tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
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opömw&m;ukxHk; (okdY) tewåaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
tm; vHk; t wGuf obm0 w &m; &d yf om/ oef vsif bk &m ; ukef ; o bm 0 w &m; &d yf om &uftuefYtowfr&dS tcsdefjynfhzGifhvSpfonfh&dyfomjzpfygonf/ qGrf;p&dwfay;&efrvdkyg/ touft&G,f? usef;rma&;tajctaeESifh vlrsdK;? bmom? vlwef;pm; uefo Y wfcsurf &dyS g/ d vdktyfvQif vdktyfovdk &dyfomrS tppt&m&m wm0ef,lay;ygonf/ d d d
oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
trsm;tusdK; tcsdefjynfhaqmif&Gufaeaom tm;vHk;twGuf obm0w&m;&dyfom/ oefvsifbk&m;ukef; obm0w&m;&dyfom q&mawmfa[mMum;aom "r®Ekyóem-opömw&m;awmfrsm;em,lvdkygu http://trueanswer.co.cc (Myanmar) http://thabarwa.org (under construction) http://kodiamond.multiply.com (Myanmar) http://mindfulness.moethout.com (Myanmar) http://trueanswer-tmc.blogspot.com (English) http://onlymiddleway.co.cc (English) oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
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tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
-3-
oefvsifbk&m;ukef; obm0w&m;&dyfom (usdKufacgufbk&m;ESifh wm0wuúodkvfMum;) zkef; 056 22707/ 09 73030736 q&mawmf OD;Owårom& (zkef;-09 5085212) q&mr cspfjrwfEdk; (zkef;-09 5194986) OD;ausmfat;? a':cifaqGOD; zkef;-09 5201616/ 09 8595599
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&uftuefYtowfr&dS tcsdefjynfhzGifhvSpfonfh&dyfomjzpfygonf/ qGrf;p&dwfay;&efrvdkyg/ touft&G,f? usef;rma&;tajctaeESifh vlrsdK;? bmom? vlwef;pm; uefYowfcsufr&dSyg/ vdktyfvQif vdktyfovdk &dyfomrS tppt&m&m wm0ef,lay;ygonf/
oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
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trsm;\ tusdK;pD;yGm;tppf udk xdxda&mufa&muf aqmif&Guf omoemjyKaeaom omoemUtmZmenf &[ef;wpfyg; a':oef;oef;at;(ausmufajrmif;)
22.9.2010
uRefremrnfu a':oef;oef;at;jzpfygonf/ uRefronf rdk;ukwfw&m;rsm;udk 2005 ckESpfrSpí 2010 ckESpf {NyDvtxd (5)ESpfeD;yg; tm;xkwfcJh ygonf/ ,ck obm0w&m;&d y f o mrS q&mawmf & J U w&m;rsm;ud k tm;xkwfonfrSm 2010(7)vydkif;rS pí ,ck(9)vydkif;xd (2)vyJ&Sdygao;onf/ oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
