Summation 1989 by Fordham Law IR

FORDHAM UNIVERSITY

School of Law

1989

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Administration And Faculty . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Academic Activities .

• • • • • • • • • • • •

Underclassmen . . . . . . . . 61 The Graduates . . . . . . . . . 69

One Day at Fordham 路...

DEDICATION This edition of Summation is dedicated to John D. Feerick, Dean of Fordham Law School, who serves as Chairman of the New York State Commission on Government Integrity. The Dean's quest for ethical jurisprudence has set the example for the graduating class. We aspire to maintain this standard of legal integrity and professional conduct throughout our careers. Special thanks to Dean Robert Reilly and George Geer of the Delmar Company for their indispensable assistance in preparing this yearbook. Yearbook Editors

1989

Administration And Faculty

Rev. Joseph A. O'Hare, S.J. University President

Jobn D. Feerick Dean and Professor of Law

Georgene Vairo Associate Dean

Robert M. Hanlon, Jr. Assistant Dean and Registrar

William J. Moore Assistant Dean and Director of Admissions

Robert J. ReiDy Assistant Dean for Student Affairs 19

\ Maureen Provost Assistant Dean

James A. McGough Director of Financial Aid and Assistant Director of Admissions

Rachel Vorspan Director of Legal Writing Programs

Abraham Abramovsky

Douglas E. Abrams

James Brook

Deborah A. Batts 21

Ro~rt

M. Byrn

John D. Calamari

Daniel J. Capra

Yung Frank Chiang

James A. Cohen

Mary C. Daly

Mark L. Davies

Carl Felsenfeld

Martin Fogelman

Carolyn Gentile

Roger J. Goebel

Bruce A. Green

Helen Hadjiyannakis

Hugh C. Hansen

Barry Hawk

Gail D. Hollister

Robert J. Kaczorowski

Constantine N. Katsoris

Robert A. Kessler

Michael R. Lanzarone

Michael T. Madison

Rev. Donald L. Magnetti, S.J.

Michael P. Malloy

Maria L. Marcus

Micbael M. Martin

Edward RC. McGonagle

Jacqueline Nolan-Haley

Josepb M. Perillo

Ernest Earl Phillips

Thomas M. Quinn

David A. Schmudde

Donald L. Sharpe

Andrew B. Sims

Joseph C. Sweeney

DEGREES CONFERRED, MAY 1989 The degree of Doctor of Law O.D.) was conferred upon the following graduates on May 20, 1989: Daisy C. Abel, A.B. Bruce Howard Abe r, A.B. Thomas J. Adams, A.B. Joanne Addas, B.S. James Diell Addis路, A.B. Ronald Wolf Adelman, B.A. Linda Susan Ag~ston, B.A. Amy Rachel Agress, B.A. Joseph Michael Albero, B.S. Peter John Allen, B.A. Martha Lee Applebaum, A.B. Linda Aprahamian, B.S. Jean Mills Aranha, B.A. Susan Baidzar Arkun, B.A. Rose Armao, B.S. Maria Anna Arnott, B.S. Anne Terese Azzu, B.A. Maureen Frances Baker, B.A. John Joseph Barbera, B.A. Steven Lawrence Barnett, B.S. Anne Love Barnett, B.A. Lisa Ellen Barse, A.B. Vincent Edwarp Bauer, A.B. Douglas John Baumann, B.S. Howard Adam Bender, B.A. Dean Stewart Benjamin, A.B. Adam Carl Berkowitz, B.S. Stanley Allen Bowker, Jr., M.A. Joseph Andrew Boyle, B.A. Robin Boyle, A.B. Peter Bevier Brandow, B.A William Robert Brennan, B.S. Stephen William Brennan, B.A. Tina Eve Brier, B.A. Jonathan Andrew Brill, A.B. Timothy Edward Brog, B.A. Elaine F. Brown, B.A. Michael Darcy Browne, B.A. William Michael Bryk, B.S. Valerie Joan Budzik, B.A. Thomas Edward Buono, B.S. James Stephen Burbage, M.A. Mitchell Ives Burger, B.S. Robert Joseph Burns, B.A. Denis J. Butler, B.A. Joseph Francis Buzzell, B.A. Alberto Caballero, B. B.A. Joseph L. Calamari, B.S. PeterS. Cane, B.A. Lisa Ann Cannella, B.A. Charles Capetanakis, B.S. Christine R. Cardi, B.S. Charles Carella, M.B.A. Willis B. Carman, B.A. Leo Michael Carr, B.A. Lisa M. Catanzaro, B.S. James Edward Cecchi, A.B. Gregory Bruce Cerbone, B.S. Claire Claudia Chadirjian, A.B. Grace Waiven Chang, B.S. Janet E. Olivier Charles, B.A. Jennifer Susan Charwat, A.B. Augustine Vincent Cheng, A.B. Eric David Cherches, B.A. Sarah Anne Chermak, B.S. Laura J. Cirincione, B.A . Maureen Geralyn Cleary, B.A. Theresa Ann Coghlan, B.A.

