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]e {]mhiyw hoSns‚ hne Ipd-®p. ]s£ I®-hSw \S-°p∂n-√.
Hmlcn hn]Wn F√mw XI¿Øp Chn-SsØ Pohn-X-Øn¬ tÃm°v am¿°-‰n\v \ΩpsS \m´nep-≈-Xn-s\-°m-f-[nIw {]m[m-\y-ap-≠v. am¿°-‰ns‚ KXn Rßsf-sb-√m-h-scbpw Xs∂ {]Xy-£-amtbm ]tcm-£-amtbm _m[n-°pw. ChnsS IqSp-X¬ Bfp-Iƒ°v HmlcnI-fn¬ \nt£-]-ap-≠v. tPmen-bn¬ \n∂p hnc-an® ]e-cp-sSbpw kºmZyw \nt£-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv Hm-lcn hn]-Wnbnem-Wv. 2007 HIvt‰m-_-dn¬ 14,100 IS∂ Uu tPm¨kv Bh-tdPv am¿°‰v C≥UIvkv ˛7000¬ Xmsg hsc CSn-™p-t]m-bn. 70 hb v Ign™v hn{i-a-Po-hnXw \bn-°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n® Fs‚ ]e Iq´p-Imcpw ho≠pw tPmen sNøp-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n®p. ae-bm-fn-Ifpw C¥y-°mcpw BsI kzØn¬ 50 iX-am\w \jvS-s∏-´mepw henb Ipg-∏-an√msX Pohn-t®°pw. ImcWw Ah¿°v Ipd-s®ms° kºm-Zy-ap≠m-Ipw. Ipd™ sNehn¬ Pohn°m\pw Adnbmw. F∂m¬ CsXm-∂p-an-
°p-hm≥ \S-°p∂ Nne {]h¿Ø-\-߃. dn®vau-≠n-ep≈ C¥y-°m¿ ]e klm-b-ßfpw sNøp-∂p-≠v. Ign™ RmbdmgvN Ip¿_m-\bv°p tijw Hcp sUkvIn\p Np‰pw Ipsd Bfp-Iƒ \n¬°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. sXmgn-en-√m-Ø-h¿°v AhnsS hnh-c-߃ sImSp-°mw. Ah¿ tPmen I≠p-]n-Sn-°phm≥ klmbn-°pw. Ah-cpsS tkh\w kuP\yam-Wv.
_pjv \ΩpsS Iq´p-Im-c≥, H_m-atbm? Cdm°v bp≤hpw hntZi \b-Øn¬ ImWn® Al-¶mchpw sIm≠m-bn-cn°mw _pjns\ C¥y-°m¿°v ]Yy-a-s√∂p tXm∂p∂p. F∂m¬ H_m-a-bpsS ]e {]hr-Øn-Ifpw Ata-cn°-bpsS am{Xw Xm¬∏cyw t\m°n-bm-Wv. hmWn-Py-Øn\v kzX{¥ hn]Wn thWw F∂v cmPym-¥c Xe-Øn¬ DZvtLmjn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw ChnsS hmXn-ep-Iƒ sIm´n AS-bv°pIbmWvv. t\gvknwKv cwKØv Bfp-Isf hcp-Øp-∂Xv c≠v sIm√-ambn an°-hmdpw \n¿Øn-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂p. F®v-˛1 _n hnk-Iƒ X¬°mew am‰n-sh-®ncn-°p-∂p. Iw]yq-´¿ cwKØpw a‰pw hntZio-bsc FSp-Øm¬ B Iº-\nIƒ°v Kh¨sa‚ v klm-bw In´p-I-bn-√. kmº-Øn-Icw-KsØ hf¿∂p-h-cp∂ i‡n-tI-{μ-ßsf A¬∏w `b-∏m-tSm-SpIq-Sn-bmWv Ata-cn° t\m°p-∂-Xv. H_m-abpsS {]kw-K-ß-fn¬ CXv hy‡-am-Wv. C¥ysb t]sc-SpØp ]d™v C¥y-bp-ambn a¬k-cn-°m≥ Xbm-dm-I-Wsa∂v Ata-cn-°-°msc DZvt_m[n-∏n-°p-I-bmWv.
