Hispanic Playbook by Goodwill Industries of Middle Tennessee

WORKING WITH BARRIERS

WORKING WITH THE

HISPANIC COMMUNITY Goodwill Industries of Middle Tennessee, Inc. giveit2goodwill.org

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction

Chapter 1: Defining the Target Audience

Chapter 2: Appropriate Language Do’s and Don’ts

Chapter 3: How to Conduct an Intake

Chapter 4: Steps to Eliminate Barriers Client Faces

Chapter 5: Legal Terminology and Potential Resources

Chapter 6: Types of Financial Benefits – Am I Eligible?

Chapter 7: Social Media Resources for Clients

Introduction to Hispanic People and Culture Webster’s definition of the word Hispanic is “of, relating to, or being a person of Latin American descent and especially of Cuban, Mexican, or Puerto Rican origin living in the U.S.” However, being of Hispanic origin is so much more. A person from Mexico would be considered both Hispanic and Latino. However, someone from Brazil would be considered Latino, but would not be considered Hispanic because their culture and language derive from Portugal rather than Spain. Despite having two different meanings, the U.S. government uses the two terms synonymously and interchangeably, as does the media and many other sources of information.

According to the CDC’s “Cultural Insights: Communicating with Hispanics/Latinos” the 2008 U.S. Census Bureau population estimated about 46.9 million Hispanics live in the United States (representing 15% of the total U.S. population). Among Hispanic subgroups, Mexicans ranks as the largest (66%) followed by Central and South Americans (13%), Puerto Ricans (9.4%), Cubans (3.9%), and people of other Hispanic origins (7.5%). Hispanics/Latinos are a fast-growing, diverse population in the United States. With their growth surging nearly 58% from 1990 to 2000, Hispanics/Latinos have more than four times the growth rate of the U.S. population (U.S. Census, 2008a). It is therefore important for our Career Solutions staff to know and understand our Hispanic and Latino neighbors so we can serve them well.

Chapter 1: Defining the Target Audience Individuals of Hispanic or Latino origin have a rich and diverse heritage. While the following does not reflect all, it will bring about a better understanding of how best to assist Hispanic clients. Culture and Tradition Hispanic culture is about tradition, values, and heritage which defines its roots. Religion is very important to Hispanics. Hispanics have largely embraced religion with the firm belief that it controls their destinies. Another aspect of Hispanic culture that is critical to understanding is the concept of "confianza," or trust. In the Hispanic world, trust is not automatically given; it is earned. Individuals Interests of the individual prevail over interests of the group. They tend to take care of themselves rather than relying on others and see themselves as independent of the organization. Immigrants, especially those who may be undocumented, undereducated or unable to speak English well, keep a low-profile. Family When raised in a Hispanic family, you are taught to love and respect your family. The parents take care of the children as they grow up, but the roles are reversed as soon as the parents grow old and the children have a means of livelihood. There is a deep connection between family members that cannot be broken even in the worst of economic, or health statuses. A sense of belonging is intense, yet limited to family and friends. People who are not family or close friends are often mistrusted. At Work Financial support for the family is important and expected. Hispanics are very capable of learning and are hard working individuals. They work well in a safe working environment and tend to be dependent on the organization. Being involved at work is important to them and they tend to stay in a job where they feel they are part of a family. Some Hispanics may only have basic reading and writing skills due to the high dropout rates. Hispanics may need significant training and hands-on attention to achieve desired results.

Chapter 2: Appropriate Language Do’s and Don’ts Be mindful when using gestures to communicate with Hispanics. Certain hand gestures mean different things in different cultures and can be perceived the wrong way. When communicating with Hispanics, it is important to understand the significance of respect. Respect is very important in the Hispanic culture. Think before you speak. Even those things you find humorous may be disrespectful. Refer to Hispanic and Latino migrants living in the US without paperwork as “undocumented migrants”. Avoid using the term “illegal”. Therefore, engaging in a compassionate and understanding approach is needed when trying to communicate with the Hispanic community. Many are worried about discriminating against, so remember to greet and speak with gentleness and respect. Be mindful of your posture and maintain eye contact to show interest and sincerity and speak face-to-face whenever possible when engaging in conversations. Language is very important because it provides a shared connection. Manners are highly valued to Hispanics they learn this at home with their family or “familia”. Check out this guide for more information on verbal and non-verbal communication do’s and don’ts.

Chapter 3: How to Conduct an Intake Step 1: Identify Barriers If an individual comes into the center, and the Career Coach hears the person speaking in Spanish and believes it may be a barrier, they may begin by asking if they speak english by simply saying: “Ingles?” (male) or “inglesa?” (female) If communication is going to be a barrier, the Coach has several options. The best option may be to use Google Translate (which can also detect many other languages if you are not certain a person is speaking in Spanish) on one of the center’s computers . Another option would be to download a translator app on your phone (or your center’s ipad). This website provides a list of free apps, which includes iTranslate, Day Translations and SayHi. Ask Goodwill’s IT department before downloading any applications on an ipad. Another option is to prepare ahead of time a handout the Coach can provide to the Spanish speaker with intake information and questions. Microsoft Word has a translator to assist large amounts of text. Once you have identified a way to overcome communication barriers, you will want to identify other barriers before continuing onto the intake process. How can we help you today? Cómo puedo ayudarte hoy

Do you have transportation? ¿Tienes transporte?