Steven Marc Cohen, A.B. Kerry E. Connolly, B.A. John Peter Corrigan, B.A. Claudia Alejandra Costa, B.A. Andrew James Costigan, B.A. Gillian Grace Coulter, B.A. Ruth Lynn Cove, B.A. Julia Keyes Cowles, B.A. Susan Eilers Craig, B.S. Susan Mercorella Creavin, B.S. Giuseppe Alessandro Crispo, A.B. RichardS . Crummins, B.A. Jeffrey Roger Cruz, B.A. Edward Cuccia, B.A. Martin Bernard Cunningham, B.A. Thomas Jerome Curran, B.A. Patricia Ellen Curtin, B.A. Jennie D'Arrigo, B.A. Fred Gary Danzig, B.S. Patrick DeAlmeida, B.A. Gerard Albert deBlasi, B.E.E.E. John Peter DellaRatta, Jr., B.A. Jennifer Claire DeMarco, B.A. Graham James Dickson, B.A. Catherine Mary DiDomenico, B.A. Charles Daniel Divone, B.A. Nicholas Thomas Donovan, B.S. Ann-Christine Doran, A.B. Patrick Frances Dorrian , B.A. Owen Francis Duffy, B. S. Audrey Iris Dursht, B.A. Neil Joseph Eckstein, A.B. Karen Marie Bernadette Edwards, A.B. Marla Eisland, A.B. Lucy Eldridge, B.A. Randall Marc Elfenbein, B.A. Michael Jonathan Ende, B.A. Jaime David Ezratty, A.B. Yvette Sharon Falk, A.B. Rosemary Fanelli, B.A. Lisa Joan Felicissimo, M.A. Saul Fellus, B.A. Nadine Risa Fialkow, B.S. Antoinette Joanne Fiore, B.A. Patricia Ann Flannery, B.A. Monika Rita Forndran, B.A . Adele Caryl Freedman, A.B. Jodi Elyse Freid, B.A. Ellen Susan Freidman, A.B. Jeffrey Fried, B.S. Ellen Faith Friedman, B.A. Pamela Sue Friedman, B.A. Barbara Elizabeth Frohnhofer, B.S. Anne Theresa Galligan, B.A. Christian Holt Gannon, B.A. Jeffrey Harry Gejerman, B.A. Lisa Diana Genovese, B. B.A. Johanna Marie Geoghan, B.A. Aurelia A. Georgopoulos, B.S. Joseph Gillette, B.A. Michael Robert Gilman, B.S. Kathleen Gladden, B.A. Laura Sybil Glick, B.A. Robert Alan Glickman, B.A. Jordan Laytin Glickstein, B.A. Nicholas Harry Golfinopoulos, A.B. Elizabeth McLean Grant, A.B. Henry Neil Grant, B.A.

Rudy David Green, B.A. Vanessa Daryl Green, A. B. Marcia Shirley Grenblatt, B:A. Joseph 'Edward Gregory, B.S. Dennis William Grogan, B.S. Christine Elizabeth Hagan, B.A. Joseph David Haralson, B.S. Anne Ellis Hames, B.A. Susan Sherard Harper, B.A. John Lawrence Harrisingh, B.A. David Henry Hartheimer, B.A. Nancy Hersh, B.A. Gabrielle Elizabeth Higgins, A.B. Elyse Reba Hilton, B.A. Andrew Jay Hinton, B.A. Kathleen Hixson, B. Music Gail E. Hodes, B.A. Laurie Joyce Horelick, B.A. Beth Cheryl Housman, B.S. Paul George Huck, B.S. Morgan Hurley, B.A. Gordan Hwang, A.B. Mark James Ierardi, B.S. Patricia Anne Jackson, A.B. Peter David Jackson, A. B. Jocelyn Lee Jacobson, B.A. Rajnikant Jadhav, M.S. Lawrence James, B.S. Kathryn Jea n Jankowski, B.A. Carlotta Pamela Jarvi s, B. S. Matthew Jcon , B:A. Susan Alice Johnston, B.A. Mary Dale Jones-Lancaster, B.A. Julia Hughes Jordan, B.S. Phillip John Jusino, B.S. Maria Araujo Kahn, B.A. Robert Bryan Kambic, B.S. Stephanie Joy Kamerow, B.A. David Joshua Kaplan, A.B. Andrew P. Karamouzis, B.A. Micheleen Clare Karnacewicz, B.A. Philippe D. Katz, B.B.A. Jack Kaufman, B.A. Robert Augu stin Kelly, B. E. John Edward Kiley, B.A. Erika Leigh Kill, B.S. Donald Sa-Il Kim, M.A. Ronald Joseph Kim, M.A. John Kwang-Hi Kim, B.A. Brian Pfohl Kirby, B.A. Belinda Kittles, B.A. Amelia Marie Klein, B.S. Richard Klein , B.A. Eytan Kobre, B.A. Irene Marci Koch, A.B. Alexandra Koeppel, A.B. JeffreyS. Kofsky, B.A. Stephen Bowie Kuhn, B.A. Lynn Hollenbeck Kuo, A.B. Kenneth A. LaBarca, B.S. Michael Lam, B.A. Alfio S. Lanuto, B.A. Jeanine M. Launay, B.A. Miles Gerard Lawlor, B.A. David Thayne Leibell, B.A. Karen F. Leisten , B.S. Andrew Roy Lerner, A.B. Steven Mark Lester, B.B.A.

David Edward Levin, B.S. Diane Levine, Ed.M. Donna Ellen Levy, B.A. Robert Adam Lewis, B.S. Amy Jo Lippman, A.B. Robyn Marsha Lipsky, B.A. Ming Liu, B.A. Duncan}. Logan, B.A. James Stephen 'Lonergan, A. B. Christine Loo, A.B. Catherine Ann Lotito, B.S. Levy R. Lowinger, B.A. Thomas Angelo Lucarelli, B.A. Sarah Jacquelyn Lum, B.A. Jacqueline Noel Lumley, M.P. A. Anne Ryan Mahoney, A.B. M. Kathryn Mainelli, B.A. Peter Makris, B.A. LynnAnn Patricia Malzone, B.A. Michael Der Manuelian, A. B. Jill Marans, A.B. Jonathan Kenneth Marcus, B.A. Brian,I . Marcus, B.S. John Perry Margand, B.A. Susan Marie Marotta, B.S. Frederic Joseph Martin, A. B. Cheryl Ann Matthews, A.B. Alan Stuart Maza, B.S. Mary Rose McBrien, B. S. Philip Th omas McCaffrey, B.A. Sharon L. McCuth y, /\ .13. Thomas John McCarthy, B.A. John Joseph McCartney, B.A. Anthony George McDowell, B.A. Mark Tresham McEnroe, A.B. Lawrence John McGivney, B.S. Bruce Alan McGovern, B.A. Sharon Mary McGuire, B.A. William James McTighe, B.S. Anita Bhushan Mehta, B.A. Sidnie Susan Menkes, B.S. Lisa Erin Meyer, B.A. Jill Andrea Michael, B,A. Maura Kathleen Milligan, A.B. Elizabeth Jane Millstein, B.A. Lydia Anne Milone, B.A. Monica Geli Mittelstadt, B.A. Anthony Xavier Molestina, B.A. Louis V. Molinari, B.S. Jeanne Morrison-Sinclair, B.S. Joseph Paul Muriana, B.S. BrianT. Murphy, B.A. Mihal Nahari, B.A. Peter Edward Nahmias, B.A. Paul John Najarian, B.A. , Deborah Powell Nason, A.B. Paul Salvatore Nasta, B.A. Mercedes Mary Neira, A.B. John Jay O'Donnell, B.A. Regina Kristin O'Shea, B.S. Patrick John O'Sullivan, B.A. Dean Joseph Obeidallah, B.A. Frederick James Onorato, B.A. Robert Lawrence Ostrov, B.A. Charles Joseph Oswald , B.S. Mark Henry Palermo, A.B. James Culbert Palmer, B.A. Nicholas Jordan Palos, B.A.

