A T R O O L E DETROIT
W E B K T
RA
DETROIT
AINWATER
Contents Introduction .................................... 07 Measures ........................................ 20 Implements .................................... 46 Farmers Almanac .......................... 88 Other resources ..............................96
6
INTRODUCTION
Detroit’s name, French for ‘strait,’ points to the critical role water has always played in shaping the city’s identity. Located on the Detroit River, which connects directly into the Great Lakes Watershed, Detroit’s water management has from the city’s inception proved critical to the quality of the water resources in the region, particularly those of Lake Erie. Today, with sewage overflow from storm water exacerbating pressures on an already fatigued infrastructural system, Detroit has looked for ways to alleviate problems of water contamination, incentivizing green infrastructure and low impact development to mitigate large-scale problems one parcel at a time. Detroit’s plan is potent but also dependent on citizen implementation for its success. That’s where this little guide comes in. You don’t need to be an engineer or scientist to help relieve the city’s storm water challenges. You just need to know some basic facts about your parcel and your options to make design choices that are right for you and great for the environment. We’ve tried to stay graphic and illustrate all the ideas with simple tools. If you’re intrigued, want to learn more, or have questions not addressed in this brief introduction to storm water management, you’ll find additional resources at the end of the booklet. Individually, these solutions might seem humble, but if we all do our part, terrific impact can be made on our city and the region’s water resources.
7
Detroit
8
MICHIGAN
Where do you live?
Where does your rain go?
“Water that is everywhere before it is somewhere; water that is in rain before it is in rivers, soaks before it flows, spreads before it gathers, blurs before it clarifies; water that is ephemeral, transient, uncertain, interstitial, chaotic, omnipresent.� Design in the Terrain of Water, Anuradha Mathur , Dilip da Cunha
9
AVERAGE Temperature | Precipitation
10
Month
Low
High
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
17.8°F 31.1°F 20.0°F 34.4°F 28.5°F 45.2°F 38.4°F 57.8°F 49.4°F 70.2°F 58.9°F 79.0°F
Preci
Month
Low
High
1.91in. 1.88in. 2.52in. 3.05in. 3.05in. 3.55in.
Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
63.6°F 83.4°F 62.2°F 81.4°F 54.1°F 73.7°F 42.5°F 61.2°F 33.5°F 47.8°F 23.4°F 35.9°F
Precip 3.16in. 3.10in. 3.27in. 2.23in. 2.66in. 2.51in.
DETROIT
Extremes
Averages
The feeling of home.
11
Hottest Month Coldest Month Wettest Month Driest Month
July January June February
83.4°F 17.8°F 3.55 inches 1.88 inches
Hottest Day Coldest Day Wettest Day
102.9 F - Jun 22, 1988 -21.4 F - Jan 21, 1984 2.8 inch - Aug 17, 1974
8.73" 8.58" 16.13" 6.50"
Stormwater Events
W Sp Su F
12
02 05 10 25
+07.36"
2014 Precipitation
W Sp Su F
7.17" 8.95" 12.78" 8.76" 02 05 10 25
- 2.21"
+0.14"
7.33" 8.34" 11.81" 5.24"
31.42"
- 01.16"
2015 Precipitation
W Sp Su F
5.83" 8.96" 10.25" 5.33" 02 05 10 25
- 01.16"
+01.43"
9.82" 6.18" 7.56" 10.45" 02 05 10 25
2012 Precipitation 33.61"
+01.03"
7.56" 6.83" 7.24" 5.50"
Stormwater Events
02 05 10 25
02 05 10 25
34.01"
W Sp Su F
7.94" 14.61" 10.77" 14.43"
31.42"
4.98" 12.44" 10.23" 5.96"
Stormwater Events
02 05 10 25
+01.03"
2008 Precipitation
W Sp Su F
2011 Precipitation
W Sp Su F
02 05 10 25
W Sp Su F
02 05 10 25
32.72"
33.61"
Stormwater Events
Stormwater Events
- 2.05"
3.95" 08.64" 11.97" 7.73"
30.37"
6.44" 10.36" 7.90" 5.83"
2004 Precipitation
02 05 10 25
2016 Precipitation 34.76" W Sp Su F
5.53" 9.37" 8.49" 11.37"
Stormwater Events
2013 Precipitation 39.94"
30.53"
Stormwater Events
02 05 10 25
02 05 10 25
- 01.16"
2007 Precipitation
W Sp Su F
2010 Precipitation
W Sp Su F
6.15" 12.09" 10.60" 5.33"
Stormwater Events
W Sp Su F
+01.93"
+06.71"
9.61" 10.54" 10.38" 8.76"
Stormwater Events
2009 Precipitation 34.51"
2006 Precipitation
W Sp Su F
02 05 10 25
W Sp Su F
02 05 10 25
39.29"
31.42"
Stormwater Events
8.94" 4.25" 8.66" 8.76"
Stormwater Events
W Sp Su F
-04.27"
2003 Precipitation
Stormwater Events
2005 Precipitation
- 2.05"
3.72" 8.26" 9.45" 9.99"
Stormwater Events
02 05 10 25
28.31"
30.53" W Sp Su F
5.82" 7.85" 7.44" 13.40"
Stormwater Events
W Sp Su F
+01.93"
Stormwater Events
34.51"
2002 Precipitation
Stormwater Events
2001 Precipitation
02 05 10 25
+02.18"
PRECIPITATION PATTERN CHANGES
How much rain are we talking about?
Left: precipitation data from 2001—2016. How have rainfall patterns changed and what should we prepare for?
Total Seasonal rainfall Winter Spring Summer Fall
13
The average annual rainfall in Detroit is 32.4” over the base period (1953 - 1999). Since 2001, the average rainfall is 34.5“, which is almost 1.3 inches more.
Driest year
14
jun
may
apr
mar
3.10”
2.56”
2.68”
3.10”
0.82”
3.03”
jun
may
apr
mar
feb
jan
5.39”
5.61”
3.61”
3.60”
1.54”
0.94”
Average Spring frost date: 10 May
Wettest year
1.31”
1.72”
2.15”
2.96”
feb
jan
2011
1.91”
3.00”
jun
may
apr
mar
feb
jan
WEATHER DYNAMICS
100˚ F
80˚ F
60˚ F
40˚ F
20˚ F
2007
Average year
2012
15
Daily Maximum Temperature
2.65”
0.72”
2.31”
2.47”
2.26”
3.67”
dec
nov
oct
sep
aug
jul
3.48”
1.78”
2.01”
1.45”
6.61”
2.10”
dec
nov
oct
sep
aug
jul
2.80”
6.00”
Average Fall frost date: 04 October
2.15”
6.28”
2.16”
7.67”
dec
nov
oct
sep
aug
jul
PRECIPITATION
Daily Minimum Temperature
A
jun
may
apr
jan
feb
mar
WEATHER DYNAMICS
95
51
rh- 55.1%
2011 90
10
125 54
3.60”
3.61”
5.61”
5.39”
55
43
87 88 39 51
E
82
C
79
B
A
Wettest year
D
Spring frost date 10 May
1.54”
93
3.03”
100
0.82”
3.10”
2.68”
5
rh- 52.4%
6
rh- 58.8%
7
rh- 47.0%
10
rh- 49.6%
2007 65 150
1
2.56”
30
C
64
jun
may 63
B
apr A
jan
feb
mar
Average year
30
91
71
Driest year
16
1.91”
2.96”
2.15”
8
rh- 46.25%
10 3.00”
rh- 53.3%
2012 73 142
1 1.72”
8
7 7.67”
80
42
11
2.16”
6.28”
63
dec
nov F
E
84 57
36
9 2.15”
6.00”
2.80”
2.01”
1.78”
3.48”
rh- 69.8%
N
nov
39
9
rh- 65.8%
7
72
2.47”
Dry Days
dec
M
5
oct H
95 59
2.26”
Wet Days
6
1.45”
G
97 59
6
6
89 52
rh- 59.6%
L
K
7
73 84 43 53
rh- 61.0%
rh- 62.8%
55
rh- 63.5%
10
88
sep
aug 62
3.67”
17
8
rh- 55.1%
F
101
rh- 57.1%
E rh- 49.6%
56
11
1.31”
63
6.61”
jul 98
90
rh- 57.8%
J
8
2.10”
D
10
rh- 53.4%
51
64
rh- 53.1%
I
11
3.10”
95
57
rh- 49.1%
H
6
5
96
rh- 52.0%
91 80 54 51
rh- 53.2%
10
rh- 49.6%
54
G
F
Fall frost date 04 October
0.94”
oct
sep D
64
rh- 72.7%
9
C
91
rh- 73.5%
59
rh- 62.5%
rh- 64.8%
88
rh- 56.6%
B
jul
aug
PRECIPITATION
2.31”
Stress Days
0.72”
2.65”
Growing degree days
WEATHER DYNAMICS INTRODUCTION
B
A
The three graphs compare an average year of temperature and rainfall for the Detroit area with a wet year (2011) and a dry year (2012). Storm events are predicted to become more irregular, but stronger.
63
64
30
30
Growing Degree Days
This is a measurement that can be useful for planning the growth and development of your plants.