Do you have physical limitations? ¿Tienes limitaciones físicas?

Do you have a driver’s license? ¿Tienes carnet de conducir?

Do you have a social security card? ¿Tienes una tarjeta de seguridad social? See Chapter 4 for steps to overcome these and other barriers you have identified.

Step 2: Intake After identifying a way to effectively communicate with the client, and the client is a job seeker or would like to participate in an employability skills training program, begin the intake process. Begin by asking the following questions: How can we help you today? ¿Cómo podemos ayudarlo hoy?

Do you currently have a job? ¿Actualmente tiene un trabajo?

What jobs are you interested in? ¿Qué trabajos te interesan?

What jobs have you had? ¿Qué trabajos has tenido?

Are you interested in any of our employability skills training classes? ¿Está interesado en la formación en habilidades laborales?

Employability Skills Training Classes These employability skills training classes are held online with a live instructor. For more information, or to sign up for a class, register with your local Career Solutions Center or visit this link. Class days and times are subject to change. Exploring Jobs Online Applying for Work

Resume Writing Interviewing for Work Preparing for Success at Work

Other Trainings offered by Goodwill. ● 2-Day Financial Literacy ● Digital Literacy ● Office Productivity Skills Training ● Call Center: (Paid training course- $80/week)- 4 weeks ● Construction & Weatherization:(Paid training course- $100/week)- 4 weeks ● Custodial:(Paid training course- $150/week)- 4 weeks ● Forklift: In- person training, location varies ● Google IT Professional Support Certificate ● Google IT Automation with Python Professional Certificate ● Google Project Manager Professional Certificate ● Google Data Analytics ● Google UX Design ● Facebook Social Media Marketing Professional Certificate ● Retail and Customer Service

Chapter 4: Steps to Eliminate Barriers Using Google Translate, you can assist a Spanish speaking client when looking up websites to help eliminate barriers. For example, your client needs help with finding an emergency place to stay and the coach wants to use shelterlist.com to look for local options.

Go to Google Translate at https://translate.google.com/, click the website tab, enter the website address and click on the blue arrow.

The site, translated - will pop up in a new window.

Identified Urgent Barrier: Legal Status Almost half (49.8 percent) of Hispanic workers are undocumented. While a delicate subject for a coach to bring up, nevertheless - be prepared to share resources to those seeking more information on the steps to take to gain legal status. The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services website provides 10 steps to Naturalization. These steps are: 1 - Determine if you are already a U.S. citizen. 2 - Determine if you are eligible to become a U.S. citizen. 3 - Prepare you Form N-400, application for Naturalization. 4 - Submit your Form N-400 and pay your fees. 5 - Go to your biometrics appointment, if applicable. 6 - Complete the interview. 7 - Receive a decision from USCIS on your Form N-400 8 - Receive a notice to take the Oath of Allegiance. 9 - Take the Oath of Allegiance to the United States. 10 - Understand U.S. Citizenship.

A client may need to apply for their Green Card to allow them to live and work in the U.S. This website lists the Green Card eligibility categories, which includes receiving a card through family, employment, asylum and more. It should be noted that unskilled workers (meaning you will perform unskilled labor requiring less than 2 years training or experience) is one of the options for undocumented individuals.

Identified Urgent Barrier: Shelter If a person is in need of shelter, be prepared with a list of local shelters, churches or agencies that will assist with short term stay. Some shelters may be available specifically for a person who is fighting substance abuse, a veteran or has mental health needs. A form is provided in the appendix to list shelters and homeless advocates in your service area. ● Visit shelterlist.com to find a list of shelters in your area. ● TNhousingsearch.org specializes in helping people with special challenges, from affordability to disability to emergency housing.

● HUD Continuum of Care (https://www.tn.gov/behavioral-health/housing/continuaof-care.html) Regions in Tennessee (see map above). CoC is a regional or local planning body that coordinates housing and services funding for homeless families and individuals. Here you will find agencies and contact information that are available. ● Find local public housing contact information at (https://www.hud.gov/sites/dfiles/PIH/documents/PHA_Contact_Report_TN.pdf). A list of your local contacts can be found, printed out and added as an appendix to this document ● Tennessee’s rental assistance website (https://thda.org/help-for-renters-section8) includes information on vouchers and section 8 waiting lists by region. ● RedRover (https://redrover.org/) staff and volunteers provide temporary emergency sheltering, resources, financial assistance and emotional support when animals and people are in crisis.

Identified Urgent Barrier: Identification Below are links to resources to assist in obtaining necessary identification. Required documents for I-9 verification I-9 verification ensures that companies are only hiring employees who are authorized to work in the U.S., by requiring candidates to provide employers with specific documents that verify their identity and work eligibility. There are several lists of documents that can be used for I-9 verification according to the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), including: 1. List A: Documents that can verify both the identity and eligibility for legal work The following documents can be used to verify both employment authorization and identity. This means that as an employer, you should only ask a candidate to present one of the following acceptable documents. Make note that all documents must be unexpired. ● U.S. passport or U.S. passport card ● Alien Registration Receipt Card or Permanent Resident Card with photograph, also known as a Green Card (Form I-551) ● Foreign passport containing a temporary I-551 stamp or temporary I-551 printed notation ● Employment Authorization Document (EAD) containing a photograph (Form I766) ● For a nonimmigrant alien authorized to work for a specific employer, a foreign passport and Form I-94 (or Form I-94A containing the same name as the passport and containing an endorsement of the alien’s nonimmigrant status so long as the period of endorsement has not expired and the proposed employment does not conflict with restrictions or limitations identified on the form) ● Passport from the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) or the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) with Form I-94 or I-94A 2. List B: Documents that only verify the identity for legal work If any of the previously listed documents are unavailable, a new hire would need to provide two separate documents, which could include one of the following List B documents in addition to one of the documents in List C. ● Driver’s license ● ID card issued by an outlying possession or state of the U.S. that includes a photograph and other information about

