Conditional Sentences. First
Type.-Nothing
Implied posed
as to Case.
the
199 Reality
of the
Sup-
302. I. Here we regularly have the Indicative in both Protasis and Apodosis. Any tense may be used; as,si hoc credis, erras, if you believe this, you are mistaeen ; natiiram si sequernur, numquam aberrabimus, if we follow
Nature,
we slzall neuer go astray; if you said this, you were in error.
si hoc di:xisti, errasti,
2. Sometimes the Protasis takes the Indefinite Second Person Singular (§ 356, 3) of the Present or Perfect Subjunctive, with the force of the Indicative j as,-
memoria
minuitur,
nisi eam exeroeaa,
memory is impaired unless
you exercise it. 3. Here belong also those conditional sentences in which the Protasis denotes a repeated action (compare §§ 287, 2 j 288, 3) j as,si quis equitum
deciderat,
pedites
ctrcumstatebant,
if
anyone
of the horsemen fell, the foot-soldiers gathered about ltim. a. Instead of the Indicative, Livy and subsequent writers employ the Subjunctive of the Historical tenses in the Protasis to denote repeated action j as,si dicendo quis diem eximeret, if (ever) anybody consumed a day in pleading,. si quando adstderet, if ever he sat by.
4. Where the sense demands it, the Apodosis in conditional sentences of the First Type may be an Imperative or one of the Independent Subjunctives (Hortatory, Deliberative, etc.); as,8i hoc creditis, si hoc credimus, Second
if you
tacete,
taceamus, Type. -
believe tlzis, be silent ; believe tllis, let us keep silent,
if we
, Should'·'
Would'
Conditions.
303. Here we regularly have the Subjunctive (of the Pres. ent or Perfect tense) in both Protasis and Apodosis; as,si hoc dicas, erres, SI hoc di:xeris, erraverfa, si velim
if
Hannibalis
}
proelia
if
you should say this, you would be mistaken. omnia
describere,
dies me deficiat,
I should wislz to describe all tlze battles of Hannioai, would faii me ;
tifnl