227
productive infill
245
kit of parts
249
edible Streetscape
253
lykins walkthrough
265
east gateway
293
sheffield plaza
301
transit hub
focus areas
productive infill Urban sprawl in the 1980s has led to an increase in vacant lots throughout cities of the United States. A recent study estimated that fifteen percent of Kansas City’s land is vacant. This includes different types of vacancy, from undisturbed open space to abandoned and contaminated brown fields. Over time vacant lots accumulate into a no man’s land, creating a serious problem for surrounding areas and the city overall. The voids in the urban fabric created by vacant lots leave no possibility for the city to come together as a habitable environment.
Although there is no immediate demand for development, these lots are of great potential in their vacant state. If viewed in a progressive manner, these lots offer the opportunity to urbanize the Northeast into a meaningful environment and improve the quality of life. Converting vacant lots into urban agriculture will help weave the urban fabric back together to form a more cohesive city. This Productive Infill will also serve as a source of betterment, creating job opportunities, providing fresh produce, and increasing positive density - helping the neighborhoods thrive and sustaining Independence Avenue. The Productive Infill strategy can be better understood by the following;
227
What are the current issues?
current ISSUES?
How can productive help? HOW can weinfill HELP ?
WHO can we H
residents of neighborhoods Lykins, Independence, Forgotten Homes, Paseo We
fragmented neighborhoods
schools
unemployment crime
churches St. Johns Anglican Church, Covenant Memorial Baptist Church, Holy Cross, St.
“food desert”
business owners Pho 97, Sabor Centro Americano, Tacocina, Texas Toms, Cosentino
high prices for low quality food emphasis on exercise
community organizations Mattie Rhodes, Della Lamb Community Services, Don
Salvation Army, Cherith Brooks, Grace United, Bessie’s ,
vacant parcels low density vandalizing graffiti
228
Whittier Elementary, East High School, Attucks Elementary, Garfield Elementary,
Focus Areas
VACANT LAND
WATER RETENTION
URBAN AGRICULTURE
DENSIFY RESIDENTIAL
ACTIVATE COMMERCIAL
Who can productive infill help?
WHO can we HELP?
can we HELP?
BAN AGRICULTURE
residents of neighborhoods Lykins, Independence, Forgotten Homes, Paseo West, Pendelton Heights, Scarrit, Indian Mound, Sheffield schools
Whittier Elementary, East High School, Attucks Elementary, Garfield Elementary, Gladstone Elementary, KC University of Medicine and Bio
churches St. Johns Anglican Church, Covenant Memorial Baptist Church, Holy Cross, St. Anthony, Bales Baptist Church, Our Lady of Peace business owners Pho 97, Sabor Centro Americano, Tacocina, Texas Toms, Cosentinos Apple Market, Snyders Supermarket, Little Burma Grocery community organizations Mattie Rhodes, Della Lamb Community Services, Don Bosco Center, Al-Kahf Islamic Center, Northeast Community Center, Salvation Army, Cherith Brooks, Grace United, Bessie’s House, ,
DENSIFY RESIDENTIAL
ACTIVATE COMMERCIAL
HOWHow much much of lykins path is PRODUCTIVE land is productive? LANDSCAPE?
WHAT
ORCHARD
URBAN AGRICULTURE
productive infill
CTIVE LANDSCAPE?
HowWHAT much can can we be grow?produced? HOW MUCH?
HOW many urban agriculture jobs can we C
ORCHARD
URBAN AGRICULTURE
13 ACRES OF URBAN AGRICULTURE PROVIDE 180 “TYPICAL” GARDEN PLANTERS
POUNDS PER HARVEST
How many bejobs generated? HOW many jobs urban could agriculture can we CREATE?
MUCH?
13 ACRES OF URBAN AGRICULTURE PROVIDE POUNDS PER HARVEST
230
Focus Areas
104
JOBS TO LYKINS PATH
Can runoff used CAN can webe collect andfor useirrigation? water to IRRIGATE?
REMAINING ANNUALLY
NEEDED TO IRRIGATE LYKINS WEEKLY
ABLE TO BE COLLECTED
HOW do
Whatcan can learn model? CITY? HOW the KC northeast be afrom model this for KANSAS
HOW can
There are
RESIDENTIAL VACANT LOTS
in Kansas City. This is equivalent to nearly
In 2010 out of
KANSAS CITY WORKERS,
of combined STORMWATER and WASTEWATER overflow into Kansas City Rivers and Streams
only
while used
A
ESTABLISHED HARD AND SOFT
STRONGER sense of COMMUNITY is
for a neighborhood and
In 2010 roughly of Jackson County was classified as a
Out of the 83,000 people http://www.petedulin.com/index.php/2011/05/05/kansas-citys-food-deserts/ http://www.kansascity.com/2012/02/15/3430160/land-bank-proposed-to-help-kc.html http://marc.org/transportation/pdf/Peer_Cities_Report_lowres.pdf http://www.360architects.com/Press_Releases/2011_Releases/18Broadway%20Acclaimed%20for%20Design%20Approach.pdf
THROUGH
people have low access to supermarket or grocery store produce
PRINCIPLES REFERENCED FROM “CPTED-” CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN
productive infill
The area between Independence Avenue and 12th Street is a single-family residential neighborhood which is becoming increasingly fragmented due to abandonment and neglect. The vision plan proposes four north-south walkable productive infill paths for this area. Lykins Path is one of these catalytic paths which was ZONING developed in detail to serve as a model for all Business other paths. Residential
Zoning
Industrial
The design for Lykins Path was derived through a system of layers. Examining parcel data, including zoning, land use, ownership, and existing uses, offered a greater understanding into the acquisition and development LAND USE of each parcel. Many parcels in the Northeast Vacant are currently owned by the Landbank and can Park be adopted, rented, or bought depending on Single Family Living the development proposed for the site.Multi Family Living Commercial Paved Parking Churches
Land Use
Industrial
OWNERSHIP Non Private Private
Ownership PARCEL SIZES 0 - 6,000 SF
6,001 - 25,000 SF parcel path discovery 25,001 - 100,000 SF vacant PARCELS 100,001 - 200,000+ SF VACANT BUILDINGS highlighted street
232
Focus Areas PARCEL PATH DISCOVERY KCDC 2012 - 2013
Pedestrian Networks
5.15.2013
Space
Walking Path
Urban Agriculture
Water System
Askew Avenue
Askew Avenue
Spruce Avenue
Jackson Avenue
Ken sing ton Avenue
Myrtle Avenue
E 9TH STREET
LYKINS SQUARE
Cleveland Avenue
Monroe Avenue
Spruce Avenue
Jackson Avenue
Ken sing ton Avenue
Norton Avenue
Myrtle Avenue Cleveland Avenue
Monroe Avenue
E 9TH STREET
LYKINS SQUARE
Norton Avenue
INDEPENDENCE AVENUE
INDEPENDENCE AVENUE
12TH STREET
12TH STREET
12TH STREET PARK
12TH STREET PARK
WALKING PATH Walking Path System KCDC 2012 - 2013
SPACE DEFINITION
primary path secondary path PARKING LOTS Parking lot PRIMARY PATH 5.15.2013
Pedestrian Network
PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY PRIMARY SPACES
Space Definition
SECONDARY PATH AREAS OF REST TRANSIT STOP
KCDC 2012 - 2013
Pedestrian Network
SECONDARY SPACES TERTIARY SPACES
5.15.2013
greenhouse
AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURE
OVERHANG
AGRICULTURE
AGRICULTURE
AGRICULTURE
Lykins Path Section
KCDC 2012 - 2013
5.15.2013
Productive Infill
234
WHAT are the current ISSUES? unemployment
HOW can we HELP?