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the candidate’s identity such as name, gender, height, eye color, date of birth and address ID card issued by state, federal or local government agencies that contain a photograph and other information about the candidate’s identity such as name, gender, height, eye color, date of birth and address Voter’s registration card School ID card with a photograph U.S. military card or draft record U.S. Coast Guard Merchant Mariner Card Military dependent’s ID card Driver’s license issued by a Canadian government authority Native American tribal document

3. List C: Documents that only verify the eligibility for legal work If a candidate is not able to provide one of the documents in List A, one of the following documents must be presented with a document from List B: ● U.S. social security card issued by the Social Security Administration that is unrestricted and does not have any of the following phrases indicating restriction on it: ○ NOT VALID FOR EMPLOYMENT ○ VALID FOR WORK ONLY WITH INS AUTHORIZATION ○ VALID FOR WORK ONLY WITH DHS AUTHORIZATION ● Consular Report of Birth Abroad issued by the Department of State (Form FS240) ● Certification of Birth Abroad issued by the U.S. Department of State (FORM FS545) ● Certification of Report of Birth issued by the Department of State (Form DS-1350 or FS-545) ● Original or certified birth certificate issued by a county, state, municipal authority or outlying possession of the United States that bears an official seal ● U.S. Citizen ID Card (Form I-197) ● ID Card for the use of a Resident Citizen in the United States (Form I-179) ● Valid employment authorization document issued by the DHS 4. Document list for minors Employees who are younger than 18 years of age and don’t have any of the above documents can provide one of the following documents instead: ● Report card or school record ● Hospital, clinic or doctor record ● Nursery school or daycare record

To request a copy (https://www.tn.gov/health/health-program-areas/vitalrecords/certificate.html) of your Tennessee birth certificate by mail, include: 1 - The completed and signed application for Certified Copy of Certificate of Birth, Death, Marriage or Divorce (click on the link above for complete form) 2 - One of the following for identification purposes: ● A photocopy of a government-issued identification card which includes the signature of the requester. ● A notarized application for certified copy. ● The mother’s copy of the birth certificate (issued at the hospital at the time of birth) may be used for identification when obtaining a newborn’s birth certificate. (It must be dated within the last two calendar years.) 3 - If none of these documents are available, see ID requirements for alternatives ● Current driver's license, including the issue and expiration date. ● Current passport ● Military I.D. card ● Alien, temporary or permanent resident card ● Employment authorization card ● U.S. Certificate of Naturalization ● Certificate of Citizenship or Citizenship I.D. card OR Two items from the following list: ● Current pay stub or W2 ● Vehicle registration with name and current address ● Voter Registration card ● Military Discharge (DD214) ● Utility Bill, Bank Statement or deposit slip with name and current address ● Health care coverage card ● Medical record ● Application page of an insurance policy ● Signed Social Security Card ● For those people who have had their I.D. stolen, a copy a police report or other official documents which support the theft. 4 - A check or money order made payable to Tennessee Vital Records for the appropriate fee. Mail Request To: Tennessee Vital Records 1st Floor, Andrew Johnson Tower 710 James Robertson Parkway Nashville, TN 37243

Replacing a lost TN license (https://www.tn.gov/safety/driver-services/classd/dlduplicate.html) If a person’s driver license has been lost, stolen or destroyed, you may be eligible to obtain a replacement online. Obtaining a replacement license does not change the expiration date of the original issued license. You may also obtain a replacement by applying in person at any driver service center. If a temporary license or certificate for driving is lost, stolen or destroyed, a duplicate temporary license or certificate for driving may be obtained by making an application only in person at any driver service center. Holders of a temporary driver's license or temporary ID must provide the necessary documents indicating the extended authorized stay in the United States to renew. You must provide: ● Confirmation of proof of identity and ● Required Documentation of changes (other than those needed to correct clerical errors) in a license, temporary license or certificate for driving holder’s name, date of birth, or gender. Click here for Social Security Card Application or to complete the application online. Application on next page. (https://www.ssa.gov/forms/ss-5.pdf). Identified Urgent Barrier: Transportation The state of Tennessee has regional transit authorities to assist in low cost transportation in addition to programs that may assist individuals to get to and from their job for free or discounted rates. Public Transportation is available in every county in Tennessee, with a wide range of services.

