FMS
FIRE AND SECURITY LTD
DESIGN • INSTALLATION • SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE OF FIRE • SECURITY • ACCESS CONTROL AND CCTV SYSTEMS
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Welcome to A guide to BS5839 Part 1:2002 From FMS Fire and Security Ltd This booklet is designed to provide essential information on key points from BS5839 Part 1. Identified as being important for the installer of fire detection products. It should never be used as a substitute for the Standard itself which should always be read in full. The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order (RRO) became law on 1st October 2006
It is a legal requirement that you comply with the Order. The RRO: 타 Fire Certificates are no longer issued by Fire authorities. Those previously in force have no legal status. The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order (known as the RRO) replaces most fire safety legislation with one new order. It means that any person who has a level of control in premises must take steps to reduce the risk from fire and should consider how best to contain a fire should one break out and ensure occupants can escape safely and quickly. The Order applies to nearly all premises, building structure and open space.
타 타
All fire alarm designs must be based on a Fire Risk Assessment. Fire Risk Assessments should be reviewed annually. Fire Risk Assessments should only be carried out by a competent person.
If you would like more information on the best fire detection equipment for your premises contact: FMS Fire and Security Ltd. E-info@fmsfireandsecurity.co.uk W-fmsfireandsecurity.co.uk
Further detailed information can be found for the standard from BSI directly, visit their web site: 2
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L3
P1
P1 P2
P2
L4
L1
L2
AFD*installed throughout all areas AFD installed only in defined areas
L L1 L2 L3
AFD primarily designed to protect human life AFD installed throughout all areas AFD installed in defined areas in addition to L3 AFD installed in escape routes and rooms opening onto those routes L4 AFD installed in escape routes comprising circulation areas and spaces such as corridors and stairways L5 A non-prescriptive system in which protected area(s) is designed to satisfy a specific fire risk objective (other than that of L1 to L4) M System designed to be operated manually (no AFD) * AFD Automatic Fire Detection Some areas can be categorised as combined, for example P1/M
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FIRE
Alarm device circuits should be arranged so that in the event of a fault at least one sounder will remain operational during a fire condition.
65dB ( A ) @ 500Hz to 1,000Hz
+5dB ( A ) @ 500Hz to 1,000Hz
Sufficient sounders, operating within the frequency range of 500Hz to 1,000Hz, should be installed to ensure that a sound pressure of 65dB ( A ) or 5dB ( A ) above a background noise (if lasting more than 30 secs) at all accessible points with all doors closed. This may be reduced to 60dB ( A ) in stairways or enclosures less than 60m2 excluding corridors. 4
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75dB ( A )
For areas where people sleep, sounder devices should produce a minimum 75dB ( A ) at the bed-head with all doors closed. This may require a sounder to be installed within the room.
-20dB ( A )
-30dB ( A )
Decibel loss occurs through doors: approximately -20dB ( A ), through a normal door, and approximately -30dB (A ) through a fire door.
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2m
Unless MICC cable is utilised, all cabling should be mechanically protected from floor level up to a height of 2m. In relatively benign areas such as shops, offices and similar, cabling can be clipped to robust walls etc.
^
2.1m
Visual alarms such as strobes, beacons or remote indicators should be mounted at a minimum of 2.1m from finished floor level.
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45m MAX
No one should have to travel more than 45m along an escape route to reach a manual call point. 25m if disabled person to operate, or in areas where a higher fire hazard is recognised ie. kitchens, paint booths etc.
60m MAX
A person searching a zone for a fire should not have to travel more than 60m from the point of entry into the zone to identify the source of a fire.
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7.5m
SMOKE DEVICES 10.6m x 10.6m = 112m2
5.3m
10.6m
When mounted on a flat ceiling, smoke detection devices have an individual coverage of 7.5m radius. These radii must overlap to ensure there are no ‘blind spots’. Therefore individual coverage can be represented by a square measuring 10.6m x 10.6m giving an actual area coverage of 112m2 per device.