Focus Areas
fragmented neighborhoods
crime
WHO can we HELP? residents of neighborhoods schools churches
“food desert” high prices for low quality food emphasis on exercise
business owners community organizations
REUSE
Lykins, Independence, Forgotten Homes, Paseo West, Pendelton Heights, Scarrit, Indian Mound, Sheffield
Whittier Elementary, East High School, Attucks Elementary, Garfield Elementary, Gladstone Elementary, KC University of Medicine and Bio St. Johns Anglican Church, Covenant Memorial Baptist Church, Holy Cross, St. Anthony, Bales Baptist Church, Our Lady of Peace
OF VACANT LOTS
MORE
EYES ON THE STREET
INCREASED USE OF
PUBLIC TRANSIT
Mattie Rhodes, Della Lamb Community Services, Don Bosco Center, Al-Kahf Islamic Center,
SUSTAINABLE WATER MANAGEMENT
DESIGN
Pho 97, Sabor Centro Americano, Tacocina, Texas Toms, Cosentinos Apple Market, Snyders Supermarket, Little Burma Grocery
SUSTAINABLE
FOR NEW PUBLIC TRANSIT
OVERHANG
Askew Avenue
Aside from urban agriculture, a main feature of the Lykins Path is to provide a pedestrian connection from 12th Street to Independence Avenue. The path is intended to be a unique experiential walk, featuring several areas for residents to sit and relax. The path connects all of the urban gardens to one another, as well as to the residents of the neighborhood. Points of entry for both pedestrian and vehicular traffic along the path are paired with surrounding public transportation hubs. Vehicles can be left in designated parking areas, giving residents the option to use the adjacent public transportation or to walk along the path. A bike path along Jefferson features several bike stops, strategically placed to interact with the path.
INDEPENDENCE AVENUE
2
2
1
Norton Avenue
Myrtle Avenue
1
2
G
G
5
4
Spruce Avenue
Jackson Avenue
4
Ken sing ton Avenue
G
LYKINS SQUARE
Cleveland Avenue
E 9TH STREET
Monroe Avenue
3
3
5 6
6
EXISTING BUILDINGS 7
12TH STREET
16
7
8
10
17
18
15
9
G
11
12
13
1 2 3 4
CROP STORAGE RESIDENTIAL - APARTMENT YOUTH LEADERSHIP AND RECREATION ARTS AND CULTURE EXHIBITION SPACE
9
OFFICE BLDG
2
TRANSIT STOP
G 9
14
G
12TH STREET PARK 8
EXISTING VS PROPOSED EXISTING BUILDING PROPOSED BUILDING
Existing vs. Proposed Buildings KCDC 2012 - 2013
Pedestrian Network
AGRICULTURE
The spaces along the path are broken down into three categories: primary, secondary and tertiary spaces. Primary spaces include community gardens where public interaction is encouraged. Secondary spaces are semi-public areas which may share plots that are utilized by the community but many will be reserved for commercial use. Tertiary spaces are the most intimate and completely private to the residents. All of the produce grown in tertiary gardens is for the private plot owners or the shared residential complex. Together, these three types of spaces work to create movement from each of the flanking commercial corridors through the path. Support buildings for farming are located strategically to foster community development and effective crop management. While the distribution of pedestrian amenities along the path is based on walkable distances, the distribution of agricultural facilities is based on residential and mixed-use buildings. A system was established to determine which existing buildings could be reused and which are a potential danger and need to be removed. Not only is the reuse of buildings more sustainable, it helps maintain the existing character of the area, a quality that was important to Northeast community members. The fresh produce generated through productive infill will serve as a food source for the local residents and participants of the gardens. Research shows that food travels an average of 1,400 miles from farm to table. Urban agriculture can reduce the number of miles to three for Northeast residents. Extra produce can be processed, packed, and distributed to other parts of the city, serving as additional income for the Northeast residents.
5.15.2013
AGRICULTURE
WHY isWHY local distribution is local distribution BETTER? BETTER?
ORCHARD
ORCHARD
productive infill
E 9TH STREET
236 Focus Areas
12TH STREET
12TH STREET PARK
LYKINS SQUARE Ken sing ton Avenue
Spruce Avenue
Jackson Avenue
Cleveland Avenue
Monroe Avenue
Norton Avenue
Myrtle Avenue
INDEPENDENCE AVENUE
12TH S
INDEPENDENCE AVENUE
1346
people fed
Norton Avenue
Myrtle Avenue
2069 43
jobs created
people fed
1346 people fed
41
jobs created
37
jobs created
2400
13
jobs created
740
people fed
36
jobs created
819
people fed
36
jobs created
200
people fed
4
jobs created
855
people fed
342
15
jobs created
585
people fed
people fed
10
5
jobs created
655
people fed
jobs created
5
jobs created
12TH STREET STREET
2400 people fed
2248 people fed
38
jobs created
740
1915
15
54
people fed
people fed
12TH STREET PARK
18
jobs created
Ken sing ton Avenue
jobs created
Jackson Avenue
E 9TH STREET
18
LYKINS SQUARE
people fed
Spruce Avenue
740
Cleveland Avenue
Monroe Avenue
people fed
INDEP
The Northeast is part of Kansas City’s combined sewer system, which collects rainwater runoff, domestic sewage, and industrial wastewater all in the same pipe. This aging infrastructure is currently overburdened and is very costly to maintain and to replace. The current infrastructure system may be aided by enhancing the natural systems of the area; the green spaces and topography. Hydrology and watershed analysis of the Northeast revealed a great potential to use vacant parcels in lowlying areas for the collection and infiltration of stormwater runoff, alleviating the amount that is routed into the sewer system and improving the quality of life for area residents. Best Management Practices (BMPs) are the most efficient strategies available to address water control and water quality problems caused by impervious surfaces from land development. Retention ponds and local bioswales will filter water in decentralized areas. Gardens, pervious pavement, and tree trenches will be used for infiltration along the paths. Retention basins will temporarily store stormwater runoff and remove pollutants through gravitational settling, biological uptake, and decomposition. Gravity pipes and pressure pipes systems will then distribute this water to crops for irrigation during the dry season.
E 9TH S
12TH S
238
12TH STREET PARK
LYKINS SQUARE
STREET
productive infill
Ken sing ton Avenue
Spruce Avenue
Jackson Avenue
Cleveland Avenue
STREET Monroe Avenue
Norton Avenue
Myrtle Avenue
PENDENCE AVENUE
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240
Focus Areas
Urban agriculture addresses issues of social and cultural needs simultaneously, by engaging elements of ecological processes with infrastructure.
