Small Change, Big Gain - Effective Local Development by Punkt Kontaktowy "Europa dla obywateli"

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big gain â&#x20AC;&#x201C; effective local development

small change big gain â&#x20AC;&#x201C; effective local development

Publisher: Adam Mickiewicz Institute, Europe for Citizens Contact Point Poland Editor: Marta Dąbrowska, Joanna Bębenkowska Translation: Magdalena Dąbrowa Proofreading: Magdalena Dąbrowa Design and typesetting: Piotr Kloc Print: Drukarnia Braci Grodzickich S.J. Warsaw, December 2011 ISBN: 978-83-60263-82-5

Europe for Citizens Contact Point Poland ul. Krucza 16/22 00-526 Warsaw, Poland tel.: (+48 22) 111 00 14 www.europadlaobywateli.pl edo@iam.pl

Adam Mickiewicz Institute www.iam.pl www.culture.pl

Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency Avenue du Bourget 1 BOUR 04/13 BE-1140 Brussels Belgium tel.: +32 (0) 2 299 11 11 – switchboard http://eacea.ec.europa.eu/citizenship/index_en.php

This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Introduction

Cities and municipalities Citizen Identity – City Identity

Action 1, sub-Action 1.1 – Meetings with residents of partnership towns 10th Anniversary of the Partnership of the Żukowo (Poland), Wendelstein (Germany) and Saint Junien (France) Municipalities

Action 1, sub-Action 1.2 – Partnership town meetings The Search for New Identity Through Post-Industrial Cities Multifaced Twin Towns

Foundations and associations

Students Rule – Citizens at School

Action 2, sub-Action 2.3 – Support for projects initiated by civil society organisations Transformations – Three Countries, Three Experiences European Clubs Make a Difference

Common history

The Role of Historical Memory in Shaping Civil Society

Action 4 – Active European memory Memory Trail

Righteous Poles – Restoring Memory: Documentation, Presentation, Education Night and Fog

Introduction

5 Projects organised under the Europe for Citizens Programme are categorised under various fields including sport, the Arts, can be youth orientated, intergenerational, educational, integrational and/or dedicated to history and innovation. Realised projects are diverse but tied together with the common goal of co-operation for regional development. Regional development within the framework of international co-operation is the goal set by the creators of the Europe for Citizens Programme. Each element of the Programme is suited to the needs of different beneficiaries. Individual legal entities such as local administration representatives, non-government organisations, educational institutions, museums, cultural centres and sports centres are able to apply. During the project implementation Polish beneficiaries can share their experiences, draw from the experiences of the institutions and organisations with which they are co-operating and most of all are able to change and positively influence the environment in which they live and work. According to research conducted by the Klon-Jawor Association in 2010, there are over 100 thousand registered Associations and Foundations in Poland. As per the latest research results, in 2010 12% of Poles were members of all kinds of Associations and groups, 16% dedicated their time and work to Associations free of charge and 54% supported them financially. Of course the research entails activities within the framework of functioning Foundations or Associations, while active social involvement does not have to be connected to any institutions. The over-arching goal of projects realised by beneficiaries of the Europe for Citizens Programme, is most commonly the encouragement of active citizen participation and responsibility towards the development of local environments within the framework of international co-operation. There is no doubt that social cohesion is influenced by economic factors, however according to the European Economic and Social Committee, social involvement also considerably increases the general sense of citizen contentment. Regional responsibility brings not only financial benefits in the form of investments but is also reflected in the form of more responsible civil actions and care for the common good. We warmly invite you to have a look at examples of past projects which can serve as inspiration for your own undertakings. The exchange of experiences and opportunity to build relationships within the social and business sector are a chance worth making use of thanks to projects financed by the Europe for Citizens Programme.

Marta DÄ&#x2026;browska Europe for Citizens Contact Point Poland

Cities and municipalities

CITIES AND MUNICIPALITIES | Citizen Identity – City Identity

Citizen Identity – City Identity In analysing the identity of a city, we have to take into account at least three main aspects: its history and the economic, cultural and social conditions related to it, the condition of its local industry and the activeness of local nongovernment organisations. While the concept of city identity has always been influenced by the first two elements, the significance of the third one has only recently been rightly acknowledged. Local non-government organisations are the obvious display of civil activeness amongst the residents of a particular city. The fact that such organisations are established and exist demonstrates the willingness of local communities to shape their local surrounding realities. In Poland, a country with a relatively new democracy, there still exists a need to build a civil society, especially in the context of awareness about the influence that ordinary citizens can have on the situation within their city or country. The lack of belief in effectiveness and in grassroot projects is still commonplace. This situation is gradually improving along with the rise in the effectiveness of activities undertaken by existing non-government organisations. The rise in effectiveness of non-government organisations is, however, tied to the opportunity of establishing cooperation with the organs of public administration. The importance of the third sector for the development of societies has been noticed by governments on a local, national and European level. Thanks to this, many tools, which enable inter-sectoral collaboration have been and are being created. This, in turn leads to the realistic implementation of grassroot, social initiatives. The measurable effects of such initiatives mean that a sense of identity and social responsibility is developed in our society. This is a perfect motivator for subsequent actions and for the creation of new organisations. An interesting example of social activeness for a city and its residents is the transformation currently taking place in Łódź. A city once famous for being a European centre of the textile industry has had to come to terms with the fall of the great industry, which has led to far reaching economic and social effects. The abrupt impoverishment of the local society, a rise in unemployment, a deterioration of architecture – all of this consequently lead to the question: what