C\nbpw Ifn®p \S-∂m¬ icn-bm-In√ Fs¥-¶nepw ]Wn°p t]mtb ]‰q...
amμy-Øns‚ Imc-W-߃
√mØ Ata-cn°-°m-sc {]iv\w h√msX _m[n-°pw. Hmlcn hn]-Wnbnse CSnhv ImcWw Hcphn[w F√m CS-Ø-c-°m-cp-sSbpw ]W-°m-cp-sSbpw BkvXn-bn¬ Imcy-amb Ipdhv h∂n´p≠v. temI-Ønse h≥InS [\n-I-cn-sem-cmfpw- henb \nt£-]-{]-am-Wn-bp-amb hmd≥ _ps^°pw henb \jvSw kln-t°-≠n-h-∂p. At∏mƒ ]ns∂ a‰p-≈-h-cpsS Imcyw ]dtb-≠-Xpt≠m? P\-Iob hnNm-c-W-Iƒ tIc-f-Øns‚ am{Xw IpØ-I-bmsW∂v hnNm-cn-t°-≠. \jvSw ]‰nb Hml-cn-bpS-a-Iƒ Atacn-°≥ C‚¿\m-j-W¬ {Kq∏v F∂ Iº-\n-bpsS amt\-P¿ amcpsS hoSp-I-fn¬ PmY-bmbn t]mbn Ip‰-]{Xw hmbn®pw `ojWn apg-°nbpw {]Xn-tj[w {]I-Sn-∏n-®pht{X.
sXmgn-en-√mbva Hcp sIm√w apºp hsc ChnsS ]e kwÿm-\-ß-fnepw shdpw 4˛5 iX-am\w Bbn-cp∂p sXmgn-en-√m-bva. Ct∏mƒ 8.5 iX-am-\-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Nne-bn-S-sØms° 10-˛12 iX-am\w hsc Bbn-´p-≠v. R߃ Xma-kn-°p∂ dn®vau≠v Hcp CSØcw \K-c-am-Wv. Chn-sS-Øs∂ Ce-Ivt{Sm-WnIv km[-\߃ hn¬°p∂ k¿Iyq´v kn‰n F∂ ÿm]-\-Øn¬ 1500 tPmen-°msc ]ncn-®p-hn-´p. sP≥h¿Øv F∂ C≥jpd≥kv Iº-\n-bn¬ \n∂v 500 t]sc ]d-™-b-®p. Cu c≠v Iº-\n-Ifnepw [mcmfw ae-bm-fn-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tPmen t]mb-hcn¬ Nne¿°v thsd tPmen In´nbn´p-≠m-Imw. thsd tPmen In´mØ F®v-˛1 _n hnk-°m¿ XncnsI \m´n¬ t]mIp-∂p≠v. ChnsS Rß-fp-sS-sbms° hoSp-I-fn¬ A¬∏m¬∏w dn∏-b¿ tPmen sNøp∂ Hcm-fmWv tIm{I≥. Hcp sIm√w apºv tIm{Is\ In´-W-sa-¶n¬ hfsc apºp Xs∂ ]d™v ]e {]mhiyw Hm¿an-∏n-°-Ww. Ipd®v Znhkw apºp tIm{I≥ Ctßm´v hnfn®v h√ tPmen-bp-apt≠m F∂v At\z-jn-°p-∂p≠m-bn-cp-∂p. apsºms° henb Xnc°v D≠m-bn-cp∂ ]m¿°nMv tem´p-Iƒ Hgn-™p-In-S-°p-∂p. tjm∏p-I-fn¬ P\w Ipd-hv. Ata-cn-°-bn¬ saUn-°¬ cwKsØ sNe-hp-Iƒ hln°p-∂Xv `qcn-`m-Khpw C≥jp-d≥kv Iº-\n-I-fm-W-t√m. \s√mcp `mKw Bfp-Iƒ°pw saUn-°¬ C≥jp-d≥kv In´p∂Xv sXmgn-ep-S-a-bn¬ \n∂m-Wv. tPmen t]mbm¬ C≥jpd≥kpw C√m-Xm-Ipw. Npcp°w Nne ÿe-ß-fn¬ sXmgn-en√m-Ø-h¿ sIme-]m-X-I-ß-fn-te°pw a‰p Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ß-fnte°pw Xncn-™-Xmbpw