Robert Arthur Parisi, B.A. John F. Parker, B.A. Michaele Patricia Anna Parnell, B.A. William Gorman Passannante, B.A. John Frances Xavier Peloso, B.A. Nancy Loraine Pennie, B.S. Maytee Pereira, B.A. Michelle Perez, B.S. Audrey Marlene Perlman, M.A. Achilles M. Perry, A.B. George Christy Pe~ers, B.A. Lauren Sklar P~terson, B.A. Daniel Petigrow, A.B. Bernadette M. Pira, B.A. Bartolomeo Pisella, B.A. Steven Edward Plotnick, B. B.A. Douglas Gerard Preston, B.A: Chama B. Radbell, B.A. Jill Corinne Rafaloff, B.A. Tracy J. Ramundo, B.A. Steven Matthew Raphael, B.S. Daniel Scott Ratner, B.A. Edward Jordan Reiner, B.A. Amy Lynn Reiss, B.A. Dianne Rella, B.A. Jeanmarie Ressa, B.A. Uel Rheem, B.S. Mich(lel Paul Rivituso, B.S. Daniel Ross Robbins, B.S. Kenneth Adam Rosenblum, B.A. Jeanne Marie Rosendale, B.A. Felicia Ann Rosenfeld, B.A. Ana maria Rubinstein, A. B. Louis M. Rusinowitz, B. B.A. John Owens Russell, B.A. Patrick Joseph Ryan, B.A. Virginia Marie Ryan, A.B. Melissa Hope Scheiner, M.S. Anthony H . N . Schnelling, M.B.A. Andrew Lee Schoenfeld, B.S. Nancy R. Schunk, A.B. Alan Gregory Schwartz, B.S. Lisa Rose Schwartz, B.S. Paul F. Secchia, A.B. Robert AnthonY. Sellers, B.A. Jeanne Clare Serocke, A.B. Frank Charles Sharp, B.A. Patricia Marie Shea, B.A. Darlene Margaret Sheehan, B.S. Richard James Sheridan, B.A. Laura Shimshidian, B.A. Jeffrey David Silverstein, A.B. Suzette Simon, B.S. Ephraim J. Slomovic, M.S. Arthur Ji:Jseph Smith, B.A. David Stephen Smith, B.A. Robert Paul Smith, B.S. Philip Morgan Sinith, A.B. Dana Irene Spector, A.B. Nina Jill Spiegel, B.A. Charles John Spinelli, B.S. Ilene Weiss Stack, B.A. John Francis State, B.A. Mindy Steinberg, M.I.A. Karl Ann Steinsvaag, B.A. Jeanne Alice Wilson Stevens, B.A. Carl L. Stine, M.F.A . Jennifer Drew Stone, B.A.

Peter Alan Stroili, B.S. John Arthur Sullivan, B.A. Kathleen Ellen Sullivan, B.A. Thomas Richard Suozzi, B.S. Tamar Kon Tait, B.A. Alan M. Tarter, B.S. Anthony John Tomari, B.A. Patricia Ann Trainor, B.A. Joseph Alexander Tranfo, B.A. Jack Jay Traub, B.S. John Anthony Tripodoro, B. B.A. Richard Scott Trostle, B.A. Robert Michael Tudisco, B.A. Arlene Marie Turinchak, B.A. Beth Ann Unger, B.A. James Kevin Valenti, B.S. Brian Kenneth Valentine, B.A. Peter Robert Vaughan, B.A. Stanley Veliotis, M.A. David J. Ventura, B.S. August Charles Venturini, B.A. Joy Rebecca Verschleiser, B.S. Charles Raymond Virginia III, B.A. Joseph John Vitale, B.A. Stephen Vlock, B.A. Stephen James Voutsas, B.A. Lisa Hope Wallach, A.B. Kathleen A. Walsh, B.A. Dorothy Maria Watkins, B.A. Sheryl Ann Watkins, A.B. Connell James Watters, B.S. Arlene Florence Weberg, B.A. Paul Weigartner, B.S. Peter Vincent White, B.S. Michael John White, B.A. Michael Daniel Williams, A.B. Deborah Rae Winograd, A.B. Alan J. Wohlberg, B.S. BettY, Catherine Woo, B.A. Martha Lee Wood, B.A. Margaret Mary Wynne, B.A. Arthur Patrick Xanthos, B.A . Sharon Cindy Yontef, A.B. Edward Athan Zahos, B.A. Nancy Diane Zehner, A.B. Gayle Kathleen Zelazny, B.A. Astra Mara Zibrin, B.S. Eric Marc Zipkowitz, B.A. Elliott Jordan Zucker, B.A. Joel Zweig, B.A.