West Tennessee Jackson Transit Authority (ridejta.com): Phone: (731) 423-0200. Jackson

Transit service in

Middle Tennessee Nashville MTA (nashvillemta.org): Phone: (615) 862-5950. Transit service in NashvilleDavidson County Music City Star: Phone: (615) 862-8833. Commuter train connecting Nashville-Davidson County and Wilson County with stops in Martha, Mt. Juliet, Hermitage, Donelson, Lebanon, and downtown Nashville Regional Transit Authority (RTA) of Middle Tennessee (https://www.rtarelaxandride.com/Middle-TN-RTA-homepage.asp): Phone: 615-8628833 Commuter service between downtown Nashville and outlying communities of Rutherford, Sumner, Dickson, Robertson, Williamson, Wilson, and Montgomery counties Murfreesboro Rover (http://www.murfreesborotn.gov/248/Murfreesboro-Public-Transit): Phone: 615-217-6837. Transit service in Murfreesboro Clarksville Transit System (https://www.cityofclarksville.com/338/Clarksville-TransitSystem): Phone: 931-553-2429. Transit service in Clarksville Franklin Transit Authority (https://franklintransit.org/): Phone: 615-628-0260. Transit service in Franklin West Tennessee Delta Human Resource Agency (DHRA) (https://www.deltahra.org/): Phone: 901-4765226. Transit services Fayette, Lauderdale, rural Shelby, and Tipton counties Northwest Tennessee Human Resource Agency (NWTHRA) (https://nwtdd.org/nwthra): Phone: 731-587-2903. Transit services for Benton, Carroll, Crockett, Dyer, Gibson, Henry, Lake, Obion, and Weakley counties Southwest Human Resource Agency (SWHRA) (https://www.swhra.org/): Phone: 800372-6013. Transit service for Chester, Decatur, Hardeman, Hardin, Haywood, Henderson, Madison, and McNairy counties Middle Tennessee Mid-Cumberland Human Resource Agency (MCHRA) (http://www.mchra.com/): Phone: 615-331-6033. Transit service for Cheatham, Davidson, Dickson, Houston, Humphreys, Montgomery, Robertson, Rutherford, Stewart, Sumner, Trousdale, Williamson, and Wilson counties South Central Tennessee Development District (SCTDD) (http://www.sctddtransit.org/index.html): Phone: 800-848-0298. Transit service for Bedford, Giles, Hickman, Lawrence, Lewis, Lincoln, Marshall, Maury, Perry, and Wayne counties

Upper Cumberland Human Resource Agency (UCHRA) (https://uchra.org/): Phone: 931-528-1127. Transit service for Cannon, Clay, Cumberland, DeKalb, Fentress, Jackson, Macon, Overton, Pickett, Putnam, Smith, Van Buren, Warren, and White counties East Tennessee Southeast Tennessee Human Resource Agency (SETHRA) (https://www.sethratransit.org/): Phone: 423-949-2191. Transit services Bledsoe, Bradley, Grundy, Marion, McMinn, Meigs, Polk, Rhea, Sequatchie Counties and the non-urbanized areas of Bradley and Hamilton counties. East Tennessee Human Resource Agency (ETHRA) (https://ethrapublictransit.org/): Phone: 865-291-2551. Transit for Anderson, Blount, Campbell, Claiborne, Cocke, Grainger, Hamblen, Jefferson, Knox, Loudon, Monroe, Morgan, Roane, Scott, Sevier and Union counties Identified Urgent Barrier: Communication Does the individual you are assisting have a way to communicate? ● Email? If no, offer to help set up a Gmail account. ● If the individual does not have a phone, offer to show them how to sign up for a free phone through a service like SafeLink Wireless (www.safelinkwireless.com). ● If the person has a prepaid phone but is out (or regularly runs out) of minutes, ask them if they would be interested in a Google Voice number. Google Voice allows you to make and receive phone calls and text messages (by phone and computer) for free, but you do need a phone number and a Gmail account to verify and tie the Google Voice number to. ○ Click here (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yjcATRODadU) to watch a Google Voice tutorial. Identified Urgent Barrier: Food Local food pantries, soup kitchens, commodity distribution centers, churches and others play a vital part in helping to feed your community’s hunger. Below are links to places you can share with a person in need of food assistance. Finding your local Food Pantry Second Harvest provides food for many Middle Tennessee food pantries. Here is a place you can search for the food pantries they serve.

Foodpantries.org has a list of food pantries in Tennessee. FoodFinder is a food pantry locator and 501(c)(3) nonprofit that shows you when and where to get free food assistance in your area. The map on their homepage is a map of food pantries and school meal locations - every pin that appears is a food assistance program nearby. SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly known as food stamps) provides nutritional assistance benefits to children and families, the elderly, the disabled, unemployed and working families. SNAP helps supplement monthly food budgets of low-income families to buy the food they need to maintain good health and allow them to direct more of their available income toward essential living expenses. DHS staff determines the eligibility of applicants based on guidelines established by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). The primary goals of the program are to alleviate hunger and malnutrition and to improve nutrition and health in eligible households. DHS has a dual focus on alleviating hunger and establishing or reestablishing self-sufficiency. SNAP recipients are now able to use their benefits to buy authorized food items online through ALDI via Instacart, Amazon, and Walmart locations across the state. IMPORTANT: SNAP benefits cannot be used for delivery fees and SNAP recipients who receive cash benefits on their EBT cards will not be able to apply those non-SNAP benefits for online purchases. Using SNAP benefits online: At ALDI and Food Lion: SNAP customers may utilize their EBT card at participating ALDI and Food Lion stores using an Instacart Account. However, SNAP benefits cannot be used at nonparticipating Instacart retailers. How do I make an online purchase at ALDI or Food Lion using SNAP benefits? To make a purchase online with ALDI or Food Lion, SNAP recipients will need to have an Instacart account and add their EBT card information at the point of purchase or under the account settings menu. Once SNAP EBT information is added, customers may choose to use their SNAP EBT benefits to pay for select eligible items or full orders at the point of purchase. To learn which items are SNAP-eligible, customers will see an upfront “EBT” tag on items, and can also use the account settings menu or filter feature while shopping online. Visit Instacart’s website for assistance selecting SNAP EBT eligible items or click here to learn more about using your SNAP EBT card to purchase items at ALDI and Food Lion through Instacart. A credit or debit card must also be linked to your Instacart account to cover fees, bottle deposits in some states, taxes, delivery tips, and any other non-EBT SNAP-eligible items you may want to purchase.