CITIES AND MUNICIPALITIES | Citizen Identity – City Identity

next? Which direction of development to take? Surprisingly the answer came with non-government organisations who, sourcing inspiration from post-industrial heritage, pushed the city in the direction of culture and the Arts. From year to year, the streets and old industrial buildings of Łódź have become centres for festivals and artistic initiatives. Cultural events became a significant element of the life and image of the city, in this way influencing its new identity. This turn of events became the inspiration for local government action in the context of the management of revitalised post-industrial buildings. One of the best examples of this is the revitalisation plan of the old EC1 electrical power plant complex, which is set to become one of the key elements of a new cultural and research centre. This is only one of the many examples of the interaction between citizen and city identity which illustrates how this identity can be shaped by local initiatives with support from public authorities. Marta Borowska The Youth Palace. J. Tuwim in Lodz

EUROPE FOR CITIZENS PROGRAMME ACTION: Action 1, sub-Action 1.1 – Meetings with residents of partnership towns

PROJECT TITLE: 10th Anniversary of the Partnership of the Żukowo (Poland), Wendelstein (Germany) and Saint Junien (France) Municipalities

PERIOD OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION: 21.04.2011-22.07.2011

GRANT: 16,097,13 Euros

CONTACT DETAILS: Office of the Żukowo Municipality ul. Gdańska 52 83-330 Żukowo E-mail: fundusze@zukowo.pl www.zukowo.pl

CITIES AND MUNICIPALITIES | Action 1, sub-Action 1.1 – Meetings with residents of partnership towns | 10th Anniversary of the Partnership of the Żukowo (Poland), Wendelstein (Germany) and Saint Junien (France) Municipalities

10th Anniversary of the Partnership of the Żukowo (Poland), Wendelstein (Germany) and Saint Junien (France) Municipalities Between the 26th and the 29th of May 2011, the Żukowo municipality hosted a delegation of representatives from partnership towns for the 10th Anniversary of the partnership between Żukowo, Wendelstein (Germany) and Saint Junien (France). During the visit, guests were able to witness, amongst other things, the functioning and development of the municipality’s economy. Mayors visited the Unilever Poland and Interplastic production halls in Banin and Tuchom. They also had the opportunity to find out more about the cultural and community assistance in the region through participating in seminars prepared by the Żukowo municipality administration. The exchange of experiences was related to working against social exclusion, unemployment and poverty. The functioning of social assistance in the three partner municipalities was presented. The importance of the role of volunteering as a means to help those in need was propagated. The municipality representatives also encouraged getting to know the cultural and artistic heritage of Żukowo. As part of the celebrations of partnership towns, a “Market of Friendship” took place by the river in Żukowo on the 27th of May. Performances by Polish and international artists, as well as a concert by the Żukowo Municipality Brass Band took place. Regional products and handicrafts from the three municipalities were presented at the market stalls. Guests also visited the Centre for the Education and Promotion of the Region in Szymbark. Mayors were invited to prepare and bake bread together as a symbol of partner co-operation.

The organiser of the celebrations were the Municipal Cultural Centre and the Municipal Office, both in Żukowo. As a result of the meeting, the signing of co-operation was signed between the partnering municipalities.

Project Strong Points Several important topics related to local communities were raised during the meeting of cooperating municipalities. The exchange of experiences and ideas for the future resulted in the signing of a document of mutual co-operation. Establishing mutual co-operation is a chance for revolutionary changes in the actions of residents and in the development of local communities.

EUROPE FOR CITIZENS PROGRAMME ACTION Action 1, sub-Action 1.2 – Partnership town meetings

PROJECT TITLE The Search for New Identity Through Post-Industrial Cities

PERIOD OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION: 01.04.2009-31.03.2010

GRANT: 8,557 Euros

CONTACT DETAILS: City of Łodź, Office of Tourism Promotion and International Co-operation ul. Piotrkowska 87 90-423 Łódź E-mail: promocja@uml.lodz.pl www.lodz.pl

CITIES AND MUNICIPALITIES | Action 1, sub-Action 1.2 – Partnership town meetings | The Search for New Identity Through Post-Industrial Cities