hm¿Ø-I-fp≠v. s{^Uo amIv F∂ Iº-\n-bpsS Xe-h≥ CubnsS Bfl-lXy sNbvXXv Hcp henb hm¿Ø-bm-bn-cp-∂p. sXmgn-en-√mbva aqew IpSpw-_Ønepw kaq-l-Ønepw D≠m-Ip∂ Imins‚ _p≤n-ap-´n-\-∏pdØv hy‡nsb AXp a‰p ]e Xc-Ønepw _m[n-°p-∂p-s≠∂mWv Fs‚ Hcp at\m-tcm-K -hn-Z-Kv[-\mb Nßm-Xn-bpsS A`n-{]m-bw. ]cm-P-b-t_m-[hpw A]-I¿j-Xm-t_m-[hpw hy‡n-Xz-Øn\p Xs∂ CSn-hp-≠m-°p-a-s{X. Ata-cn-°-°m¿ kμ¿`-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v Db-cp-∂-Xns‚ Hcp \√ DZm-l-c-W-amWv ChnsS sXmgn-en-√m-Ø-hsc klm-bn-
hoSp-I-fpsS hne-°p-dhv _m¶p-I-sfbpw _nkn-\-kp-I-sfbpw _m[n-®p-sh∂v apºv kqNn-∏n-®p-ht√m. ISw sImSp-°epw hmßepw hfsc Ipd-™p-t]m-bn. AtXm-Sp-IqSn {]iv\w Pohn-X-Øns‚ F√m Xpd-I-sfbpw _m[n-®p. sXmgn-en-√m-bvabpw h¿[n-®p. \ΩpsS \m´nse coXnbn¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-ambn Chn-SsØ Pohn-X-ssien ISw-hmß-en¬ A[n-jvTn-X-am-bn-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. Chn-SsØ kmº-Øn-Iÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sSbpw hy‡n-I-fp-sSbpw Aan-X-amb ]W-s°mXnbpw amμy-Øns‚ Imc-W-ß-fn¬ s]Sp-∂p. Hcp ]W-bm-[m-cØns\ `mKn®v 100Dw 1000hpw t]¿°v hn‰m¬ IqSp-X¬ em`hpw IΩo-j\pw D≠m-Ipw. hmßp∂ ÿm]-\-ß-fp-sSbpw hy‡n-I-fp-sSbpw Adn-hn¬ \n∂v B[m-c-Øns‚ aqey-sØ-∏‰n-bp≈ ]e Imcy-ßfpw ad®p sh°p-hm\pw ]‰pw. em`Øn\p th≠n ]Ww apS-°p-hm≥ klm-bn-°p∂ ]e ÿm]\-ßfpw shdpw No´p-Iƒ sIm≠p-≠m-°nb s]m≈ aμnc-ßfm-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-sem-∂m-bn-cp∂p amtUm^v F∂ blqZ hwi-Ps‚ ÿm]-\w. s]mfn-™-t∏mƒ iX-tImSn tUmf-dp-IfpsS \jvSw. Ata-cn-°-bnse ]e henb ]W-°mcpw tlmfnhpUv Xmc-ßfpw CXn¬ s]´p-t]m-bn. a‰p ]e cwK-ß-fnse∂ t]msetbm AXn-e-[n-I-am-bnt´m blq-Z-hw-i-°m-cmWv kmºØn-I-cw-KØpw tase-°n-S-bn-ep-≈-h¿. Cu amμy-Øn\p ImcWw Ah-cm-sW∂p ]d™v P\-tcm£w Ah¿s°-Xnsc Db¿t∂-°p-sa∂v Nne¿ °v Bi-¶-bp-≠v. h≥InS Iº-\nIfpw kmº-Øn-I-hn-Z-Kv[cpw sk\-‰¿ tUmWn-s\-t∏m-sebp≈ P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Ifpw Hs° tN¿∂p≈ HØp-I-fn-Ifpw Cu \mi-Øn\p hgn-sX-fn-®n-´p-≠v.