On Amazon Families can take advantage of this convenient option by entering their SNAP EBT card information on Amazon's SNAP dedicated website. What do I need to make a SNAP purchase on Amazon? SNAP recipients must have an Amazon user account and register their SNAP EBT card before making a purchase. Once the SNAP EBT card has been registered, food items will be marked SNAP EBT eligible. A SNAP EBT card can also be added at the point of checkout. Shipping fees cannot be paid using SNAP benefits; however, some shipping costs are waived with a minimum purchase. Cash benefits loaded on an EBT card cannot be used for online purchases. Purchases can be made through Amazon Fresh, Amazon Pantry, and Amazon Grocery. Walmart: SNAP recipients will be able to make purchases through Walmart Grocery Pick Up following the guidelines established for SNAP online purchasing. What do I need to make SNAP purchases online at Walmart? Purchases can be made at walmart.com/grocery or on the Walmart Grocery mobile app. During check out, select EBT card as a payment method. When picking up groceries, swipe your SNAP EBT card with the Walmart associate. Learn more at Walmart’s website. WIC Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (https://www.fns.usda.gov/wic) The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) is a federally-funded program designed to provide supplemental food assistance and nutrition education to low-income pregnant, postpartum, and breastfeeding women, infants, and children until age five. In addition to providing healthy supplemental foods, nutrition education, and breastfeeding support, the program also provides referrals to other health, welfare, and community-based services. WIC has proven to be effective in preventing and improving nutrition related health problems. The WIC Program is funded through the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). WIC services are provided through the Tennessee Department of Health in 126 county health departments, stand-alone clinics, and hospital sites throughout the state. The program serves about 111,000 eligible participants each month. Participants must be a Tennessee resident, meet the gross income guidelines and be determined to be at nutritional or medical risk. FOR MORE INFORMATION, CONTACT YOUR LOCAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT OR CALL 1-800-DIAL-WIC (1-800-342-5942)

Chapter 5: Legal Terminology and Potential Resources Terms and Phrases to Know When someone resides in the United States without having filled out the requisite immigration paperwork, that person is often called an "illegal immigrant." But why is it not preferable to use this term? ● "Illegal" is uselessly vague. ("You're under arrest." "What's the charge?" "You did something illegal.") ● "Illegal immigrant" is dehumanizing. It defines someone who does not have immigration paperwork as an illegal person. This should offend everyone on its own merits, but there is also a legal, constitutional problem with defining someone as an illegal person. ● It is contrary to the 14th Amendment, which affirms that neither the federal government nor state governments may "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." An undocumented immigrant has violated immigration requirements, but is still a legal person under the law, as is anyone under the jurisdiction of the law. The equal protection clause was written to prevent state governments from defining any human being as anything less than a legal person. On the other hand, "undocumented immigrant" is a very useful phrase. Why? It skips the dehumanizing aspects of "illegal immigrant" and simply describes the situation at hand. An undocumented immigrant is someone who resides in a county without proper documentation. Other Terms to Avoid Other terms it is preferable to avoid using in place of "undocumented immigrants": ● "Illegal aliens." A more pejorative form of "illegal immigrant." The word "alien" can be used to refer to a non-naturalized immigrant, but it also arrives with the context of its dictionary definition: "unfamiliar and disturbing or distasteful." ● "Undocumented workers." This term is often used to refer specifically to undocumented workers, especially in a labor context, but it is not a synonym for "undocumented immigrants." When it is used as such, it is often from people who belong to a school of thought that says that undocumented immigrants should be accepted into this country because they are hardworking. The vast majority are (they have no choice; people who cross borders to make less than minimum wage tend to be), but there are undocumented immigrants who do not fall into this category, such as children, the elderly, and the severely disabled, and they, too, need advocates.

