Broadening of genetic diversity in Spring Canola (Brassica napus L.) by use of B. rapa
Rohit Attri Under supervision: Dr. Habibur Rahman Canola Breeding and Research
University of Alberta
Canola growing regions of North America AB
SK
MB
ND
Canola Council of Canada
Genetic diversity in Canola • Limited initial germplasm used1 • Intensive breeding to develop canola quality lines2 • Trend of decreasing genetic diversity since 1940s1,2
1Juska et al. 1997. Sustain. Agric. 9, 5–23. 2Fu and Gugel, 2010. Can. J. Plant Sci. 90, 23–33
Brassica germplasm for improving GD in Canola Winter B. napus Primary genepool
Spring B. napus Chinese semi-winter B. napus
Secondary genepool
B. oleracea B. rapa
Diers & Osborn. 1994 Theor. Appl. Genet. 88 662-666 Thorman et al. 1994. Theor. Appl. Genet. 88, 973-980
• High genetic diversity = higher heterosis1 3200
Yield
2800 2400 2000 1600 0.22
0.26
0.3
0.34
0.38
0.42
0.46
GD
Fig: Linear regression of yield (kg/ha) on the GD for Brassica napus hybrids
F1 heterosis 1Riaz et al. 2001. Plant Breeding 120, 411415
Research objectives • Broaden the genetic diversity in Canadian spring B. napus canola. • Study the feasibility of developing canola quality recombinant B. napus inbred lines. • Study the inheritance of GSL and response to selection for low GSL content. • Estimate genetic diversity in the B. napus lines by the use of SSR markers.
Methodology B. rapa
B. napus
(YS49, T4-3-31, 3-0026.027)
(A04-73NA)
B. napus
F 1⊗
(A04-73NA)
F2
BC1
F3
BC1S 1 ⊗
F 4⊗
BC1S2
⊗
⊗
F5
⊗
F6
⊗
B. napus type plant (%) in F2 & BC1 derived population for silique length % B. napus type plants
35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
A04-73NA Ă— YS49
A04-73NA Ă— 3-0026.027
Crosses F4 F6
BC1
BC1S2
B. napus type plant (%) in F2 & BC1 derived population for number of seeds per silique % B. napus type plants
35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
A04-73NA Ă— YS49
A04-73NA Ă— 3-0026.027
Crosses F4 F6
BC1
BC1S2
Ploidy analysis of F2 and BC1 derived population Cross
F5 (rel. DNA cont.)
F6 (rel. DNA cont.)
A04-73NA × YS49
322.8 ± 63.3*
359.4 ± 35.0*
A04-73NA × T4-3-3-1
360.7 ± 31.1*
349.7 ± 26.3*
A04-73NA × 3-0026.027
338.8 ± 52.8*
348.0 ± 37.0*
B. napus (A04-73NA)
395.4 ± 0.9
396.2 ± 0.9
B. rapa
160.2 ± 6.8
163.3 ± 10.7
Cross
BC1S1 (rel. DNA cont.)
BC1S2 (rel. DNA cont.)
(A04-73NA × YS49) × YS49 359.4 ± 67.4*
373.3 ± 32.3
B. napus (A04-73NA)
395.4 ± 0.9
396.2 ± 0.9
B. rapa
160.2 ± 6.8
163.3 ± 10.7
*population significantly different than B. napus (A04-73NA) parent
GSL content in F2 & BC1 derived populations 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 F4
F5
F6
Generations A04-73NA x YS49 A04-73NA x 3-0026.027
A04-73NA x T4-3-3-1
Glucosinolates (µmol g-1 seed)
Glucosinolates (µmol g-1 seed)
B. napus = 15 µmol g-1 seed 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
BC1
BC1S1 Generations (A04-73NA x YS49) x YS49
BC1S2
Genetic similarity for F4 families
0.50
Coefficient of similaity Dice coefficient
0.73
0.95
III
0.28
II
0.06
I
97 polymorphhic markers used to gentotype F4 population
2-7NxT43 9-7NxT43 8-7NxT43 4-7NxT43 7-7NxT43 6-7NxT43 5-7NxT43 3-7NxT43 10-7NxT43 11-7NxT43 12-7NxT43 14-7NxT43 13-7NxT43 15-7NxT43 T43 16-7NxT43 17-7Nx326 23-7Nx326 18-7Nx326 19-7Nx326 20-7Nx326 21-7Nx326 22-7Nx326 29-7Nx326 27-7Nx326 28-7Nx326 24-7Nx326 25-7Nx326 26-7Nx326 31-7NxY49 36-7NxY49 33-7NxY49 34-7NxY49 35-7NxY49 41-7NxY49 43-7NxY49 32-7NxY49 37-7NxY49 44-7NxY49 45-7NxY49 38-7NxY49 40-7NxY49 42-7NxY49 39-7NxY49 7N Y49 326 30-7NxY49
Conclusion • Fertile B. napus type canola quality germplasm developed from both B. napus × B. rapa F2 derived and (B. napus × B. rapa) × B. napus BC1 derived population • SSR marker analysis revealed that genetically distinct germplasm can be developed
Funding agencies • NSERC-Discovery and NSERCCRD to Habibur Rahman
CANOLA BREEDING & RESEARCH PROGRAM
Special Thanks to An Vo: Quality analyst Berisso & Rudolph: Molecular scientist Josel & Zahidur: Farm & greenhouse technician, and other members of Canola Breeding & Research Program
Thanks for your attention Questions ?