5.3m
HEAT DEVICES 7.5m x 7.5m = 56.3m2
3.8m
7.5m
Heat detection devices have an individual coverage of 5.3m radius. However these radii must overlap to ensure there are no ‘blind spots’. Therefore the individual coverage can be represented by a square measuring 7.5m x 7.5m giving an area coverage of 56.3m2 per device. 8
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7.5m
7.5m
7.5m
2m
15m
15m
SMOKE DEVICES
In corridors less than 2m wide the horizontal spacing of smoke detectors may be increased, the areas of coverage need not overlap as in the case of a room.
5.3m
5.3m
5.3m
2m
10.6m
10.6m
HEAT DEVICES
In corridors less than 2m wide the horizontal spacing of heat detectors may be increased, the areas of coverage need not overlap. If a corridor is deemed part of an escape route heat detectors should not be installed due to the possibility of smoke hazard. 9
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x
100mm
less than 200mm
LIGHT FITTING
x
less than 300mm
less than 500mm
x
Partition
less than 500mm
Beam
Detection devices should not be mounted closer than twice the depth of any obstruction less than 250mm or 10% of the ceiling height.
A device should not be mounted within 500mm of any obstruction. If the top of a solid partition is less than 300mm from ceiling then treat it as a wall. Similarly, ceiling obstructions such as beams should be treated as walls if deeper than 10% of the ceiling height. 10
Greater than 10% ceiling height
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Greater than 1m
Air inlet or Conditioning vent
Do not place detectors less than 1m from air inlets or air conditioning units.
Less than 800mm
Voids less than 800mm in height need not have independent coverage, unless fire or smoke is able to spread from one area to another through the void or risk assessment shows AFD (Automatic Fire Detection) to be necessary. 11
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--------------------------
--------------------------
Apex <150mm
Apex <600mm
Apex >150mm
Heat Device
Smoke Device
Heat Device
Apex >600mm
Smoke Device
For ceilings that feature an apex: as long as the height of the apex from the rest of the ceiling is less than 150mm for Heat Detectors or less that 600mm for Smoke Detectors then these can be treated the same as flat ceilings. For higher apexs, a device should be installed at the highest point. The distance to adjacent devices can be increased by 1% per degree of angle of the roof up to a maximum of 25%. Detector Type
Ceiling height (m) General limits
Heat Detectors BS EN 54-5 Part 5 Class A1 (rate of rise) Other Classes (fixed temp)
9.0 7.5
Point smoke detectors
10.5
Carbon Monoxide Detectors
10.5
Aspirating Smoke Detection
Normal 10.5
Systems (Category 1)
Enhanced 12.0 Very high 15.0
Optical Beam Smoke Detectors BS EN 54-12
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x
Enclosed stairways should have a detector at the top of the stairway and on each main landing.
Lift shaft
Lift shaft
1.5m
Vertical shafts like lifts and stairways should have a device mounted within 1.5m of any opening.
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EOL built in
FIRE
Mains supply
Fire resistant cabling is now required within the whole fire alarm system including the mains supply. The use of non-fire resisting cables whether mechanically protected by fire-resisting construction or not, will no longer comply with BS5839 Part 1.
FIRE
Isolator Isolator 2000m2 2000m2
Isolator
2000m2 2000m2
Isolator
2000m2
Isolator
Short circuit Isolators should be installed to limit the loss of fire cover caused by single fault to 2,000m2. The loss of fire cover caused by two simultaneous faults should be limited to 10,000m2. This will therefore restrict the cover provided by any analogue loop to 10,000m2 maximum. 14
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__ 1.4m (+/- 200mm)
Manual call points should be positioned 1.4m (+/- 200mm) from finished floor level and if sited below 1.2m a variation will be required. They may be flush-mounted if readily visible but if required to be seen from the side (for example, in a corridor) they should be 15mm proud of the wall.