The Search for New Identity Through Post-Industrial Cities The conference titled “The Search For New Identity Through Post-Industrial Cities” was realised as part of Action 1.2 – Partnership town meetings. The city of Łódź, together with its rich history faces various challenges and opportunities, one of these being the creation of its identity whose basis is rooted in tradition and EU membership. The “Search for Identity Through PostIndustrial Cities” project is one of the steps being taken by the city in order to build an active civil society. Amongst the conference members were representatives of Tampere (Finland), Chemnitz (Germany) and Łódź (Poland). At the heart of the development of these cities, lies the textile industry which forms the basis of their economic, social and political existence. Industrial heritage is still a very important element, which cannot be omitted in the creation of a new identity. The organisation of the conference was a great opportunity for discussion about history and about a future based on experiences gathered from the past. Participants could also reflect upon identity development on a local as well as on an international level. Representatives of city authorities, experts (architects, urban planners), scientists, experts from the textile industry, artists specialising in textiles and organisations and groups of citizens gathered together in order to work on developing the identity of the aforementioned cities. The conference took place between the 15th and the 17th of April 2009 in Łódź. One hundred and thirty two participants took part in the three day event. The first day of the conference was dedicated to culture and history. Participants gathered at the City of Łódź Museum. The conference session was officially opened by the Mayor of Łódź, Mr. Jerzy Kropiwnicki. Each city began its presentation about culture and history. The second part of the conference titled “The Meaning of Architectural Heritage for City Identity – Revitalisation and Adaptation of Post-Industrial Buildings for New Purposes”, took place at the European Institute on Piotrkowska Street. The City architect Mr. Marek Lisiak was the moderator for this segment. Tampere began its presentations with

CITIES AND MUNICIPALITIES | Action 1, sub-Action 1.2 – Partnership town meetings | The Search for New Identity Through Post-Industrial Cities

information about town planning in its city. The history of Tampere was presented next – “From Industrial City to City of Knowledge”. The third part of the conference titled “Tradition as the Basis of New Opportunities”, took place on the 17th of April 2009 at the Central Museum of Textiles in Łódź. Of special interest to participants was the question of the relationship between industry and textile art. After the readings and presentations, participants were able to see a unique exhibition of painted silk, which is part of the museum collection. The main issue, raised as part of the project, was the search for a new identity by cities whose history was shaped by industry and especially by the textile industry. Project participants talked about the factors which influenced the development of each of the cities. The historical context was the point of reference in discussing modern day issues such as the revitalisation and protection of architectural heritage. As a result of the conference: •

a conference website titled “The Creation of Thematic Webs Between Partnership Towns” was created. All available information and materials about the conference was uploaded onto the page. An internet forum, which aided communication was divided into three themes related to the conference topics of history and culture, the revitalisation of post-industrial objects and textiles

•

a 20 page publication was published containing articles related to the conference presentations. Some articles were edited directly by presentation authors whilst some were prepared by the city of Łódź on the basis of audio recordings and PowerPoint presentations. One thousand copies of the publication were printed with copies being sent to Chemnitz and Tampere, to other partners involved in the conference organisation and to Universities in Łódź

Project Strong Points The idea of hosting the conference at historical architectural sites is what undoubtedly influenced the project’s attractiveness and provided a connection to present day queries. The reflection upon building resident identity in relation to local and European history is an excellent form of European integration and a good way to build a sound civil society.

EUROPE FOR CITIZENS PROGRAMME ACTION: Action 1, sub-Action 1.2 – Partnership town meetings

PROJECT TITLE: Multifaced Twin Towns

PERIOD OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION: 01.06.2010-30.11.2010

GRANT: 15,393,53 Euros

CONTACT DETAILS: City of Radomsko, Office of Strategy and Development ul. Tysiąclecia 5 97-500 Radomsko E-mail: um@radomsko.pl www.multifaced.radomsko.pl

CITIES AND MUNICIPALITIES | Action 1, sub-Action 1.2 – Partnership town meetings | Multifaced Twin Towns

Multifaced Twin Towns The purpose of the “Multifaced Twin Towns” project implemented by the Office of the City of Radomsko, was the support and development of thematic networks, between towns. These networks were created, based on the database of last year’s “Golden Ideas For Creativity” conference. Its purpose was to enhance the existing co-operation as well as to create new spheres of action. The next priority was finding the best practices in the field of acting against social exclusion as well as deepening multicultural dialogue and raising awareness about a democratic civil society through actively engaging in various fields of social life. The partners of the project were Lincoln (England), Makó (Hungary), Wozniesiensk (Ukraine), Mickūnai (Lithuania) as well as Hessequa (South Africa). “Multifaced Twin Towns” was based on three events which took place in Radomsko in the Summer and Winter of 2010: • The Radomosko Open Art Festival (”Międzynarodowy Festiwal Artystyczny”) • The International Soccer Tournament (”Międzynarodowy Turniej Piłki Nożnej”) • The Your Voice – Your Future Project (”Twój głos – Twoja przyszłość”) The Open Art Festival was the first event and featured workshops (dance, vocal, cultural and integrational as well as DJ and photographic workshops), youth performances, a photo exhibition, a final show and Radomsko sightseeing. Participants from Radomsko, Lincoln and Wozniesensk took part in the event. Depending on interest, participants could take part in one of the following workshop groups: • Dance • ZOOM – Photographic workshop • Vocal • DJ workshop As well as this, all participants took part in integrational workshops preparing them for work in an international environment. Working in small groups and the occasion to exchange experiences, positively impacted participant relations and created an excellent opportunity for interaction and for getting to know the other cultures and participants.

