SELF-SHADOWING
Portfolio October 08 - January 09
Architecture needs the inspiration from the nature
Edited by Liu, Ko-cheng
前言
目錄
L 01
仙人掌
OGIC in the NATURE
Cactus Research 01
02
L 01
OGIC in the NATURE
03
Area in sun project Area in shadow
The creatures in the nature always follow their own principles and grow up with these specific evolutions. It also takes place in the cactus. The cactus has the advantages that it has the ribs extruding from its surface. According to the report, the main reason is to keep the surface in a lower temperature because these ribs can help generate the shadows depending on the sun location. So that the water can efficiently be contained inside the cactus from the evaporation. Moreover, when the cactus grows up, the ribs become twisted gradually. This is also because the twisted ribs can generate more percentages of shadows than the normal ones. Therefore, in this project, the logic of how the ribs of cactus are formed and located would be the main focus. This would be extracted and used as the fundamental idea of the project.
04
L 01
OGIC in the NATURE N
W
E
S Growth direction
The cactus also has the characteristics that it leans to the south-west when it grows up. Because it has greatly to do with the sun location. In this way, the cactus can gain more shadows by itself, cool down the surface and then keep the water from evaporation as the main purpose so that it can survive in the cruel environment. Therefore, with these intellegent growth of cactus, this motivates me to put the idea into architectural design. The next step is to cultivate how the growth of ribs influence the shadows and transform it into architecture.
05
06
S 02
TRATEGY in the PROJECT
5
07
Based on the previous research, this project aims at finding out the most efficient way to generate shadows by building itself. Thus, starting with different typologies is the main operation in the process as well as the input of geometry. Calculating the percentages of shadows in each model takes one of the most important parts in the project becasue the goal is to dig out the most intellegent one and have the ability to compare each other. Accordingly, the use of the scripting in maya software is the most powerful tool because it greatly helps to define sun and shadow area, and paint the area with predefined color in a graphic way. The most important is that it uses mathematic method to calculate the percentages.
Sun exposure re Shadow 52° 31’0’’N 13° 25’ 0’’ E
Examples (Calculating and Rendering in Maya)
08
S 02
TRATEGY in the PROJECT
09
10
O 03 PERATION
in the PROJECT
Starting with different operations of models is the first step in the process. This is to find out the most successful method and be operated later. Therefore, calculation of shadow percentages and comparison with each other are the most important thing at this stage. What matters most is the set up of the criteria so that each model can be compared at the same level and it helps to clearify the best one. Below is the criteria: Lift
2
Floor area: 36,000 m Height : 160 m Location: Dubai Latitude: 25°15'39.72"N Longitude: 55°19'57.53"E Date: 21th August Time: 12:00 pm
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1
2
3
4
5
Operation Geometry
Average
Option1 % of shadows
50%
49.3%
56.1%
59.2%
57.3%
54.3%
53.4%
56.4%
64.5%
67.8%
60.3%
60.5%
63.3%
59.3%
66.9%
71.8%
66.4%
65.5%
69.1%
66.3%
66.7%
66.1%
67.9%
67.8%
66.0%
65.7%
Option2 % of shadows Option3 % of shadows Option4
% of shadows 60.8%
67.0%
Option5
% of shadows 63.8%
62.8%
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O 03 PERATION
1
2
3
4
5
6
in the PROJECT
7
In this stage, two strategies are extracted as the main study because these two are the most successful models which can generate shadows by itself mostly according to the previous result. Thus, the next step will have more detailed changes of model based on these two strategies.
Strategy1: Twist 1 Apparently, the more twist or ribs the model has, the more shadows it geneates by itself in accordance with the results. However, from the perspective of architecture, it will waste too much space if the operation exceed the limitation. And thus, the calculation will stop at some certain level and be optimized.
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2
3
4
5
Strategy2: Position
6
7
Strategy1: Twist
3
2
1
1
2 o
3 o
90
o
270
67.0%
67.9%
4
5 o
225
68.7%
6 o
210
285
68.9%
7
6
5
4
72.3%
7 o
330
73.9%
o
345
75.2%
Percentage of shadows
Strategy2: Position
2
1
3
7
6
5
4
1 2 ribs
2 3 ribs
3 4 ribs
4 5 ribs
5 6 ribs
6 7 ribs
7 8 ribs
69.1%
70.9%
73.0%
75.9%
76.3%
77.9%
80.1%
Percentage of shadows
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O 03 PERATION
Elevation
East
West
in the PROJECT
South
North
Operation
160m +
=
2
36,000 m in totall floor plans
Continuing and combining the best two models are the final stage. As a result, this model can gain the most shadows by itself. For the following step, the analysis of the shadows during a day plays an important role in this model because this helps to understand where the shadows locate. Once the sun and shadow area are defined by the changes of time, the functions can start to be put inside the space in an intelligent way. Especially, the office is the main function taking place inside the tower so that each activity needs to be well located, depending on whether the space is occupied by sun or shadows.
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Dubai Date:21th, August (Hottest day) Time:12:00 pm 9:00
10:00
11:00
12:00
13:00
14:00
15:00
16:00
17:00
East
West
South
North
Percentage of shadows
Advantage1
Average 61.5%
70.2%
77.4%
83.1%
73.7%
67.2%
62.9%
60.5%
59.6%
68.5%
Advantage2
Areas where shodows generate most
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A 04
RCHITECTURE
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18
A 04
RCHITECTURE
Plan Scale
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m 1:500
30F n Su
ht il g
Office 96.31 m
2
A
A’ Office 138.40 m
Office 137.87 m
2
2
Office 107.39 m
Cafe 90.10 m
2
2
Shadows
Green Area 21.54 m
2
29F
Office 223.01m
Office 229.16 m
2
2
Service Centerr 75.05 m 2
160m Green Area 21.54 m
2
28F
Office 315.35 m
Office 293.78 m
2
2
West
East
Service Center 86.97m 2
Green Area 21.54m
2
A
A’
Section Scale m 1:800 Foot print: 38m Area where sun project most 20
21
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