Initiative for coffee & climate Enabling effective response Building a sector initiative Michael Opitz Belo Horizonte, 9th September 2013
What the farmers told us Tanzania Brazil
Vietnam Trifinio
Climate change and supply chain risks
Farmer Resources Yield Costs of production Quality Income/Livelihood Motivation
Processor
Exporter
Trader
Roaster Availability Price Blend Reputation
c&c approach Re-evaluate strategy and tool utility through experts!
Define objectives, criteria, indicators I. Operational Planning
VI. Reevaluation & systematisation
II. Risk Assessment
V. Monitoring & Evaluation
III. Identification of Solutions
Assess present + future climatic risks initially!
Monitor progress, evaluate effectiveness + generate case studies!
Create awareness +adaptive capacity through field & community work!
IV. Implementation/ Farmer-centred validation of identified solutions
identify adaptive responses, generic + local tools, prioritisation
Risk assessment e.g. triangulation of sources Determine the local climatic risks to coffee production to define a locally appropriate solution
Farmers
Triangulation method Scientists
Local experts
Risk assessment: triangulation results
Sul de Minas, Brazil
rising temperature; prolonged dry period; strong rains; poor soil cover rising temperature, severe storms, longer rain periods
Trifinio, Central America
landslides, infrastructure damage, leaf rust
rising temperatures, irregular rain and dry periods, falling ground water
lower pollination rate, higher evapotranspiration, difficult coffee drying
Lack of water, decreasing rainfall, rising temperatures, long intense dry seasons
Flower abortion, leaf wilt, leaf drop, soil loss, unproductive trees
Dak Lak, Vietnam
Dak Lak Mbeya, Tanzania
coffee wilt, phoma fungal disease, empty beans
(no regret) measures: • ground cover; water harvesting; erosion control; vigorous plantlets; windbreaks
experiments with: • Gypsum (for drier regions)
innovations: • gypsum experiments with: • mulch • shade
(no regret) measures: • Soil management, rainwater harvesting
experiment with: • Different levels of mulch • Shade management collect data: • Data visualisation (GPS)
Dak Lak
(no regret) measures: • rust control, rust resistent varieties, cover crops, zoning emergency response: • risk analysis, protocols, early warning system
Mbeya
Sul de Minas
Trifinio
Adaptation strategies
(no regret) measures: • ground cover; more efficient irrigation experiment with: • centralized drying • drip irrigation collect data: • metereological, groundwater, pests (cicadas)
Gypsum application
Prioritisation of adaptation options Development of annual balances with gradual climate effects - with opportunity cost for family labour 2000 Alt.0: without project 1500 Alt.1: mulching
R/ha
1000 Alt.2: with project (wp) 500 Alt.3: w.p. & gypsum 0 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Alt.6: w.p. & irrigation
-500 Alt.7 wp & shade -1000
c&c toolbox in operation
Farmers
Government Services (Extension)
Traders (Extension) NGOs (Extension)
Research
Assessment of incoming and outgoing information
Farmer Organizations (Extension)
Toolbox
Dissemination
Honduras
Peru
Indonesia Uganda
• Scaling up: continuation and expansion of existing pilot projects • Replication: satellite projects in new countries, regions , subregions (Honduras, Peru, Uganda, Indonesia, others tbd) • Joint learning with partners; further toolbox enrichment
Building a Sector Alliance
www.coffeeandclimate.org www.toolbox.coffeeandclimate.org