Final Exit
Roller shutter door
Storey Exit
Manual call points should be positioned at: 타 All storey exits and identified, at the CIE, as existing within the storey. 타 All final exits to open air. A final exit from an escape stairway may be identified, at the CIE, as existing within the stairway. 15
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25mm
------------------------150mm Thermistor
------------------------Heat Device
The sensing element of a Heat Detection device should not be less than 25mm below ceiling, and not greater than 150mm below the ceiling.
25mm
-------------------------
600mm Smoke Device
------------------------The sensing element of a Smoke Detection device (photoelectric chamber) should not be less than 25mm below the ceiling, and not greater than 600mm below the ceiling.
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FMS Example considerations:
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Ÿ An installation certificate will be required. (Section 41.2) Ÿ Full documentation required, test results as fitted drawings etc. (40) Ÿ A minimum of one Sounder is required in each fire compartment. (16.2.1i) Ÿ Disabled toilets should be fitted with Sounders and Beacons. (18.1) Ÿ If the ambient background noise level is over 90dB visual alarms (Beacons) are required. (17.2a) Ÿ Bells and Electronic Sounders cannot be mixed. (16.2.1c) Ÿ Linear heat detection cable space as Heat Detectors. (22.3) Ÿ Call Points are required at all exits to the open airwhether or not the exits are specifically designed to be exits. (20.2c) Ÿ All mains supply Isolators must be double pole and suitably marked. (25.2c&f) Ÿ All cables to be fire resisting with a minimum crosssectional area of 1mm2. (26.2j) Ÿ All joints to be fire resisting, junction boxes to be labelled ‘FIRE ALARM’. (26.2) 17
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Sample installation points: Ÿ The System complies with the original specification / design. Ÿ System has been installed to meet the requirements of L1 through to L5 and P1 to P2 or other. Ÿ Cables meet requirements for standard / enhanced / mixed and are mechanically protected. Ÿ Junction boxes are correctly labelled and identified on drawings. Connector boxes are fire resistant. Ÿ All batteries are clearly marked and labelled with date of installation. Ÿ Detector type and spacing is appropriate to the system category. Ÿ Zone charts have been fitted in all appropriate locations (adjacent to control equipment and repeaters). Ÿ Log book and operating instructions have been issued to the responsible person. Ÿ There are a minimum of two sounder circuits installed. Ÿ Mains supply is dedicated, non-switched, correctly fused and labelled. Ÿ Isolators are fitted as appropriate, operate correctly and are marked on drawings. 18
FMS FIRE AND SECURITY LTD FMS Fire and Security are independent of any individual manufacturer and as such are not restricted in selecting the best product for each individual application. We provide a comprehensive range of equipment including: •
Fire Alarm Systems Advanced Electronics Apollo Fire Detectors Ltd. C-TEC EMS Fire Systems Kentec Electronics Ltd. Klaxon Signals Ltd. Xtralis
•
Access Control Systems Aperio Gateway System (XPLAN) Honeywell (WIN-PAK) Lenel Systems International (OnGuard) Paxton Access Ltd. (NET2)
•
CCTV Systems Axis Communications Honeywell Lenel Systems International Panasonic Pelco
•
Intruder Alarm Systems Guardall PX Honeywell (Galaxy) Pyronix
•
Disabled Refuge Systems Baldwin Boxall Communications C-TEC
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A selection of organisations FMS is proud to work in partnership with: Erskine Stewartâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Melville Schools The University of Edinburgh The Scottish Police College The Sheraton Grand Hotel National Portrait Gallery Anderson Strathern LLP Rosslyn Chapel Trust Baillie Gifford Mount Stuart Marathon Oil Network Rail Chevron
The information contained in this Guide is given for information only. It is in no way a substitute for the standard which should be read in full. FMS cannot be held responsible for any errors or omissions.
T-0131 440 4123 E-info@fmsfireandsecurity.co.uk W-www.fmsfireandsecurity.co.uk