productive infill
PHASE 3 PHASE 3PHAS PHASE 1 PHASE 1PHASE 1 PHASE 2 PHASE 2PHASE 2 Renovation of Renovation Buildings of Existing Infrastructure Development DevelopmentDevelopment Urban Agriculture Implementation Agriculture Agriculture Implementation PHASE PHASE 3 Existing 3PHASE PHAS PHASE 3Renovati PHASE PHASE 1 Infrastructure PHASE 1 1Infrastructure PHASE 1 PHASE PHASE 2 Urban PHASE 2 PHASE 2Urban PHASE 1Implementation 2 2
Renovation Renovation of Existing ofUrban Existing Buildings Renovati Building Renovation of Existing Infrastructure Infrastructure Development Infrastructure Development Infrastructure DevelopmentDevelopment Urban Agriculture Urban Agriculture Urban Implementation Infrastructure Agriculture Implementation UrbanImplementation Agriculture Development Implementation Agricultur TIME LINE
TIME LINE TIME LINE
TIME LINE TIME LINE TIME LINE 2015 TIME LINE 2015 2015 2015
2015
2015 2015
TIME LINE 2020 2020 2020
2020
2020
2025
2025
20202015
2020
2025 2025
20252020
The implementation of the Productive Infill paths is designed to occur in five phases over twenty years. Gradual transformation will allow residents to becomeDESCRIPTION accustomed to,DESCRIPTION and take ownership of, their community. Phase one establishes the boundaries of the path through the DESCRIPTION creation of four primary entrances. Land for this phase will be purchased from the LandBank and funding generated through grants, loans, This focuses creating This phases by renovating focuses onexisting creating This phases structures jobs focuses by renovating to on creat ex This second phase focuses This providing second jobs phase and focuses making Thisonbold second providing moves phase jobs onfocuses and making on providing bold moves jobs phases on and making boldon moves on jobs Thisand first phase focuses on establishing This first phase the four focuses primary This entrances first phase of the focuses thefour primary on establishing entrances the offour the primary entrances of on the donations, community based shares inon a establishing parent company. The second phase focuses onactual providing jobs and making bold the moves to further DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION transform them into other purposes transformsuch themasinto better other housing, transform purposes new them such busiinto as other betterpu h the12th ground to further thetheground topath. further Theestablish strategy the ground the is toactual establish to further path. establish The strategy actual is to establish path. The strategy is to establish path, from Independence Avenue path, from and from Independence 12th Street. path, Avenue These fromand areas Independence from are12th Street. Avenue These and areas from are Street. 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Furthermore, jobs can ings. be generating Furthermore, by jobs maintaining ings. can be Furthermore, these generating new jobs by main can munity gardens and provide munity over a gardens hundred and jobs provide for munity the community. over gardens a hundred and To jobs provide for the over community. a hundred jobs To for the community. To This firstjobs phase This first phase on establishing This focuses first on phase the establishing focuses on the This establishing entrances four firstprimary phase of the focuses entrances the primary oncan ofestablishing entrances thebe offour the primary entrances ofleased the This phase term focusesto on establishing the four primary entrances of the provide forfocuses the construction provide andjobs maintenance. forfour theprimary construction In provide order jobs to and build for maintenance. the onfour construction Inthe order andtomaintenance. build onpurchased In order to or build on over a hundred jobs for the community. Land for this phase either forfirst short test thethe success of the path. transform them transform other them purposes transform into other such them purposes asinto better other such housing, transform purposes asestablish better new them such housing, busiinto asthese other better new pu bu h the ground the further ground establish to further the theground establish actual the The actual establish strategy the path. the is The to actual strategy establish toparcels, further path. establish to The establish strategy thefive actual iseither to establish path. The strategy is these to establish ground tothese further the actual path. structures. Because parcels structures. willthe require Because construction structures. parcels work, will Because the require land construc par obtain thesetoparcels, the land obtain could these eithertopath. parcels, befurther purchased the land obtain orground could five these year either leases beispurchased land could or year be leases purchased orinto five year leases
path, Independence path, from Independence Avenue path, from and Avenue Independence 12th and Street. from path, Avenue These 12th from Street. and areas Independence are 12thareas Street. Avenue are These and areas from 12th are Street. areas are path, from Independence Avenue and from 12th Street. These areas are these from parcels, the areas would these need parcels, to from be purchased the areas would from these the parcels, need LandBank. to from be theThese purchased areas would from need the toLandBank. be purchased fromThese the LandBank. nesses, new nesses, agirucltural new agirucltural nesses, buildings, new support agirucltural and morenesses, support community and new more buildings, agirucltural buildcommunity and more supp bu urban agriculture urban for agriculture residential urban for gardens, residential agriculture gardens, for residential urban gardens, commercial agriculture gardens, and comfor and comgardens, gardens, commercial comgardens, and comurban agriculture for residential gardens, com would need to be purchased would from need the LandBank.The to bebuildings, purchased would funding from need for the to this be LandBank.Th purchased could be established to will test the could success be established ofcommercial the path. to test The could the money be success established forgardens, these ofcommercial theresidential topath. testfor The the money for of these the path. The money forsupport these valuable for not valuable for not the valuable only boundaries laying forbethe not for boundaries only thelaying path, valuable but the forfunding the they boundaries for path, will not also but only for they laying thewill path, the also but boundaries theybe will for also the path, butgrants, they also valuable for not only laying the boundaries thesuccess path, and but they will also The funding for only this laying first phase The could funding for generated this first from The phase grants, could for loans, be this generated first phase from could grants, loans, generated from loans, ings.and Furthermore, ings. Furthermore, jobs canfrom ings. be jobs generating Furthermore, canfrom begardens by generating jobs maintaining ings. can by be Furthermore, these maintaining generating new jobs by these can munity gardens munity and gardens provide munity over and provide a gardens hundred over and jobs agrants, hundred provide forthe munity theloans, community. over jobs gardens afor hundred the and To community. jobs provide forbethe over To community. a In hundred jobs To for on the community. To munity and provide a hundred phase could beloans, generated phase profits could be generated the first phase phase from could profits andover be from from generated themain firs frnj leases or purchases could be leases obtained or purchases through could leases beconstruction obtained or public purchases through and could grants, obtained loans, public through grants, public and provideand jobs provide for the construction jobs forpublic provide the by construction and jobs maintenance. for the and construction maintenance. In provide order jobs to and build In for maintenance. order the on construction to based buildInand on order and toinmaintenance. build on based In shares order toin build on provide jobs for and maintenance. order to build public private donations, and and community private donations, based public shares and and by in private acommunity parent donations, shares by community a parent a parent structures. Because structures. Because parcels structures. these will require parcels Because construction will these require structures. parcels construction work, will Because the require landwork, these construc par la obtain these parcels, obtain these thecommunity land parcels, obtain couldthe these either landparcels, be could purchased either the land obtain be orpurchased could fivethese year either parcels, leases orbe five purchased year land leases could or five either yeargrants, be leases or fivethese year leases obtain these parcels, the land could either beby pu loans, public and private grants, donations, loans, public and and by grants, community private loans, donations, based public and andthe pri donations, and private shares donations, in a parent and community company. private donations, shares in and a the parent community company. shares in purchased aLandBank. parent company. these parcels,these the areas parcels, would the these need areas parcels, towould be purchased the need areas to be would from these purchased the parcels, need LandBank. tofrom be thepurchased the areas LandBank. would from need thetoLandBank. beprivate purchased from the LandBank. these parcels, the areas would need to be purchased from the company. company. company. would need would to be purchased need to would be from purchased need the LandBank.The to from be purchased the would LandBank.The funding from need for the to this be funding LandBank.Th purchased for be established couldgrants, betoestablished test the could success tobeThe test established of thethe success path. to test The could of the the money be path. success established for The these of money thetobe path. test forgenerated these The the success money for of these the path. The money for these be established to test success of thet shares inloans, a parent company. shares incould a parent company. shares in a the parent company. The funding The for this funding first phase forThe thiscould funding first phase befor generated this could firstbefrom The phase generated funding grants, couldfrom for loans, bethis generated grants, first phase loans, fromcould grants, becould loans, generated from loans, funding for this first phase could from grants, phase could phase be generated could be from phase generated profits could from be generated profits the first phase from phase from the could profits and first be from phase from generated the and firs fro fr leases or purchases leases or could purchases be leases obtained could or purchases through be obtained grants, could through leases loans, be obtained or grants, public purchases through loans, and could public grants, be and obtained loans, public through and grants, loans, public and leases or purchases could be obtained throug public and private publicdonations, and private public and donations, byand community private and by donations, based community public shares and and based by inprivate acommunity parent shares donations, inbased a parent and shares by community in a parent based shares in a parent public and private donations, and by community based shares in a parent loans, grants, publicloans, and private public grants,donations, and loans, private public and donations, and bygrants, community private and loans, donations, by based community public and andinby bas pri private donations, privateand donations, community private andshares community donations, in a parent and shares community company. private in a parent donations, shares company. inand a parent community company. sharesgrants, in a parent company. private donations, and community shares a company. company. company. company. company. shares in a parent sharescompany. in a parent shares company. in a parent company. shares in a parent company.
