamingos and even the reproduces a painting that heads of the bulls that were hangs from the Senate, the fought at the inauguration Surrender of Granada, and of the square of Caudete, between modernist that was one of the most valuable pieces of all those quinquĂŠs and classic watches. that were in this house, because it was made by Carved wooden frames, the Maumejean House, gold or silver with gold or although it is already silver leaf, a collection of almost impossible to antique fans and a recover. gramophone, are some of the many pieces that once Around this patio are decorated the different distributed the rooms of the owners and to receive rooms. guests, bedrooms with To sign this proposal, you dressing room and living can do it from the following room, dining room, link. bathroom, smoker, tea
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Page 36
Glass stars in the Trade Center.
Volume II — Number 107
February 2018
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The Laboratories of Childhood Creativity LABBCs, organized by the Department of Culture of the City of Segovia, close the Christmas program with a glass workshop taught by Emilio Carrasco García in the new Craft Center Segovia Artisan Guild.
Emilio Carrasco, very satisfied with the registration recorded, which has exceeded the initial forecast , and with the involvement of the assistants.
In two sessions of an hour and a half each, the small craftsmen have designed and elaborated their In the workshop 'Christmas Christmas ornaments with Fusion' 24 children glazed glasses and they between 8 and 11 years have put them in the oven old participated, who where they will finish their worked in two groups to elaboration. create their stars and glass Later they will be able to flakes. pick them up in the The artisan Emilio Department of Culture that Carrasco, with extensive organizes this activity in creative and teaching which the Segovia Artisan experience, has explained Guild has been involved. in a practical and The LABBCs Christmas entertaining way the basic children's creativity notions of this magical laboratories have offered fragile material and at the seven proposals, linked by same time hard. the fact of elaborating "We try to bring the world characteristic elements of of glass closer to children, these dates, but with to know what it is and how different materials from the it can be melted, hence the usual ones. name of the workshop Four of the seven 'Christmas Fusion," says
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laboratories have taken place in the Municipal Library-Casa de la Lectura, and the other three, in the new Artisan Center of the Segovian Artisan Guild, located on Trinidad Street, near the Carretera de Arévalo. In the House of Reading has been played with 'mutant letters', using wool to 'wrap wishes', have made rangoli decorations to meet 'New years of the world' and giving new life to recycled materials in the 'Escombrarte' session. In the center dedicated to cultivate and maintain crafts, children have woven their first carpet on a loom, thanks to the teachings of Mercedes Blanco; created beautiful felt balls, with sheep wool, water and soap, following the teachings of Mónica García Barriuso; and, together with Emilio Carrasco, they fused imagination and creative skills into Christmas stars.
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Glasses for the desert AVE.
Volume II — Number 107
February 2018
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similar technology in glass for facades, improving the quality, comfort and durability of the windows of The Aragonese company A journey that, on buildings in extreme has been responsible for December 31, a Talgo 350, climates. the development and known as "Ave del Ariño Duglass continues to manufacture of the Desierto", completed the windows of all the highfirst trip between these two bet on innovation, which has allowed the company speed trains of the 'AVE cities. to overcome the crisis del desierto' in which highThe innovation of the years and boost its growth tech glass and high Zaragoza company has thanks to the application of resistance to abrasion focused on the these innovative solutions have been included. development of high-tech in different projects in The innovations of Ariño glass and high strength to countries such as the Duglass - a company deal with abrasion, which United Kingdom, Colombia, specialized in design, is caused by the impact of Norway and the manufacture and the desert sand to circulate Netherlands, among marketing of transformed at high speed. others. glass - are once again A development for which In 2016, Ariño Duglass present in trains and at the collaboration of the closed the year with a high speed. Department of Applied turnover of more than 11 The company, based in the Physics of the University of million euros, a figure that town of La Puebla de Zaragoza has counted on is expected to be exceeded Alfindén Zaragoza, has and which will solve one of in 2017 by reaching, been responsible for the main problems planned according to forecasts, 14 developing and for the start-up of this train. million euros. manufacturing the windows In addition, this innovation of all high-speed trains, has also allowed the which will make the company to incorporate Ariño Duglass develops innovative glass for the desert AVE
journey between Medina and Mecca in Saudi Arabia.