10
rh- 46.25%
These are days when the temperature is high and the amount of precipitation is low. rh- 53.3%
Stress Days
8
64
84 57
F
80
42
63
dec
oct E
91
sep
aug
59
D
88
51
C
B
jul
jun
may
apr
mar
feb
jan
A
95
nov
2.15”
2.96”
36
54
3.60”
3.61”
5.61”
5.39”
0.94”
7.67”
55
2.16”
6.28”
9
rh- 72.7%
11
2.15”
6.00”
2.80”
2.01”
1.78”
3.48”
54
64
63
55
N
88
M
90
L
95
57
K
96
J
91 80 54 51
I
H
G
93
F
87 88 39 51
E
Fall frost date 04 October
43
D
82
C
B
A
79
rh- 73.5%
7
Spring frost date 10 May
1.54”
8
rh- 62.5%
125
9
rh- 56.6%
10
rh- 64.8%
rh- 55.1%
2011 90
73 84 43 53
89 52
30
30
62
97 59
5
95 59
72
dec
oct
nov
rh- 69.8%
rh- 59.6%
rh- 61.0%
6
H
G
101
6
1.45”
sep
aug
56
F
98
7
6.61”
jul 51
E
D
91
8
rh- 62.8%
8
2.10”
rh- 57.8%
11
rh- 53.1%
rh- 49.1%
rh- 52.0%
6
5
3.10”
C
64
rh- 49.6%
10
jun
may B
A
63
5
2.56”
rh- 53.2%
6
rh- 52.4%
7
2.68”
apr
feb
jan
3.10”
mar
0.82”
rh- 58.8%
10 3.03”
100
rh- 47.0%
65 150
rh- 49.6%
2007
39
71
18
3.00”
1.91”
2.96”
2.15”
1.72”
1.31”
3.67”
2.26”
9 2.47”
rh- 65.8%
7
rh- 63.5%
6
rh- 55.1%
10
rh- 57.1%
11
rh- 49.6%
10
rh- 53.4%
8
rh- 46.25%
10
rh- 53.3%
2012 73 142
2.31”
0.72”
2.65”
51
10 1.72”
E
98
56
11
rh- 49.6%
D
91
rh- 53.4%
C
PRECIPITATION SUBTITLE
1.31”
Over ten days, the highest temperature was 91˚F, while the lowest was 51˚F. The brackets indicate periods where, with the combined daily temperature and lack of rainfall, unirrigated crops cannot be supported.
19
When it rains...
Our systems are designed to hide, drain and remove the water as soon as possible. Once rainwater hits the ground and runs off, it picks up urban pollutants and is transformed into stormwater. Untreated stormwater can cause flooding, harms aquatic habitats and could also pollute the drinking water supply.
20
We can manage...
We can re-imagine our cities where we disconnect stormwater from sewer systems to treat and store rainwater where it falls. We can recharge the ground water, harvest roof water and improve the quality of all our water by integrating stormwater management techniques into our homes.
21
MAIN TITLE
CAN YOUR HOME CONTRIBUTE
22
SUBTITLE
TO DETROIT’S STORMWATER SOLUTION?
23
LOT
HOUSE
STORE
24
Unpacking your parcel
25
ROOF AREA
D
C
E
D PLOT AREA
B C A
26
F
AREA CALCULATION
Measuring your parcel
PLOT AREA = A X B ROOF AREA = C X D CONCRETE PAVING = E X F TOTAL IMPERVIOUS AREA = [ ROOF AREA (E X F) + CONCRETE PAVING (G X H)]
27
RAINFALL
ROOF AREA
F
E
E
D PLOT AREA
B C A
28
F
VOLUME CALCULATION
How much rain can you collect?
RAINFALL = XYZ INCHES ROOF AREA = C X D GARDEN PLOT AREA = E X F TOTAL RAINFALL ON ROOF = [ ROOF AREA (E X F) X RAINFALL (XYZ INCHES / 12)] Rainfall value can be a weekly,monthly or yearly value. Refer pg 90-91 29
T1 T2 VACANT LOT
Pick your Parcel
SINGLE FAMILY HOUSE
T3 COMMERCIAL
30
WHAT’S YOUR TYPE
T 1.1 Vegetated Landscape
T 1.2 Impervious patches > 25%
T 1.3 Impervious patches >75%
T 2.1 Single Family House A
T 2.2 Single Family House B
T 2.3 Single Family House C
T 3.1 Commercial Type A
T 3.2 Commercial Type B
T 3.3 Commercial Type C
Single family, regardless of shape of roof, but the area of the house.
31
IMPORTANT NOTES
1 ft = 12 inches 1 sq ft = 144 sq in 1000 sq ft = 0.023 acres 1 cu ft = 7.48052 gallon 1 Mcf = 1000 cu ft
32
T1.1
WHAT’S YOUR TYPE
30 f
t
Vegetated Landscape
how much acreage? 3000 Sq Ft
10
0f
t
Total Plot Area | 3000 Sq Ft Impervious Area | 0 Sq Ft or less than 870 Sq Ft acres Stormwater Calculations Drainage Charge = Impervious Area x $ 661 / Imp. Acre = 0.00 x 750 = $0.0 Monthly
$ 0 Yearly
Using green stormwater infrastructure to reduce 20 percent of storm water runoff from major roads in the City of Detroit can reduce treatment costs by approximately $2 million annually. Property owners could reduce drainage costs by up to 80%. Note : Parcels with less than 0.02 acres (871 sqft) of impervious area are exempt from drainage charges. Please refer [http://arcg.is/29KWCpY] to confirm city assessed impervious cover. 33
T1.2
Impervious patches = 30%
30 f
t
Alter the numbers
871 Sq Ft
10
0f
t
Total Plot Area | 3000 Sq Ft Impervious Area | 870 Sq Ft Stormwater Calculations Drainage Charge = Impervious Area x $ 750 / Imp. Acre = 0.02 x 750 = $15 Monthly
$ 180 Yearly
Max 80% Credits | 40% Annual Volume of Flow | 40% Peak Flow rate $ 36 Yearly
If able to attain Max Credits up to 80% Drainage Charge
Note : Parcels with less than 0.02 acres (871 sqft) of impervious area are exempt from drainage charges. Please refer [http://arcg.is/29KWCpY] to confirm city assessed impervious cover. 34
T1.3
WHAT’S YOUR TYPE
30 f
t
Impervious patches > 75%
3000 Sq Ft
10
0f
t
Total Plot Area | 3000 Sq Ft Impervious Area | 3000 Sq Ft Stormwater Calculations Drainage Charge = Impervious Area x $ 750 / Imp. Acre = 0.068 x 750 = $51 Monthly
$ 612 Yearly
Max 80% Credits | 40% Annual Volume of Flow | 40% Peak Flow rate $ 122 Yearly
If able to attain Max Credits up to 80% Drainage Charge
Note : Parcels with less than 0.02 acres (871 sqft) of impervious area are exempt from drainage charges. Please refer [http://arcg.is/29KWCpY] to confirm city assessed impervious cover. 35
T2.1
30 f
t
Single family house A
845 Sq Ft
115 Sq Ft
10
0f
t
Total Roof Area | 960 Sq Ft
Stormwater Calculations Drainage Charge = Impervious Area x $ 750 / Imp. Acre = 0.02 x 750 = $15 Monthly
$ 180 Yearly
Max 80% Credits | 40% Annual Volume of Flow | 40% Peak Flow rate $ 36 Yearly
If able to attain Max Credits up to 80% Drainage Charge
Note : Parcels with less than 0.02 acres (871 sqft) of impervious area are exempt from drainage charges. Please refer [http://arcg.is/29KWCpY] to confirm city assessed impervious cover. 36
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Growing months Rain Water Collection Statistics All calculations done at 75% Water Collection Efficiency for the 30 weeks of the growing season.
May
April
Impervious Area | 960 Sq Ft
June
Total Plot Area | 3000 Sq Ft
Rain Water Collection Statistics
To purchase the water from DWSD, the cost would be: Water Collected $ 25.5 Annual Svc Fee $ 79.32 Yearly $104.85 Weight
Farming Area
8387 Pounds Storage should be designed for the maximum weekly collection capacity as an appropiate residential size.
Area on which farming possible only with rain water for 30 weeks 300 Sq feet 37
August
| 0 Gallons / wk | 1005 Gallons / wk | 280 Gallons | 8389 Gallons
September
Min Collection Max Collection Ave Collection Total Collection
October
All calculations done at 75% Water Collection Efficiency, as a reasonable efficiency rate for collecting water.
July
2015 Weekly Rainfall
1400
1200
800
1000
600
400
2015
200
Data value derived from http://www.noaa.gov/
Gal
Wk 1
153
Wk 2
377
Wk 3
215
Wk 4
0
Wk 5
503
Wk 6
292
Wk 7
85
Wk 8
36
Wk 9
943
Wk 10
229
Wk 11
781
Wk 12
319
Wk 13
866
Wk 14
121
Wk 15
319
Wk 16
144
Wk 17
54
Wk 18
566
Wk 19
215
Wk 20
40
Wk 21
1005
Wk 22
4
Wk 23
530
Wk 24
117
Wk 25
144
Wk 26
206
Wk 27
81
Wk 28
18
Wk 29
0
Wk 30
27
T2.2
30 f
t
Single family house B
1320 Sq Ft
10
0f
t
Total Roof Area | 1320 Sq Ft
Stormwater Calculations Drainage Charge = Impervious Area x $ 750 / Imp. Acre = 0.03 x 750 = $22.5 Monthly
$ 270 Yearly
Max 80% Credits | 40% Annual Volume of Flow | 40% Peak Flow rate $ 54 Yearly
If able to attain Max Credits up to 80% Drainage Charge
Note : Parcels with less than 0.02 acres (871 sqft) of impervious area are exempt from drainage charges. Please refer [http://arcg.is/29KWCpY] to confirm city assessed impervious cover. 38
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Rain Water Collection Statistics All calculations done at 75% Water Collection Efficiency for the 30 weeks of the growing season.