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uRefr qdkvdkcsifaom taMumif;uawmh uRefr[m rdk;ukwfw&m;rsm;jzifh tm;xkwfcJhonfrSm (5)ESpfwm rQMumcJhayr,fh aoaocsmcsm em;rvnfaomaMumifh uRefr&JU udavomtpGJawGu ryg;cJhygbl;/ avmu"HeJY awGUBuHKwJhtcgrSm iguw&m;awG tm;xkwfxm;w,f? w&m;pcef;awG (1)ESpf (2)Budrf? (3)Budrf 0ifaewm? olrsm;xufpm&if a'goavsmh&r,f? pdwfaumif;xm; &r,f? olrsm; tay:rSm rauseyfwJhpdwfawGudk avQmhypf& r,f qdkNyD; udk,fhpdwfudkudk,f twif;a'goavQmh? twif; pdwfaumif;xm;&wm? wrifvkyf,l&wm? t&rf;yifyef; vmw,f/ wpfaeY ]]ig rdk;ukwfw&m;awGeJYom w&m;awG tm;xkwfaewm ? igpGJrjyKwfao;ygvm;? udavomawG ryg;ao;ygvm;}} vdkY rSefrSefuefuef awG;rdvmwmeJYyJ oli,fcsif; nDr rvJhtm;xkwfwJh obm0w&m;&dyfomu q&mawmfOD;Owårom&&JU w&m;acGawGudk em;axmif Munfhw,f/ q&mawmf&JU w&m;awGudk aoaocsmcsm tm½kH pdkufNyD; emMunfhvmwmeJYtrQ udk,fwdkiftm;xkwfNyD;rS odxm;wJh cE¨modw&m;? tpGJjzKwfwJhw&m;? wu,f oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
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ppfrSefwJh opömw&m;awGudk a[mxm;w,f qdkwm em;vnf&dyfpm;rdvmwJhtwGuf q&mawmf eJY q&mawmf a[mw&m;udk wu,fMunfndKwJhpdwf? ,HkMunfwJhpdwf awGeJY q&mawmfh&dyfomrSm w&m;oGm; tm;xkwfwJhtjyif xufoefwJh apwem? o'¨gw&m; eJUudk,f&JUqE´twdkif; &dyo f mrSm&Sad eMuaom a,m*D (500) ausmf&UJ qGr;f twGuf aiGvnf;vSL'gef;ygw,f/ q&mawmfonf jrwfpGmbk&m;a[mMum;cJhaom tewåw&m;? opömw&m;rsm;udk yHkazmfía[mMum;&mrSm tvGefawmfygonf/ q&mawmfa[maom w&m;rsm;onf udk,fhoabm ESifhudk,fa[maom w&m;rsm;r[kwfyg/ jrwfpGmbk&m; &Si\ f w&m;rsm;udk ud, k w f ikd t f m;xkwNf yD; cE¨mod?ÓPfod jzifhom w&m;a[mMum;jcif;jzpfygonf/ q&mawmf&JU w&m;rsm;udkemNyD; tm;xkwfwJh tusdK;aMumifh uRefronf avmu"HawGudk cHEdkifvmNyD; udavomtpGJrsm; yg;vmcJY ygonf/ q&mawmfa[maomw&m;rsm;om wpfurÇmvHk; ysUHESHUoGm;vQif vltrsm;onf udavom rsm;yg;NyD; igpG J a wG jyKwf o if h o avmuf j yKwf oG m ;Mur,f v d k Y oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
-7-
,HkMunfrdygonf/ q&mawmfonf trsm;\ tusdK;pD;yGm;tppfudk xd x d a &muf a &muf a qmif & G u f o moemjyKaeaom omoemh tmZmenf &[ef;wpfyg; jzpfonf[k ,HkMunfrd ygonf/ q&mawmfa[maomw&m;rsm;? q&mawmf&JU omoem rsm;rsm;yHsUyGm; EdkifygapvdkY qkawmif;rdygonf/ cE¨mig;yg;-]]azmufjyefysufpD;rIoufoufom}} razmuf r jyef rS e f u ef p G m trS e f w u,f j zpf a ejcif ; }} trSefw&m;udk tqHk;wdkifem;vnfaom tewåÓPf ay:onf txd ,HMk unfrt I jynfjh zifh qufvuf tm;xkwf oG m ;NyD ; q&mawmf b k & m;tm; w&m;em;vnf r I j zif h aus;Zl;qyfoGm;rnf[k qHk;jzwfcsuf csxm;ygonf/ /
oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
-8-
tzdk;rjzwfEdkifwJh uHaumif;jcif; qkvmbf udkarmifarmif0if;
(qef;opf&wema&Tqdkif)