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Page 38
Sheila Hernández.
Volume II — Number 107
February 2018
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In the manufacture of glass butterflies to decorate the house, a terrace or a commercial establishment, Sheila Hernandez is considered one of the most sought after in the Dominican capital. She began to work stained glass windows in 1990 with her sister and her husband, but ten years later became independent when they left the country. "As a name, I added Vitrales by Sheila to my company," the entrepreneur tells the elCaribe newspaper team that was interested in knowing her.
in the evening. After that I rest. "The advantage of stained glass is that it can be repaired; it can be recovered when there is an accident in the glass, "explains Sheila. The explanation is offered for those people who have a piece of broken glass and think it can not be saved. Sheila makes home deliveries and sells directly, without intermediaries.
He often participates in different fairs and crafts exhibitions that take place in the country. When elCaribe asks him what concrete benefits it generates him, his answer is this: He speaks proudly of his work and "Well, there you make contacts with does not try to hide it. "I have had many clients and it's good to do it. I good acceptance in the market and I participate and I love that, because it am on my way to grow more; It is my makes you socialize with people and aspiration. I even want to export what I can know the customer's concerns. do, "he continues, without stopping his That helps me a lot. " work. Sheila has a collaborator in her "The raw material I use is glass, a glass that is not manufactured here, but must be imported from other nations. I am able to design the piece that the client asks me, as long as it can be stained in a stained glass window ", he says, while cutting and gluing parts. It has many orders and must strive to deliver on time to each of the customers. Butterflies are possibly the works that the public demands of Sheila, but their elaborations cover much more. "Stained glass can be made in doors, windows, lamps and others. It is precisely what I do, but I also repair the glass works that are broken, "he explains.
workshop who helps her when she has to do strong jobs, like repairs. As it continues to grow, it will employ more people. In his premises he also teaches the basic course of stained glass workshop. In the stained glass activity Sheila is not alone in the country; There are other companies that do it. However, try to be the difference and that this difference serves to attract a significant number of customers. "I try to work as well as possible and every day, as one has more experience, works perfectly well. I can say that my work likes people for that and for the completion I give, "he says.
"Somehow I've been exporting, if you Sheila Hernández has her workshop take into account that some people on 7th Street, number 17 of ask me for some pieces to take to Residencial Santo Domingo, Herrera. relatives who live outside the She is used to working and it is Dominican Republic," he says. "The possible that some holidays happen in clients are varied, they ask me to do that. "I make a work schedule even if works both in tourist areas, as there are no client requests. Start from elsewhere," he says. Clients approach 9:00 in the morning until 7:00 and 8:00 Sheila Hernandez both by reference, www.amigosmava.org
as by a page that has on the internet, called vitralesbysheila. It also has the telephones 809-878-9028 and 809-530 -4280. And how much does it cost? The prices in Vitrales by Sheila depend on the type of work, its size and other elements taken into consideration, but those with the lowest costs are obtained from 200 pesos. Before having the current workshop, Sheila served as a doctor's assistant in an office. Inspiration can reach you even at night "Now I live on this," says entrepreneur Sheila Hernandez. It has not been easy to achieve, according to his own words. Since April 2017, it has changed premises. "Here I can do everything perfectly," he says, while performing a glass polishing procedure. Next to it is a soldering iron, a short glass, a pliers, a clamp and some lenses that are placed to protect your eyes. "It is important that your eyesight be protected. This is glass, "advises Juan Tomás Valenzuela. Sheila happens to her as to some other artists, both in music and in other branches: She is usually inspired by night, even while she is sleeping. "Yes, sometimes I think of a design, I get up and make the notes," he explains. Do you feel more comfortable doing one piece, with respect to another, as it happens to some musicians? Asks this newspaper. "Butterflies are my favorite. They are like my brand, "he says. The small businesswoman owns a furnace for melting glass. Since recycling is fashionable and is always important, Sheila assures that she tries to waste as little as possible.
Page 39
Solar glass.
