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ECO 561 FINAL EXAM (LATEST) ECO 561 FINAL EXAM (LATEST) ECO 561 FINAL EXAM (100% CORRECT) 1) SUPPOSE THAT IN THE CLOTHING MARKET, PRODUCTION COSTS HAVE FALLEN, BUT THE EQUILIBRIUM PRICE AND QUANTITY PURCHASED HAVE BOTH INCREASED. BASED ON THIS INFORMATION YOU CAN CONCLUDE THAT
A. THE SUPPLY OF CLOTHING HAS GROWN FASTER THAN THE DEMAND FOR CLOTHING B. DEMAND FOR CLOTHING HAS GROWN FASTER THAN THE SUPPLY OF CLOTHING C. THE SUPPLY OF AND DEMAND FOR CLOTHING HAVE GROWN BY THE SAME PROPORTION D. THERE IS NO WAY TO DETERMINE WHAT HAS HAPPENED TO SUPPLY AND DEMAND WITH THIS INFORMATION
2) CAMILLE'S CREATIONS AND JULIA'S JEWELS BOTH SELL BEADS IN A COMPETITIVE MARKET. IF AT THE MARKET PRICE OF $5, BOTH ARE RUNNING OUT OF BEADS TO SELL (THEY CAN'T KEEP UP WITH THE QUANTITY DEMANDED AT THAT PRICE), THEN WE WOULD EXPECT BOTH CAMILLE'S AND JULIA'S TO: A. RAISE THEIR PRICE AND REDUCE THEIR QUANTITY SUPPLIED B. RAISE THEIR PRICE AND INCREASE THEIR QUANTITY SUPPLIED C. LOWER THEIR PRICE AND REDUCE THEIR QUANTITY SUPPLIED D. LOWER THEIR PRICE AND INCREASE THEIR QUANTITY SUPPLIED
3) IN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING INDUSTRIES ARE ECONOMIES OF SCALE EXHAUSTED AT RELATIVELY LOW LEVELS OF OUTPUT? A. AIRCRAFT PRODUCTION B. AUTOMOBILE MANUFACTURING C. CONCRETE MIXING D. NEWSPAPER PRINTING
4) THE AVERAGE COST CURVES (AVC AND ATC) SHOULD BE MINIMIZED
A. WHERE MC = ATC AND MC = AVC B. WHERE FC = ATC AND FC = AVC C. WHERE TC STARTS TO INCREASE AT A FASTER RATE D. WHERE ATC = AVC
5) IF THE WAGE RATE INCREASES, A. A PURELY COMPETITIVE PRODUCER WILL HIRE LESS LABOUR, BUT AN IMPERFECTLY COMPETITIVE PRODUCER WILL NOT B. AN IMPERFECTLY COMPETITIVE PRODUCER WILL HIRE LESS LABOUR, BUT A PURELY COMPETITIVE PRODUCER WILL NOT C. A PURELY COMPETITIVE AND AN IMPERFECTLY COMPETITIVE PRODUCER WILL BOTH HIRE LESS LABOUR D. AN IMPERFECTLY COMPETITIVE PRODUCER MAY FIND IT PROFITABLE TO HIRE EITHER MORE OR LESS LABOUR
6) THE REAL WAGE WILL RISE IF THE NOMINAL WAGE A. FALLS MORE RAPIDLY THAN THE GENERAL PRICE LEVEL B. INCREASES AT THE SAME RATE AS LABOR PRODUCTIVITY C. INCREASES MORE RAPIDLY THAN THE GENERAL PRICE LEVEL D. FALLS AT THE SAME RATE AS THE GENERAL PRICE LEVEL
7) CONSTRUCTION WORKERS FREQUENTLY SPONSOR POLITICAL LOBBYING IN SUPPORT OF GREATER PUBLIC SPENDING ON HIGHWAYS AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS. ONE REASON THEY DO THIS IS TO A. RESTRICT THE SUPPLY OF CONSTRUCTION WORKERS
B. INCREASE THE ELASTICITY OF DEMAND FOR CONSTRUCTION WORKERS C. INCREASE THE DEMAND FOR CONSTRUCTION WORKERS D. INCREASE THE PRICE OF SUBSTITUTE INPUTS
8) PAYING AN ABOVE-EQUILIBRIUM WAGE RATE MIGHT REDUCE UNIT LABOUR COSTS BY A. PERMITTING THE FIRM TO ATTRACT LOWER-QUALITY LABOUR B. INCREASING THE COST TO WORKERS OF BEING FIRED FOR SHIRKING C. INCREASING VOLUNTARY WORKER TURNOVER D. INCREASING THE SUPPLY OF LABOUR
9) A GOOD REAL-WORLD EXAMPLE OF MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION IS A. LAWYERS B. GAS STATIONS C. TIME WARNER CABLE D. GROCERIES STORE