May
April
Impervious Area | 1320 Sq Ft
June
Total Plot Area | 3000 Sq Ft
Rain Water Collection Statistics
To purchase the water from DWSD, the cost would be: Water Collected $ 35.1 Annual Svc Fee $ 79.32 Yearly $114.41 Weight
Farming Area
11533 Pounds Storage should be designed for the maximum weekly collection capacity as an appropiate residential size.
Area on which farming possible only with rain water for 30 weeks 412 Sq feet 39
August
| 0 Gallons / wk | 1382 Gallons / wk | 384 Gallons | 11534 Gallons
September
Min Collection Max Collection Ave Collection Total Collection
October
All calculations done at 75% Water Collection Efficiency, as a reasonable efficiency rate for collecting water.
July
2015 Weekly Rainfall
1400
1200
800
1000
600
400
2015
200
Data value derived from http://www.noaa.gov/
Gal
Wk 1
210
Wk 2
518
Wk 3
296
Wk 4
0
Wk 5
691
Wk 6
401
Wk 7
117
Wk 8
49
Wk 9
1296
Wk 10
315
Wk 11
1074
Wk 12
438
Wk 13
1191
Wk 14
167
Wk 15
438
Wk 16
197
Wk 17
74
Wk 18
778
Wk 19
296
Wk 20
56
Wk 21
1382
Wk 22
6
Wk 23
728
Wk 24
160
Wk 25
197
Wk 26
284
Wk 27
111
Wk 28
25
Wk 29
0
Wk 30
37
T2.3
30 f
t
30 f
t
Single family house C
860 Sq Ft
120 Sq Ft 10
0f
t
Total Roof Area | 980 Sq Ft
Stormwater Calculations Drainage Charge = Impervious Area x $ 750 / Imp. Acre = 0.07 x 750 = $52.5 Monthly
$ 630 Yearly
Max 80% Credits | 40% Annual Volume of Flow | 40% Peak Flow rate $ 126 Yearly
If able to attain Max Credits up to 80% Drainage Charge
Note : Parcels with less than 0.02 acres (871 sqft) of impervious area are exempt from drainage charges. Please refer [http://arcg.is/29KWCpY] to confirm city assessed impervious cover. 40
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Rain Water Collection Statistics All calculations done at 75% Water Collection Efficiency for the 30 weeks of the growing season.
May
April
Impervious Area | 2938 Sq Ft
June
Total Plot Area | 6000 Sq Ft
Rain Water Collection Statistics
To purchase the water from DWSD, the cost would be: Water Collected $ 26.1 Annual Svc Fee $ 79.32 Yearly $105.38 Weight
Farming Area
8562 Pounds Storage should be designed for the maximum weekly collection capacity as an appropiate residential size.
Area on which farming possible only with rain water for 30 weeks 306 Sq feet 41
August
| 0 Gallons / wk | 1026 Gallons / wk | 285 Gallons | 8563 Gallons
September
Min Collection Max Collection Ave Collection Total Collection
October
All calculations done at 75% Water Collection Efficiency, as a reasonable efficiency rate for collecting water.
July
2015 Weekly Rainfall
1400
1200
800
1000
600
400
2015
200
Data value derived from http://www.noaa.gov/
Gal
Wk 1
156
Wk 2
385
Wk 3
220
Wk 4
0
Wk 5
513
Wk 6
298
Wk 7
87
Wk 8
37
Wk 9
962
Wk 10
234
Wk 11
797
Wk 12
325
Wk 13
884
Wk 14
124
Wk 15
325
Wk 16
147
Wk 17
55
Wk 18
577
Wk 19
220
Wk 20
41
Wk 21
1026
Wk 22
5
Wk 23
541
Wk 24
119
Wk 25
147
Wk 26
211
Wk 27
82
Wk 28
18
Wk 29
0
Wk 30
27
T3.1
t
Commercial type A
30 f
5400 Sq Ft
10
0f
t
Total Roof Area | 3000 Sq Ft
Stormwater Calculations Drainage Charge = Impervious Area x $ 750 / Imp. Acre = 0.07 x 750 = $52.5 Monthly
$ 630 Yearly
Max 80% Credits | 40% Annual Volume of Flow | 40% Peak Flow rate $ 126 Yearly
If able to attain Max Credits up to 80% Drainage Charge
Note : Parcels with less than 0.02 acres (871 sqft) of impervious area are exempt from drainage charges. Please refer [http://arcg.is/29KWCpY] to confirm city assessed impervious cover. 42
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES SUBTITLE
Rain Water Collection Statistics All calculations done at 75% Water Collection Efficiency for the 30 weeks of the growing season.
May
April
Impervious Area | 3000 Sq Ft
June
Total Plot Area | 3000 Sq Ft
Rain Water Collection Statistics
To purchase the water from DWSD, the cost would be: Water Collected $ 83.16 Annual Svc Fee $ 79.32 Weight
Farming Area
26235 Pounds Storage should be designed for the maximum weekly collection capacity as an appropiate residential size.
Area on which farming possible only with rain water for 30 weeks 900 Sq feet 43
August
| 0 Gallons / wk | 3142 Gallons / wk | 874 Gallons | 26215 Gallons
September
Min Collection Max Collection Ave Collection Total Collection
October
All calculations done at 75% Water Collection Efficiency, as a reasonable efficiency rate for collecting water.
July
2015 Weekly Rainfall
3500
3000
2000
2500
1500
1000
2015
500
Data value derived from http://www.noaa.gov/
Gal
Wk 1
477
Wk 2
1178
Wk 3
673
Wk 4
0
Wk 5
1571
Wk 6
912
Wk 7
266
Wk 8
112
Wk 9
2945
Wk 10
715
Wk 11
2441
Wk 12
996
Wk 13
2707
Wk 14
379
Wk 15
996
Wk 16
449
Wk 17
168
Wk 18
1767
Wk 19
673
Wk 20
126
Wk 21
3142
Wk 22
14
Wk 23
1655
Wk 24
365
Wk 25
449
Wk 26
645
Wk 27
252
Wk 28
56
Wk 29
0
Wk 30
84
T3.2
Commercial type B
30 f
t
30 f
t
5400 Sq Ft
10
0f
t
Total Roof Area | 5400 Sq Ft
Stormwater Calculations Drainage Charge = Impervious Area x $ 750 / Imp. Acre = 0.1 x 750 = $75 Monthly
$ 900 Yearly
Max 80% Credits | 40% Annual Volume of Flow | 40% Peak Flow rate $ 180 Yearly
If able to attain Max Credits up to 80% Drainage Charge
Note : Parcels with less than 0.02 acres (871 sqft) of impervious area are exempt from drainage charges. Please refer [http://arcg.is/29KWCpY] to confirm city assessed impervious cover. 44
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES SUBTITLE
Rain Water Collection Statistics All calculations done at 75% Water Collection Efficiency for the 30 weeks of the growing season.
May
April
Impervious Area | 5400 Sq Ft
June
Total Plot Area | 6000 Sq Ft
Rain Water Collection Statistics
To purchase the water from DWSD, the cost would be: Water Collected $ 149.68 Annual Svc Fee $ 79.32 Weight
Farming Area
47215 Pounds Storage should be designed for the maximum weekly collection capacity as an appropiate residential size.
Area on which farming possible only with rain water for 30 weeks 1620 Sq feet 45
August
| 0 Gallons / wk | 5655 Gallons / wk | 1573 Gallons | 47186 Gallons
September
Min Collection Max Collection Ave Collection Total Collection
October
All calculations done at 75% Water Collection Efficiency, as a reasonable efficiency rate for collecting water.
July
2015 Weekly Rainfall
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
2015
1000
Data value derived from http://www.noaa.gov/
Gal
Wk 1
858
Wk 2
2121
Wk 3
1212
Wk 4
0
Wk 5
2828
Wk 6
1641
Wk 7
480
Wk 8
202
Wk 9
5302
Wk 10
1288
Wk 11
4393
Wk 12
1793
Wk 13
4873
Wk 14
682
Wk 15
1793
Wk 16
808
Wk 17
303
Wk 18
3181
Wk 19
1212
Wk 20
227
Wk 21
5655
Wk 22
25
Wk 23
2979
Wk 24
656
Wk 25
808
Wk 26
1161
Wk 27
454
Wk 28
101
Wk 29
0
Wk 30
151
T3.3
30 f
t
Commercial type C
5400 Sq Ft
30 f
t
5400 Sq Ft
10
0f
t
Total Roof Area | 3000 Sq Ft
Stormwater Calculations Drainage Charge = Impervious Area x $ 750 / Imp. Acre = 0.14 x 750 = $105 Monthly
$ 1260 Yearly
Max 80% Credits | 40% Annual Volume of Flow | 40% Peak Flow rate $ 252 Yearly
If able to attain Max Credits up to 80% Drainage Charge
Note : Parcels with less than 0.02 acres (871 sqft) of impervious area are exempt from drainage charges. Please refer [http://arcg.is/29KWCpY] to confirm city assessed impervious cover. 46
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES SUBTITLE
Rain Water Collection Statistics All calculations done at 75% Water Collection Efficiency for the 30 weeks of the growing season.
