Références sur les Plantes

a conserved group of CCR-like genes involved in the defense response, and with the potential to alter lignin content without affecting development.

Author Summary Plants possess potent and effective endogenous methods for responding to pathogen attacks, referred to as plant innate immunity. In this report we further our understanding of rice innate immunity through characterization of the Snl6 gene. The snl6 mutant was identified from a mutant screen for positive regulators of immunity. While innate immunity represents a powerful agronomic tool, identification of desirable genes from crop species is limited by the slow and laborious nature of map-based cloning. Here we describe our methodology of combining comparative genome hybridization and fine mapping to rapidly identify the Snl6 gene. Snl6 is distantly related to members of the cinnamoyl-CoA reductase gene family, is required for pathogenesis gene expression and resistance to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Snl6 mutants have reduced lignin content and increased sugar extractability, an important trait for the production of cellulosic biofuels.

URL: http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.1001123 Author Address: 1 Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America, 2 Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America USA XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Author: Baschet Jean-François, Pingault Nathanaël Year: 2009 Title: £ La réduction des usages de pesticides : le plan Ecophyto 2018 : Le rôle des indicateurs d‘utilisation pour évaluer l‘atteinte des objectifs.

Journal: Ministère de l‘Agriculture et de la Pêche - Secrétariat Général - Service de la statistique et de la prospective - Sous-direction de la prospective et de l‘évaluation - Analyse N° 4 Février 2009 Label: ImpactPesticide Abstract: La réduction des usages de pesticides est un dossier complexe à plus d‘un titre. Du fait d‘abord du nombre important de substances actives et de produits commerciaux qui peuvent s‘utiliser à des doses très différentes, de quelques grammes à plusieurs dizaines de kilos par hectare. Le nombre d‘acteurs concernés est également très élevé, qui par leurs décisions influent directement ou indirectement sur ces usages : exploitants agricoles, transformateurs et distributeurs, consommateurs, etc. Enfin, il reste encore des lacunes au niveau de la connaissance des différents impacts et même de l‘importance des usages. La question de la mesure, c‘est-àdire des indicateurs de suivi, est donc essentielle ; elle est au coeur de ce plan présenté en septembre 2008.

URL: http://agriculture.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/Analyse_4_Ecophyto_indicateurs-2.pdf Author Address: France XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Author: Batista Rita, Oliveira Margarida Year: 2010 Title: * Plant natural variability may affect safety assessment data.

Journal: Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology - In Press, Uncorrected Proof - August 27/10.

Label: EvaluationRisque Composition Keywords: Genetically modified food Food safety evaluation Plant natural variability "omics" technologies Proteomics 2-D gel electrophoresis Maize Environmental effects Abstract: Before market introduction, GE food products, like any other novel food product, are subjected to extensive assessment of their potential effects on human health. In recent years, a number of profiling technologies have been explored aiming to increase the probability of detecting any unpredictable unintended effect and, consequently improving the efficiency of GE food safety assessment. These techniques still present limitations associated with the interpretation of the observed differences with respect to their biological relevance and toxicological significance. In order to address this issue, in this study, we have performed 2D-gel electrophoresis of five different ears of five different MON810 maize plants and of other five of the nontransgenic near-isogenic line. We have also performed 2D-gel electrophoresis of the pool of the 5 protein extractions of MON810 and control lines. We have notice that, in this example, the exclusive use of data from 2D-electrophoresed pooled samples, to compare these two lines, would be insufficient for an adequate safety evaluation. We conclude that, when using "omics" technologies, it is extremely important to eliminate all