uRefawmfu &efukefNrdKUwmarGNrdKUe,f ausmuf ajrmif;MuD; &yfuGufrSm aexdkifygw,f/ w&m;tm;xk w f w J h t vk y f u d k vk y f j zpf w mawmh MumygNyD? [kwfwdywfwd rvkyfjzpfygbl;/ w&m; tvkyfu wpfckckudk twnf,lNyD; vkyf&rnf[k ,HkMunf vufcHí vkyfcJhygw,f/ wnfMunfvdkuf azmufjyefvdkufeJY orm"djzpffatmif tNrJBudK;pm;í tm;pdkufaecJh&ygw,ff/ trSefajym&&if oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
-9-
w&m;xkid f &wJh tvkyu f oufomrvdek YJ yifyef;qif;&JvS ygw,ff/ w&m;tvkyfudk bmenf;-nmenf; b,fvdkrS nmvdkrSqdkNyD; enf;rsdK;pHkeJY w&m;xdkifcJhonfrSm tcsdef tm;jzifh (10)ESpfausmfcJhygNyD/ q&mawmf OD;Owårom&&JUw&m;acGrsm;udk yxr OD;qHk; rdwfaqG wpfOD;xHrS emMum;cGifh&csdefrSm bmrSr&Sd bmrSr[kwf oabmyJ oknwqdNk yD; a[mawmh uRefawmf rsufpd vnfNyD; bmvkyf&rSef;rod jzpfoGm; ygw,f/ 'geJYuRefawmfh pdwfxJrSm q&mawmfw&m;awGu xl;jcm;rI &Sdw,f? rSefuefxda&mufrI&Sdw,f? taotcsm em;axmifrS jzpfr,fqdkNyD; xyfum xyfum em;axmifjzpf ygw,f/ q&mawmfYw&m;acGeJY w&m;xdkifawmh bmudk twnf,l&rnfudk rodjzpfaecsdefrSm q&mawmfhtvkyfay; w&m;u pdwfudkavQmh½kHav; avQmhxm;&r,f? rsufpdudk rdw S ½f aHk v;rdw S x f m;&r,f? ]]bmudrk S twnf,jl yD; rjyKvkyf &bl;? .... pGefYvTwfwJh tvkyfudkyJ OD;wnfvkyf&r,f? &nf&G,fcsufuif;&r,f? tpGJuif;&r,f? wu,fr[kwf wmawGudk t[kwfxifatmif .... jyKvkyf zefqif;wwf wJhoabm ork',opömyJ jzpfaew,f qdkwmudk odum rwå-od&r,f? xdkifwm&,f b,f£&d,myk'f yJjzpfjzpf jyKvkyfrIwdkif;? vkyfaqmifcsufwdkif;tay: twnf,lrIudk oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
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pGefYvTwfNyD; jyKvkyfzefqif;rItppf ork', opöm tay: todowd eJY tpGJuif;pGmae&r,f/}} vdkY oifMum;ay; ygw,f/ ½dk;&Sif;vGef;aom pum;vHk;rsm;omtoHk;jyKxm;aomf vnf;ÓPfynmBuD;aom q&mawmf\y&rwf yHkazmfrI tm; aumif;vGe;f onfh a[majym vkyaf qmifjycsufawGukd b,fvdkrS rtHhMobJ raeEdkifavmufatmif jzpfrdygw,f/ wpfcsdefu uRefawmfodcJhwJh w&m;awGu tuefY towf pnf;abmifawGeJY odcJh&wm/ q&mawmfu tuefY towfpnf;abmifawGu vGefajrmufwJh y&rwf opö m w&m;awG u d k tvG , f u l q k H ; txd a &muf q H k ; teD;pyfqHk; yHkazmfay;wmyg/ ,cktcguRefawmf udk,fwdkifvnf; w&m;tvkyfudk vkyf½kHoufouf vkyfwwfpjyKvmNyD; bmpGJnmpGJawG vnf; odom xif&Sm;pGm avsmhenf;vmygw,f/ q&mawmfh w&m;awG emMum;cGifh&wm[m tzdk; rjzwfEdkifwJh qkvmbf uHaumif;jcif;wpfckudk &vdkuf ovdkygyJ/ aumif;uH qdk;uHawGeJYywfoufwJhtaumif;pGJ tqdk;pGJ awGudk tcsdefwdkif;rSmpGefYvTwfvmEdkifapzdkY twGuf q&mawmf ajymovdk ork',opömyJjzpfaew,fqdkwJh todeJY BudK;pm;tcsdefukefaeygw,f/ oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