Ncn-{Xw Bh¿Øn-°ptam? B`y-¥c bp≤-Øn\p tijw 1873 apX¬ Hcp \o≠ kmº-Øn-I-am-μy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn\p tijw 1907-ep-≠mb amμy-Øn¬ _m¶p-Iƒ Iq´-tØmsS s]mfn-™p-t]m-bn. 1929¬ Hcp henb XI¿® (t{K‰v Un{]-j≥) Cu cmPysØ sRcp°n. Zmcn-{Zyhpw IjvS-∏mSpw P\-ßsf h√msX _p≤n-ap-´n-®p. 1973epw 1987epw Hmlcn hn]Wn h√msX CSn-™p-t]m-bn. A∂p R߃ Chn-sS-bp-≠m-bn-cp-s∂¶nepw AXns‚ sISp-XnIƒ t\cn¬ A\p-`-h-s∏´ Hcp Hm¿a tXm∂p-∂n-√. 2002-HmsS C‚¿s\‰v Iº-\n-I-fpsS Im‰v t]mbn. Rß-fn¬ ]e¿°pw Ipsd Imiv \jvSw h∂p. F∂mepw AXv P\-Po-hn-XsØ C∂-sØ-t∏mse _m[n-®n-cp-∂n-√.
Ab¬°m-cn-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ kwkm-c-amWv. ""Rm≥ F√m Znhkhpw ssZh-Øn-t\mSv {]m¿∞n-°p∂p-≠v, Fs‚ a°ƒ°v [mcmfw sFizcyw D≠m-I-s´-sb∂v. F∂m-et√ Ah¿ \Ωsf IqSp-X¬ klm-bn°q''. ""Fs‚ tN®o, AXnepw t`Zw ssZh-Øn-t\mSv \Ωsf t\cn´v klm-bn-°p-hm≥ th≠n At]£n-°p-∂-Xt√? _m¶p-Iƒ°v sImSpØ ]Ww GXm-bmepw Dt±-in® coXn-bn¬ sNe-h-gn-°-s∏-´n-√. ]n∂oSv ]Ww ASbv°p-hm≥ _p≤n-ap-´p-∂-hsc t\cn´v klm-bn-°p-hm-\p≈ ]cn]m-Sn-Iƒ sIm≠p-h∂p. CXn\mbn 27500 tImSn tUmf-dns‚ ]≤-Xn-bmWv sIm≠p-h-∂-Xv. ]eni \nc°v ]e {]mhiyw Ipd-®p. kmº-Øn-I -ÿm-]-\-ß-fpsS klm-b-Øn\v 70000 tImSn hI-bn-cp-Øn. _p≤n-ap-´n-emb kwÿm\ Kh¨sa‚pIƒ°v tI{μ Kh¨sa‚ v klmbw sImSp-°p-hm≥ ]cn-]m-Snbn-´p. ]m∏-cm-Ip-hm≥ t]mIp∂ ]e henb Iº-\n-Isfbpw Kh¨sa‚ v klm-bn-®p. 3.6 e£w tImSn tUmf-dns‚ Hcp henb _P‰mWv Ata-cn-°≥ Kh¨sa‚ v CubnsS ]m m°n-b-Xv.