LAW SCHOOL PRIZESCHAPIN PRIZE

Jocelyn Lee Jacobson THE ANDREW MARK STILLMAN MEMORIAL PRIZE

Jean Mills Aranha Jocelyn Lee Jacobson Michael Der Manuelian SENIOR PRIZES

Jean Mills Aranha Joseph L. Calamari Michael Der Manuelian HONORS

Jean Mills Aranha Jocelyn Lee Jacobson Michael Der Manuelian WEST PUBLISHING CO. PRIZE

Jocelyn Lee Jacobson Michael Der Manuelian THE BUREAU OF NATIONAL AFFAIRS AWARD

Daisy C. Abel THE LAWRENCE]. McKAY PRIZE

Lucy Eldridge John F. X. Peloso Lauren Sklar Peterson THE EMMET McCORMACK FOUNDATION PRIZE

Carl D. Lucchino THE ADDISON M . METCALF LABOR LAW PRIZE

Amy Rachel Agress THE HENRIETTA METCALF CONTRACTS AWARD

Nina Jill Spiegel THE HUGH R. ]ONES PRIZE

Michael Der Manuelian THE BENJAMIN FINKEL PRIZE

Amy Jo Lippman NEW YORK STATE BAR ASSOCIATION STUDENT LEGAL ETHICS AWARD

Thomas R. Suozzi THE MILTON YOUNG PRIZE

Joseph I. Calamari

SEPTEMBER 1, 1988 Paul Damian Fadus, B.A. Leo Francis McGinity, B.S.

THE PETER ]. O'CONNOR PRIZE

Jocelyn Lee Jacobson THE KEITH C. MILLER MEMORIAL AWARD

Patrick DeAlmeida

FEBRUARY 1, 1989 Gregory Karawan, B.A. Ronald James Lafferty, A.B. David McGetrick, B.S. Laurie Cheryl Mogerley, B.A. Brian John Murray, B.A. Maritza Rodriguez, B.A.