May
April
Impervious Area | 6000 Sq Ft
June
Total Plot Area | 6000 Sq Ft
Rain Water Collection Statistics
To purchase the water from DWSD, the cost would be: Water Collected $ 83.16 Annual Svc Fee $ 79.32 Yearly $162.48 Weight
Farming Area
26235 Pounds Storage should be designed for the maximum weekly collection capacity as an appropiate residential size.
Area on which farming possible only with rain water for 30 weeks 900 Sq feet 47
August
| 0 Gallons / wk | 3142 Gallons / wk | 874 Gallons | 26215 Gallons
September
Min Collection Max Collection Ave Collection Total Collection
October
All calculations done at 75% Water Collection Efficiency, as a reasonable efficiency rate for collecting water.
July
2015 Weekly Rainfall
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
2015
1000
Data value derived from http://www.noaa.gov/
Gal
Wk 1
858
Wk 2
2121
Wk 3
1212
Wk 4
0
Wk 5
2828
Wk 6
1641
Wk 7
480
Wk 8
202
Wk 9
5302
Wk 10
1288
Wk 11
4393
Wk 12
1793
Wk 13
4873
Wk 14
682
Wk 15
1793
Wk 16
808
Wk 17
303
Wk 18
3181
Wk 19
1212
Wk 20
227
Wk 21
5655
Wk 22
25
Wk 23
2979
Wk 24
656
Wk 25
808
Wk 26
1161
Wk 27
454
Wk 28
101
Wk 29
0
Wk 30
151
MAIN TITLE
LET’S RE-IMAGINE DETROIT’S
48
SUBTITLE
RELATIONSHIP TO RAINWATER
49
FC
FLOW CONTROL
Stormwater flow controls are passive, non-mechanical devices used to control stormwater flows entering or exiting stormwater treatment or detention systems to a designed rate.
DT
DETENTION
A stormwater management practice that temporarily stores water before discharging into a surface-water body. Primarily used to reduce flood peaks.
RT
RETENTION
A stormwater management practice that captures stormwater runoff and does not discharge directly to a surface water body. The water is “discharged� by infiltration, transpiration and evaporation.
50
FL
FILTRATION
Stormwater filters capture, temporarily store, and treat stormwater runoff by passing it through either an engineered or natural filter media and then returning it back to the storm drainage system.
IF
INFILTRATION
Stormwater infiltration is the process by which rainfall and stormwater runoff flows into and through the subsurface soil.
TR
TREATMENT
Stormwater treatment is the process of removing undesirable chemicals, biological contaminants, suspended solids and gases from water.
References - Low Impact development : a design manual for urban areas (UACDC) - Low Impact Development Manual for Michigan - Sustainable Sanitation and Water Management - Minnesota Urban Small Sites BMP Manual 51
52
Maximizing Credits
53
FC RT
DT
FLOW CONTROL
DETENTION
FC 1 Flow Control Devices
RETENTION
FL 2 Surface Sand Filter
RT 1 Wet Vault
RT 2 Rainwater Harvesting
TR
FL 4 Vegetated Wall
FL 3 Vegetated Roof
TREATMENT
IF 3 Rain Garden 54
TR 1 Bioswale
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT TYPOLOGIES
DT 1 Dry Swale
FL DT 2 Underground Detention
DT 3 Detention Pond
FILTRATION
IF RT 3 Retention Pond
FL 1 Filter Strip
INFILTRATION IF 1 Pervious Paving
TR 2 Constructed Wetland 55
IF 2 Infiltration Trench
FC1
Flow Control Devices
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
T1 T2
Flow control devices are used to control stormwater flows entering or exiting stormwater treatment or detention systems to a designed rate. They reduce peak discharges, disperse concentrated stormwater flows. These devices are placed in areas where there is a large collection of stormwater. Flow control devices slow down the concentrated runoff and pipe discharge, BUILDINGsurface TYPOLOGIES thus preventing overflow, and erosion.
Function
T 1.1
Vegetated Landscape Used to reduce the flow of water
T 1.2 Impervious patches < 25%
T 1.3 Impervious patches > 75%
Cost
Relatively lower cost. Requires land grading for efficiency. BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Maintenance Careful design and construction required to function properly. Trash and TT 1.22.1 T T1.32.2 T 2.3 removal needed. Impervious patches < 25% Impervious patches > 75% Single Family House A Single Family House B Single Family House C
T 1.1 sediment Vegetated Landscape
T3
Sites Applicable
TT1.2 2.1 Impervious patches Single Family House<A25%
56
TT1.3 2.2 T 3.1 Impervious patches Single Family House Commercial Type >AB75%
TT 2.3 3.2 Single Family House Commercial Type BC
T 3.3 Commercial Type C
Stones reduce the speed of flow
Temporarily hold water
IMPLEMENTS
Various types of flow control devices include flow splitter, level spreader, mounds, checkdams, and splash blocks. The main aim is to slow down the water. They are generally located downstream where there is maximum concentration of water.
References - Low Impact Development Manual for Michigan - Sustainable Sanitation and Water Management - Minnesota Urban Small Sites BMP Manual Sources - Low Impact Development : a design manual for urban areas University of Arkansas Community Design Center (UACDC) , 2010
DT1
Dry Swale
A dry swale is a shallow, gently sloping channel with broad, vegetated, side slopes. Water flow is slowed by a series of check dams. It filters , attenuates, and detains stormwater runoff as it moves downstream. Dry swale, when combined with check dams and underdrains,detain stormwater, and increase infiltration. It is a cost effective way to convey water between buildings,landuses along BUILDING and TYPOLOGIES roadsides.
Function Detain stormwater runoff as it moves downstream. Good for detention / filtration and infiltration
T1 T2 T1 Cost
Low cost.
BUILDING BUILDING TYPOLOGIES TYPOLOGIES
Maintenance Regular inspection required to check erosion and removal of sediments and T 1.1 T 1.2 T 1.3 debris. Vegetated Landscape Impervious patches < 25% Impervious patches > 75%
Sites Applicable
2.1 TT1.11.1 Single Family House A Vegetated Vegetated Landscape Landscape
58
2.2 TT1.2 1.2 Single Family House<<B25% Impervious Impervious patches patches 25%
2.3 TT1.3 1.3 Single Family House>>C75% Impervious Impervious patches patches 75%
Small check dams
Pervious soil
IMPLEMENTS
10 years
to drainage pipes
Swales can be designed for 100 year storm water events, though the norm is up to 10 year. The water quality is optimized when the channel profile is two to eight foot maximum in bottom width, holding a four inch water volume depth. Dry swales can improve site aesthetics and provide wildlife habitat, depending on the type of grasses planted. References - Low Impact Manual for Michigan - Sustainable Sanitation and Water Management - Minnesota Urban Small Sites BMP Manual Sources - Low Impact Development : a design manual for urban areas University of Arkansas Community Design Center (UACDC) , 2010
DT2
Underground Detention
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Underground detention systems are an underground structure designed to manage excess stormwater runoff on a developed site, often in an urban setting. These storage systems store and slowly release runoff water, thus reducing the load on the main system. Some systems can infiltrate stormwater if the soil beneath is permeable. This system is employed in places where available surface area for ongrade storage is limited.
Function
T 1.1 To detain Vegetated Landscape
system.
T 1.2
T 1.3
Stormwater underground prior topatches its entrance into a conveyance Impervious patches < 25% Impervious > 75%
Cost Higher costs.
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Maintenance Inspection and sedimentation clean out.
T 2.1 Single Family House A
T 2.2 Single Family House B
T 2.3 Single Family House C
T 1.3 3.2 Impervious Commercialpatches Type B > 75%
T 3.3 Commercial Type C
Sites Applicable
T 1.2 3.1 Impervious Commercialpatches Type A< 25%
60
Impervious cover
Detention Cell
Pervious soil
IMPLEMENTS
to drainage pipes
Underground storage discharges water slowly and reduces the peak flow. Improved water quality is achieved by sedimentation, or the settling of suspended solids. Generally they are placed after filtration facilities to prevent excessive sedimentation.
61
References - Low Impact Development Manual for Michigan - Sustainable Sanitation and Water Management - Minnesota Urban Small Sites BMP Manual Sources - Low Impact Development : a design manual for urban areas University of Arkansas Community Design Center (UACDC) , 2010
2
3
DT3
Detention Pond
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
A detention pond is a low lying area that is designed to temporarily hold a set amount of water while slowly draining to another location. . Detention ponds are designed to completely evacuate water from storm events, usually within 24 hours. BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Function
T 1.1 VegetatedDetention Landscape
T 1.2
Impervious patches < 25% of water
T 1.3 Impervious patches > 75%
Cost Costs per acre are reduced when implemented at larger scales.
Maintenance Regular trash and sediment removal is required.
T 1.2 T 2.1 Impervious patches < 25% Single Family House A
T 1.3 T 2.2 Impervious patches > 75% Single Family House B
T 2.3 Single Family House C
T 2.3 T 3.2 Single Family House Commercial TypeCB
T 3.3 Commercial Type C
Sites Applicable
T 2.2 T 3.1 Single Family House Commercial TypeBA
62
Inlet Pipe
Detention Area
Metered Discharge outlet
IMPLEMENTS
They primarily provide runoff volume control reducing peak flows that cause downstream scouring and loss of aquatic habitat. Detention ponds do not provide infiltration, unless designed for specific soil types, and therefore best used within a network that provides biological treatment.
63
References - Low Impact Development Manual for Michigan - Sustainable Sanitation and Water Management - Minnesota Urban Small Sites BMP Manual Sources - Low Impact Development : a design manual for urban areas University of Arkansas Community Design Center (UACDC) , 2010
RT1
Wet Vault
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Wet Vaults are subterranean structures for stormwater runoff retention where a permanent pool is maintained. Wet vaults contribute to stormwater flow attenuation, as well as minor treatment. As a result of permanent water retention, wet vaults are able to remove more sediment than other subterranean storage devices, which drain completely.
