© GP/EMMA STONER
image A WOMAN STUDIES SOLAR POWER SYSTEMS AT THE BAREFOOT COLLEGE. THE COLLEGE SPECIALISES IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PROVIDES A SPACE WHERE STUDENTS FROM ALL OVER THE WORLD CAN LEARN TO UTILISE RENEWABLE ENERGY. THE STUDENTS TAKE THEIR NEW SKILLS HOME AND GIVE THEIR VILLAGES CLEAN ENERGY.
2
(100 million KRW)
ITEM
SUPPORT
RE
Subsidy
2010
2015
2020
2030
Solar thermal
137
236
1,257
2,746
599
Photovoltaic
869
1,017
1,945
2,525
608
Wind
144
993
1,777
1,076
-
Hydro
107
103
97
62
56
Bio Geothermal
78
327
102
420
629
460
1,412
2,761
2,517
2,246
-
-
-
-
-
Ocean Waste Sub-total FIT Loan Diffusion
883
1,614
4,144
4,870
3,131
2,679
5,703
12,083
14,215
7,270
1,171
2,462
3,589
2,607
657
2,041
2,718
1,699
1,919
1,723
5,891
10,883
17,371
18,741
9,650
R&D
2,000
3,750
5,625
4,063
2,313
Total
7,890
14,663
22,996
22,803
11,963
source Korea RE white paper 2010.
Photovoltaic power Since its very first solar power plant was built in
2004, the total capacity of solar power has reached 414.7 MW in 2009.18 One of the most critical driving factors for the market development of photovoltaic energy has been the feed-in tariff (FIT), incentive structure to encourage the adoption of NRE, introduced in 2006, but the decision was made in 2008 to reduce the rate by up to 30% as a way of encouraging local production. As with wind, the solar FIT scheme will be replaced in 2012 by RPS, and utility companies will be given a separate solar energy production quota of 120 MW in the first year, gradually increasing to 200 MW in 10 years, after rules are enacted. The government plans to put the Photovoltaic energy in the priority for the RPS and will allot a mandatory annual supply: 263 MW in year 2012; 552
MW in 2013, 867 MW in 2014, 1,209 MW in 2015 and 1,577 MW after 2016. The allotment for photovoltaic is to be concentrated in the initial 5 years (1012-2016) in order to bringing up the industry, afterwards the competition among other renewables is to be encouraged without specific allotment after 2017. Rates now range from KRW 572 (€0.37)/kWh for systems smaller than 30kW to KRW 509 (€0.33)/kWh for those larger than 1MW capacity. Korea, a leading country in the semi-conductor and displays industry, has technological advantages with the strong support from the government, but it is weak in terms of small size of domestic market and lack of core technologies of PV, and the competition with the cheap Chinese PV products and the burden for the governments to subsidize the industry is threatening the growth.
table 2.8: south korea: annual mandatory PV supply for RPS (MW)
New
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
263
552
867
1,209
1,577
-
-
-
-
-
-
table 2.9: south korea: annual PV allotment (installation) for RPS (MW)
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
New
200
220
240
260
280
-
-
-
-
-
-
Cumulative
200
420
660
920
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
sources for 2.8 & 2.9 Korea PV Industry Association.
reference 18 5TH BASIC PLAN FOR LONG-TERM ELECTRICITY SUPPLY AND DEMAND (2010 ~ 2024).
31
KOREAN ENERGY & CLIMATE POLICY
2008
climate & energy policy |
table 2.7: south korea: government financial support for RE