FORDHAM LAW ALUMNI ASSOCIATION MEDALS IN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW

Peter Bevier Brandow Eytan Kobre Caroline Rule Eric Mark Zipkowitz

Bruce Howard Aber Thomas J. Adams

Linda Susan Agoston Amy Rachel Agress

Joseph Michael Albero Peter John Allen 30

Martha Lee Applebaum Jean Mills Aranha

Susan Baidzar Arkun Rose Armao

Maria Anna Arnott Anne Therese Azzu 31

Maureen Frances Baker John Joseph Barbera

Anne Love Barnett Steven Lawrence Barnett

Lisa Ellen Barse Vincent Edward Bauer 32

Douglas John Baumann Joseph Andrew Boyle

Robin Boyle William Robert Brennan

Tina Eve Brier Jonathan Andrew Brill 33

Timothy Edward Brog Elaine F. Brown

Thomas Edward Buono James Stephen Burbage

Mitchell lves Burger Robert Joseph Burns 34

Denis J. Butler Joseph Francis Buzzell

Alberto Caballero Peter S. Cane

Lisa Ann Cannella Charles Capetanakis 35

Charles Carella Willis B. Carman

Leo Michael Carr James Edward Cecchi

Claire Claudia Chadirjian Grace Waiven Chang 36

Janet E. Olivier Charles Jennifer Susan Charwat

Sarah Anne Chermak Lauren J. Cirincione

Maureen Geralyn Cleary Steven Marc Cohen 37

Kerry E. Connolly Claudia Alejandra Costa

Julia Keyes Cowles Susan Eilers Craig

Susan Mercorella Creavin Giuseppe Alessandro Crispo 38

Richard S. Crummins Jeffrey Roger Cruz

Edward Cuccia Martin Bernard Cunningham

Thomas Jerome Curran Patricia Ellen Curtin 39

Jennie D'Arrigo Patrick DeAlmeida

John Peter DellaRatta, Jr. Jennifer Claire DeMarco

Catherine Mary DiDomenico Charles Daniel Divone 40

Jennifer Drew Owen Francis Duffy

Audrey Iris Dursht Neil Joseph Eckstein

Marla Eisland Randall Marc Elfenbein 41

Michael Jonathan Ende Jaime David Ezratty

Rosemary Fanelli Lisa Joan Felicissimo

Adele Caryl Freedman Jodi Elyse Freid 42

Ellen Susan Freidman Ellen Strauss Friedman

Pamela Sue Friedman Barbara Elizabeth Frohnhofer

Anne Theresa Galligan Lisa Diana Genovese 43

Johanna Marie Geoghan Aurelia A. Georgopoulos

Joseph Gillette Michael Robert Gilman

Laura Sybil Glick Jordan Laytin Glickstein 44

Elizabeth McLean Grant Henry Neil Grant

Rudy David Green Vanessa Daryl Green

Marcia Shirley Greenblatt Joseph Edward Gregory 45

Dennis William Grogan Joseph Davil Haralson

Susan Sherard Harper John Lawrence Harrisingh

Nancy Hersh Gabrielle Elizabeth Higgins 46

Elyse Reba Hilton Kathleen Hixson

Gail E. Hodes Beth Cheryl Housman

Paul George Huck Gordan Hwang 47

Mark James Ierardi Patricia Anne Jackson

Peter David Jackson Jocelyn Lee Jacobson

Lawrence James Kathryn Jean Jankowski 48

Carlotta Pamela Jarvis Matthew Jeon

Susan Alice Johnston Mary Dale Jones-Lancaster

Phillip John Jusino Maria Araujo Kahn 49

TANG TANG TANG

Robert Bryan Kambic Stephanie Joy Kamerow

David Joshua Kaplan Andrew P. Karamouzis

Philippe D. Katz Jack Kaufman 52

Robert Augustin Kelly John Edward Kiley

Donald Sa-Il Kim Brian Pfohl Kirby

Belinda Kittles Richard Klein 53

TALENT NIGHT

Jeffrey S. Kofsky Lynn Hollenbeck Kuo

Kenneth A. LaBarca Jeanine M. Launay

Miles Gerard Lawlor Steven Mark Lester 56

Amy Jo Lippman Duncan J. Logan

James Stephen Lonergan Christine Loo

Catherine Ann Lotito Jacqueline Noel Lumley 57

Anne Ryan Mahoney LynnAnn Patricia Malzone

Jill Marans Brian I. Marcus

Susan Marie Marotta Frederick Joseph Martin 60

Alan Stuart Maza Mary Rose McBrien

Sharon L. McCarthy John Joseph McCartney

Anthony George McDowell Mark Tresham McEnroe 61

Lawrence John McGivney Bruce Alan McGovern

William James McTighe Anita Bhushan Mehta

Sidnie Susan Menkes Lisa Erin Meyer 62

Jill Andrea Michael Anthony Xavier Molestina

Louis V. Molinari Jeanne Morrison-Sinclair

Mihal N ahari Peter Edward Nahmias 63

Paul John Najarian Deborah Powell Nason

Mercedes Mary Neira John Jay O'Donnell

Regina Kristin O'Shea Patrick John O'Sullivan 64

Dean Joseph Obeidallah Frederick James Onorato

Charles Joseph Oswald Mark Henry Palermo

Nicholas Jordan Palos Robert Arthur Parisi 65

John F. Parker Michaele Patricia Anna Parnell

William Gorman Passannante Nancy Loraine Pennie

Maytee Pereira Michelle Perez 66

Audrey Marlene Perlman Lauren Sklar Peterson

Daniel Petigrow Bernadette M. Pira

Bartolomeo Pisella Douglas Gerard Preston 67

Charna B. Radbell Jill Corinne Rafaloff

Tracy J. Ramundo Steven Matthew Raphael

Daniel Scott Ratner Amy Lynn Reiss 68

Dianne Rella Jeanmarie Ressa

Uel Rheem Daniel Ross Robbins

Marithza Rodriguez l

Felicia Ann Rosenfeld 69

Anamaria Rubinstein Patrick Joseph Ryan

Virginia Marie Ryan Melissa Hope Scheiner

Anthony H.N. Schnelling Andrew Lee Schoenfeld 70

Nancy R. Schunk Alan Gregory Schwartz

Robert Anthony Sellers Jeanne Clare Serocke

Patricia Marie Shea Darlene Margaret Sheehan 71

Richard James Sheridan Laura Shimshidian

Jeffrey David Silverstein Arthur Joseph Smith

David Stephen Smith Robert Paul Smith 72

Dana Irene Spector Nina Jill Spiegel

Charles John Spinelli Ilene Weiss Stack

John Francis State Kari Ann Steinsvaag 73

Jeanne Alice Wilson Stevens Carl L. Stine

John Arthur Sullivan Kathleen Ellen Sullivan

Thomas Richard Suozzi Tamar Kon Tait 74

Alan M. Tarter Anthony John Tomari

Patricia Ann Trainor Jack Jay Traub

John Anthony Tripodoro Richard Scott Trostle 75

Robert Michael Tudisco Arlene Marie Turinchak

Brian Kenneth Valentine Stanley Veliotis

August Charles Venturini Charles R. Virginia 76

Joseph John Vitale Stephen Vlock

Stephen James Voutsas Lisa Hope Wallach

Kathleen A. Walsh Dorothy Maria Watkins 77

Sheryl Ann Watkins

Paul Weigartner

Peter Vincent White Michael John White

Michael Daniel Williams Deborah Rae Winograd 78

Betty Catherine Woo

Martha Lee Wood

Margaret Mary Wynne Arthur Patrick Xanthos

Sharon Cindy Yontef Astra Mara Zibrin

Eric Marc Zipkowitz Elliott Jordan Zucker 80

FORDHAM INTERNATIONAL LAW JOURNAL 12

VOLUME

1989

WINTER

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FORDHAM LAW REVIEW VOLUME LVII

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FORDHAM

ENVIRONMENTAL LAW REPORT

URBAN LAW JOURNAL VOLUME XVII

1988-89

NUMBER I VOLUME I

EDITORIAL BOARD ROBU.T B . KAMBIC

EDITORIAL BOARD

Editor-in-Cir.itf

AanruR P. XANTltos Manoging Editor JACI:: KAUFMAN

H . ABU Editor-in-Chit/

BIIUCE

M.uTHA Al"PUBAUM

Wn'ting & R£.SftJrch Etiit.or

!knior Anicles Editor

CHklSTIN'E HAGAN Articks Editor

Business Editor

Aniclu Editor J E.Ff'U. y R. Ca uz

J. JANI:OWSKI Articles & Comm~ntary Editor KATHRYN

Comm~nrary

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Editor

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CHJtJSTtm Loo Associatt Editor

Ass«iatt Edi10r

J. MAJtTn-1 Ill Associatt Editor

EDMUND

FREDERICK

SUZETTE SIMON

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GEORGE KOSTAI:OS JoANN M . LoNGOBARDI CATHEIUNE LoTITO

DANIEL

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AMY WALSH SHERYl. A . WATXJN'S ERIC WflSS CAROL ZYLBUT

CAPJ.A

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GIUSEPPE A . Carsi"'

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BRIAN P. K.IJt.BY

Anic/c Editor KAREN

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E. CoNNOLLY Wn'ti"g c1 Ratoi'Ch Editor

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MATIHEW JOONHO JEON

LISA E. MEYER

NUMBER I

SPRING 1989

JEAN MEYEkOWfTZ

TINA EVE BltrEJl

JOHN

WILLIS

MINETT

MA1THEW W . Moltk.lSOJ'o/

CHA.IlLES CAPETANA.X.lS CAit.MAN

NEIL MOIUUSON

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AMY PaUSACit

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ID 1989 by Fordham

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JOSEPH

SWEENEY

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Fordham Law Review

FORDHAM LAW REVIEW Vol. LVII Seated: Ronald Adelman, Bruce McGovern, Editor-in-Chief Sarah Lum , Ellen F. Friedman, Martha Wood ; Standing: Business secretary Kath leen Smith, Gordon Hwang, Joseph Vitale, Julia Cowles, Maureen Baker, Achilles Perry, Patrick Ryan, Sharon McCarthy

Urban Law Journal

URBAN LAW JOURNAL Vol. XVII Front row: Matthew Jean, Christine Lao, Lisa Meyer, Martha Applebaum, Arthur Xanthos, Editor-in-Chief Robert Kambic, Jack Kaufma n, Willia m Passannante, Frederick Martin. Second row: Jennifer Connors, Kara Donohue, Yvette Mendez, Therese Brady, Eric Weiss, Carol Friedma n, Jennifer Gersten, Ellen Ravitch, JoAnn Longobardi Third row: Barry Bendetowies, Greg Bloom , Robert Edwards, George Kostakos , Steven Katz, Allen Gosdin

International Law Journal

FORDHAM INTERNATIONAL LAW JOURNAL - Board of Editors, Volume 12: Back row: Carl Stine, Editor-inChief; John Peloso, Articles & Book Reviews Editor; Marvin Miller, Articles Editor; Graham Dickson, Senior Articles Editor; Michael Ende, Articles Editor. Front row: Lucy Eldridge, Notes & Comments Editor; Jeanne Morrison-Sinclair, Managing Editor; Rosemary Fanelli, Business & Development Editor; Jodi Freid, Notes & Comments Editor. Not pictured: David Smith , Research & Writing Editor; Ruth Cove, Articles / Notes Editor; Grace Chang, Notes & Comments Editor.