CITIES AND MUNICIPALITIES | Action 1, sub-Action 1.2 – Partnership Town Meetings | Multifaced Twin Towns

An exhibition of photos from all participating cities took place. Photos of participants taking part in the photographic workshops were also displayed and gathered under the common title “Radomsko in the Eyes of Europe”. After the festival, the exhibition was moved to the Municipal Community Centre, where it was open to visitors for the next two weeks. The Final Show titled Limarawo, took place on the second day and was open to all interested visitors. As part of the show, each country had the opportunity to present a prepared performance. The British group presented the skills of its DJs with a vocal performance and show which incorporated modern, classical and folk music. The Ukrainian show consisted of classical and folk dance mixed with vocal performances. The team from Radomsko presented a rich program which consisted of a dance performance (modern dance) and vocal performances. At the end of the show, all participants from Lincoln, Wozniesensk and Radomsko performed together in a choreographed dance and sang in all featured languages. The performance was prepared during the workshops. The International Soccer Tournament was the second event during which soccer matches and field games gathered over one hundred young soccer players. Radomsko, Egliszki, Woznesensk, Hessequa and Gomunice took part in the tournament. The most important method of co-operation used during the tournament was the rule of “fair play”. During the two day tournament two championships took place separately for girls and boys. Each team was formed from several nationalities. It is worth mentioning that the idea of such an event appealed greatly to the inhabitants of Radomsko, who flocked to the stadium to witness the competition. The conference Your Voice – Your Future was the third event organised. An open air session, debate, workshop and exhibition of democratic posters was held as part of the project. Participants from Radomsko, Makó and Lincoln took part in the conference which was opened by a plenary session accessible to a wider audience. The conference was translated into three languages. Representatives of all participating cities presented examples of democratic and civil activities undertaken in their countries and cities. Representatives of local authorities and youth participated in this part of the program. After the plenary session, a debate titled Round table deliberations took place, during which topics related to the participation of young people in a civil society were discussed. The discussion encompassed, amongst others, the question of civil involvement of youth in their particular countries and towns as well as the role of family, school and local community in the development of their civil attitude. The second day of the conference was dedicated to summarising the conclusions made on the first day. On this basis the youth from the international workshop groups prepared posters related to democracy. During the workshop participants shared their visions on the topics of Social Democracy and Active European Citizenship.

CITIES AND MUNICIPALITIES | Action 1, sub-Action 1.2 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Partnership Town Meetings | Multifaced Twin Towns

Project Strong Points Thanks to the diversity of educational methods used during the project, questions related to youth were developed in an interesting and effective way. International integration of youth is not only an effective way to meet but also an effective way of starting co-operation in the long term.

Foundations and associations

FOUNDATIONS AND ASSOCIATIONS | Students Rule – Citizens at School

Students Rule – Citizens at School Who likes their job? How to like your city? What to do so that young people like their school? The 18th Century German philosopher Johann Gottlieb Fichte found one answer to all of these questions with the notion of “active change” as opposed to “passive negation”. Passive means negation while active implies change. So, let’s act and change for the better! Leaders of social projects race each other with ideas for action which do not only change the environment in which we live, work and learn but which above all encourage common activeness. Do students, wishing to be independent and to make their own decisions remember that the idea of school councils is the first step towards autonomy? You don’t have to be a councilor, mayor or president to influence the functioning of institutions in your country. In each efficiently functioning school, students from a very young age get to know two forms of councils: the class and the school council, chosen through democratic elections. It is important for students to see that as early as school they become the creators of society and their community. School councils have a series of matters and responsibilities to deal with. In this way, students learn the work procedures of their schools. They can voice their demands. They get an insight into the workings of the school, its programs and developments. They participate in talks with teachers and the principal representing the school during various ceremonies. Students learn to be responsible for decisions made, but most of all, they can individually influence the changes in the functioning of the institution in which they are learning. Various school organisations, through which students learn management skills, which they will enhance further at University or in the workplace, work within their schools. European Clubs working under some of the schools are a chance for students to gain additional skills. Filling in the knowledge gained in Society and Culture classes, where students learn about local governments in Poland, European Clubs organise meetings with politicians and representatives of cities and municipalities. Some schools even organise mock local government meetings in which the students participate and play an active role. Extra-curricular activities, which benefit all those participating, are organised in co-operation with non-government

FOUNDATIONS AND ASSOCIATIONS | Students Rule – Citizens at School

and local government organisations. Postulates established during debates are officially passed on to local authorities. This is not only an opportunity for independent decision making for the students, but also a benefit to those actually making decisions for the good of society. Passivity means negation. Action means change! Let’s be active in our local community!

Piotr Zimoch European School Club Co-ordinator, John Paul II Junior High School in Sobków

EUROPE FOR CITIZENS PROGRAMME ACTION: Action 2, sub-Action 2.3 – Support for projects initiated by civil society organisations

PROJECT TITLE: Transformations – Three Countries, Three Experiences

PERIOD OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION: 01.08.2010-31.07.2011

GRANT: 20,166,69 Euros

CONTACT DETAILS: The Stanisław Brzozowski Association ul. Nowy Świat 63 00-042 Warsaw E-mail: redakcja@krytykapolityczna www.krytykapolityczna.pl

FOUNDATIONS AND ASSOCIATIONS | Action 2, sub-Action 2.3 – Support for projects initiated by civil society organisations | Transformations – Three Countries, Three Experiences