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uRefawmfajymcsifwmu q&mawmfw&m;awGudk taotcsmemMunfhyg? jyD;rS tm;xkwfMunfhyg/ q&mawmfu oefvsifbk&m;ukef; obm0w&m; &dyfomrSm a&mufvmorQudk pm;a&;aea&; tpp t&m&m tqifajyatmiftuefYtowfpnf;rsOf; pnf;abmif odyfrxm;bJvGwfvyfpGmw&m;tm;xkwf cGifhjyKxm;wm tNrJaea,m*Daygif; 500ausmf&dSaeygNyD/ bma,m*D nma,m*D vltdk vlem? vlaumif; vlrrmqdkNyD; cGJjcm;jcif;tvkyfudk rvkyfygbl;/ q&mawmfhobm0w&m;&dyfomu obm0 twdkif;ygyJ/ oef v sif b k & m;uk e f ; obm0w&m; &d y f o mrS m omoem aevdkvvdk xGef;awmufygap? ÓPftvif; a&mufí ÓPf&Sif;EdkifMuygapvdkY uRefawmftaeeJY qkawmif;axmyemjyKtyfygw,f/
oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
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udavomtaESmiftzGJUrSvGwfvyfa&;twGuf vdktyfwJh pdwfvGwfvyfrI a':"r®'dEém (B.Agr.Sc) (a':ESif;arodef;apm)?aemifcsdKNrdKU/
15.9.2010
q&mav;&JUbGJUtrnfu a':"r®'dEémyg/ vlemrnfu a':ESif;arodef;apmjzpfjyD; q&mawmf OD;Owårom&xHa&mufrS oDv&Sifb0udk ul;ajymif; cJhwmyg/ 2006ckESpftxd &Srf;jynf ajrmufydkif; aemifcsdKjrdKU jrefrmhpdkufysdK;a&;vkyfief;rSm jrdKUe,f 'k-refae*smwm0ef xrf;aqmifcJhygw,f/ oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
-13-
vkyfief;cGifrSm pdwfzdpD;rI? udk,fyifyef;rIawGaMumifh tpm tdraf &m*g? tm½Hak Muma&m*g? iSuzf sm;a&m*g? ESv;kH a&m*g pwJha&m*gaygif;pHk&NyD; qufvuf wm0ef rxrf;aqmif EdkifawmhwJhtwGuf tvkyfuEIwf xGufcJhygw,f/ a&m*gaygif;pHkEdSyfpufrIaMumifh a0'emtrsdK;rsdK; cHpm;ae&wJhtwGuf ao&ifvnf;w&m;eJYyJ ao awmhr,f qdkNyD; &dyfomaygif;pHk0ifcJhygw,f/ a&m*g a0'emawGu cPwpfjzKwfoufomovdk &Sdayr,fh aemufydkif;rSm nbuftdyfr&atmif a0'emwdk; vmwJhtwGuf "r®rdwfaqGwpfa,muf&JU vrf;nTef rIeJY qGrf;p&dwfay;p&mrvdk? ao&ifawmif tokb cswJhtxd wm0ef,l apmifha&Smufay;wJh obm0 w&m;&dyfomudk a&mufvmcJhygw,f/ &d y f o ma&muf N yD ; aemuf w pf a eYrS m yJ nbuf tdyfr&atmif OD;acgif;ydkif;wpfckvHk; udkufcJemusif wJha&m*ga0'emur,HkEdkifp&maumif;avmufatmif vHk;0 aysmufuif;csrf;omaewmudk tHhMozG,f BuHKawGUcJh& ygw,f/ xl;jcm;vGef;wJhtwGuf q&mawmfeJYw&m; tay:rSm ,HkMunfrIwdk;NyD; &dyfomrSm 0gwGif;oHk;vaezdkY qHk;jzwfcJhygw,f/ wu,fwrf;rSmawmh qHk;jzwfNyD; &ufydkif; twGif; rSmyJ &dyfomuxGufoGm;csifpdwfawGjzpfvmygw,f/ oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
-14-