Function
T 1.1 Vegetated Landscape Used
T 1.2
Impervious patches < 25% for retaining water.
T 1.3 Impervious patches > 75%
Cost High initial cost.
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Maintenance Requires special equipment for trash and sediment removal.
T 2.1 Single Family House A
T 2.2 Single Family House B
T 2.3 Single Family House C
T 1.3 3.2 Impervious Commercialpatches Type B > 75%
T 3.3 Commercial Type C
Sites Applicable
T 1.2 3.1 Impervious Commercialpatches Type A< 25%
64
Impervious Surface
Inlet Drain
Retention Vault
IMPLEMENTS
Wet vaults are used where there is minimum surface area for to implement biological methods. It provides runoff volume control, peak discharge reduction, sedimentation control and harvesting potential. Generally located upstream of overflow basins and downstream from filtration facilities.
65
References - Low Impact Development Manual for Michigan - Sustainable Sanitation and Water Management - Minnesota Urban Small Sites BMP Manual Sources - Low Impact Development : a design manual for urban areas University of Arkansas Community Design Center (UACDC) , 2010
RT2
Rainwater Harvesting
Rainwater harvesting involves collection, storage, and reuse of runoff from roofs. It reduces runoff volume and peak flows. Filtration and purification equipments should be installed if the water is reused for drinking purposes. Storage capacity can be designed as per the usage and as per the rainfall pattern. These units can also be interconnected. BUILDING BUILDING BUILDING TYPOLOGIES TYPOLOGIES TYPOLOGIES
Function Retention of water and reuse
T1 T1 T2 T2 Cost
Relatively lower cost.
Maintenance Seasonal cleaning and inspection required. Connections need to be carefully TT1.1T1.11.1 TT1.2 T1.21.2 TT1.3 T1.31.3 cleaned. Vegetated Vegetated Vegetated Landscape Landscape Landscape Impervious Impervious Impervious patches patches patches < <25% <25% 25% Impervious Impervious Impervious patches patches patches > >75% >75% 75%
Sites Applicable
TT2.1 T2.12.1 Single Single Single Family Family Family House House House AAA
66
TT2.2 T2.2 2.2 Single Single Single Family Family Family House House House BBB
TT2.3 T2.3 2.3 Single Single Single Family Family Family House House House CCC
Cistern
Gutter
IMPLEMENTS
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
T 1.1 T 1.1 Vegetated Landscape Vegetated Landscape
T 1.2 T 1.2 Impervious patches < 25% Impervious patches < 25%
T 1.3 T 1.3 Impervious patches > 75% Impervious patches > 75%
T 2.1 T 2.1 Single Family House Single Family House AA
T 2.2 T 2.2 Single Family House Single Family House BB
T 2.3 T 2.3 50 gallons and Single Family House Single Family House CC
T 3.2 T 3.2 Commercial Type Commercial Type BB
References - Low Impact Development Manual for Michigan - Sustainable Sanitation and Water Management T 3.3 T 3.3 - Minnesota Urban Small Sites BMP Manual Commercial Type C Impact Development : a design manual for Commercial Type Sources -CLow urban areas University of Arkansas Community Design Center (UACDC) , 2010
T 3.1 T 3.1 Commercial Type Commercial Type AA
67
Rain Barrels are available in sizes of can be attached to each downspouts. Bigger cisterns/tanks can also be used to store rain water. These tanks can be placed above and below the ground. Storage devices can be reused and are modular in nature.
2
3
RT3
Retention Pond
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Retention ponds, a type of wet pond, are constructed stormwater ponds that retain a large quantity of water and have biological treatment that also treats the water. These ponds remove large amount of pollutants through sedimentation and natural processes. They are generally applied at bigger sites. Unlike detention ponds, another type of BUILDING wet pond, these are more permanent. TYPOLOGIES
Function
T 1.1 VegetatedRetention Landscape
T 1.2
T 1.3
Impervious patches < 25% Impervious patches > 75% and treatment of stormwater
Cost Relatively lower cost. Requires land grading.
Maintenance Careful design and construction required to function properly. Trash and T 2.3 of water required. Single Family House C
TT 1.22.1 TT 1.32.2 sediment removal needed. Aeration Impervious patches < 25% Impervious patches > 75% Single Family House A Single Family House B
Sites Applicable
TT 2.23.1 Single Family House B Commercial Type A
68
TT 2.33.2 Single Family House Commercial Type BC
T 3.3 Commercial Type C
Overflow spout
Emergent Plants
IMPLEMENTS
100 years 50 years 25 years
to drainage pipes
Retention ponds are best constructed in areas with low precipitation or where the soil is highly permeable. They are located downstream of catchment and runoff. Usually constructed at the lowest point of the site. Can be designed to store water for 100 year storm water events or more.
69
References - Low Impact Manual for Michigan - Sustainable Sanitation and Water Management - Minnesota Urban Small Sites BMP Manual Sources - Low Impact Development : a design manual for urban areas University of Arkansas Community Design Center (UACDC) , 2010
FL1
Filter Strip
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
T1 T2
Filtration strip helps in filtration of water. It is a sloped surface that reduces the stormwater runoff flow thus increase the surface area in contact water and also the time that water stays in contact with ground. Filter strips use vegetation to reduce the speed of runoff, allowing suspended sediments and debris loads to drop out of the runoff flow. BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Function
T 1.1
T 1.2
Vegetated Impervious patches Filter water before it Landscape enters the stormwater pipes.< 25%
T 1.3 Impervious patches > 75%
Cost
Relatively lower cost. Requires land grading for efficiency. BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Maintenance Trash and sediment removal needed. Strip needs to be mowed frequency.
T 1.1 Vegetated Landscape
T3
TT 1.22.1 Single Family House A Impervious patches < 25%
TT 1.32.2 Single Family House B Impervious patches > 75%
T 2.3 Single Family House C
T 1.3 T 2.23.1 Impervious patches Commercial Type >A Single Family House B75%
TT 2.33.2 Commercial Type BC Single Family House
T 3.3 Commercial Type C
Sites Applicable
T 1.2 2.1 Impervious patches Single Family House<A25%
70
Drainage Area
Permeable Soils
IMPLEMENTS
Filter strips are typically located parallel to an impervious surface such as parking lot, driveway or roadway. Generally these must be placed in areas where there is ample amount of sunshine so that they can dry out between rain events. It is important to minimize foot traffic or any disruption to the vegetation.
71
References - Low Impact Manual for Michigan - Sustainable Sanitation and Water Management - Minnesota Urban Small Sites BMP Manual Sources - Low Impact Development : a design manual for urban areas University of Arkansas Community Design Center (UACDC) , 2010
FL2
Surface Sand Filter
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
T1 T2
Surface sand filter, also known as a filtration basin, utilizes sand surface as a filter that manages nutrient loads in the first runoff load. Generally used for smaller watershed runoff areas. It traps nitrates, phosphates, hydrocarbons, metals and various sediments. It also reduces the velocity of the runoff as water BUILDING flows through the filter. TYPOLOGIES
Function
T 1.1
T 1.2
Vegetated Impervious water patches < 25% Filters the first flushLandscape of runoff. Also detains
T 1.3 Impervious patches > 75%
Cost
Average cost.
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Maintenance Trash, pollutants and sediment removal needed regularly.
T 1.1 Vegetated Landscape
T3
TT 1.22.1 Single Family House A Impervious patches < 25%
TT 1.32.2 Single Family House B Impervious patches > 75%
T 2.3 Single Family House C
T 1.3 T 2.23.1 Impervious patches Commercial Type >A Single Family House B75%
TT 2.33.2 Commercial Type BC Single Family House
T 3.3 Commercial Type C
Sites Applicable
T 1.2 2.1 Impervious patches Single Family House<A25%
72
FL3
IMPLEMENTS
Vegetated Roof
BUILDINGTYPOLOGIES TYPOLOGIES BUILDING TYPOLOGIES BUILDING
T1 T2
A green roof or living roof is a roof of a building that is partially or completely covered with vegetation and a growing medium, planted over a waterproofing membrane. Vegetated roofs collect rainwater at its source, slow its release, and reduce its volume through evapotranspiration from plants. Vegetated roofs also regulate building temperature through additional thermal insulation, reducing heating and cooling loads.
Function
T1.11.1 TT1.1
T1.2 1.2 TT1.2
Vegetated Landscape Impervious patches <25% 25% Vegetated Landscape Impervious patches Vegetated Landscape patches <<25% Filters , treats and detains water atImpervious the source.
T1.3 1.3 TT1.3 Impervious patches >75% 75% Impervious patches Impervious patches >>75%
Cost
Average cost. Waterproofing cost are higher.
Maintenance Regular inspection of the roof membrane, as well as routine vegetation T2.1 2.1 T2.2 2.2 T2.3 2.3 2.1 TT2.2 TT2.3 inspection isTTSingle required. SingleFamily FamilyHouse HouseAA SingleFamily FamilyHouse HouseBB SingleFamily FamilyHouse HouseCC Single Single
T3
Single Family House A
Single Family House B
Single Family House C
T3.1 3.1 TT3.1 Commercial Type Commercial Type Commercial Type AAA
T3.2 3.2 TT3.2 Commercial Type Commercial Type Commercial Type BBB
T3.3 3.3 TT3.3 Commercial Type Commercial Type Commercial Type CCC
Sites Applicable
73
FL4
Vegetated Wall
A vegetated wall, also known as a living or green wall or vertical garden, is an extension of the building envelope covered with vegetation. Vegetated walls harvest water to reduce stormwater runoff loads. Roof water travels through the vegetated wall thus reducing the speed and increasing filtration. Vegetated walls also regulate building temperature through additional thermal insulation, reducing heating and BUILDING BUILDING BUILDING TYPOLOGIES TYPOLOGIES TYPOLOGIES cooling loads.