Transformations – Three Countries, Three Experiences The ”Transformations – Three Countries, Three Experiences” project is the collaboration of partners from three countries: • Poland – The Stanisław Brzozowski (Krytyka Polityczna) Association from Gdańsk, Warsaw, Cieszyn • Germany - The Absence of Art from Berlin • Czech Republic - Občanské sdružení EducationTalentCulture from the Czech Cieszyn Additionally, motifs from Kiev were included in the project which allowed its context and topicality to be expanded. The topic of transformation – an ever changing everyday reality, allowed for reflection about past democratic changes in the direction of open societies and supranational communities. A film and publication titled ”Places of Transformation” became the pretext for the analysis of socio-economic conditions as well as for individual observations and feelings about transformation and its influence on reality today. As a result of the project a film and publication were created. Film Documentary film Screenplay and direction: Łukasz Konopa Artistic guardianship: Artur Żmijewski Cinematography: Weronika Tofilska, Łukasz Konopa, Krzysztof Trojnar, Rafał Żurek Editing: Leszek Molski Production: Krytyka Polityczna Time: 45 min. Poland 2011

FOUNDATIONS AND ASSOCIATIONS | Action 2, sub-Action 2.3 – Support for projects initiated by civil society organisations | Transformations – Three Countries, Three Experiences

That which began with the strike at the Gdańsk Shipyards and the fall of the Berlin Wall, influenced entire societies and nations. For over 20 years, the places in which these events occurred have undergone a transformation on not only a national but also on a supranational scale. Suburbs of Berlin, Cieszyn, Gdańsk and Kiev changed ruling systems and began their evolution towards democratic standards. Transformation changed everyday lives, changed cities. City centres were filled with skyscrapers, suburbs with supermarkets. And what became of other places? Changes caused the gradual exclusion and neglect of certain suburbs. Many lost their previous functions and often as a result of reforms, their residents grew poorer. Pathological behaviours began to disseminate and those from the “better” parts of town became scared of visiting the worse “parts”. System transformation in Europe became possible thanks to the activeness of citizens. Today such activeness in the sphere of culture and the Arts can lead to social revitalisation. Such is the case with the transformation of postindustrial spaces which are less developed economically, threatened by crime or “haunted” by historical events. A group of reporters and young activists from Germany, Poland and the Ukraine visited Cieszyn, Gdańsk, Berlin and Kiev discovering places in need of revitalisation. They met with people who are trying to change the face of the “forgotten” suburbs. Today, they are visited by invited artists. Art is to be the tool for changing the perception of how we see public spaces and is to strengthen social movement. Will revitalisation through art change the places of transformation? Or will they succumb to gentrification? Łukasz Konopa Studied sociology at the University of Warsaw, film direction at the University of Śląsk and is currently studying documentary film direction at the National Film and Television School. Author of cinematography to Katastrofa, KDT (part of the Demokracje cycle), Świecie 2009 by Artur Żmijewski. Film author of: Ukryci, (as part of his Master’s Degree thesis at the University of Warsaw, under the direction of Prof. Joanna Tokarska-Bakir,) Moje dwadzieścia okrążeń, Chorzy i potrzebujący, Wizyta, Oko (studies realised at the Radio and Television Department of the University of Śląsk in Katowice). Co-director of Ciemnego pokoju nie trzeba się bać with Jakub Czekaj. Publication A double edition of the quarterly Krytyka Polityczna titled “Places of Transformation” takes on the project theme on many levels. In “Places of Transformation” the authors try to outline a wider socio-economic context of the changes that took place. The crisis of government authority in central-east European Countries, the weakness of structural solutions, and the taking away of power with no alternative vision, create a broader picture of what took place. Also shown is

FOUNDATIONS AND ASSOCIATIONS | Action 2, sub-Action 2.3 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Support for projects initiated by civil society organisations | Transformations â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Three Countries, Three Experiences

the transformation of the citizens of post-Communist countries into passive consumers of (often vile) entertainment (section on Pornotransformation) as well as models of creating places of psychological transformation in the tradition of anti-psychiatry (section on Therapy and Community).

Project Strong Points Transformations in post-communist countries, shown through specific examples, are testimony to the great understanding of the role played by historical conscience in the building of civil society.

EUROPE FOR CITIZENS PROGRAMME ACTION: Action 2, sub-Action 2.3 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Support for projects initiated by civil society organisations

PROJECT TITLE: European Clubs Make a Difference

PERIOD OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION: 01.08.2010-28.02.2011

GRANT: 15,600,86 Euros

CONTACT DETAILS: The Polish Robert Schuman Foundation Al. Ujazdowskie 37/5 00-540 Warsaw E-mail: poczta@schuman.org www: www.schuman.pl

FOUNDATIONS AND ASSOCIATIONS | Action 2, sub-Action 2.3 – Support for projects initiated by civil society organisations | European Clubs Make a Difference