10) AN INDUSTRY COMPRISING A SMALL NUMBER OF FIRMS, EACH OF WHICH CONSIDERS THE POTENTIAL REACTIONS OF ITS RIVALS IN MAKING PRICE-OUTPUT DECISIONS, IS CALLED A. MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION B. OLIGOPOLY C. PURE MONOPOLY D. PURE COMPETITION
11) PRICE IS CONSTANT OR GIVEN TO THE INDIVIDUAL FIRM SELLING IN A PURELY COMPETITIVE MARKET BECAUSE A. THE FIRM'S DEMAND CURVE IS DOWNWARD SLOPING B. OF PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION REINFORCED BY EXTENSIVE ADVERTISING C. EACH SELLER SUPPLIES A NEGLIGIBLE FRACTION OF TOTAL SUPPLY D. THERE ARE NO GOOD SUBSTITUTES FOR ITS PRODUCT
12) THE MOST IMPORTANT PRICING STRATEGY FOR A PERFECTLY COMPETITIVE FIRM IS A. MINIMIZING COST B. MAXIMIZING SALES C. PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION D. ADVERTISING
13) WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A NONPRICE BARRIER OF ENTRY? A. HUGE SUNK COST B. DISCOUNTS C. PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION D. ADVERTISING
14) A THIRD-DEGREE PRICE DISCRIMINATION CAN BE APPLIED TO WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING MARKET STRUCTURES? A. A MONOPOLY
B. AN OLIGOPOLY C. A MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION D. A PERFECT COMPETITION
15) INVESTING IN R&D IS MORE LIKELY TO OCCUR IN MARKETS WHERE A. FIRMS HAVE MONOPOLY POWER PROTECTED BY REGULATORY BARRIERS B. MARKETS ARE CLOSELY COMPETITIVE MARKETS WITH CLOSE TO ZERO ECONOMIC PROFITS C. MARKETS ARE OLIGOPOLY MARKETS WITH STRONG COLLUSION AGREEMENTS D. MARKETS ARE MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITIVE MARKETS
16) ALL ECONOMIES OF SCALE ARE ACHIEVED AT THE MINIMUM OF A. AVERAGE TOTAL COST B. TOTAL COST C. AVERAGE VARIABLE COST D. AVERAGE FIXED COST
17) INFLATION IS UNDESIRABLE BECAUSE IT A. ARBITRARILY REDISTRIBUTES REAL INCOME AND WEALTH B. INVARIABLY LEADS TO HYPERINFLATION C. USUALLY IS ACCOMPANIED BY DECLINING REAL GDP D. REDUCES EVERYONE’S STANDARD OF LIVING IN THE SAME PRO
PORTION
18) AN ECONOMY’S AGGREGATE DEMAND CURVE SHIFTS LEFTWARD OR RIGHTWARD BY MORE THAN CHANGES IN INITIAL SPENDING BECAUSE OF THE A. NET EXPORT EFFECT B. WEALTH EFFECT C. REAL-BALANCES EFFECT D. MULTIPLIER EFFECT
19) SUPPOSE PRODUCTIVITY RISES IN A PARTICULAR ECONOMY, BUT WAGES STAY THE SAME. OTHER THINGS EQUAL, A. THE DEMAND CURVE WILL SHIFT LEFTWARD B. THE SUPPLY CURVE WILL SHIFT RIGHTWARD C. THE SUPPLY CURVE WILL SHIFT LEFTWARD D. EXPENDITURES CURVE WILL SHIFT RIGHTWARD
20) IF PERSONAL TAXES WERE DECREASED AND RESOURCE PRODUCTIVITY INCREASED SIMULTANEOUSLY, THE EQUILIBRIUM A. OUTPUT WOULD RISE B. OUTPUT WOULD FALL C. PRICE LEVEL WOULD NECESSARILY FALL D. PRICE LEVEL WOULD NECESSARILY RISE
21) EXPANSIONARY FISCAL POLICY IS SO NAMED BECAUSE IT A. INVOLVES AN EXPANSION OF THE NATION'S MONEY SUPPLY
B. CAN ONLY BE ATTAINED BY EXPANDING GOVERNMENT CONSUMPTION C. IS AIMED AT ACHIEVING GREATER PRICE STABILITY D. CAN MOTIVATE AN EXPANSION OF REAL GDP
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