Function Filter water before it enters the stormwater pipes.
T1 T1 T2 T2 Cost
Cheaper to expensive techniques.
Maintenance Occasional watering and trimming is required depending on species. TT1.1T1.11.1 Vegetated Vegetated Vegetated Landscape Landscape Landscape
TT1.2 T1.21.2 Impervious Impervious Impervious patches patches patches < <25% <25% 25%
TT1.3 T1.31.3 Impervious Impervious Impervious patches patches patches > >75% >75% 75%
TT2.1 T2.12.1 Single Single Single Family Family Family House House House AAA
TT2.2 T2.2 2.2 Single Single Single Family Family Family House House House BBB
TT2.3 T2.3 2.3 Single Single Single Family Family Family House House House CCC
Sites Applicable
74
Irrigation
Planter Box Module
IMPLEMENTS
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
T 1.1 T 1.1 Vegetated Landscape Vegetated Landscape
T 1.2 T 1.2 Impervious patches < 25% Impervious patches < 25%
T 1.3 T 1.3 Impervious patches > 75% Impervious patches > 75%
T 2.1 T 2.1 Single Family House Single Family House AA
T 2.2 T 2.2 Single Family House Single Family House BB
T 2.3 T 2.3 ofFamily network. They Single Family House Single House CC
T 3.2 T 3.2 Commercial Type Commercial Type BB
References - Low Impact Development Manual for Michigan - Sustainable Sanitation and Water Management T 3.3 T 3.3 - Minnesota Urban Small Sites BMP Manual Commercial Type C Impact Development : a design manual for Commercial Type Sources -CLow urban areas University of Arkansas Community Design Center (UACDC) , 2010
T 3.1 T 3.1 Commercial Type Commercial Type AA
75
Vegetated walls are located at the beginning are directly attached to the roof runoff. Their application ranges from small residential applications to larger commercial structures. Solar orientation for plants types and structural loads must be considered for better efficiency.
IF1
Pervious Paving
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Pervious pavement or permeable paving is designed to allow percolation or infiltration of stormwater through the surface into the soil below where the water is naturally filtered and pollutants are removed. They allow water to vertically flow through hard surfaces. A pervious paving system includes a subsurface base made of course aggregate for stormwater storage. It acts to reduce and distribute stormwater volume, encouraging groundwater infiltration.
T1 T2
Function
T 1.1
Vegetated Landscape Infiltrates water.
T 1.2 Impervious patches < 25%
T 1.3 Impervious patches > 75%
Cost
Cost varies as per area. Generally lower costs.
BUILDING BUILDING TYPOLOGIES TYPOLOGIES
Maintenance Vacuum-based sediment removal from paving is required periodically. Turf T 2.2 2.3 paver systemsT 2.1 need to be mowed and irrigated to maintain Tvegetation.
T3
Single Family House A
Single Family House B
TT1.2 1.23.1 T Impervious patches Impervious patches 25% Commercial Type<<A25%
TT1.3 1.33.2 T Impervious patches Impervious patches 75% Commercial Type>> B75%
Single Family House C
Sites Applicable
TT1.11.1 Vegetated VegetatedLandscape Landscape
76
T 3.3 Commercial Type C
IF2
IMPLEMENTS
Infiltration Trench
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
T1 T2
Infiltration trenches are linear ditches that collect rain water from adjacent surfaces, and their highly permeable soils allow the water to quickly seep into the ground. Infiltration trenches also reduce the amount of stormwater that would enters the sewer system and ultimately go to a treatment facility. It does this by storing the water in the soil, which acts as an underground BUILDING TYPOLOGIES reservoir, until it can percolate down and recharge the water table.
Function
T 1.1
T 1.2
T 1.3
< 25% Impervious Infiltrates andVegetated treats Landscape water before itImpervious enters patches the stormwater pipes. patches > 75%
Cost
Average to higher cost. Requires land grading for efficiency.
Maintenance Trash and sediment removal annually.
T 1.1 Vegetated Landscape
T3
TT 1.22.1 Single Family House A Impervious patches < 25%
TT 1.32.2 Single Family House B Impervious patches > 75%
T 2.3 Single Family House C
TT 2.23.1 Commercial Type A Single Family House B
TT 2.33.2 Commercial Type BC Single Family House
T 3.3 Commercial Type C
Sites Applicable
T 2.1 Single Family House A
77
IF3
Rain Garden
Rain gardens are an easy and effective tool that we can use to help reduce stormwater runoff from residential properties. These gardens are strategically placed to intercept pollutant laden stormwater runoff until it can be fully absorbed into the ground. Their design allows the rain garden to serve almost as a bowl that collects water from downspouts or overland flow across a property. The water is BUILDING BUILDING BUILDING TYPOLOGIES TYPOLOGIES TYPOLOGIES then able to slowly infiltrate into the underlying soil.
Function Filter water before it enters the stormwater pipes.
T1 T1 T2 T2 Cost
Relatively lower cost. Requires land grading for efficiency.
Maintenance Trash and sediment removal needed. Strip needs to be mowed frequency. TT1.1T1.11.1 Vegetated Vegetated Vegetated Landscape Landscape Landscape
TT1.2 T1.21.2 Impervious Impervious Impervious patches patches patches < <25% <25% 25%
TT1.3 T1.31.3 Impervious Impervious Impervious patches patches patches > >75% >75% 75%
TT2.1 T2.12.1 Single Single Single Family Family Family House House House AAA
TT2.2 T2.2 2.2 Single Single Single Family Family Family House House House BBB
TT2.3 T2.3 2.3 Single Single Single Family Family Family House House House CCC
Sites Applicable
78
Roof water
Vegetation, permeable soil
Deep Berm
IMPLEMENTS
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
T 1.1 T 1.2 T 1.1 T 1.2 to drainage pipespatches Vegetated Landscape Impervious patches < 25% Vegetated Landscape Impervious < 25%
T 1.3 T 1.3 Impervious patches > 75% Impervious patches > 75%
T 2.1 T 2.1 Single Family House Single Family House AA
T 2.2 T 2.2 Single Family House Single Family House BB
sandy soil for infiltration, and T 2.3 T 2.3 Single Family House Single Family House CC promote microbial activity. Native
T 3.2 T 3.2 Commercial Type Commercial Type BB
References - Low Impact Manual for Michigan - Sustainable Sanitation and Water Management T 3.3 T 3.3 - Minnesota Urban Small Sites BMP Manual Commercial Type C Impact Development : a design manual for Commercial Type Sources -CLow urban areas University of Arkansas Community Design Center (UACDC) , 2010
T 3.1 T 3.1 Commercial Type Commercial Type AA
79
Rain gardens combine layers of organic mulch to plants are recommended based upon their intrinsic synergies with local climate, soil, and moisture conditions without the use of fertilizers and chemicals. If the site allows, they should be located at least 10 feet away from buildings.
TR1
Bioswale
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Bioswale are linear, vegetated ditches which allow for the collection, conveyance, filtration and infiltration of stormwater. The can also be referred to as “grass swales,” “vegetated swales,” and also similar to “filter strips.” A bioswale replaces the traditional concrete gutter with an earthen one. The vegetation reduces the water’s velocity allowing for treatment and infiltration. Bioswale are usually located BUILDING TYPOLOGIES along roads, drives, or parking lots where the contributing acreage is less than five acres.
T1 T2
Function
T 1.1
T 1.2
T 1.3 Impervious patches > 75%
Vegetated Impervious patches Filter water before it Landscape enters the stormwater pipes.< 25%
Cost
Relatively lower cost. Requires land grading for efficiency.
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Maintenance Requires occasional removal of trash and pruning of vegetation.
T 1.1 Vegetated Landscape
T1 T3
TT 1.22.1 Single Family House A Impervious patches < 25%
TT 1.32.2 Single Family House B Impervious patches > 75%
T 2.3 Single Family House C
TT1.1 T 2.23.1 Vegetated Landscape Commercial Type A Single Family House B
TT1.2 T 2.33.2 Impervious patches Commercial Type<BC25% Single Family House
T 1.3 T 3.3 Impervious patches Commercial Type>C75%
Sites Applicable
T 2.1 Single Family House A
80
TR2
IMPLEMENTS
Constructed Wetland
Constructed wetlands are artificial marshes or swamps with permanent standing water that offer a full range of ecosystem services to treat polluted stormwater. They are wetland systems designed to maximize the removal of pollutants from stormwater runoff through settling and both uptake and filtering by vegetation. Constructed stormwater wetlands temporarily store runoff in relatively shallow BUILDING TYPOLOGIES pools that support conditions suitable for the growth of wetland plants.
Function Retention/filtration/infiltration/treatment
Cost High cost. Low maintenance cost.