European Clubs Make a Difference For the seventh time the Polish Robert Schuman Foundation invited young people from countries of the European Union to the International Convention of European School Clubs. The meeting was directed at students between the ages of 15 and 20 and their teachers, with both being representatives of groups that seek to promote the values and ideals of European integration within their schools. The convention under the title of “Volunteering for Tolerance” took place near Kielce, Poland between the 12th and the 16th of November 2011. The European Commission declared 2011 the “European Year of Volunteering”. According to the Commission, volunteering supports active participation in social life and strengthens common European values such as solidarity and social cohesion. The 16th of November is the International Day of Tolerance, officially recognised by the United Nations and is, therefore, a date of significance for the Convention. This year’s International Convention of European School Clubs was dedicated to the two topics. The aim of the project was to show how the work of volunteers could become the medium which helps the propagation of tolerance throughout Europe. One of the main means of achieving the goal of a strong, common Europe is better mutual understanding of different cultures. Tolerance and respect as well as the acceptance of different values to our own are the key factors in this process. Volunteering is an ideal way of gaining knowledge about other cultures while playing an important role within society. This is why during the five days of the convention, 90 young people and their teachers from various European countries combined forces, working on the theme of volunteering and tolerance in Europe. Using brainstorming, workshops, debates, quizzes and presentations, the participants expanded their knowledge in this field. They learnt how to avoid stereotypes, taking part in games, during which knowledge gained at the convention could be used. All activities and workshops took place in English. The organisers took care of the logistics including accommodation, catering and transport transport, partly covering travel costs.

FOUNDATIONS AND ASSOCIATIONS | Action 2, sub-Action 2.3 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Support for projects initiated by civil society organisations | European Clubs Make a Difference

Project Strong Points Co-operation which engages the mentioned organisation, teachers and students provides a chance for exchange of knowledge and experiences. The beneficiaries of the project are, therefore a wide group of people who learnt from each other and who, at the same time, created a field of co-operation in the long term perspective.

Common history

COMMON HISTORY | The Role of Historical Memory in Shaping Civil Society

The Role of Historical Memory in Shaping Civil Society What exactly is the meaning of civil society? The common goal of most civil actions is surely activism itself. Civil activism of citizens, independent of governments, who freely organise themselves to determine and to achieve goals set for the common benefit of all. It seems that the modern understanding of civil society is also based on the notion of a free society which acts within a widely accepted democratic system, next to and not against the national authorities. A civil upbringing learnt at home or at school, should guarantee that young citizens are not only capable of leading their day to day lives, but can also live within a community, contributing to it, conscious of their rights and responsibilities and in keeping with a critical mind, which allows them to rightly judge events and people. In the opposite case, society could become susceptible to ideological manipulations. Pope Benedict XVI spoke about such a society in his address to the Pontifical Committee for Historical Sciences from the 7th of March 2008, outlining that knowledge about the past plays an important role in shaping civil society. This is because a society, which does not remember its past and which with this gets rid of experience gained criteria, cannot create the base for harmonious existence and for common involvement in the achievement of future goals. This kind of society would be especially susceptible to ideological manipulation. It is in this spirit that nations try to care for their own historical memory, to retain their identity, to survive and to build a future. This occurs on various levels. Caring for, remembering and honouring national historical memory, or society as a whole, rests on the shoulders of a given nation. However, many initiatives, which serve the preservation of this memory, are born on a grassroot level. An interesting example of a grassroot project, capable of influencing the creation of civil society through preserving historical memory, was the â&#x20AC;?Memory Trailâ&#x20AC;? project. The project was implemented in 2009 by the Brzeszcze municipality, situated in the South of Poland, and realised with the participation of partners and thanks to European funding as part of the framework of the Europe for Citizens Programme.

COMMON HISTORY | The Role of Historical Memory in Shaping Civil Society

The project was created in order to honour the memory of the victims who lost their lives during the Second World War as well as the memory of the heroes who took part in the tragic events which occurred within the municipality. The attitude of Poles who saved the lives of tormented Jews, deserves to be in the common conscience of the local and international community. It was in the municipal and national interest to remind local residents, as well as the international community, about the dramatic events which took place during the Second World War. The help provided to the prisoners of the Jawischowitz sub-camp by many residents of the Brzeszcze municipality is a fact which should shape the identity of residents in the area today. Taking into consideration the responsibility in shaping the civil conscience and attitude of younger generations, the project initiators aimed to consolidate memories and to pass them on to a wider community. The project was a lesson in history for those living today, an insight into the drama, an attempt to find its cause, an assessment of the events and acts as well as conclusions for the future. The grassroot initiative of local residents initiated the co-operation of: •

the local government, which took on the role of the project co-ordinator responsible for gaining funds and for the implementation of the whole undertaking,

•

the local Obiektyw Association, which undertook the filming of a documented report about the sub-camp, including interviews with living persons, who were known locally for their heroic acts,

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the French Association “Fondation Memoire d’Auschwitz (AFMA) section de Jawischowitz”, which published a book titled ”Jawischowitz, annexe d’Auschwitz”, translated into Polish as part of the project. The association representatives also took part in a conference dedicated to the project, passing on a special message to the gathered youth,

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invited representatives of the Auschwitz-Birkenau Museum, who took it upon themselves to write a guide dedicated to the “Memory Trail”, the translation of the mentioned book as well as the co-operation on the film project,

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the local Culture Centre, responsible for the preparation of the conference, as well as for preparing a poetry evening for French guests and local residents with the co-operation of young volunteers. This was combined with a film presentation near the old camp baths, currently located on the grounds of the local park.