● "Migrant workers." A migrant worker is simply someone who regularly travels in search of short-term or seasonal work. Many migrant workers are documented (quite a few are natural-born citizens), and many undocumented immigrants are not migrant workers. The migrant workers' movement certainly overlaps with the immigrants' rights movement, but it is not the same movement. Check out https://www.thoughtco.com/immigration for this information and other useful articles on immigration policy. Legal Aid If you want a lawyer and cannot pay for one, you can ask for free legal help at the closest Legal Services Program or Legal Aid Office. They can be reached at one of the phone numbers below: Legal Aid Society of Middle Tennessee and the Cumberlands: 800-238-1443 Legal Aid of East Tennessee: 865-637-0484 West TN Legal Services, Inc.: 731-423-0616 Memphis Area Legal Services, Inc.:901-523-8822 You might be able to get legal help that does not cost very much through your local Bar Association or Lawyer Referral Service. Additional resources include: Nashville International Center for Empowerment 615-315-9681 Aisha White aisha@empowernashville.org http://www.empowernashville.org/programs/#immigration Tennessee Justice for our Neighbors 615-255-0331 or 615-538-7481 615- 538-7482 aineth@tnjfon.org https://www.tnjfon.org/ Metro Action Legal Aid (Hope Program) 615-244-6610 Lisa McCrady lisa.mccrady@nashville.gov https://www.nashville.gov/ Conexion Americas 615-270-9252 https://www.conexionamericas.org/ Immigration Advocates Network Tennessee Directory https://www.immigrationadvocates.org/nonprofit/legaldirectory/search?state=TN 19

Chapter 6: Types of Financial Benefits and Assistance Assisting a Hispanic/Latino Person with Secondary Needs A Hispanic/Latino person with secondary needs may have the urgent needs temporarily remedied, but needs assistance in other areas not determined to be urgent but keeps them in an unstable situation. The following could have financial benefits when a client receives assistance. Identified Secondary Barrier: Adult Education Below is a list of state-wide adult education options for Spanish speaking individuals. YWCA of Nashville and Middle Tennessee Family Learning Center FREE culturally sensitive HiSET classes Ywcafamilylearningcenter@gmail.com https://www.ywcanashville.com/what-we-do/flc/ Centro Hispano of East Tennessee (Knoxville) 865-522-0052 https://www.centrohispanotn.org/ Hispanic Family Foundation (Nashville) 615-562-2222 https://hffus.org/ Conexion Americas 615-270-9252 https://www.conexionamericas.org/ Adult education opportunities can be found throughout the state of Tennessee. Below is a list of programs by county. Putnam County Schools Phone: 931-520-9519 Counties: Cannon, Clay, Cumberland, Dekalb, Fentress, Jackson, Macon, Overton, Pickett, Putnam, Smith, Van Buren, Warren and White. TCAT Athens Phone: 1-844-688-7944 Counties: Bledsoe, Bradley, Grundy, Hamilton, Marion, McMinn, Meigs, Polk, Rhea and Sequatchie Volunteer State Community College Phone: 615-230-3621 County: Sumner 20

Workforce Essentials Phone: 1-800-826-3177 Counties: Cheatham, Davidson, Dickson, Houston, Humphreys, Montgomery, Robertson, Rutherford, Stewart, Trousdale, Williamson and Wilson Metro Nashville Public Schools Offices of English Learners 615-259-3282 Vanessa T Lazon vanessa.Lazon@mnps.org

Ruben DePena Ruben.Depena@mnps.org https://mnps.org/ South Central Tennessee Workforce Alliance Phone: 1-866-801-4723 Counties: Bedford, Coffee, Franklin, Giles, Hickman, Lawrence, Lewis, Lincoln, Marshall, Maury, Moore, Perry and Wayne Henderson County Schools Phone: 1-855-569-1200 Counties: Chester, Decatur, Fayette, Hardeman, Hardin, Haywood, Henderson andMcNairy Weakley County Schools Phone: 731-364-5481 Counties: Benton, Carroll, Crockett, Dyer, Lake, Obion and Weakley Jackson State Community College Phone: 731-425-2628 Counties: Gibson, Henry and Madison Identified Secondary Barrier: Dental/Medical Dental/Medical/Mental Health facilities by county. (https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/mentalhealth/documents/TN_Homeless_Resources. pdf) Freeclinics.com is the largest online directory of free and affordable health clinics. Most clinics listed in our database receive federal grants, state subsidies, or are owned and operated by non-profit organizations and provide services that are either free or at a reduced rate. US Dept of HUD (https://www.hud.gov/states/tennessee/homeless/healthcare) free or low cost healthcare options in the state of Tennessee which includes:

Family Assistance Service Center: 1-866-311-4287 or 743-2000 (Nashville area) TTY Line: 1-877-779-3103 The Family Assistance Service Center is available weekdays between 7:00 a.m. and 5:30 p.m. TennCare’s automated Voice Response System is available around-theclock. Operators provide information on eligibility, TennCare Health Plans, applications, and address changes. Neighborhood Health 615-227-3000 https://www.neighborhoodhealthtn.org/ Get Covered Tennessee 615-538-8582 Andrea Ramirez aramirez@fcsnashville.org http://getcoveredtenn.org/ Tennessee Justice Center: An Overview of Immigrant Eligibility for Public Health Insurance in Tennessee (Link to Document) Healthcare Marketplace (https://www.healthcare.gov/) You can find free or reduced health insurance plans on this site. TennCare (https://www.tn.gov/tenncare.html) TennCare is the state of Tennessee’s Medicaid program. It provides healthcare to mostly low-income pregnant women, parents or caretakers of a minor child, children and individuals who are elderly or have a disability. To get Medicaid, you must meet the income and resource limits. You can apply anytime for TennCare. There are several different groups of people that may qualify. And, each group has different income limits. Some of the groups also have limits on how much you own-your "resources." These are things like bank accounts, cars, and land. The number of people who live in your household count too. Some of the groups TennCare Medicaid covers are: ● Children under age 21 ● Women who are pregnant ● Parents or caretakers of a minor child (The child must live with you and be a close relative.) ● Individuals who need treatment for breast or cervical cancer ● People who get an SSI check (Supplemental Security Income) ● People who have gotten both an SSI check and a Social Security check in the same month at least once since April 1977 AND who still get a Social Security check 22