242
Focus Areas
PHASEPHASE 5 5 PHASE 5 HASEPHASE 3 3 PHASE 3 PHASEPHASE 4 4 PHASE 4 Lykins Path Lykins Completed Path5Completed Lykins Path5Completed novation of Renovation Existing Buildings of Construction Construction New Building Construction New Building ntation Renovation PHASE 5 PHASE HASE PHASE 31Existingof 3Buildings PHASE 3 Existing Buildings PHASE 42ofPHASE 4of New Building PHASEPHASE 3PHASE PHASE 4PH 4ofPHASE PHASE PHASEPHASE 1 2
Lykins Path Lykins Completed Path Completed Lykins Path Completed Construction Re novation of Existing ofBuildings Renovation Existing Buildings of Existing Buildings Construction ofInfrastructure New Building Renovation of Existing Buildings of Construction ofConstruction New Buildingof New Building nfrastructure ntation Renovation Development Urban Agriculture Implementation Development Urban Agriculture Implementation
2025
2025
2025
TIME LINE 2030
2015 2025
2025
2025
2020 2030
2030
2030
2035
2035
2035
2015 2030
2030
2025 2035
2020 2035
2035
2030
Phase three focuses on job creation through the renovation and maintenance of existing structures. The fourth phase focuses on the creation of new structures for housing, businesses, agricultural support, and community functions. Due to the construction on the parcels, the land for these phases will need to be purchased from the LandBank. At this point, funding will be provided through profits ses his onon phases creatingfocuses jobs byon renovating creating This phases jobs existing byfocuses renovating structures on creating to existing structures jobs by renovating to This phases existing focuses structures tocreating Thisonphases focuses jobs by onbuilding creating This phases new jobsstructures by focuses building on thatnew creating structures jobs bythat building The completed new structures Lykins The Path completed that aims toLykins contribute PathThe aims to food completed to security contribute Lykins and to food food Path security aims to and contribute food to food security and food generated in the earlier phases. During all phases, the safety Productive Infill master plan should be available continuously reviewed to ensure it is DESCRIPTION ansform other purposes them into such other as purposes transform better housing, such themas new intobetter other busi-housing, purposes new such busias include better housing, new busi-businesses, ablish residences, include new residences,new newagricultural businesses, include residences, support new agricultural buildings, new businesses, support buildings, new agricultural in support two ways: buildings, safety first,init two increases ways: the first,amount itsafety increases ofin food twotheways: amount first, toofitfood increases available the toamount of food available to ltural esses,support new agirucltural buildings, support and nesses, more buildings, new community agirucltural and buildmoresupport community buildings, build-and community buildcomandmore new community and buildings. new community In addition, buildings. jobsand can In new be addition, further community jobs created can buildings. by be further In addition, created by jobs people can living further in cities, created people andbyliving second, in cities, itthe allows and fresh second, people vegetables, living it allows in cities, fruits, freshand and vegetables, second, fruits, it allows and freshprocess vegetables, aims fruits, and meeting the changes needs of the community. By serving asbe an instrument for betterment of the community, this to ses his on phases creating jobs by on renovating creating Thisbe phases jobs existing byfocuses renovating structures on creating to existing jobs by renovating to by existing structures tocreating This phases focuses on creating jobs by renovating existing structures tosecurity phases focus on This second phases phase focuses This focuses on phases onand providing focuses jobs by jobs onbuilding creating and This making phases new jobs bold structures by focuses moves building on that onprimary new creating structures jobs bythat building The completed newthese structures Lykins Themade Path completed that This aims second toto Lykins contribute Path focuses The aims to food completed toon security contribute providing Lykins and jobs food food Path and aims making and contribute bold moves to This on foodphases security and food onThis creating jobs by ngs. jobs Furthermore, can befocuses generating jobs can by ings. maintaining Furthermore, generating these by maintaining new can bestructures generating these new maintaining these new y. 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productive infill
productive infill: kit of parts A kit of parts was developed to provide the Productive Infill paths with pedestrian amenities while also acting to unify the entire Northeast. This kit acts as a tool for urbanization, providing a standardized set of physical elements that establish a formal code. These module elements work together as a cohesive system to invite interaction and enhance the pedestrian experience. They are strategically placed along the paths to complement their specific location and function.
Seating elements feature storage, ideal for the array of gardening tools needed to maintain the urban agriculture and edible streetscape. Overhead elements fit together to create a porous canopy with various colored panels. This canopy also incorporates photovoltaic panels and lighting to distinguish points of rest and provide an additional feel of safety along the walking paths. The fences featured in the kit of parts are designed to secure the private gardens while also allowing a small amount of permeability. To address the current issue of graffiti throughout the Northeast, the boards are slanted to minimize the amount of tag-able space. The modular nature also allows for sections of the fencing to be easily replaced. The bench component can be manipulated to serve as both seating and bike storage. It has the ability to pivot up and down to accommodate the particular need of each area. Benches can be clustered and grouped to form a various seating formations.
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Fencing
Fencing
The fences were designed to secure the private gardens while also allowing a small amout of permiability. In an effort to address the current issue of the areas graffiti problem, the boards are slanted to minimize the amount of tagging space.
Seating
The fences were designed to secure the private gardens while also allowing a small amout of permiability. In an effort to address the current issue of the areas graffiti problem, the boards are slanted to minimize the amount of tagging space.
Vandalism-Preventitive Fence
246
Focus Areas
The bench is a co manipulated to se storage. The benc down to accomod particular area. Be grouped to form a
Flexible Seating
orage component is a bles as a storage nter. The bottom o hold larger tools e top is equipt with er tools and seed
Configurable Shelter
Completed Arrangement
The main agricultural storage component is a large credenza that doubles as a storage space and a The entire system together in a way that counter for selling the path’s produce. The bottom portion can be opened to hold largerfits tools and equipinvites interaction and creates an overall ment while the top is equipped with drawers for smaller tools and seed storage.
cohesive picture.
kit of parts
productive infill: edible streetscape By rethinking the idea of the street, edible streetscape along the Productive Infill paths will transform the environment into one that nurtures life rather than just acting as a passage. These are an integral part of the overall infill concept and key to promoting local food awareness as well as enhancing the pedestrian experience. The three primary elements of the edible streetscapes are bioswales, fruit-bearing trees, and bike lanes. Street surfaces made of permeable pavement will provide responsible water management for stormwater runoff. Bioswales will collect and filter this water so it can be redistributed throughout the pedestrian network to support the urban agriculture. Native and fruit-bearing plants will be planted within the bioswales to create the “edible� street. Bike lanes and pedestrian-friendly walkways will provide a new means of transportation for residents of the Northeast as well as a source of recreation. Spaces for public interaction and cultural exchange will be created along the paths using existing and proposed green space.
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street condition 1 Street Condition 1 blvd, van brunt blvd benton (Benton Boulevard, Van Brunt Boulevard)
ape
sign
ndly travel and implemented seating are the create the “Edible� Streetscape. The design of s throughout the Northeast and provide space ent is used along the street surface to provide considerable amount of excess water. This Network to support its urban agriculture.
esign
an Network
250
Focus Areas
05.15.2013
street condition 2 Street Condition 2
chestnut ave,Avenue, prospect ave,Avenue, 12th st (Chestnut Prospect 12th Street)
street condition 3 Street Condition 3
askew ave, cleveland ave (Askew Avenue, Cleveland Avenue)
Street Condition 4 (The Paseo)
street condition 4 the paseo blvd
Existing street section
proposed street section
proposed streetscape
The proposed streetscape design consists of edible trees, bike lanes, pedestrian walkways, lighting and bioswales.
edible streetscape
productive infill: path walkthrough The Productive Infill master plan proposes four north-south connections from 12th Street to Independence Avenue. The Lykins Path is a typical design prototype; encompassing recreation, green house growing, crop distribution, and water management systems. Instead of building permanent structures that require substantial amount of funding and planning, urban agriculture allows immediate utilization of land to maximize benefits for Northeast residents, the environment, and the local economy. These agricultural sites will not only promote economic development but also support social and cultural exchange, strengthening community ties and awareness. In the future when the demand becomes present, the Productive Infill lots can be replaced by buildings or other development.
lykins
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1
e
d A 12th and Monroe b 12th and Cleveland C 12th and Myrtle D 10th and Norton E Lykins Park F Lykins Park
a
b
c
f
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12th Street and Cleveland highlights the renovation of an existing building, transforming it into a new commercial building. The adjacent public space can be transformed into a market for selling produce or used for agricultural storage for the gardens nearby gardens.