Moot Court

NATIONAL MOOT COURT TEAM - Lauren Sklar

MOOT COURT BOARD Jeanine Launay, John Kim, Michelle Perez,

Petersen, John F.X. Peloso, Lucy Eldridge

Patrick DeAlmeida, Audrey Dursht, Tina Brier, August Venturini, Daniel Robbins, Editor-in-ChiefSusan Marotta; center: Joseph Tranfo

FIRST YEAR DAY DIVISION Daisy Abel University of Michigan Bruce Aber University of Michigan Thomas Adams Colgate University James Addis Dartmouth College Ronald Adelman Columbia University Linda Agoston Drew Uni vasi ty Joseph Albero Ma nh J ll an Coll ege Winifred Albizu Univasity of Pue rto Rico; M.A .. N.Y.U . Martha Applebaum VassJ r College Linda Apraha mian Fordham Uni ve rsit y Maria Araujo New York University Susan Arkun Yale University Maria Arnott Hunter College Anne Azzu Hofstra University Maureen Baker Georgetown University Steven Barnett SUNY Albany Lisa Barse University of Michigan Diane Basso Pace University Vincent Bauer Harvard University Douglas Baumann N ortheastern University Howard Bender Indiana University Dean Benjamin University of Michigan Edward Benkert Trinity College Nadine Berg Cornell University Andrew Besheer New York University Peter Brandow Duke University William Brennan Massachusetts Institute of Technology Timothy Brog Tufts University Elaine Brown Brooklyn College Joseph Buzzell Fordham University Joseph Calamari Fordham University Lisa Cannella University of Connecticut James Cecchi Colgate University Gregory Cerbone Cornell University Claire Chadirjian Barnard College

Grace Chang New York University Jennifer Charwat Brandeis University Eric Cherches University of Rochester Sarah Chermak SUNY Albany Lauren Cirincione SUNY Albany Maureen Cleary Fordham University Theresa Coghlan George Washington University Steven Cohen University of Michigan Kerry Connolly Syracuse University Claudia Costa St. Peter's College Andrew Costigan St. Joseph's Univer:;ity Ruth Cove College of William and Mary Julia Cowles Hamilton College Susan Craig Cornell University Robert Cravens Columbia University Giuseppe Crispo College of the Holy Cross Richard Crummins University of Rochester Jeffrey Cruz Georgetown University Edward Cuccia New York University Martin Cunningham New York University Thomas Curran Georgetown University Joseph Curreri Fordham University Jeannie D'Arrigo Fordham University Patrick DeAlmeida New York University John DellaRatta Fordham University Jennifer DeMarco Lafayette University Catherine DiDomenico Fordham University Nicholas Donovan New York University Ann-Christine Doran Boston College Jennifer Drew Northwestern University Owen Duffy SUNY Maritime Audrey Dursht The New School Neil Eckstein Brandeis University Karen Edwards Barnard College Marla Eisland Cornell University

Lucy Eldridge Hamilton College Randall Elfenbein Columbia University Michael Ende SUNY Albany Jamie Ezratty Brandeis University Rosemary Fanelli Manhattanville College Stephanie Feinstein Brooklyn College Saul Fellus Rutgers University Antoinette Fiore Tufts University Eric Firestone SUNY Binghamton Patricia Flannery lana College Monika Forndran Hunter College; Ph.D., CUNY Adele Freedman Cornell University Jodi Freid George Washington University Jeffrey Fried SUNY Albany Ellen Friedman Wesleyan University Barbara Frohnbofer Georgetown University Anne Galligan Fordham University Jeffrey Gejerman Yeshir a University Lisa Genovese Baruch College Johanna Geoghan Fordham University Aurelia Georgopoulos New York University Joseph Gillette New York University Michael Gilman Rutgers University Rena Gitin Brooklyn College Laura Glick Columbia University Jordan Glickstein Columbia University Marcia Greenblatt Oberlin College Joseph Gregory Cornell University Dennis Grogan Fordham University Mary Hall Vanderbilt University Joseph Haralson Virginia Union University Anne Harnes Brown University Susan Harper Northeast Louisiana University John Harrisingh Howard University Nancy Hersh Fordham University

Elyse Hilton Goddard College Kathleen Hixson Manhattan School of Music Gail Hodes SUNY Binghamton Lynn Hollenbeck Dartmouth College Gordon Hwang Colgate University Mark Ierardi SUNY Albany Jocelyn Jacobson University of Chicago Kathryn Jankowski Tufts University Joon Jeon George Washington University Susan Johnston William Smith College Edgar Jordan Michigan State University Phillip Jusino Fordham University Robert Kambic University of Illinois Stephanie Kamerow Queens College Lisa Kaplan University of Illinois Andrew Karamouzis University of Pennsylvania Jack Kaufman Columbia University Edmund Kelly Amherst College John Kiley Amherst College Erika Kill American University Donald Kim Tufts University John Kim Tufts University Brian Kirby University of California at Davis Carol Kleinman SUNY Stony Brook; M.S. Adelphi; Ph.D. F1. Inst. of Teet Irene Koch Cornell University Jeffrey Kofsky SUNY Binghamton Stephen Kuhn Middlebury College Michael Lam University of Massachusetts at Amherst Jeanine Launay Fordham University David Leibell Trinity College Steven Lester Hofstra University Donna Levy Tulane University Robert Lewis Georgetown University Lisa Lim Wellesley College Amy Jo Lippman Cornell University