A person who: Lives in a medical institution, like a nursing home, and has income below $2,382 per month, or gets other long term care services that TennCare pays for. ● State and Federally funded programs can be primarily sought through this website with the state of Tennessee. https://www.tn.gov/behavioralhealth/housing.html Identified Secondary Barrier: Mental Health and Substance Abuse Approximately 22% of all homeless individuals are Hispanic. Resources/programs are available for those who are homeless and seeking mental health and substance abuse assistance. Projects for Assistance in Transition from Homelessness (PATH) (https://www.tn.gov/behavioral-health/housing/path.html) is a federal grant program to assist individuals experiencing homelessness who have a mental illness or co-occurring disorders; the program funds community-based outreach services to connect individuals to mental health, substance abuse, case management, and other support services as well as limited housing services. Among the services eligible for funding under PATH are: 1) Outreach services 2) Screening and diagnostic treatment services 3) Habilitation and rehabilitation services 4) Community mental health services 5) Alcohol and drug treatment services 6) Staff training 7) Case management services 8) Supportive and supervisory services in residential settings 9) Referrals for primary health services, job training and educational services 10) Relevant housing services PATH services are available in 36 of Tennessee’s most populated counties. Pathways Behavioral Health Counties Served: Hardeman, Haywood, Gibson Henderson and Madison 238 Summar Dr. Jackson, TN 38301 P: 731-541-8200 http://www.wth.org/

Carey Counseling Center Counties Served: Benton, Carroll, Henry, Lake, Obion and Weakley 201 W Main St Union City, TN 38261 P: 731-571-2834 Website

Mental Health Cooperative This PATH program location serves Davidson, Montgomery, and Wilson Counties. 275 Cumberland Bend Nashville, Tennessee 37228 MHC PATH Outreach Line: 615-744-7560 https://www.mhc-tn.org/

Volunteer Behavioral Health County Served: Rutherford Guidance Center 2126 North Thompson Lane Murfreesboro, TN 37129 Phone: (615) 898-0771 https://www.vbhcs.org/

Volunteer Behavioral Health This PATH program location serves Cumberland, DeKalb, Putnam, Warren, and White Counties. Plateau Mental Health Center 1200 South Willow Street Cookeville , TN 38506 Phone: (931) 432-4123 https://www.vbhcs.org/ SSI/SSDI Outreach, Access, and Recovery (SOAR) For people who are homeless or who are returning to the community from institutions (jails, prisons, or hospitals), access to SSI/SSDI programs can be extremely challenging. Approval on initial application for people who are homeless and who have no one to assist them is about 10-15 percent. For those who have a mental illness, substance use issues, or co-occurring disorders that impair cognition, the application process is even more difficult – yet accessing these benefits is often a critical first step in recovery. SOAR Specialists have offices throughout Tennessee to help individuals navigate this process. Local Representatives: Ashley Blum Whitney Malone Nashville, TN Murfreesboro, TN ashley.blum@parkcenternashville.org wmalone@vbhcs.org 615.242.3576 x500 615-707-1337 The Community Targeted Transitional Support program provides specific, temporary financial assistance that allows consumers to live independently in the community. This is achieved by providing funding for rental deposits, rental assistance, utility deposits, utility payments, eye care, and dental care. Eligible individuals are those receiving treatment for a mental illness or co-occurring substance abuse disorder whose household income is below the Federal Poverty Level and can show this is a temporary or one-time need. Payments are not made to service recipients, but instead directly to the vendor, such as the landlord or utility company.

Centerstone Phone: 888.291.HELP (4357) Web: https://centerstone.org/ Counties Served: Bedford, Cheatham, Coffee, Davidson, Dickson, Franklin, Giles, Hamilton, Houston, Lawrence, Lewis, Lincoln, Madison, Marshall, Maury, Montgomery, Robertson, Sumner, Wayne, Williamson and Wilson Mental Health Cooperative 866-816-0433 https://www.mhc-tn.org/ Counties Served: Bedford, Cannon, Cheatham, Coffee, Davidson, Dickson, Giles, Hickman, Houston, Humphreys, Lawrence, Lewis, Macon, Marshall, Maury, Montgomery, Robertson, Rutherford, Stewart, Sumner, Trousdale, Williamson and Wilson Park Center 615-242-3576 https://www.parkcenternashville.org/ County Served: Davidson The Emerging Adults program (https://www.tn.gov/behavioral-health/housing/life-skills.html) is a strengths-based program to support young adults, ages 18-25, who have mental illness or a co-occurring disorder, as they transition to adulthood. Emerge is a life skills program for young adults living with mental illness and/or serious emotional disturbances and/or co-occurring substance use disorders. The Emerge program educates young adults on mental health, substance use disorders, and life skills. Group topics include coping skills, medication education, financial management, nutrition, personal grooming and hygiene, relationship building, and more. While in the Emerge program, young adults actively work toward employment and education goals. Julia Barlar, Director of Emerging Adult Programs Phone: 615-242-3576, ext. 600 Fax: (615) 228-4344 Email: julia.barlar@parkcenternashville.org Deborah Ward, Emerging Adults Housing Supervisor Phone: (615) 242-3576, ext. 601 Fax: (615) 228-4344 Email: deborah.ward@parkcenternashville.org