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Focus Areas
path walkthrough
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Focus Areas
The existing building at 12th Street and Myrtle will be converted into a community kitchen. This kitchen will focus on healthy eating practices, offering courses and classes to encourage residents to grow locally. The adjacent garden will be used for demonstrations and community functions.
path walkthrough
Working together with the Urban Farm Guys, the current school at 10th Street and Norton will be transformed into a center for arts and design. Shelters and fencing from the kit of parts will be implemented, allowing for easy adaptability for farmer’s markets, music festivals, and art exhibits.
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Focus Areas
path walkthrough
12th street will be activated with the infill of residential buildings along the street. Emphasis on public transit and ease of commute to downtown and Independence Avenue will increase the activation of 12th Street.
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Focus Areas
Lykins Park will undergo a beautification process to become a retention pond that will alleviate some of the pressure on Kansas City’s overburdened-combined sewer system. The space lends itself to positive activities and encourages interaction with residents.
path walkthrough
Lykins Park will also be the home to three large greenhouses. These will allow for year-round growing for the new residential housing at the edge of the site, as well as the existing surrounding community.
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Focus Areas
path walkthrough
east gateway The scale of deterioration brought on by shrinking manufacturing industry and subsequent decentralization of urban residential areas distinguishes the East Gateway from other sections of Independence Avenue. Boundaries of the site, from Hardesty Avenue to Highway 435, contain heavy and light industrial zones adjacent to rail lines, commercial businesses along the avenue proper, and single and multi-family housing north and south of Independence Avenue. Historically, this area has been defined by the extensive network of industrial manufacturing businesses and the considerable number of jobs they provided for the area’s residents. What is now left of the formerly active industrial tract is a neighborhood with both large and small scale urban waste-scapes. For these industrial zones, serious issues of soil, ground water and building contamination present major challenges in finding opportunities to redevelop and redesign the urban landscape.
It is the same industrial heritage posing these challenges that also provides latent opportunity in public transit, ecological infrastructure, and a model of urban development capitalizing and supporting both. Rail lines laid for industrial use are seeing a different future as the corridors for regional commuter transit. Relatively immense voids of underutilized industrial landscape overlaying a former tributary
265
of the Blue River make possible the restoration of a natural landscape, serving sustainable water management at a regional scale. The urban renewal strategy devised takes these opportunities as a framework for design establishing a new typology of urbanism which captures gradually accumulated value in the natural landscape and projected alternative transportation plans. Beyond the opportunities embedded in the physical conditions of the East Gateway, there are responsibilities to the comprehensive vision plan for Independence Avenue that also influence design of this focus area. Conceptually, the East Gateway plays a significant role as a terminus of the avenue, an endpoint of Kansas City, completing and connecting the Kessler system, and a major node of commercial activity. The constituting elements of the East Gateway take advantage of the opportunities in the urban landscape and would contribute to the comprehensive urban scheme for Independence Avenue.
A constructed wetland would restore water management function to the Gooseneck Creek tributary between Wilson Avenue and Winner Road, and the restored landscape would spur environmentally sustainable development. A multimodal transit hub that serves bus, streetcar and commuter rail at Ewing Avenue would create an interface between the Northeast and the region; an access point connecting businesses and residents of Independence Avenue with patrons and employment across Kansas City. The green loop concept would be integrated into the neighborhood as a local recreation loop along Van Brunt Boulevard and Hardesty Avenue which connects the soccer park at 9th street and Budd Park to Kessler Park. A marketplace and underpass plaza would reconnect the Sheffield neighborhood to Indian Mound and the Northeast at Topping Avenue, continuing pedestrian activity on Independence Avenue beyond the KC Terminal Railway.
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Focus Areas
This hybrid urbanism – part ecological infrastructure, part regional transit – is a model for neighborhood renewal that can be manipulated for post-industrial residential landscapes in other areas of Kansas City, and other cities altogether.
east gateway
Blue River Greenway
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Focus Areas
Regional Commuter Rail Transit Routes When considering physical area and scope of time, the East Gateway is the largest scale focus area. It assumes the other three focus areas as a premise for its own design propositions. Based on the TOD idea of urban redevelopment, regional transit is a significant element of the East Gateway node. The design is based on ongoing, mid-term, and long-term transportation plans for the local and regional scale. The East Gateway framework is defined by the Rock Island Corridor Commuter Rail plan, part of a much larger network of public transit. Improving mobility of residents encourages economic growth and commercial development by connecting consumers with businesses and potential employees with employment. At the East Gateway, Independence Avenue and Rock Island Commuter Rail converge, creating a strong sense of place and terminus of the city.
east gateway
image credit: Missouri Valley Special Collections, Kansas City Public Library, Kansas City, Missouri
Postcard C. 1906, Blue River and Independence Avenue Before massive industrialization, the Blue River and its tributaries were preserved as natural landscapes for recreational enjoyment. Historical analysis shows the impact of industrialization and residential expansion in the Northeast, particularly looking at the Gooseneck Creek tributary. In a matter of forty years, the tributary was replaced by railroads, streets, and buildings. Today, the same land has been developed as a light industrial zone, and the creek replaced by a combined sewer line. A primary component of the East Gateway is the restoration of this swatch as natural landscape, to function as a constructed wetland in collecting and filtering local runoff and to influence the form and environmental consciousness of urban strategies throughout. The East Gateway provides the impetus to rethink urban development as devoid of the need for building construction. With the diminishing need for industrial land use, the land would be much better served as infrastructural landscape and a land reserve.
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Focus Areas
Sheffield 1894 KCDC 2012 - 2013
East Gateway, Proposals
Sheffield 1907 KCDC 2012 - 2013
East Gateway, Proposals
Sheffield 1914 KCDC 2012 - 2013
East Gateway, Proposals
Sheffield 1922 KCDC 2012 - 2013
East Gateway, Proposals
Sheffield 1894
Sheffield 1907
Sheffield 1914
Sheffield 1922
east gateway
Zoning and Building Use commercial, non-office commercial, office light industrial parking lots heavy industrial railroad utilities single-family residential multi-family residential vacant, residential vacant, non-residential church public safety
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Focus Areas
methyltertiarybutylether
arsenic
chlorinated solvents
polychlornatedbihenyls
lead
contaminants by land use
Potential Contaminants and Known Phyto-Remediating Plants
Contaminants in the industrial zones must be removed to restore the landscape to a natural condition. Zoning and building use are examined to identify potential toxins and then correlated with their known phyto-remediating plants.
east gateway
REMEDIATION PROCESS MAP
Remediation STrategies Plan photoremediation developable land green space site excavation key sites
After extensive investigation into the possibility for phytoremediation, it became clear that the level of contamination and the timeline of framework projects would not allow enough time for successful mitigation of toxins using only strategies of phytoremediation. Where planned development is far enough out and contaminant levels are comparatively low, phytoremediation is used. Where planned development is more immediate and contaminant levels are comparatively high, strategies of excavation will be used. Developable land, existing green space, and phytoremediation and excavation areas were identified to study the possible phasing implementation of the creek restoration concept. Land is acquired piecemeal as buildings become more expensive to maintain than to demolish, with the exception of key businesses along Independence Avenue. Once land is clear and soil cleaned, a tiered wetland is constructed to collect and filter runoff from the surrounding Indian Mound and Sheffield neighborhoods before entering the Blue River. The completed Gooseneck Greenway features elevated walking paths, making the natural landscape recreationally accessible yet requiring minimal maintenance. Shelters along the paths frame views across the wetland, a habitat for native plants, birds, and other wildlife. As powerfully as any architectural artifact, the Gooseneck Greenway connects its inhabitants with the origins of the city.