Maintenance Requires removal of trash and sediment between two and ten years, and
T 1.2 T 1.3 semiannually during first three years. Impervious patches < 25% Impervious patches > 75%
Sites Applicable
T 2.2 Single Family House B
81
T 2.3 Single Family House C
References - Low Impact Development Manual for Michigan - Sustainable Sanitation and Water Management - Minnesota Urban Small Sites BMP Manual Sources - Low Impact Development : a design manual for urban areas University of Arkansas Community Design Center (UACDC) , 2010
MAIN TITLE
PLANNING TO FARM? A FEW
82
SUBTITLE
THINGS TO KEEP IN MIND...
83
FARMERâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S ALMANAC
CROPS THAT YOU CAN GROW
86
Asparagus
Green Onions
Squash
Strawberry
Pepper
Garlic
Blueberries
Broccoli
Garlic
Tomatoes
Carrot
Onions
87
Kale
Cherry
Grapes
Cucumber
Peas
Lettuce
Cabbage
Pear
Spinach
Cauliflower
Squash small
Peach
DELICIOUS BUT DELICATE CROPS
Pepper
Tomatoes
88
Garlic
WATER LOVING PLANTS
Cucumber
Cabbage
Cauliflower
89
Peas
EASY TO GROW CROPS
Squash
90
Broccoli
Garlic
Carrot
Onions
LOW WATER DEMAND
Kale
Grapes
Spinach
91
B
jun
may A
apr
jan
feb
mar
WEATHER DYNAMICS
66
30
84
39
1.46”
70
1.35”
0.80”
2.61”
8
rh- 52.7%
8
rh- 57.62%
2015 75 140
5.55”
Calculation year
WK 01
WK 02
WK 03
WK 04
Average Temp | 45 Precipitation | 0.34”
Average Temp | 50 Precipitation | 0.84”
Average Temp | 53 Precipitation | 0.48”
Average Temp | 42 Precipitation | 0.00”
Water Demand @ 1” / week
Water Demand @ 1” / week
Water Demand @ 1” / week
Water Demand @ 1” / week
WK 05
WK 06
WK 07
WK 08
Average Temp | 58 Precipitation | 1.12”
Average Temp | 65 Precipitation | 0.65”
Average Temp | 62 Precipitation | 0.19”
Average Temp |61 Precipitation | 0.08”
Water Demand @ 1” / week
Water Demand @ 1.5” / week
Water Demand @ 1.2” / week
Water Demand @ 1.1” / week
WK 09
WK 10
WK 11
WK 12
Average Temp | 62 Precipitation | 0.34”
Average Temp | 66 Precipitation | 0.34”
Average Temp | 70 Precipitation | 2.10”
Average Temp | 70 Precipitation | 0.51”
Water Demand @ 1.2” / week
Water Demand @ 1.6” / week
Water Demand @ 2” / week
Water Demand @ 2” / week
WK 13
WK 14
WK 15
WK 16
Average Temp | 66 Precipitation | 1.74”
Average Temp | 67 Precipitation | 0.71”
Average Temp | 69 Precipitation | 1.93”
Average Temp | 73 Precipitation | 0.27”
Water Demand @ 1.6” / week
Water Demand @ 1.7” / week
Water Demand @ 1.9” / week
Water Demand @ 2.3” / week
92
5.33”
3.16”
9
1.30”
75
dec
nov I
51
33
14
rh- 57.7%
6
80
rh- 69.7%
7
82 48
H
G
91 52
rh- 72.7%
7
oct
sep
1.76”
87 61
rh- 72.7%
6
F
D
E
62
rh- 65.4%
5
91
rh- 56.5%
84 53
rh- 62.6%
C
jul
aug
PRECIPITATION
1.97”
2.06”
3.02”
2015
WK 17
WK 18
WK 19
WK 20
Average Temp | 74 Precipitation | 0.71”
Average Temp | 74 Precipitation | 0.32”
Average Temp | 70 Precipitation | 0.12”
Average Temp | 75 Precipitation | 1.26”
Water Demand @ 2.4” / week
Water Demand @ 2.4” / week
Water Demand @ 2” / week
Water Demand @ 2.5” / week
WK 21
WK 22
WK 23
WK 24
Average Temp | 69 Precipitation | 0.48”
Average Temp | 69 Precipitation | 0.09”
Average Temp | 78 Precipitation | 2.24”
Average Temp | 64 Precipitation | 0.01”
Water Demand @ 1.9” / week
Water Demand @ 1.9” / week
Water Demand @ 2.8” / week
Water Demand @ 1.4” / week
WK 25
WK 26
WK 27
WK 28
Average Temp | 66 Precipitation | 1.18”
Average Temp | 67 Precipitation | 0.26”
Average Temp | 54 Precipitation | 0.32”
Average Temp | 59 Precipitation | 0.04”
Water Demand @ 1.6” / week
Water Demand @ 1.7” / week
Water Demand @ 1” / week
Water Demand @ 1” / week
WK 29
WK 30
Average Temp | 49 Precipitation | 0.00”
Average Temp | 54 Precipitation | 0.06”
Water Demand @ 1” / week
Water Demand @ 1” / week
93
Note:
Think about temperatures and precipitation and plan accordingly.
T1
30 f
t
Farming - Water supply dependent
3000 Sq Ft
10
0f
t
Total Plot Area | 3000 Sq Ft Farming Area | 1792 Sq Ft Water Usage Calculations Collection Area - 0 Sq Ft Water Demand - 52,192 Gal Water Collection - 0.0 Gal Water Balance - 52,192 Gal Cost to purchase balance water Water $ 163.94 Annual Svc Fee $ 79.32 Yearly $243.26
94
10 ft
April May
3500
3000
- 1116 Gallons
Week 3
@ 1” / week Average Temp - 53
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1116 gal
- 1116 Gallons
@ 1” / week Average Temp - 42
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1116 gal
- 1116 Gallons
Week 5
@ 1” / week Average Temp - 58
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1116 gal
- 1116 Gallons
Week 6
@ 1.5” / week Average Temp - 65
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1675 gal
- 1675 Gallons
Week 7
@ 1.2” / week Average Temp - 62
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1340 gal
- 1340 Gallons
@ 1.1” / week Average Temp - 61
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1228 gal
- 1228 Gallons
Week 9
@ 1.2” / week Average Temp - 62
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1340 gal
-1340 Gallons
Week 10
@ 1.6” / week Average Temp - 66
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1786 gal
- 1786 Gallons
Week 11
@ 2” / week Average Temp - 70
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 2233 gal
- 2233 Gallons
@ 2” / week Average Temp - 70
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 2233 gal
- 2233 Gallons
Week 13
@ 1.6” / week Average Temp - 66
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1786 gal
- 1786 Gallons
Week 14
@ 1.7” / week Average Temp - 67
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1898 gal
- 1898 Gallons
Week 15
@ 1.9” / week Average Temp - 69
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 2233 gal
- 2233 Gallons
@ 2.3” / week Average Temp - 73
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 2568 gal
- 2568 Gallons
@ 2.5” / week Average Temp - 75
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 2791 gal
- 2791 Gallons
Week 18
@ 2.4” / week Average Temp - 74
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 2512 gal
- 2512 Gallons
Week 19
@ 2” / week Average Temp - 70
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 2233 gal
- 2233 Gallons
Week 20
@ 2.5” / week Average Temp - 75
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 2791 gal
- 2791 Gallons
Week 21
@ 2” / week Average Temp - 69
+ Collected | 1026 gal - Consumed | 2233 gal
- 2233 Gallons
Week 22
@ 2” / week Average Temp - 69
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 2233 gal
-2233 Gallons
Week 23
@ 2.8” / week Average Temp - 78
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 3126 gal
-3126 Gallons
Week 24
@ 1.4” / week Average Temp - 64
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1675 gal
-1675 Gallons
Week 25
@ 1.6” / week Average Temp - 66
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1675 gal
-1675 Gallons
Week 26
@ 1.7” / week Average Temp - 67
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1675 gal
-1675 Gallons
Week 27
@ 1” / week Average Temp - 54
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1116 gal
-1116 Gallons
Week 28
@ 1” / week Average Temp - 59
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1116 gal
-1116 Gallons
Week 29
@ 1” / week Average Temp - 49
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1116 gal
-1116 Gallons
Week 30
@ 1” / week Average Temp - 54
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1116 gal
-1116 Gallons
Precipitation | 0.48”
Week 4
Precipitation | 0.65”
Precipitation | 0.19”
Week 8 Precipitation | 0.08”
Precipitation | 0.34”
Precipitation | 0.34”
June
2500
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 1116 gal
Precipitation | 1.12”
Precipitation | 2.10”
Week 12 Precipitation | 0.51”
Precipitation | 1.74”
Precipitation | 0.71”
July
2000
Week 2
@ 1” / week Average Temp - 50
Precipitation | 0.00”
Precipitation | 1.93”
Week 16 Precipitation | 0.27”
Week 17
Precipitation | 0.71”
Precipitation | 0.32”
August
Water Requirement Avg Temperature + Collected | - Consumed |
Precipitation | 0.84”
Precipitation | 0.12”
Precipitation | 1.26”
Precipitation | 0.48”
Precipitation | 0.09”
September
Water Requirement Avg Temperature @ 1” / week Average Temp - 45
Week 1 Precipitation | 0.34”
Precipitation | 2.24”
Precipitation | 0.01”
Precipitation | 1.18”
Precipitation | 0.26”
October
1500
1000
500
Water Requirement Avg Temperature
Precipitation | 0.32”
Precipitation | 0.04”