taMumif ; &if ; uawmh rD ; avmif j yif x J u Mumyef ; wpfyGifhvdk toGiftjyiftm;jzifh Munfvif at;csrf;NyD;? rsufvHk;rSmvnf; av;eufrI? wnfMunfrI? Nidrf;csrf;rI? NidrfoufrIawGeJY MunfndKzG,f &SdwJh q&mawmf wpfyg; tk y f c sKyf w J h & d y f o muMuH K awG U cJ h & wJ h wjcm;aom &dyfomawGeJYrwl pnf;urf;xdef;odrf;rI tm;enf;ae wJhtwGuf pdwfxJrSm b0ifrus Edkifatmif jzpf&vdkYygyJ/ &dyfomu xGufoGm;r,fhtcdsefrSm iSufzsm;jyefx vmwmaMumif h r oG m ;jzpf a wmh b J q &mawmf & J U vl e m w&m;yGJ&SdwJh tm&Sawmf0ifaq;cef;udkvdkuf oGm;jzpfcJhyg w,f/ at;pdrfhaewJh vlemcef;xJrSm a0'em wpfzufeJY q&mawmf&JUw&m;udk emaewkef; taEG;vdIif;wpfck cE¨m
oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
-15-
udk,fxJudk pD;0if oGm;ovdk cHpm;vdkuf&jyD; w&m;yGJ tNyD;rSm tzsm;aysmufuif; aewmudk tHhMozG,fMuHKawGU &ygw,f/ a0'emawG aysmufuif;oGm;wJh tHhMozG,fjzpf&yfudk ESpfBudrfwdkif MuHKawGUNyD;wJhtcsdefrSmawmh &dyfom tae txm;u b,fvdkyJjzpfaeygap &dyfomrSm qufaeNyD; w&m;udkom em;vnfatmif BudK;pm;r,fvdkY qHk;jzwf vdkufygw,f/ trSefwu,fawmh ppfbuf e,fbuf tkyfcsKyfa&; wm0efawGudk tESpf (30) ausmf wm0ef xrf;aqmifcJhwJh wyfrawmfom;zcifBuD;&JU wif;usyfwhJ pnf;urf; atmuf rSm BuD;jyif;cJh&wJh q&mav;taeeJY udk,fwdkif vnf; 0efxrf;vkyfcJhwJhtjyif pnf;urf;BuD;vSwJh q&mBuD; OD;*dktifum&JU "r®aZmwd(&efukef)&dyfom rSmvufaxmuf refae*sm tvkyfudk (1ESpfcJGcefY) vkyfcJhzl;wmaMumifh rdrd&JU ½I a xmif h u aeNyD ; q&mawmf u d k b,f v d k enf ; eJ Y rS em;rvnfEdkifatmifjzpfcJh&ygw,f/ obm0w&m; &dyfomrSm MuHKawGU&wJh pdwfraus eyfrI? pdwfukefrI? pdwfysufrIawGMum;rSmyJ w&m;udk em;vnfatmif BudK;pm;&mu trSefw&m;udk vufcH vmEdkifwmeJY trQ q&mawmf&JUvkyf&yfudkvnf; ydkNyD; em;vnfvmcJhygw,f/ oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
-16-
EdkifiHwpfEdkifiHrSmvGwfvyfa&;u ta&;tBuD; qHk;yg yJ/ xdkYtwl vlwpfa,muf&JUb0 rSmvnf; udavom taESmiftzGJUrS vGwfvyfa&;u ta&; tBuD;qHk;jzpfw,f vdkY cH,lxm;ygw,f/ tjrifhqHk; vGwfvyfa&;jzpfwJh udavom taESmif tzG J U rS vG w f v yf a &;ud k Bud K ;pm;&mrS m xd k u f o if h w J h cE¨mudk,f vGwfvyfrIeJYpdwfvGwfvyfrI&SdzdkY vdktyfwmudk vnf; vufawGY odem;vnfvmcJhygw,f/ udavom taMumif;udk eufeufeJeJod&Sdxm;wJh q&mawmf taeeJY a,m*Drsm; w&m;BudK;pm; tm;xkwf&m rSm xdkufoifhwJhvGwfvyfcGifhrsm; ay;xm;wmaMumifh wjcm;aom&d y f o mrsm;ES i f h r wl wrl j cm;em;aejcif ; udkvnf; ydkNyD;em;vnfvm&ygw,f/ w&m;vGwfvyfcGifhtaeeJY q&mawmfjywJh w&m; enf;udkyJ tm;xkwf&r,fvdkY pnf;urf; rowfrSwf xm;bJ b,fenf;eJYrqdk tm;xkwfcGifh &Sdaeygw,f/ tcsdefjynfh&dyfom zGifhxm;wJhtwGuf tcsdefra½G; w&m;pcef;0ifEdkifygw,f/ "r®m½HkrSmvnf; aeYnra½G; w&m;xdkifcGifhay;wJhtwGuf w&m;tvkyf eJU ywfoufNyD; vnf; pdwfvGwfvyfrI&Muygw,f/ touft&G,f uefYowfrxm;wJhtwGuf rlvwef; uav; t½G,fupNyD; &mausmf tbdk;tbGm;rsm;txd oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