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Focus Areas
Gooseneck Greenway Walking Path
east gateway
initial Master Form A major design priority for the East Gateway is the establishment of an identifiable node of appropriate scale for its urban presence. A masterform is created to ascertain the totality of the urban void. Subsequent subtractions of existing community institutions, major roads, and hydrology paths begin to integrate the masterform with the neighborhood. Upon incorporation of the Gooseneck Greenway landscape restoration strategy, the master form is nearly entirely dissolved with the exception of its defining edge along Winner Road. The remaining form has substantial urban presence and meshes with the surrounding residential and commercial building fabric.
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Focus Areas
initial Plan and Concept Model
te Plan, 1:3,000
DC 2012 - 2013
East Gateway, Design Documentation
12.11.2012
east gateway
LOCAL PUBLIC PARK RECREATION
REGIONAL GREENWAY RECREATION REGIONAL COMMUTER TRANSIT LOCAL RESIDENT TRANSIT
CONNECTING INDUSTRIAL
Local/Regional Interface Concept
Conditions Parti KCDC 2012 - 2013
East Gateway, Schematic Mapping
12.11.2012
A basic concept of the East Gateway as an interface for local and regional recreation and transit networks remained consistent between the initial master form design and the hybrid urbanism design. Within the East Gateway, the local recreation loop from the soccer park to Kessler Park is connected by the Gooseneck Greenway to the Blue River Greenway, the regional recreation network. The streetcar along Independence Avenue and IndeBus from Independence, Missouri terminate at the commuter rail lines, linking local transit and regional transit. These intersections of local and regional elements establish the East Gateway as an inherent end point to the Avenue and terminus of the city.
east gateway
VAN BRUNT BLVD
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Focus Areas
9TH AND HARDESTY
INDEPENDENCE aVE
WILSON AVE
AINAGE AINAGE INAGE
he road existing pting the drainage he road existing road existing ystem as drainage a whole. pting the ng the drainage ystem as a whole. tem as a whole.
COMPROMISED SITE DRAINAGE
Roads that underpass the Kansas City Terminal Railway, experience frequent flooding during rain events, making them impassable in most cases. Runoff from impervious surfaces of the industrial development between Wilson Avenue and Winner Road causes water to back up at Van Brunt Boulevard, 9th Street, Hardesty Avenue, Independence Avenue and Wilson Avenue. The lowest points of the Gooseneck Greenway are elongated and relocated adjacent to the railway, with roads passing over the collection points. Bioswales divert runoff around roads and into the greenway, resolving basic issues of infrastructure-restricted connectivity at a local scale.
LOODING LOODING OODING
e to fl ooding in nce is in one e toAvenue fl ooding o fl ooding in avy altering nce storms. Avenue By is one is one � Avenue can occur South avy storms. By altering storms. By altering er. � can occur South an occur South er.
Elongate/relocate Low Points
ontinuous ter runoff. ontinuous tinuous edestrians ter runoff. runoff. edestrians estrians
ELIMINATE UNDERPASS FLOODING
Buffer Schematic Development Buffer SchematicDevelopment Development uffer Schematic East Gateway, Master Planning EastGateway, Gateway,Master MasterPlanning Planning East
03.27.2013 03.27.2013 03.27.2013
east gateway
COMMERCIAL RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL
INDUSTRIAL COMMERCIAL
INDUSTRIAL
Residential
Residential
Commercial
Commercial
Industrial
Industrial
Conventional Building Placement Within Parcel
Edgefill Concept Building Placement
INDUSTRIAL
282
Focus Areas
In the most conventional instances of infill development, buildings are placed according to setbacks specified for the zoning classification of that particular parcel. This practice leads to a disconnected, often irregular urban fabric, which uses land inefficiently. However, when a majority of the land of an area is used for natural landscape such as the Gooseneck Greenway, urban development strategies must be much more efficient. The edgefill concept disregards setbacks, and looks at the land as a whole, pushing building development to the edges of the available space and reserving the rest for natural landscape. Maximization of natural landscape within the fabric of the city will begin to offset the immense presence of industrial landscape. By pushing buildings towards the street, edgefill also defines the street edge, creating a stronger urban presence and space.
east gateway
East Gateway Masterplan
PHASE Phasing of the East Gateway takes into consideration remediation strategies and their associated timelines, the acquisition of land based on building maintenance costs compared to cost of demolition, the timeline of Kansas City’s commuter transit plans, and the timeline of the Blue River Greenway project. Catalytic interventions are made first, while interventions immediately on Independence Avenue are a secondary priority. Most elements of the project are of a scale requring implementation spanning multiple phases, which are determined based only on the completion point of a constituting element rather than beginning and completion concurrently.
1
2
3
4
5
286
Focus Areas
6
INDEPENDENCE INTERVENTION
WILSON AVE PLAZA/ INDEPENDENCE INFILL
TRANSIT HUB
B
4
GREENWAY NORTH
5
URBAN EDGE NORTH/ GREENWAY SOUTH
6
OVERALL
6
5
East Gateway, Master Planning
Phased Implementation KCDC 2012 - 2013
East Gateway, Master Planning
ation
Master Planning
East Gateway, Master Planning
Phased Implementation KCDC 2012 - 2013
04.07.2013
East Gateway, Master Planning
Phased Implementation KCDC 2012 - 2013
OVERALL
Phased Implem
Phased Implementation KCDC 2012 - 2013
OVERALL
OVERALL
KCDC 2012 - 2013
OVERALL
6
URBAN EDGE SOUTH
04.07.2013
04.07.2013
04.07.2013
East G
tree buffer wetland urban park edgefill
CONCEPTUAL LAYERS To aid in organization of such a large space, and determine where access is possible and maintenance required, the swath between Wilson Avenue and Winner Road is conceived of in layers, each with a distinct degree of accessibility and self-maintenance. The tree buffer acts as a sound and visual barrier to the rail way, is accessible for train service only, and is self maintaining. The constructed wetland has flood level stormwater capacity, is not acessible, and is self maintaining. The urban park is hybrid plaza, park, and parking space that is accessible to pedestrians, and requires minimal maintenance. The edgefill layer is a prototyical concept for block form development proposing compact footprints at the perimeter of a space to maximize natural infrastructure performance in the remaining green. The edgefill is occupied, and requires building ands streetscape maintenance.
TREE BUFFER CONSTRUCTED WETLAND URBAN PARK EDGE FILL
Conceptual Layers 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
WATER MANAGEMENT Historically the site of Gooseneck Creek, a live tributary of the Blue River, this underutilized industrial land still has inherent topographical capacity to serve as natural water infrastructure. Due to combined sewer systems in place in this watershed, the area can only deal with local surface runoff, but that burden alone removed from the sewer system reduces the challenge facing Kansas City in its restructuring. This hybrid model - part natural, part engineered, part surface, part subsurface - can be considered prototypical for the opportunities in needed reform, making use of existing infrastrucutre while establishing landscape that adds value to the community through recreation and education.
GREENWAY RETENTION BED WETLAND FILTRATION OVERFLOW ZONE
Constructed Wetland Filtration Sequence
Four layers compose the design of the Gooseneck Greenway: a tree buffer, constructed wetland, urban park space, and the edgefill development. The tree buffer provides an acoustic and visual barrier between the wetland and the railway, the constructed wetland collects and filters local runoff, the urban park negotiates the transition between natural and built landscape, and the edgefill development defines the commercial node to the east and south of Winner Road. Within the constructed wetland, there are ten stages of filtration, which remove common contaminants of runoff generally resulting from automobile use and litter.
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Focus Areas
WATER FLOW PATH
4 GREENWAY SO
1 EAST 1 EAST INDEPENDENCE INDEPENDENCE AVEAVE CORE CORE 2 SHEFFIELD 2 SHEFFIELD PLAZA PLAZA
2 REINFORCE 2 REINFORCE INDEPENDENCE INDEPENDENCE AVEAVE 3 TRANSIT 3 TRANSIT HUBHUB
Y OUTH SOUTH 5 GREEN 5 GREEN INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL ON WINNER ON WINNER
4 GREENWAY 4 GREENWAY NORTH NORTH 5 URBAN 5 URBAN EDGE EDGE ON WINNER ON WINNER 6 RESIDENTIAL 6 RESIDENTIAL INFILL INFILL
east gateway
SHEFFIELD SHEFFIELD FAMILY FAMILY LIFELIFE CE
BIKE TRANSIT CIRCULATION The East Gateway captures the opportunity of converging local and regional transit systems, as well as converging recreation systems. Resulting is a node informed and activated by pedestrian and public transportation. Public transit along Winner and Independence forms a loop around high-density housing, the center of the loop crossed with pedestrian-focused streets. Bike and walking paths in the greenway allow pedestrian connectivity safe from vehicle traffic.