IS-Øn¬ apßnb PohnXw H_m-ab - psS `c-WØ - n¬ 100 Znhkw Ign-™n´pw Imcy-߃ sa®-s∏-´p-sh∂p ]d-bm-dm-bn-´n-√. {]kn-U‚n\pw a‰p ]e¿°pw ip`m-]X v n-hn-izm-ka- p-≠.v F¶nepw Npcp-ßnb ]£w c≠v sIm√w IqSn Ign-™ns´ am‰w I≠p-Xp-Sß - q F∂mWv A\p-am-\n-t°≠Xv. apsºm-cn-°¬ _n¬ tK‰vkv ]d-bp-Ib - p-≠m-bn. ""CXp-hsc Ata-cn° temI-Ønse G‰hpw i‡n-bp≈ cmPy-am-bn-cp-∂p, C\n apX¬ i‡n-bp≈ cmPy-ßf- n¬ H∂p am{X-am-bn-cn-°pw.'' D]-t`m-Kh - k - X v p-°ƒ G‰-hp-a[ - nIw Zp¿hybw sNø-s∏-Sp∂ cmPyamWv Ata-cn-°. Chn-sS-bp-≈h - ¿ IS-Øn¬ apßn-bmWv Pohn-°p∂-X.v an® kºmZyw hfsc Ipd-hpw. Cu kz`m-hhpw kwkvImchpw amtd-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. kmº-Øn-Iÿ - m-]\ - ß - f- psS {]h¿Ø\-co-Xn-bnepw am‰w htc-≠X - p-≠.v Aan-Xe - m-`Ø - n\p th≠n-bp≈ Hm´-Øn\v ISn-™m-Wn-tS-≠n-hc- pw.
a‰p Nne {]iv\-߃ CS-bv°nsS ssN\bpw Ata-cn-°sb sNmdn-bp-∂p-≠v. cmPym-¥c \mWb am\-Z-WvU-ambn tUmf-dn\p ]Icw thsd GsX¶nepw Id≥kn thW-sa-∂mWv Hcp Bh-iyw. Ata-cn°- Cd-°p∂ IS-∏-{X߃ [mcm-f-ambn hmßn-°q-´p∂ Hcp cmPy-amWv ssN\. Ata-cn-°-bpsS kmºØn-I-{]iv\w aqew IS-∏-{X-ß-fn¬ \nt£-]n-®n-cn-°p∂ Xß-fpsS ]Ww In´m-XmIptam F∂ `bw Ah¿ Ata-cn-°sb Adn-bn-°p-∂p-≠v. Ata-cn° Kh¨sa‚ns‚ ]pXnb kmº-ØnI ]cn-jvIm-cß-tfm-sSm∏w Iº-\n-I-fpsS ta¬ Kh¨sa‚ns‚ \nb-{¥-Wßfpw Iq´n-bn-´p-≠v. CubnsS P\-d¬ tamt´m-gvkns‚ Xehs\ Kh¨sa‚ v CS-s]´v am‰p-I-bp-≠m-bn. kzImcy ÿm]-\ßfn¬ DS-a-ÿm-h-Imiw FSp-°p-∂Xpw Ahsb \nb-{¥n-°p∂Xpw CXp-hsc Kh¨sa‚ns‚ Npa-X-e-I-fn¬ s]´n-cp-∂n-√. kzX{¥ hn]-Wn-sbbpw apX-em-fnØ hyh-ÿn-Xn-sbbpw DZvtLm-jn-°p∂ Ata-cn° tkmjy-en-k-Øn-te-°mtWm \oßp-∂Xv? henb klmb ]≤-Xn-Ifpw IΩn _P‰pw sIm≠v cmjv{SØns‚ ISw h¿[n-°pw. Id≥kn A®-Sn-®n-dt°-≠n-h-cpw.tUm-f-dns‚ hne Ipd-bpw. \mWy-s∏-cp∏w h¿[n-°pw. F√m-‰nep-ap-]cn hcpw Xe-ap-dbv°v h√mØ kmº-Øn-I-`mcw