Robin Lipsky University of Pennsylvania Christine Loo Cornell University Catherine Lotito SUNY Albany Sarah Lum Yale University Mary McBrien Georgetown University Thomas McCarthy Fordham University John McCartney New York University Joseph McDonald Carleton College Mark McEnroe Stanford University Bruce McGovern Columbia University Sharon McGuire Hofstra University Margaret McWilliams Franklin & Marshall College Anne Mahoney Boston College M. Kathryn Mainelli Brown University Samantha Malloy Boston College LynnAnn Malzone Lycoming College Michael Manuelian Harvard University Jill Marans Cornell University Jonathan Marcus SUNY Binghamton John Margand Marquette University Frederick Martin College of the Holy Cross Alan Maza Yeshiva University Anita Mehta St. Francis College Lisa Meyer SUNY Stony Brook Jill Michael American University Lydia Milone Baruch College Jeanne Morrison College of Mt. St. Vincent Matthew Morrison Lehigh University; M.B.A. Univ. of Houston Mihal Nahri Rutgers University Peter Nahmias Rutgers University Deborah Nason Barnard College Paul Nasta SUNY Stony Brook Mercedes Neira Vassar College Dean Obeidallah Fordham University John O'Donnell Fordham University

Frederick Onorato Providence College Regina O'Shea Georgetown University Robert Ostrov Tulane University; M.I.A. Columbia University Patrick O'Sullivan Fordham University Robert Parisi Fordham University John Parker SUNY Albany Michaele Parnell Ramapo College William Passannante Oberlin College John Peloso Williams College Maytee Pereira Fordham University Michelle Perez Georgetown University Audrey Perlman SUNY Buffalo; M.A., N.Y.U. AchiUes Perry Brandeis University George Peters Franklin & Marshall College Daniel Petigrow Brandeis University Bernadette Pira Fordham University Bartolomeo PiseUa New York University Steven Plotnick University of Miami Douglas Preston SUNY Stony Brook Amy Pruzansky New York University Susan Racbich Syracuse University Charna Radbell Tufts University JiU Rafaloff SUNY Binghamton Tracy Ramundo American University Steven Raphael University of Pennsylvania-Wharton Daniel Ratner Dickinson College Edward Reiner Columbia University Amy Reiss Brown University Dianne Rella Bryn Mawr College J eanmarie Ressa Tufts University Uel Rheem New York University Kenneth Rosenblum Lehigh University Felicia Rosenfeld Swarthmore College Anamaria Rubinstein Barnard College Caroline Rule Univ. of Cape Town; M.F.A., San Francisco Art lnst.

Louis Rusinowitz Hofstra University Patrick Ryan Manhattan College Virginia Ryan Barnard College Anthony Schnelling Swarthmore College Andrew Schoenfeld SUNY Albany Robert Sellers Franklin & Marshall College Jeanne Serocke College of the Holy Cross Patricia Shea Manhattan College Darlene Sheehan Cornell University Richard Sheridan SUNY Albany Laura Shimshidian Trinity College Jennifer Silver S UNY Al bany Jeff Silverstein Washington Unive rsity Suzette Simon Cornell University Lauren Sklar Emory University Arthur Smith New York University David Smith University of Vermont Matthew Smith University of Michigan Philip Smith Columbia University Dana Spector University of Michigan Nina Spiegel Tufts University Adam Starr New York University john State Fordham University Edward Stein Amherst College Mindy Steinberg Barnard College; M.A. , Columbia University Kari Steinsvaaq Wellesley College Carl Stine California Institute of the Arts; M.F.A., CIA Ellen Strauss-Friedman Cornell University John Sullivan Boston College Thomas Suozzi Boston College Alan Tarter Syracuse University Jack Traub Albany State John Tripodoro Pace University Richard Trostle Brown University Robert Thdisco California State-Northridge

Arlene Turinchak Rutgers University Paul Turner Colgate University Beth Unger Wesleyan University Peter Vaughan Denison University Stanley Veliotis Baruch College David Ventura SUNY Albany August Venturini Queens College; M.A. , Brooklyn College Joy Verschleiser Boston University Charles Virginia Lehigh University Joseph Vitale Haverford College Stephen Vlock Columbia University Lisa Wallach Cornell University Lisa Whitcomb Mount Holyoke; M.B.A., Columbia University Michael White SUNY Albany Paul Wiegartner Pennsylvania State University Jeanne Wilson Hobart & William Smith College Deborah Winograd Brandeis University Betty Woo Brooklyn College Martha Wood Wesleyan University Theresa Woods Fordham University Margaret Wynne Yale University Arthur Xanthos Williams College Sharon Yontef Brandeis University Edward Zahos Columbia University Gayle Zelazny Wellesley College

Astra Zibrin SUNY Albany Eric Zipkowitz Queens College EUiott Zucker University of Pennsylvania

NOT PICTURED

Vanessa Green - Vassar College David Hartheimer - Ba rd College Philip McCaffrey - Fordham University David McGetrick - Georgetown University William McTigh<' - Villa nuva University John Russell - Fordham University Frank Sharp - C. W. Post College; M A .. Columbia University

FIRST YEAR EVENING DIVISION Sabrina Adams John Jay College Joanne Addas Hofstra University Eric Alderman Cornell University Peter Allen New England College James August Fairleigh Dickinson University John Barbera Boston University Robert Bauer University of Notre Dame Dov Bergwerk Columbia University Adam Berkowitz SUNY-Albany Ernest Blanchard US Coast Guard; M .A. Brown University Larry Blisko Queens College Robert Boyd SUNY-Binghamton Joseph Boyle Elizabethtown College Ethel Breheny Marymount Tarrytown Stephen Brennan Fordham University Jonathan Brill Cornell University Lois Britten Penn State University Michael Browne Lafayette College William Bryk Manhattan College Valerie Budzik Fordham University Thomas Buono New York University James Burbage Manhattan College; M.A. Manha ttan College Mitchell Burger University of Pennsylvania Robert Burns Fordham University Albert Caballero University of Puerto Rico Ann Caplow University of Wisconsin Christine Cardi Fordham University Charles Carella Lehigh University; M .B.A. lana College Willis Carman New York University Leo Carr Connecticut State University Lisa Catanzaro Manhattan College Joyce Celnik Queens College Mitchell Cohen Occidental Col.; M.A . Fletcher Sch. of Law & Diplo. Abraham Colman Baruch College Susan Creavin SUNY-Albany