COMMUTER RAIL STREETCAR BUS ROUTE BIKE PATHS WALKING PATHS TRANSIT STOP
Local and Regional Transit Circulation
public green space active streetfront pedestrian network regional connection URBAN NODE To make a meaningful place of the East Gateway, it ultimately must serve as a healthy urban node in the network of Kansas City. Winner and Independence are active commercial streets, interconnected by a walkable residential center. Residents of Sheffield have access to goods and services as well as housing options, all within walking distance of regional transit.
COMMERCIAL STREETFRONT PUBLIC GREEN SPACE PEDESTRIAN NETWORK
Establishing an Urban Node
The East Gateway is a significant node, with design considerations uniting the commercial activity of the Avenue and residential needs of the neighborhoods. Emphasizing the connection to the transit network increases its catalytic power for development. Commercial street fronts are enhanced along Independence Avenue and Winner Road to create a commercial loop along the bus routes. Residential development supports the commercial activity and institutional uses support the residential. Pedestrian oriented streets and public green space support the livability of the node, while the commuter rail supports its accessibility.
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Focus Areas
COMMUTER RAIL
E CENTER BIKE SHARE HQ LOCAL HARVEST GROCER GREENWAY EDUCATION CENTER ALDI BAHAI FAITH CENTER TRAINING CENTER TRANSIT HUB
east gateway
east gateway: sheffield plaza Currently, Sheffield Plaza is an urban no man’s land: non existence of meaningful urban space, the violent presence of rail and road infrastructure, and no place for human beings. Safe pedestrian travel is difficult as neighborhoods are divided by the Kansas City Terminal Railway, which also deters commercial activity on the corridor east of the railway. A restrictive underpass disconnects Sheffield from the Northeast, leaving the terminus of Kansas City dissolved and undefined. The Sheffield Plaza plan converts this chaos into an urban form and place that reconciles the madness and creates an inhabitable environment. Improving the underpass reconnects and reactivates the Sheffield neighborhood, renews commerce on Independence Avenue east of the railway, and at a regional scale allows a meaningful endpoint of the city to be established.
Sheffield Plaza features a marketplace and underpass plaza which connect neighborhoods and increase commercial activity. The current Price Chopper parking lot is transformed into an outdoor market for the sale of harvest from the Productive Infill gardens. Wilson Ave from Topping Avenue to South White Avenue is removed and the land beneath terraced to allow navigation from marketplace to street level, forming the underpass plaza. Passage below the railway is widened to allow pedestrians, bikes, and wheelchairs to travel from Indian Mound to Sheffield. The former void in commercial activity along the avenue is bridged by public space. This underpass also connects the recreation loop to the Gooseneck Greenway, serving as the interface between local and regional recreation networks.
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Road Alterations
Buildings Removed
Programming
Water Management
294
Focus Areas
sheffield plaza
Sheffield Plaza from the Amtrak Passing Above Bioswale water management strategies are incorporated into the terraces of the underpass plaza. This terracing is best viewed from the tracks above, a view seen by people riding the Amtrak into and out of Kansas City. Runoff gathered from the parking lot to the north and the impervious surfaces of the plaza itself are gathered and directed below the railway to the Gooseneck Greenway. A major bioswale serves as a vegetated barrier between the vehicle traffic of Independence Avenue and the pedestrian traffic of the underpass plaza.
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Focus Areas
Sheffield Plaza Greenway Center
east gateway: transit hub Kansas City, like most contemporary cities, suffers from an indefinite boundary, an endless enmeshing of urban fabric and suburban sprawl. Fortunately, Kansas City has a history of topographical definition which provides distinction to the Northeast, and an opportunity to provide distinction to the east should the Blue River Greenway project be executed to its fullest potential. Restoring the Blue River valley to a natural landscape provides a valuable boundary between Kansas City and Independence, and reinforces topographical definition of the city. The termini of Independence Avenue streetcar, IndeBus service and intersection with the Rock Island Commuter Rail line converge at this critical city edge, also visible in the zoning of the city, where residential and heavy industrial meet along the eastern bluff of the Northeast. The multi-modal transit hub at Ewing Avenue and Independence Avenue is an architectural demarcation of the confluence of the topographical, transportation, and zoning dimensions of the city’s edge.
The transit hub plays a major role in the development of the Northeast and the strengthening of the commercial activity along Independence Avenue in addition to conceptual significance as the endpoint of Kansas City. As much as the hub is an endpoint, it is also a beginning, and access point from commuter rail and Highways 435 and 24. This could be the first impression of the city for thousands daily, an interface between private and public modes of transit, regional to municipal. In the comprehensive scheme of Independence Avenue, the transit hub reciprocates the West Gateway as the commercial node of the avenue anchoring
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activity and development from the eastern most point westward.
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RKET TO RIVERMA
INDEPENDENCE AVE STREETCAR WEST 19,100 Commuters from Independence MO, Raytown and Lee’s Summit to CBD, Crown Center, Plaza, Inner Core North
HIGHWAY 24
NO SER VIC E
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bus service streetcar commuter rail Municipal transit Independence Avenue streetcar from downtown westward and IndeBus bus service from Independence, MO eastward both terminate at the transit hub. The regional transit Rock Island Commuter Rail line from Lee’s Summit and Raytown passes through the transit hub before reaching the Main Street streetcar terminus in Rivermarket. The convergence of these transit modes and the adjacency of the transit hub to Highway 435 positions the hub to be an impetus for major commercial activity, and complementary sustainable development. Circulation of the local transit modes at the hub is organized to create a strong pedestrian-oriented node of activity. Bus routes along commercial streets encircle pedestrian-only blocks with commercial at street level and residential above. The transit hub is not only a hub for transportation, but a unique mixed-use district functioning as a destination and transitorily for people passing through.
9
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INDEPENDENCE AVE STREETCAR EAST 1900 Commuters from CBD, Crown Center, Plaza, Inner Core North to Independence MO
10
Local Transit Concept
INTERVALS
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rock island commuter corridor north
indebus major fixed transit transfer NO SER VIC E
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independence ave streetcar transfer
ALS RV TE IN
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rock island commuter corridor transfer
Route Schedules and Potential RiderShip
rock island commuter corridor south
the needs of commuters traveling from the metro area to the central business district. The existing underpass serves as a connection pathway between the various types and works to create a zone networks.
PROGRAMMING The existing conditions of this site as an industrial zone allow for the opportunity to explore the building’s relationship with the existing context. The ARMCO bridge has served as a way to develop connections between the various modes of transportation and allow for functions to be separated along a pedestrian axis. PROGRAMMING The existing conditions of this site as an industrial zone allow for the opportunity to explore the building’s relationship with the existing context. The ARMCO bridge has served as a way to develop connections between the various modes of transportation and allow for functions to be separated along a pedestrian axis. TRANSIT PATHWAYS The transit hub combines multi-modal functions within the transit hub to address the needs of commuters traveling from the metro area to the central business district. The existing underpass serves as a connection pathway between the various types and works to create a zone networks.
TRANSIT PATHWAYS The transit hub combines multi-modal ROADWAY MODIFICATIONS functions within the transit hub to address the needs of commuters traveling from improve functions of the streetcar the metro area toTothe central the business district. The existing serves and underpass bus networks improvements in the as a connection streets pathway are between the proposed to increase the various types and works to create a zone networks.
existing widths. In addition, one street has been removed to accommodate the transit plaza as a pedestrian only zone.