As a result of the project all schools and libraries in the area as well as some libraries working with Polish Universities received copies of the book and guide. A ”Regionalia” departament was established at the Municipal library, with available materials related to local events and culture. Local schools added elements of local history studies to their program. A questionnaire conducted online and in municipal high schools, showed that thanks to the project, historical knowledge of and social involvement in local problems grew considerably. The conscience of residents was enlightened with knowledge about individuals and families who helped prisoners and those in hiding.

COMMON HISTORY | The Role of Historical Memory in Shaping Civil Society

Those surveyed about the year in which the Jawischowitz sub-camp was established and about the intended use of the old female punitive company building or the localisation of memorial plaques on the “Memory Trail” had this knowledge thanks to the project. Aforementioned plaques were mounted next to the building of the female punitive company, at the local park, on the grounds of the old Jawischowitz sub-camp, next to the old camp baths, at the communal cemetery in Brzeszcze (the burial place of the prisoners), as well as next to the so called Villa of the mine directors, in which prisoners worked and perished. As a result of the project, a wider audience of persons interested and of those visiting the Auschwitz-Birkenau Museum were informed about the history of the Brzeszcze municipality. The project organisers brought closer a history worthy of admiration and highlighted a civil attitude of heroes who helped those in need during the war years. The memory about mentioned ancestors is an inherent element of local identity today, which can help to create the civil attitude of younger generations. Thanks to the project, diverse communities were able to work together. The involvement of local residents demonstrates a social need to learn about the past for benefits that can be seen today and in the future.

Łukasz Jończy Department for Promotion and Development Office of the Brzeszcze Municipality

EUROPE FOR CITIZENS PROGRAMME ACTION: Action 4 – Active European memory

PROJECT TITLE: Memory Trail

PERIOD OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION: 30.09.2009-02.10.2009

GRANT: 15,228 Euros

CONTACT DETAILS: Office of the Brzeszcze Municipality ul. Kościelna 4 32-620 Brzeszcze E-mail: gmina@brzeszcze.pl www.trasapamieci.brzeszcze.pl

COMMON HISTORY | Action 4 – Active European memory | Memory Trail

Memory Trail The “Memory Trail” project was implemented in order to show and to commemorate the tragic history of the prisoners of the KL Auschwitz-Birkenau sub-concentration camp and to tell the history of the residents of the Brzeszcze community who helped prisoners and undertook various war time conspirational activities. In order to achieve the project aim, the organisers decided to bring back to life the memories of living witnesses who survived the occupation years, to strengthen the process of passing on knowledge to future generations as well as to honour past history and ensure that historical sites and objects are well maintained and accessible to tourists. As part of the project, the following initiatives took place: 1. Memorial plaques were created: • near the building of the old Women’s Punitive Company sub-camp situated in the local park – at the site of the old Jawischowitz sub-camp, next to the remaining building of the camp baths • at the Brzeszcze cemetery – the burial and Death March site • next to the so called “Villa of coal mine executives”, in which the prisoners worked and perished 2. A guide book for the Brzeszcze Municipality which documents the times of German occupation (1939-1945) was published. This is a guide to selected places of memory, which describes the most important sites, people and histories. 3. A book titled “Jawischowitz, the Auschwitz sub-camp” – about the history of the Jawischowitz sub-camp, written by French authors, was translated and released as part of the project. 4. A film titled Film “The Interrupted Lesson” – a historical account in which the surviving heroes talk about the camps and helping prisoners was made. 5. A website dedicated to the project and the Memory Trail (www.trasapamieci.brzeszcze.pl) was created.

COMMON HISTORY | Action 4 – Active European memory | Memory Trail

At the site of the municipality, existed one of the largest sub-camps KL Auschwitz–Jawischowitz sub-camp, which between 1942–1945 functioned as a supply base for the stone coal mine workforce in Brzeszcze. Around 2,500 prisoners were based there. The camp was particularly infamous amongst Auschwitz prisoners. Prisoners of another sub-camp KL Auschwitz-Birkenau at the site of the Brzeszcze municipality, known as the Budy sub-camp, worked with melioration of ponds and at local farms. For a certain period in time at Budy there was a female Punitive Company which had been moved from KL Auschwitz-Birkenau. On one night at the sub-camp, a massacre was committed during which 90 female prisoners were killed (mainly Jewish women from France). The conference held on the 30th of September 2009 ended the “Memory Trail”, project realised by the Brzeszcze municipality, thanks to the funding support provided as part of Action 4 – Active European memory. The tragic history of the aforementioned sub-camp is very poorly documented. The common conscience of past history is ever weaker and is gradually fading away. Slowly forgotten are the accounts of those who helped the imprisoned due to the close proximity of KL Auschwitz. The culmination of the project was a three day visit of representatives of the Association for Auschwitz Remembrance (Association Fond Memoire d’Auschwitz) from France which in 1985 released a prototype of the book titled “Jawischowitz, the Auschwitz sub-camp”. During the visit guests took part in a poetic show, meetings with local heroes, youth, local residents, invited guests and the organising team, as part of the conference. This was a time of exchange of memories, reflections and experiences. Young people as well as conference participants had the opportunity to watch the documentary film as well as to listen to reports of the French guests. Additionally, during the conference it was possible to watch appearances of the film authors and to listen to the guidebook and book translation.