Volume II — Number 107
February 2018
•
Researchers from the quantum dots highly USA UU they create solar doped manganese glass with quantum dots. deposited thereon, and a second glass panel Scientists working with comprising a copperquantum dot technology indium-selenide layer. have developed a twopane solar glass that, in The frontal layer absorbs addition to being efficient, the blue and ultraviolet provides insulation and portions of the solar shading. spectrum, leaving the rest to fall on the CIS The glass incorporates layer below. two layers of different quantum dots, adjusted The use of manganese to absorb different parts ions in the frontal layer is of the sunlight spectrum. also a key innovation: these quantum dots act This technique, known as as highly emissive "division of the solar impurities, which emit spectrum", allows the light at wavelengths less photons of higher and than the absorption of the lower energy to be quantum dot. processed separately. This "reemitted" light is The glass comprises a guided by the total front panel with a layer of internal reflection in the
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solar cells incorporated in the window frame. According to the researchers, this trick allows the almost complete elimination of losses due to selfabsorption. "Due to the strong performance we can achieve with processable materials in low-cost solutions, these doublepane windows and solar concentrators offer a new way to reduce the cost of solar electricity," says lead researcher Victor Klimov. "The approach complements existing photovoltaic technology."
Page 40
Story.
Volume II — Number 107
February 2018
•
Once upon a time there was an old man who had lost his wife and lived alone. He had worked hard as a tailor all his life, but misfortunes had left him bankrupt, and now he was so old that he could no longer work. His hands were shaking so badly that he could not thread a needle, and his vision had become too cloudy to make a straight seam. He had three sons, but all three had grown up and married, and they were so busy with their own lives that they only had time to dine with their father once a week.
the fragments of broken glass he a fortune awaited them under the kitchen table, and they could had. afford a big expense with the old The old man took the chest man. home, filled it to the top with broken glass, locked it and put it When the ceremony was over, they searched the entire house under the kitchen table. When their children went to dinner, they until they found the key, and opened the chest. touched it with their feet. -What's in that chest? they asked, looking under the table.
By the way, they found it full of broken glass.
"Oh, nothing," replied the old man, "only a few things that I have saved.
-What an infamous trick! exclaimed the eldest son. What cruelty to their children!
His children pushed him and saw that it was very heavy. They kicked him and they heard a clink.
-But what could he do? the second son asked sadly. Let's be honest. If it had not been for the chest, we would have neglected it until the end of his days.
"It must be filled with the gold it saved over the years," they whispered.
"I'm ashamed of myself," the younger son sobbed. We force our father to stoop to deceit, They deliberated and understood because we do not observe the that they should guard the command he taught us when we "They do not want to be with me treasure. They decided to take were little. now," he told himself, "because turns living with the old man, and they're afraid that I'll become a But the eldest son overturned the so they could take care of him burden. chest to make sure there were no too. valuable objects hidden in the He spent a sleepless night The first week the youngest son glass. thinking what would become of moved to the father's house, and him and finally drew a plan. He scattered the glass on the took care of it and cooked it. floor until the chest was empty. The next morning he went to see The next week he was replaced his friend the carpenter and by the second son, and the next The three brothers silently looked asked him to make him a large inside, where they read an week the older one came. chest. inscription that the father had left They keep like this for a while. them in the background: Then he went to see his friend the locksmith and asked him to At last the old father fell ill and "Honor your father and your give him an old bolt. died. mother." The old man was becoming weaker, and the children visited him less and less.
Finally he went to see his friend The children gave him a nice the glassmaker and asked for all funeral, because they knew that
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Page 41
Our Newsletter is worded in:
The Association of Friends of MAVA was incorporated on June 21, 2003 in
February 2018
accordance with current management. Castillo de San José de Valderas. Avda. Los Castillos, s/n 28925 ALCORCÓN MADRID
The purpose of this Association is to promote, encourage and support many cultural activities, in the broadest terms,
When glass culture
are related to the mission and activities of the Museum of Glass Art Alcorcon.
Volume II — Number 107
Our goal is to develop and collaborate with other public or private entities in the promotion, protection and dissemination of art and culture. Our members may be fees, benefac-
www.amigosmava.org • • • • • •
Presidente honorario Javier Gómez Gómez Presidente Miguel Angel Carretero Gómez Vicepresidente Pablo Bravo García Secretaria Rosa García Montemayor Tesorera Mª Angeles Cañas Santos Vocales Evangelina del Poyo Diego Martín García Francisco Martín García
tors, Full and juveniles.
José María Gallardo Breña