the individual models robustly capture the precipitation limitations on maize growth in this region. Millet: Almost all the selected models successfully simulate the optimal region of millet growth covering parts of Sudan, Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania. The model ensemble is also able to replicate this with success. The millet growth domain is well represented in the GCMs for the climatological period. Pigeon Pea: Pigeon pea is a crop that can be widely cultivated over the East African region and the model ensemble growth area reflects this very well. Almost the whole domain has optimal conditions for pigeon pea to be grown with the exception of the Ethiopian highlands. Individual models also simulate these conditions robustly, with the exception of the GISS model (which is affected by poor precipitation representation). Potato: Potato is a crop that cannot be grown optimally anywhere in East Africa, although there are areas where several conditions are satisfied and cultivation may be possible. These areas are largely in a band running through central-southern Sudan and down the eastern coastal countries in the focus region. The ensemble replicates this pattern well; successfully pinpointing rain limited areas (Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and western Ethiopia) where cultivation is not possible. Rice: The model ensemble is generally successful at simulating the main cultivation regions for rice in East Africa. However, as with other crops, the overestimation of precipitation in the models means that suitable conditions are simulated further into Kenya and Tanzania than in the observed/reanalysis data. At the individual model level, most have some ability to simulate the main cultivation regions, though only the CSIRO and MIUB models follow the observed/reanalysis domains such that southern Sudan is indicated to be an optimal rice growing region. Sorghum: The model ensemble generally manages to pick up on the limited areas suitable for the cultivation of sorghum, although this does not extend down into the coastal region of Tanzania where conditions are also found to be appropriate in the observed climatology. Most of the individual models also have success in this area. Sweet Potato: Precipitation is a primary limiting factor in the cultivation of sweet potato over the eastern part of the domain (eastern Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania). The overestimation of
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