Project Strong Points The inter-generational character of the project

is undoubtedly its strong point. Thanks to the used methodology, the tragic accounts of the past became a lesson in history for younger generations. Various methods of communication, which help the access of information, were used as part of the project. However, the main focus of experience exchange was the direct contact between people.

EUROPE FOR CITIZENS PROGRAMME ACTION: Action 4 – Active European memory

PROJECT TITLE: Righteous Poles – Restoring Memory: Documentation, Presentation, Education

PERIOD OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION: 01.10.2010-31.07.2011

GRANT: 15,890 Euros

CONTACT DETAILS: Museum of the History of Polish Jews ul. Warecka 4/6 00-040 Warsaw E-mail: eopawska@jewishmuseum.org.pl www.sprawiedliwi.org.pl

COMMON HISTORY | Action 4 – Active European memory | Righteous Poles – Restoring Memory: Documentation, Presentation, Education

Righteous Poles – Restoring Memory: Documentation, Presentation, Education The project realised by the Museum of the History of Polish Jews - ”Righteous Poles – Restoring Memory: DocumenTation, Presentation, Education” seeks to gather the accounts of living heroes of the Holocaust and of documenting their heroic acts. Materials are constantly published on the Museum website. The final information is presented at the following web address: www.sprawiedliwi.org.pl. Work on the project began with three meetings, which had as their aim, the formulation of educational materials based on the following sources: audio and video recordings as well as interview transcripts from interviews with people given the “Righteous Among the Nations” title, archive photos, accounts of survivors. Educators prepared youth oriented workshops. Issues raised were related to using film in the re-telling of the history of people honoured with the ”Righteous Among the Nations” medal. The notion of accountability was the leading topic of the series of youth workshops. During the meetings, educators also discussed working with the topic of “Righteous”. They thought about the educational role of the individual histories of Poles who saved Jews and created the general concept of the workshops. As a result of the project, the following was accomplished: • 130 stories of survival (with photos and audio fragments) published on the website • 50 short documentary films telling past histories, published on the website and on YouTube • a six person team of educators and historians created 3 workshop scenarios, in English and Polish, of activities dedicated to saving Jews from persecution. • Over 1,000 packages containing information about the project, 10 rescue stories with photos and films as well as the aforementioned educational scenarios were released

COMMON HISTORY | Action 4 – Active European memory | Righteous Poles – Restoring Memory: Documentation, Presentation, Education

Project Strong Points The impressive amount of educational materials, created as a result of the project, is testimony to the passion with wchich the project organisers took on the project.

EUROPE FOR CITIZENS PROGRAMME ACTION: Action 4 – Active European Memory

PROJECT TITLE: Night and Fog

PERIOD OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION: 13.05.2011-24.06.2011

GRANT: 20,133,69 Euros

CONTACT DETAILS: Form Theatre Association ul. Hallera 15 53-319 Wrocław E-mail: teatrformy01@gmail.com www.pantomima.pl

COMMON HISTORY | Action 4 – Active European memory | Night and Fog

Night and Fog This interdisciplinary theatre project was realised in 2011 as part of the framework of Action 4 - Active European memory, and was undertaken by the Form Theatre Association with its headquarters in Wrocław. During the workshop, participants were based in Drzemlikowice, in the building of the old water mill, now the European Centre for Creativity. Invited participants included students and young creators from art schools based in seven European countries: Poland, Germany, the Czech Republic, Belgium, France, Slovakia and Austria. Fifty seven people took part in three meetings. As part of the project, an exhibition titled “I always see their faces” took place and a pantomime play titled “Lost humanity” was performed by the workshop participants. Discussions, seminars, films, lectures as well as artistic workshops (ceramic, theatrical) were conducted in order to inspire reflection about history and about the European values of freedom, democracy and respect for human dignity. At the end of each week Polish and international guests presented their works in Gross Rosen, at the adits in Walim, in Miłoszyce, at the palace in Jakubowice as well as at the Książ castle. The next conventions took place on the following dates: 10-17 April 2011 09-15 May 2011 13-19 June 2011 Individual workshops took place at the following: 13/05/2011 Książ Castle 13/05/2011 Special screening for school aged youth 15/04/2011 Jakubowice Palace 16/04/2011 Miłoszyce forest, next to the victims’ memorial 24/06/2011 Rogoźnica – Gross Rosen Museum 24/06/2011 Walim – Museum of the Walim Adits

COMMON HISTORY | Action 4 – Active European Memory | Night and Fog

The “Night and Fog” project was a clash of different ideas and visions – survivors of concentration camps, as well as those who carry on the memory of tragic events. The Oława County District, the city of Jelcz-Laskowice as well as the Mayor of the Oława Municipality were the Honorary Patrons of the project.

Project Strong Points The project realised by the Form Theatre Association was an exceptional venture. The educational methods used while working with youth, turned out to be interesting not only for workshop participants but also for art recipients. The difficult problems concerning the memory of events from the period of the Second World War were presented in a fascinating way and will continue to remain in the memories of project participants.