hcp-Ønsh-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. CsXm-s°-bmWv ChnsS N¿®sNø-s∏Sp∂ Imcy-ß-fn¬ Nne-Xv. sXc-s™-Sp∏v {]Nm-c-W-Ønepw {]kn-U‚m-b-Xn\p tij-ap≈ {]hr-Øn-I-fnepw H_m-a-bpsS ssien°v ]g-b-Xn¬ \n∂v hyXym-khpw hyXn-cn-‡-X-bp-ap-≠v. ]t£ D]-tZ-i-Icpw a{¥n (sk-{I-´-dn)-amcpw CXn\p apºp≈ Kh¨sa‚p-I-fn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂-h¿ Xs∂-bm-Wv. Cu \miw apgp-h≥ D≠m-°nb hy‡n-Ifpw kmº-Øn-I-ÿm-]-\-ßfpw Xs∂-bmWv {]Xn-hn-[n-Iƒ \n¿tZ-in-°p-∂-Xpw. B \nebv°v Imcy-߃ s]s´∂v ]q¿W-ambn icn-s∏-Sp-sa∂v Bin-°p-hm≥ hI-bn-√. klmbw In´-W-sa-¶n¬ Aan-X-amb t_mWkv ]mSns√∂v ]d-™-t∏mƒ, F¶n¬ Iº\n ]m∏-cm-bmepw th≠n-√, klmbw th≠ (t_m-Wkv hnSn-√) F∂v ]nSnhmin Im´n-b-hcmWv Nne Iº\n Xe-h-∑m¿. Cß-s\-sbm-s°-bm-sW-¶nepw Hcp-hn[w F√m Imcy-ßfnepw Hcp ASn-Ø-dbpw Nn´-bp-ap≈ \mSmWv Ata-cn-°. hn`h-k-ar-≤n-bnepw Ata-cn° tase-°n-S-bn¬X-s∂. AXp-sIm≠v A\p-`-h-ß-fn¬ \n∂v ]Tn®v ho≠pw Cu cmPyw Imew-sIm≠v temI-Ønse Hcp apJy kmº-ØnI Nme-I-i-‡n-bmbn XpScp-sa-∂p-X-s∂-bmWv tXm∂p-∂-Xv.
]cn-lmcw h√-Xp-apt≠m? Kh¨sa‚pw k¿°m¿ ÿm]-\-ßfpw {]iv\-]-cn-lm-cØn\v ]e \S-]-Sn-Ifpw FSp-Øn-´p-≠v. {]kn-U‚ v _pjv NnesX√mw XpS-ßn-sh-®p. AXn\p tijw H_ma h∂-t∏mƒ ho≠pw ]pXnb Nne ]≤-Xn-Iƒ sIm≠p-h-∂n-´p-≠v. 787-00 tImSn tUmf-dmWv BZyw sNe-hm-°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®-Xv. hoSns‚ ISw AS-bv°p-hm≥ hy‡n-Iƒ°p Ign-bm-ØXpw _m¶p-Iƒ ISw sImSp-°p-hm≥ aSn-Im-Wn-®-Xp-am-bn-cp∂p BZy-ambn I≠ {]iv\w. klm-b-ambn h≥ XpI-Iƒ _m¶pIƒ°v sImSp-°p-hm≥ Kh¨sa‚ v Xocp-am-\n-®p. _m¶p-Iƒ B ]Ww hmbv]-bmbn P\-ß-fn-se-Øn-°p-sa-∂mWv hnNm-cn®n-cp-∂-Xv. Cu ]≤Xn ]pdØp h∂-t∏mƒ Ft∂mSv Hcp Iq´pIm-c≥ tNmZn-®p. ""Cu ]Ww t\cn´v P\-߃°v sImSp-°p-∂Xt√ \√Xv?'' Rm≥ AΩ ]d™ Hcp IY Hm¿an-®p. c≠v
[\w hyh-kmb hmWnPy ssZzhm-cnI z sabv 31 & Pq¨ 15, 2009