-17-
b,ftouft½G,frqdk w&m; tm;xkwfEdkifMuygw,f/ touf(105)ESpf tbGm; wpfOD; vma&muf w&m;pcef; 0ifaejcif;u t½G,f vGwfvyfrIudk xif&Sm;apygw,f/ rnfonfha&m*ga0'em&Sifrqdk a&m*gtajc tae b,favmufq;kd 0g;onfjzpfap w&m; tm;xkwEf ikd af tmif jyKpkapmifha&Smufay;wJhtwGuf AIDS a0'em&Sifrsm;yg vma&mufw&m;tm;xkwf aeygw,f/ rnfonfhb0tajctaersdK;udkrqdk w&m; tm; xkwfcGifh &atmif apmifha&SmufpDpOfay;wJh twGuf taMumif;trsdK;rsdK;aMumifh vrf;ab; a&mufaeaom tbdk;tdk? tbGm;tdkrsm;yg w&m;tm;udk;cGifh&Muygw,f/ npmpm;zdkYvdktyfwJh oufBuD;½G,ftkdeJY vlrrmrsm;udk npmpDpOfay;NyD; vlemrsm;awmif;qdk wJhtm[m& rsm;udk vnf; q&mawmf qGr;f cH&onf rsm;xJrS tqifajy atmif pDpOfay;jcif;aMumifh tpm;tpmeJYywfoufwJh pdwf \vGwfvyfrIvnf; &Muygw,f/ oMum;&JYt&omudk udk,fwdkifpm;MunfhrS odEdkifo vdk vGwv f yfr&I UJ t"dygÜ ,fuv kd nf;ud, k af wGU MuHKrSov d m& ygw,f/ q&mawmftaeeJY a,m*Drsm;twGuf vdktyfwJh vGwfvyfrIrsm;ay;xm;jcif;rSm udavomtaESmiftzGJUrS vGwfvyfatmif BudK;yrf;Edkifa&;twGuf OD;wnfvrf;cif; oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
-18-
ay;xm;jcif ; om jzpf a Mumif ; ud k v nf ; od e m;vnf vmcJhygw,f/ q&mawmf&JUBuD;rm;vSwJh arwåm apwem t&dyfrSm &moufyefcdkvHINyD; &dyfomtwGufvdktyfwJh oD;yif pm;yifrsm; pdkufysdK;&mrSm wwfpGrf;orQ ulnD jcif;eJYtwl udavomtaESmiftzGJUrS t<uif;rJh vGwfvyfa&; twGuf BudK;pm;oGm;zdkY oEdé|mefcs xm;ygw,f/ /
oefvsif bk&m;ukef; obm0 w&m; &dyfom
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
-19-
uk o d k v f tuk o d k v f -ukodkvftaMumif;w&m;aMumifh a&m*guif;? jyóemuif ; ? pm;0wf f a ea&;tqif f a jyrI ? pd w f csrf;omrIpwJhaumif;wJhtusdK;w&m;awGjzpfwm/ -tukodkvftaMumif;w&m;aMumifh a&m*grsm;? jyóemrsm;? pm;0wfaea&;tqifrajyrI pwJh raumif;wJh tusdK;w&m;awGjzpfwm/
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tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
pdwf&Sif;-b0&Sif; ? pdwf½Iyf-b0½Iyf pdwfMurf;-b0Murf;? pdwf ysuf-b0ysuf pd w f a jymif ; -b0ajymif ; /
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-20-
tewÅaqmif;yg;rsm; (2-2011)
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-21-
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