Tennessee Redline Phone: 1-800-889-9789 The Tennessee Redline is a toll-free telephone service coordinated by the Tennessee Association of Alcohol, Drug and other Addiction Services, under the supervision of the Department of Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities’ Division of Alcohol and Drug Abuse Services. Information specialists are on duty 24 hours a day, 7 days a week to answer questions and provide information and referrals on alcohol, tobacco, other drugs and gambling. TennCare Mental Health and Substance Abuse Resource Phone: 1-800-758-1638 Operators are available to answer questions concerning the TennCare Partners Program Identified Secondary Barrier: Childcare and Children’s Education Head Start Tennessee Service Directory Head Start and Early Head Start are federally funded programs that promote school readiness of children ages 0-5 from eligible families through education, health, social and other supports and services. Tennessee’s Smart Steps Child Care Payment Assistance Program. (https://www.tn.gov/humanservices/for-families/child-care-services/child-care-paymentassistance.html) Parents applying for the Smart Steps program whose income is below the 85th percentile of State Median Income (which can be found on the Income Eligibility and Parent Co-Pay Fee Table using the 85.0% line that coincides with your household size) who have children six (6) weeks to five (5) years old and who work or go to school, or both, for 30 hours or more a week. ● High school or middle school mothers who stay in school and participate in the Teen Parent program. ● Parents in the Families First program who need child care to complete the work activities in their personal responsibility plan. ● Parents whose Families First case has closed can receive transitional child care assistance for 18 months after their Families First case closes IF each parent works 30 hours or more a week. ● Non-parental guardians in the Families First program who need child care for a related child IF the guardian does 30 or more hours of work, training, or education a week. Apply Online at https://cconlineapp.dhs.tn.gov/Home/Login

Identified Secondary Barrier: Transitional Housing and Rental Assistance RentAssistance (https://www.rentassistance.us/) provides a directory of rental assistance agencies and organizations that will help you pay your rent. Some listings are government organizations, others are nonprofits and charities that offer rental assistance programs. Each organization has its own eligibility rules and conditions and you are encouraged to call directly to find out what you need to do. Halfway House Directory (https://halfwayhousedirectory.com/) maintains an extensive catalog of halfway homes for the physical, mental, psychological and emotional treatment of people suffering from substance abuse disorder. If you feel a loved one is going through tough times and requires help, you can contact us on the forum to seek help for them. Transitional Housing (https://www.transitionalhousing.org/state/tennessee) is for those who are looking for transitional housing based on their current needs. Types of transitional housing listed: 3/4 house: Sober living homes that help you transition back to your normal life. Sober Living Home: Homes where residents recover from substance abuse. Halfway House: Variety of homes that can assist residents with substance abuse issues, emotional issues, physical issues and to transition back to society. Recovery Home: Transitional homes where residents recover from alcoholism, drug addiction, mental illness, or handicapping conditions. The state of Tennessee keeps a list of Approved Traditional Housing ● https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/correction/documents/TransitionalHousingList

Chapter 7 - Social Media Hispanic Family Foundation’s Facebook Page https://www.facebook.com/hispanicfamilyfoundation Catholic Charities of Tennessee https://www.facebook.com/hispanicfamilyfoundation Aricindy Guzman aguzman@cctenn.org https://www.catholiccharitiesusa.org/

Goodwill Training Programs: Online & Virtual Trainings: Interviewing for Work, Applying for Work, Explore Jobs Online, Preparing for Success at Work, Resume Writing, Financial Literacy (monthly), Working from Home Training (monthly). Virtual Training Sign Up- 2022 Training Programs Overview & Registration Instructions Basic Digital Literacy/Computer Skills and Resume Class: (FREE) Class topics include: Computer Basics, Email, Online Job Search, Resume Office Productivity Skills Training: (FREE) A two day introduction into the Microsoft Office suite and Google Suite. You will learn Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel, Google Docs and Google Spreadsheets. Call Center: (PAID TRAINING COURSE - $240 after completion of course) A three-week paid training course teaching participants how to manage and respond to incoming phone calls from customers. Trainees may earn a Contact Center Associate certification. Pre-training assessments are required prior to starting training. Please call 615-742-4151 for information. Construction: (PAID TRAINING COURSE - $100/week) A four-week paid construction training program providing classroom and hands-on training to those interested in a construction career. Trainees may earn an NCCER certification. Contact Tim.Kahn@givegw.org. for application information. Custodial: (PAID TRAINING COURSE = $30/DAY) This is a 4-week custodial certificate program.The program is designed for front-line custodians and teaches basic and advanced skills in all areas of commercial building cleaning. Call 615-742-4151 for more information. Forklift: (THIS COURSE COST $100) An OSHA approved forklift certificate program that is a three to four-hour course including classroom instructor led training and hands-on training using a forklift. Some fees may apply for this program. 9 a.m. – 1 p.m. Google IT Professional Certificate Training: Full scholarships are available through Goodwill for an IT training program designed to prepare students for entry level IT positions such as Google IT Support, Facebook Social Media Marketing, Automation With Python, Google Project management, Google Data Analytics, and Google UX Design.