Patrick Crilley SUNY-Maritime

Patricia Curtin Fordham University

Fred Danzig University of Rochester

Carol Davis Dartmouth College

Gerard deBiasi Manhattan College

Barbara Diamond Smith College; M .B.A. Columbia Sch. of Business

Marilyn Dick Gordon College

Patrick Dorrian Rollins Col lege

Pamela Epstein University of Vermont

Robert Exelbert University of Pennsylvania, Wharton

Edward Finelt Brandeis University

Kevin Fitzgerald Fordham Universi ty

Mark Forlenza Fordham University

Robert Foster Univ. of Massachusetts; M .B.A. New York Univ. Neysa Furey Wellesley College

David Garber Georgetown University

Elizabeth Grant Smith College

Rudy Green Union Coll ege

Joshua Grunat Fairleigh Dickinson University

Carolyn Handler Barnard College

Barbara Hoffman Yale University; M.A. Yale University

Paul Huck South East Missouri State University

Patricia Jackson Syracuse University

Peter Jackson Marist College

Susan Jacobs Northwestern Uni versity

Micheleen Karnacewicz University of Rochester

Irene Katsoulis New York University

Keelin Kavanagh Fordham University

Ronald Kim Colgate University; M .A. University of C hicago

Amelia Klein SU Y-Albany

Richard Klein Wesleyan University

Robin Klein Vassar Coll ege

Antoinette Konski Universi ty of Delaware

Kenneth LaBarca Fordham University

Ronald Lafferty Univ. of Michigan; M. Div. Gen. Theologica l

Alfio Lanuto Fordham University

Miles Lawlor SUNY-Genesco

Karen Leisten Fordham University

Andrew Lerner Occidental College

David Levin SUNY-Buffalo

Diane Levine SUNY-Downstate Med. Center; M.Ed. Rutgers

Ming Liu New York University

James Lonergan Columbia University

Steven Lovett

Tulane University

John Lumb Univ. of Birmingham; Ph.D. Univ. of Birmingham

Jacqueline Lumley American University; M.A. American University

Dawn McGee University of North Carolina

Leo McGinity Niagara University

David Mcintyre Cornell University

Somendu Majumdar B.E. Col. of R.E. Col.; M.B.A. , Ph.D . Univ. of Maine

Maryfrances Matthews Washington Univ.; M.S. California State Univ.

Elizabeth Melzer Northwestern University

Sidnie Menkes Cornell University

Maura Milligan Barnard College

Jean Mills (Aranha) Yale University

Louis Molinari Fordham University

Sean Moran Fordham University

Daniel Mummery Bowdoin College

Joseph Muriana Fordham University

Brian Murphy Bucknell University

Brian Murray Pace University

Sherry Narodick Univ. of Illinois; M .S. Univ. of Chicago

Ari Neuberger Johns Hopkins University

Michael O'Clair Carleton College

Charles Oswald Long island University

James Palmer Yale University

Nicholas Palos Fordham University

George Parsells Holy Cross College

John Pedulla Fordham University

Nancy Pennie Misericordia College

Jeanne Pucci Fordham University

Michael Rant US Merchant Marine Academy

Margot Read Fordham University

Jaime Recabo Fordham Univ.; M.B.A. St. John's Univ.

Thomas Reilly St. Lawrence University

Kathleen Rice Fordham Universi ty

Michael Rivituso Cornell University

Marithza Rodriguez Fordham University

Karen Rufa Cornell University

Alex Russo lona College

Joanne Sarro Fordham University

Thomas Sauermilch Kiel Univ. ; LL.M. Ind. Univ.; H .A.L.D. Fletcher Sch.

Melissa Scheiner SUNY-Downstate; M.S. Col umbia School of Nursing

Paul Secchia Columbia University

Richard Shustrim Hunter College; M .S. CUNY; Ph .D. Fordham Univ.

Penny Slatky Lehman College

Ephraim Slomovic California State Univ. ; M.S. Baruch College

Ronald Smalls Long Island University; M.S. L.l.U.

Robert Smith St. John's Universi ty

Victor Souto Rutger's University

Charles Spinelli

Fordham University

Ellen Spodek SUNY-Albany

Ilene Stack Hunter College

Peter Stroili Georgetown University

Nathan Szerlip Man. Col.; M.S. Fordham Univ.; M.B.A. Pace Univ.

Christine Testaverde Fordham University

Katherine Tober St. Lawrence University

James Valenti Lafeyette College

Catherine Vance Harvard University

Mary Van Vorl Fordham University

John Volpe Manhatta n College

Gregory Walker Georgetown University

Dorothy Watkins Wellesley College

Connell Watters SUNY-Brockport

Peter Weinberg SUNY-Stony Brook; M .A. New York University

Peter White SUNY-A lbany

John Wolak Boston College

Robert Yocum Franklin & Marshall College

Nancy Zehner Mulhenberg College

Barbara Zerbo Lehman College

Anthony Zioudas National Tech . Univ. of Greece; M.B .A. Columbia Univ.; Ph.D . Univ. of Ill.

Joel Zweig Uni versity of Pennsylvania

Henry Grant CUNY; M.A . Lehman College

Anthony McDowell Lehman College

Not Pictured

William Clair - Florida Atla ntic University Christian Gannon - Fordham University Morgan Hurley - New York Universi ty William Keavy - Georgetown Univ.; M .D. Marquette Un iv. Patricia Quinn - Fordham Uni versity Elizabeth Sands - Wesleyan University