MALI 0
MAURITANIA M
800
Table 14.1. Ecological Footprint, Economy and Human Development (2005)
KILOMETERS Population
MALI Tombouctou
Pr
Bamako
GUINEA GU GUIN INEA IN
M
ali occupies 124.0 million hectares. Of those, 12.6 million hectares are covered by forest, 4.8 million by cropland and 51.2 million by grazing land, with 0.6 million hectares supporting its built infrastructure. A landlocked country, Mali has 2.0 million hectares of inland water. Adjusting for its cropland, grazing land, forest and fishery yields, which are lower than corresponding global averages, Mali has a biocapacity of 34.7 million global hectares (gha).
Biocapacity
Ecological Footprint
Total global hectares (thousands)
Mali World
13,518,000 6,475,634,000
21,896 17,443,626
Biocapacity
Global hectares per person
34,714 13,360,955
1.62 2.7
2.57 2.1
Sources: Global Footprint Network, National Footprint Accounts, 2008 Edition; Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). PopSTAT, 2005.
er
Nig
BURKINA FASO
This is more than its total Ecological Footprint of 21.9 million gha. Mali’s average Ecological Footprint per person is 1.6 gha, smaller than both the world average Footprint and the amount of biocapacity available per person on the planet. It is also considerably smaller than the 2.6 gha of biocapacity available per person within Mali. As its population grew from 4.4 million to 13.5 million between 1961 and 2005, biocapacity per person in Mali decreased by 60 percent.
Sources: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Statistical databases, 2008a,b,c; Global Agro- Ecological Zones, 2008; Global Land Cover, 2000.
62 | FOOTPRINT FACTBOOK | AFRICA 2009
Ecological Footprint
GDP (USD) ECONOMIC QUINTILE (2001) Percentage share of income
Total (billions) 5.3
Per person (PPP) 1,004
Highest
Fourth
Third
Second
Lowest
46.6
22.2
14.7
10.2
6.1
Sources: UNDP, 2005. Human Development Report, 2007; The World Bank; World Development Indicators database, 2007; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Beyond 20/20 Web Data Server, 2006.
Mali
Female
Human Development Index Value (0=min. 1=max.)
0.380
–
Adult Literacy Rate (percent adults over 18) Gross Enrollment Ratio (percent eligible students enrolled) Irrigated Cropland (percent of total, 2000)
24.0
15.9 36 –
42.6
Undernourishment (percent of population, 2000)
5.0 50 – 4
Life Expectancy (years)
53.1
Access to Improved Water (percent of population, 2002) Domestic Electrification (percent of population, 2000)
– – – 55.3
Male – 32.7 50 – – – – 50.8
Sources: UNDP, 2005.Human Development Report, 2007; The World Bank. World Development Indicators database, 2007; International Energy Agency (IEA). 2002. World Energy Outlook.