SDGzine_SE09_SDG Summer School 2023 by ADDICTLAB

SPECIAL EDITION

#SE9 SEP 2023

Collaborative publication on the sustainable development goals - WWW.SDGZINE.ORG

SDG Olympiad -2023 Pilot Program Five SDG Summer Schools on Planetary Health held in Bangkok, Geneva, Lagos, Nairobi and Paris

©cover image Students on the rooftop of the SDG Solution Space, Campus Biotech Innovation Park,

Table of Contents SDG Summer Schools 2023............

Bangkok Challenges......................... TB.AI................................................. TB - Care Mate............................... RSK - TB Alert................................ Geneva Challenges............................ Bzzz it!.............................................. MyMedPartner............................... Hive.................................................. Tiny Guardian................................. Kaya x.............................................. Her menstrual trials....................... Lagos Challenges............................... CoFaWo............................................ WashMonitor.................................. Donate Water................................. Nairobi Challenges ........................... Aquatech......................................... Rejesha Maji................................... Paris Challenges................................. AirWise: AirBook........................... Playpette..........................................

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46

Launching an SDG Olympiad.........

This SDGZINE issue is a special school edition with content generated by students of the 2023 SDG Summer school at the University of Geneva.

University contact info@sdgsolutionspace.org

Partners and Sponsors include:

Academic Sponsors include:

Host Institutions & Associated Labs include:

Editorial team Ivonne Arica Katherine Temple Jan Van Mol François Grey Belén Falla All the Summer Schools Teams

SDGZINE.ORG is an initiative from the ADDICTLAB ACADEMY and partners contributing to the sustainable development goals of the United Nations.

SDG Summer Schools 2023 Towards an SDG Olympiad on Planetary Health “Climate change is challenging our ability to deliver sustainable impact in global health. Youthdriven innovation that puts new technologies to practical use in affected communities is part of the solution. That’s why our Global Fund experts have been supporting youth teams in SDG Summer Schools around the globe, and look forward to advising young global health entrepreneurs during the SDG Olympiad in 2024” Peter Sands, Executive Director of the Global Fund The SDG Summer Schools are a one-month intensive team-based innovation program, inspired by the 17 Sustainable Development Goals or SDGs, that were launched by the UN in 2015. To achieve these goals, we need to enable today’s youth to play an active and meaningful role in tackling them. That’s what the SDG Summer School are all about.

The coordination between the teams at all sites, as well as the Geneva logistics event were generously supported by the 4EU+ Alliance.

The motivation of the SDG Summer Schools is for teams of university students, in close collaboration with International Organizations to conceive ways to use crowdsourcing technologies, and low-cost open source solutions to achieve concrete steps towards achieving the SDGs, at a local, regional or global level.

In Geneva, the SDG Summer School includes study tours and brown bag lunches with experts from UN Agencies, International Organizations, NGOs, and academic partners.

The SDG Summer Schools use team-based problem solving and hands-on prototype development, going from a conception phase to producing practical demos. All accepted participants receive intensive mentoring and coaching to help transform their ideas into impactful projects and become part of a global community of civic innovators. Since 2020, the SDG Summer Schools have expanded from Geneva, where the concept was launched in 2016, to several other partner sites, which host their own versions of the Summer School. And since 2021, the SDG Summer School in Geneva has focused on one theme: Open Source Health Solutions, in collaboration with the Institute of Global Health at the University of Geneva. In 2023, there were SDG Summer School teams in Paris, at the Learning Planet Institute, in Lagos at the University of Lagos, in Nairobi at the CitSci Africa Association based at United States International University and in Bangkok at Asian Institute of Technology. In Geneva, the event was hosted at the SDG Solution Space of the University of Geneva, and co-sponsored by the Geneva Tsinghua Initiative, a comprehensive education program for the SDGs.

The International Olympic Committee, the LEGO Foundation and Partisia Blockchain, a corporate sponsor, also generously supported stipends to cover costs for students.

The 2023 edition of the SDG Summer Schools focused on team-based problem solving and hands-on prototype development in order the help young innovators use crowdsourcing and open data, combined with emerging digital technologies like AI and blockchain, to maximize the impact of open source solutions for health applications. Every week, student teams had to pitch the latest version of their project to a jury of experts. With each week, they had to make big improvements, and sometimes pivot completely their solution, in the light of the expert feedback. After the summer school, some of the most promising projects were invited to apply for further support, through the SDG Accelerator, another program of the Geneva Tsinghua Initiative. That is a long journey, but it is an essential one. The organisers continue to mentor some of the teams and encourage them to continue from innovation to real-world impact. The present edition of the SDGZine covers the projects developed in Geneva, Paris, Bangkok, Lagos and Nairobi. These five summer schools served as a pilot for the SDG Olympiad, a program to be launched in 2024, which is described on pages 48-49 of this SDGZine.