ROADWAY MODIFICATIONS
Transit Circulation
To improve the functions of the streetcar and bus networks improvements in the streets are proposed to increase the existing widths. In addition, one street has been removed to accommodate the transit plaza as a pedestrian only zone. PROGRAMMING The existing conditions of this site as an industrial zone allow for the opportunity to explore the building’s relationship with the existing context. The ARMCO bridge has served as a way to develop connections between the various modes of transportation and allow for functions PROGRAMMING to be separated along a pedestrian axis.
The existing conditions of this site as an industrial zone allow for the opportunity to explore the building’s relationship with the existing context. The ARMCO bridge has served as a way to develop connections between the various modes of transportation and allow for functions to be separated along a pedestrian axis.
INDUSTRIAL WASTELAND
Programming
A large scale site remediation is required for the removal and demolition of several industrial sites and warehouses that have deteriorated beyond the extent of being salvageable. This process will coincide with future plans for redeveloping the nearby section of the Blue River Greenway to a natural landscape for recreation. INDUSTRIAL WASTELAND A large scale site remediation is required for the removal and demolition of several industrial sites and warehouses that have deteriorated beyond the extent of being salvageable. This process will coincide with future plans for redeveloping the nearby section of MODIFICATIONS the Blue River Greenway to a ROADWAY natural landscape for recreation. To improve the functions of the streetcar ROADWAY MODIFICATIONS and bus networks improvements in the streets are proposed to increase the To improve the functions of the streetcar existing widths. In addition, one street and bus networks improvements in the has been removedthe to accommodate the streets are proposed to increase plazaone as street a pedestrian only zone. existing widths.transit In addition, has been removed to accommodate the transit plaza as a pedestrian only zone.
Buildings Removed
FLOOD PLAIN
100 YEAR FLOOD LINE
FLOOD PLAIN
INDUSTRIAL WASTELAND
500 YEAR FLOOD LINE
100 YEAR FLOOD LINE
A large scale site remediation is required for the removalINDUSTRIAL and demolition WASTELAND of several industrial sites and warehouses that have A large remediation is required deteriorated beyond thescale extentsite of being salvageable. This will coincide 500 YEAR FLOOD forprocess the removal andwith demolition of several future plans forindustrial redeveloping theand nearby sites warehouses that have section of the Blue River Greenway to a deteriorated beyond the extent of being natural landscape for recreation.
Floodplains
salvageable. This process will coincide with future plans for redeveloping the nearby section of the Blue River Greenway to a natural landscape for recreation.
LINE
transit hub bus terminal
Transittransit Hub Bushub Terminal plaza
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endnotes
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acknowledgements
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students
Appendix
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endnotes 1. Shortridge, James R. Kansas City and How It Grew, 1822-2011. Lawrence: University of Kansas, 2012. Print. 2. Shortridge, James R. Kansas City and How It Grew, 1822-2011. Lawrence: University of Kansas, 2012. Print. 3. Missouri. City of Kansas City. Water Services Department. Overflow Control Plan. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print. 4. Fratta, Nick. “Junkspace Kansas City.” Thesis. University of Kansas, 2012. Print. 5. Bronson, Theron. “Quilt and the Stitch.” Thesis. Kansas State University, 2013. Print.
General References Berger, Alan. Drosscape: Wasting Land in Urban America. New York: Princeton Architectural, 2006. Print.
Frisch, Michael, Scott Walters, and Jacob Wagner, eds. A Revitalization Strategy for Independence Avenue. 01 Aug. 2011. Plan. Kansas City, Missouri.
Independence Avenue Business District Market Study. Brookline: FinePoint Associates LLC, 2008. PDF.
Missouri. City of Kansas City. City Planning and Development. FOCUS Kansas City Plan. Ed. Vicki Noteis. N.p.: n.p., 1994. Print.
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Appendix
Missouri. City of Kansas City. City Planning and Development. Greater Downtown Area Plan. Kansas City: n.p., 2010. Print.
Missouri. City of Kansas City. City Planning and Development. Greater Downtown Area Plan Data Book. Kansas City: n.p., 2010. Print.
Missouri. City of Kansas City. City Planning and Development. Truman Plaza Area Plan. Kansas City: n.p., 2012. Print.
Missouri. City of Kansas City. City Planning and Development. Truman Plaza Area Plan Databook. Kansas City: n.p., 2012. Print.
Montgomery, Rick, and Shirl Kasper. Kansas City: An American Story. Kansas City, MO: Kansas City Star, 1999. Print.
United States. Department of Transportation. Smart Moves Regional Transit Vision. N.p.: n.p., 2008. Print.
Waldheim, Charles. The Landscape Urbanism Reader. New York: Princeton Architectural, 2006. Print.
endnotes
acknowledgements The Kansas City Design Center would like to thank all individuals and institutions who were involved with our project this year and made this publication a success. We owe each of them a debt of gratitude for their contributions and encouragement.
First and foremost we would like thank the William T. Kemper Foundation and Hall Family Foundation. Our success in building public interest in and understanding of urban design issues would be impossible without their generous support.
Our deepest gratitude is extended to the stakeholders and sponsoring institutions; without their trust and involvement, this project would not have been possible. The following individuals and institutions must be recognized for their support and endorsement: Northeast Alliance Together (NEAT); the City of Kansas City, Missouri’s City Planning and Development, including Director Bob Langenkamp, and City Planners Kellie Johnston, Emilio Useche, and Olofu Agbaji; the City of Kansas City, Missouri’s Office of the City Manager, including City Manager Troy Schulte, and Assistant to the City Manager Kerrie Tyndall; Kansas City, Missouri Community Development; the Housing Authority of Kansas City; the Kansas City Museum; the Kansas City Public Library- Northeast Branch; Katie Greer; Mattie Rhodes; and the Northeast Chamber of Commerce, including Bobbi Baker and Rebecca Koop.
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Appendix
A great debt is owed to the Downtown Council, AIA Kansas City, Mid-America Regional Council, University of Missouri-Kansas City, and the Kansas City Public Library, for their academic and professional support throughout this project.
Our gratitude is extended to the KCDC Board of Directors, who represent our collaborating academic institutions, as well as the local civic and professional communities.
The collection of research, analysis, and design proposals expressed in this publication are the collective thinking between faculty and students, various critics and professionals, and stakeholders of the Northeast. The critical advice and views of our reviewers provided in-depth knowledge and interpretations that guided our ideas. Special thanks to Genevieve Baudoin, Blake Belanger, Jason Brody, Michael Gibson, Bruce Johnson, Matt Kleinmann, Heidi Pollmann, Doug Stockman, and Jacob Wagner for their interest and participation as reviewers.
Finally, the studio would like to thank Vladimir Krstic, whose selfless dedication to urban design and this program are unyielding. Without his dedication and guidance, this project and publication would not have been possible.
acknowledgements
students BLAKE ARCHER Architecture | Kansas State University
AMANDA BARKER Interior Architecture | Kansas State University
NICK BAUMGARTEN Architecture | University of Kansas
THERON BRONSON Architecture | Kansas State University
THOMAS CHAMBERS Architecture | University of Kansas
CELESTE CLAYTON Architecture | University of Kansas
NICK FRATTA Architecture | University of Kansas
CHRIS GILLAM Architecture | University of Kansas
KAYLA HALES Architecture | Kansas State University
KURT HEINEN Architecture | Kansas State University
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Appendix
DANNY KLIEWER Architecture | Kansas State University
CHLOE LEWIS Interior Architecture | Kansas State University
VANESSA LIU Architecture | Kansas State University
CARISSA LOEHR Interior Architecture | Kansas State University
RYAN MC CABE Architecture | University of Kansas
KEITH MOORE JR Architecture | University of Kansas
JEREMY NELSON Architecture | University of Kansas
JJ NICOLAS Architecture | Kansas State University
ERIC WENCEL Planning | Kansas State University
DREW YARNELL Interior Architecture | Kansas State University
students
Independence Avenue Urban Vision Study