Precipitation | 0.00”
Precipitation | 0.06”
Collection
Demand
0 gal 0 gal
+
0 Gallons
Effective Gallons required from another source -52,192 Gallons
Collection Efficiency @ 75% | Water Demand 1” @ 60F | 10F rise in Average Temperature leads to 1” Increase in water demand
T2
30 f
t
Farming - Self Sufficient
2000 Sq Ft
1000 Sq Ft 600 Sq Ft
10
0f
t
Total Plot Area | 3000 Sq Ft Farming Area | 600 Sq Ft
10 ft
Water Usage Calculations Collection Area - 2000 Sq Ft Water Demand - 17475 Gal Water Collection - 17476 Gal Water Balance 1 Gal Cost to purchase Balance water Water Collected $ 0.0 Annual Svc Fee $ 0.0 Yearly $0.0 Total Savings 96
Cost to purchase Demand water Water Collected $ 54.64 Annual Svc Fee $ 79.32 Yearly $133.96
$ 133.96
April May
3500
3000
+ 412 Gallons
Week 3
@ 1” / week Average Temp - 53
+ Collected | 449 gal - Consumed | 374 gal
+
@ 1” / week Average Temp - 42
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 374 gal
- 374 Gallons
Week 5
@ 1” / week Average Temp - 58
+ Collected | 1047 gal - Consumed | 374 gal
+ 673 Gallons
Week 6
@ 1.5” / week Average Temp - 65
+ Collected | 608 gal - Consumed | 561 gal
+
Week 7
@ 1.2” / week Average Temp - 62
+ Collected | 178 gal - Consumed | 449 gal
- 271 Gallons
@ 1.1” / week Average Temp - 61
+ Collected | 75 gal - Consumed | 411 gal
- 336 Gallons
Week 9
@ 1.2” / week Average Temp - 62
+ Collected | 1964 gal - Consumed | 449 gal
+ 1515 Gallons
Week 10
@ 1.6” / week Average Temp - 66
+ Collected | 477 gal - Consumed | 598 gal
- 121 Gallons
Week 11
@ 2” / week Average Temp - 70
+ Collected | 1627 gal - Consumed | 748 gal
+ 879 Gallons
@ 2” / week Average Temp - 70
+ Collected | 664 gal - Consumed | 748 gal
-
Week 13
@ 1.6” / week Average Temp - 66
+ Collected | 1805 gal - Consumed | 598 gal
+ 1207 Gallons
Week 14
@ 1.7” / week Average Temp - 67
+ Collected | 252 gal - Consumed | 635 gal
- 383 Gallons
Week 15
@ 1.9” / week Average Temp - 69
+ Collected | 664 gal - Consumed | 748 gal
-
@ 2.3” / week Average Temp - 73
+ Collected | 299 gal - Consumed | 860 gal
- 561 Gallons
@ 2.5” / week Average Temp - 75
+ Collected | 112 gal - Consumed | 935 gal
- 822 Gallons
Week 18
@ 2.4” / week Average Temp - 74
+ Collected | 1178 gal - Consumed | 841 gal
+ 337 Gallons
Week 19
@ 2” / week Average Temp - 70
+ Collected | 449 gal - Consumed | 748 gal
- 299 Gallons
Week 20
@ 2.5” / week Average Temp - 75
+ Collected | 84 gal - Consumed | 935 gal
- 850 Gallons
Week 21
@ 2” / week Average Temp - 69
+ Collected | 2095 gal - Consumed | 748 gal
+1347 Gallons
Week 22
@ 2” / week Average Temp - 69
+ Collected | 9 gal - Consumed | 748 gal
- 738 Gallons
Week 23
@ 2.8” / week Average Temp - 78
+ Collected | 1103 gal - Consumed | 1047 gal
+ 57 Gallons
Week 24
@ 1.4” / week Average Temp - 64
+ Collected | 243 gal - Consumed | 561 gal
- 318 Gallons
Week 25
@ 1.6” / week Average Temp - 66
+ Collected | 299 gal - Consumed | 561 gal
- 261 Gallons
Week 26
@ 1.7” / week Average Temp - 67
+ Collected | 430 gal - Consumed | 561 gal
- 131 Gallons
Week 27
@ 1” / week Average Temp - 54
+ Collected | 168 gal - Consumed | 374 gal
- 205 Gallons
Week 28
@ 1” / week Average Temp - 59
+ Collected | 37 gal - Consumed | 374 gal
- 336 Gallons
Week 29
@ 1” / week Average Temp - 49
+ Collected | 0 gal - Consumed | 374 gal
- 374 Gallons
Week 30
@ 1” / week Average Temp - 54
+ Collected | 54 gal - Consumed | 374 gal
- 318 Gallons
Precipitation | 0.48”
Week 4
Precipitation | 0.65”
Precipitation | 0.19”
Week 8 Precipitation | 0.08”
Precipitation | 0.34”
Precipitation | 0.34”
June
2500
Week 2
+ Collected | 785 gal - Consumed | 374 gal
Precipitation | 1.12”
Precipitation | 2.10”
Week 12 Precipitation | 0.51”
Precipitation | 1.74”
Precipitation | 0.71”
July
2000
+ 318 Gallons
@ 1” / week Average Temp - 50
Precipitation | 0.00”
Precipitation | 1.93”
Week 16 Precipitation | 0.27”
Week 17
Precipitation | 0.71”
Precipitation | 0.32”
August
Water Requirement Avg Temperature + Collected | 318 gal - Consumed | 0 gal
Precipitation | 0.84”
Precipitation | 0.12”
Precipitation | 1.26”
Precipitation | 0.48”
Precipitation | 0.09”
September
Water Requirement Avg Temperature @ 1” / week Average Temp - 45
Week 1 Precipitation | 0.34”
Precipitation | 2.24”
Precipitation | 0.01”
Precipitation | 1.18”
Precipitation | 0.26”
October
1500
1000
500
Water Requirement Avg Temperature
Precipitation | 0.32”
Precipitation | 0.04”
Precipitation | 0.00”
Precipitation | 0.06”
Collection
Demand
75 Gallons
47 Gallons
84 Gallons
84 Gallons
Effective Gallons required from another source +1.2 Gallons
Collection Efficiency @ 75% | Water Demand 1” @ 60F | 10F rise in Average Temperature leads to 1” Increase in water demand
MAIN TITLE
To learn more...
98
SUBTITLE
DWSD - Drainage Charge and Credit Program. - http://detroitmi.gov/Portals/0/docs/DWSD/FAQ%20-%20Drainage%20Charge%20and%20Credit%20 Program%20-%2011232016.pdf A Guide to the Drainage Charge - http://www.detroitmi.gov/Portals/0/docs/DWSD/A%20Guide%20 to%20Drainage%20Charge%20 Credits%20-%20Web.pdf?ver=2016-09-06-093601-287 NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT GUIDEBOOK- Bruce E. Menerey, P.E. https://www.michigan.gov/documents/ deq/lwm-smg-all_202833_7.pdf LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT : A DESIGN MANUAL FOR URBAN AREAS (UACDC)
LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT MANUAL FOR MICHIGAN - http://www.swmpc. org/mi_lid_manual.asp
MINNESOTA URBAN SMALL SITES BMP MANUAL: STORMWATER BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES https://www.pca.state.mn.us/water/ stormwater-best-management-practices-manual
99
MAIN TITLE
100
SUBTITLE
Keeping costs down
1 - Department of Environmental Quality 2 - The Kresge Foundation 3 - Fred A. And Barbara M. Erb Family Foundation
101
MAIN TITLE
102
SUBTITLE
Water Booklet was developed for the Detroit Cultivator project, a six-acre civic commons sited at the Oakland Avenue Urban Farm in Detroitâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s historic North End. Combining food production, cultural activity, and civic assets, Detroit Cultivator works to create an economically and ecologically sustainable environment for the benefit of the neighborhood and the city at large. The project shares and showcases best practices for urban stewardship through publications, public programs, events, and other experimental prototypes.
About the Oakland Avenue Urban Farm For the past decade, against a backdrop of extreme social and economic need, the Oakland Avenue Urban Farm has established a reputation as a stabilizing anchor for the community. By growing healthy food, offering mentorships, conducting educational programs, supporting outdoor gathering spots and art spaces, and generating jobs, the farm helped create a safety net where virtually no other was available. The farm started with just one city lot in 2000; today it includes over 30 lots and structures ready for civic programming. 9227 Goodwin St. Detroit, MI 48211; oaklandurbanfarm.org
Credits MAde Architects, water consultants Akoaki, Detroit Cultivator architectural design leads Nishant Mittal, Detroit Water Booklet design
Water Booklet is made possible through the generous support of ArtPlace America.
103
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS Farr, Douglas. Sustainable Urbanism: Urban Design with Nature. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. Low Impact Development : a design manual for urban areas University of Arkansas Community Design Center (UACDC) , 2010 Smith, Carl, Andy Clayden, and Nigel Dunnett. Residential Landscape Sustainability: A Checklist Tool. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing, 2008.
MANUALS Barr Engineering Company. Minnesota Urban Small Sites BMP Manual. St. Paul, Ml: Metropolitan Council, 1993, http:// www.metrocouncil.org/environment/water/BMP/ manual.htm Chicago Department of Transportation. The Chicago Green Alley Handbook. Chicago: City of Chicago, 2006, http://brandavenuc. type pad. com/brand_avenue/files/ greenalleyhandbook. pdf Low Impact Development Manual for Michigan , http://www.swmpc.org/mi_lid_manual. asp Minnesota Urban Small Sites BMP Manual: Stormwater Best Management Practices, https://www.pca.state.mn.us/water/stormwater-best-management-practices-manual