owner’s manual
Your uterus
fallopian tubes
— a primer
uterus ovary
ovary
compiled by linda tuccio-koonz cervix
T
he uterus, or womb, is hollow and pear-shaped and is one of the few organs that makes us uniquely female. Its main purpose is to protect and nourish a developing fetus, and then go through a series of contractions to push the baby out when it’s time to be born. Its narrow, lower portion is the cervix and the broad upper area is made of three layers of tissue.
Photo: rubberball/GettyImages. Illustration: D© Madartists/Dreamstime.com.
The uterus’ middle layer (myometrium) is muscular tissue that expands during pregnancy to hold the fetus and contracts during labor to deliver the child. The outer layer (parametrium) also expands and contracts. The inner layer (endometrium) thickens each month to receive a fertilized egg, but sheds through menstruation if that doesn’t happen.
The uterus is found in a woman’s lower abdomen, between the bladder and the rectum.
The first sign of uterine disease is often bleeding between periods or after sex.
Endometriosis is a painful disorder in which tissue that normally lines the uterus grows outside of it. It most commonly involves the ovaries, bowel or tissue lining the pelvis, and can affect fertility.
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in the U.S. It originates in the uterus’ inner lining and is found in its earliest stages by women who
see their doctors at the first sign of abnormal vaginal bleeding. Other symptoms can include postmenopausal bleeding, difficult or painful urination, or pain during intercourse.
Uterine fibroids are relatively common noncancerous growths and are usually discovered during a pelvic exam or ultrasound. They seldom need attention, but can require emergency treatment if they cause sudden, sharp pelvic pain or heavy menstrual bleeding.
Uterine prolapse happens when the pelvic floor muscles stretch and weaken, causing the uterus to drop down into the vagina, and in some severe cases, outside the vagina.
For uterine health, eat a balanced diet and exercise; walking is great. Diet should include high-fiber foods and plenty of fluids to avoid constipation. Reduce fat intake by choosing lean cuts of meat, and limit use of added fats such as butter and oils. HL
For additional information on the uterus go to
www.timesunion.com/healthylife
timesunion.com/HealthyLife
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