LAB.002 sàrl SDG Solution Space Campus Biotech Innovation Park Avenue de Secheron 15 1202 Geneva Switzerland

SDG Summer School 2023 (Geneva program)

Week 1

Week 2

Week 3

Week 4

Introduction to the challenges

Workshop Theory of Change Workshop Value Proposition

Workshop on pitching projects

Final team activities

Team formation with AI Algorithm

Brown-bag lunch series: Pradeep Kakkattil Health Innovation Exchange Sharada Mohanty AICrowd Reda Sadki Geneva Learning Foundation Maria Sol Pintos Castro The Global Fund

Tour of the Palais des Nations, host to many UN agencies in Geneva

Brown-bag lunch series: Francesco Pisano UN Library Nicolas Ray and Fleur Hierink Institute of Global Health

FabLab Workshop Problem Definition & SDG Tool Kit Workshop Perfecting your pitch Workshop

Visit to The Global Fund

Knowing Your Users & Social Entrepreneurship Nadine Reichenthal Introduction to the SDG Accelerator

Team to team reviews between different locations

AI for good Global }Summit

Tour of the ICRC Museum

Bains des Pâquis + fondue dinner

Final pitch

Weekly Pitch

Farewell aperitif

SDG Summer Schools locations

GENEVA 2021 2022 2023

SDG Solution Space

PARIS 2021 2022 2023

Learning Planet Institute

BANGKOK 2023 Asian Institute

of Technology

LAGOS of 2023 University Lagos

NAIROBI Africa 2023 CitSci Association

Bangkok Challenges 6

TB.AI Blending of technology with the tuberculosis diagnosis The team:

Vineet Singh Salman Khan Venu Kumar Ranga

Welcome to a cutting-edge exploration at the intersection of healthcare and technology. In the realm of medical diagnostics, the integration of deep learning and advanced data visualization tools has emerged as a transformative force. This integration holds the promise of revolutionizing the early detection of tuberculosis, a persistent global health challenge. This endeavour represents a convergence of artificial intelligence and business intelligence, with the fusion of deep learning techniques and Microsoft Power BI, aimed at enhancing the pre-screening stage of tuberculosis diagnosis. In this journey, we delve into the realm of medical image analysis and data interpretation, harnessing the capabilities of deep learning algorithms to aid in the identification of potential tuberculosis cases. Through the synergy of these technologies, we aspire to create a comprehensive and efficient solution that has the potential to significantly impact public health by expediting the detection of this infectious disease. Join us as we navigate the intricate landscape of disease detection, innovation, and technology, all united for a healthier tomorrow. Problem 1. We Initially felt the problem of pre screening of TB at stage 1. Where the load on the hospital becomes too much as pre screening is not done properly and time taking process at the same time. 2. Later we felt the problem of people and government should be brought on same page to understand the importance of TB disease and similar steps or initiatives can be taken at the same time. 3. The country with low income are more likely to get infected and so there is need of mapping this disease and make people understand its importance to their health. Solution • Development of Power BI tool for making people and government keep real time tracking of the patients and case at the same time. • Next, integration of deep learning models such as CNN, RNN and checking model such as MOBINETV2 and others too for making the pre screening easily for small rural area when considered and integrate with the X ray directly. • Focus on SDG 3 as key parameters. Description of Prototype In the pursuit of revolutionizing tuberculosis prescreening, a cuttingedge prototype has been developed, amalgamating the power of deep

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learning architectures - MobileNet, CNN, and ResNet-50. This triad of sophisticated neural networks has been meticulously harnessed to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of tuberculosis detection, offering a glimpse into the future of healthcare diagnostics. The MobileNet architecture, renowned for its efficiency and lightweight design, has been ingeniously employed to process chest X-ray images swiftly, while maintaining a remarkable level of accuracy. Its streamlined structure makes it an ideal choice for resource-constrained environments without compromising diagnostic precision. Complementing the MobileNet, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been engaged to unravel intricate patterns within the chest X-rays, enabling the model to discern subtle anomalies indicative of tuberculosis. With their multi-layered design, CNNs excel at image feature extraction, which is essential for identifying minute structural irregularities. Furthermore, the ResNet-50 architecture has been seamlessly integrated to harness the power of deep residual learning. This approach facilitates the training of even deeper networks while mitigating the vanishing gradient problem, thus enabling the model to delve deeper into the complexities of tuberculosis-related patterns within the X-ray images. The efficacy of this prototype has been validated using a comprehensive dataset comprising a diverse range of chest X-ray images, collected from a multitude of clinical sources. This dataset encompasses various stages and manifestations of tuberculosis, mirroring the complexity encountered in real-world scenarios. Rigorous training, validation, and testing processes have culminated in a prototype that exhibits an accuracy rate surpassing the benchmarks set by traditional diagnostic methods. In a time where healthcare demands innovative solutions, the amalgamation of MobileNet, CNN, and ResNet-50 within this prototype marks a significant leap forward in the field of tuberculosis prescreening. The achievement of heightened accuracy and efficiency promises to expedite the identification of potential tuberculosis cases, potentially revolutionizing the way we approach the diagnosis of this global health concern. This prototype exemplifies the harmony between technological prowess and medical progress, forging a path

towards more effective, accessible, and timely healthcare solutions.

traditionally separate domains.

Value proposition Global Health Impact: Ultimately, the value proposition lies in the A compelling value proposition that addresses critical challenges in potential to make a substantial impact on global public health. By healthcare diagnostics. This innovative prototype offers: identifying tuberculosis cases earlier and with greater accuracy, this prototype contributes to the worldwide effort to control the spread of Enhanced Diagnostic Accuracy: By leveraging the power of these this infectious disease, potentially saving lives and reducing its societal advanced deep learning architectures, the prototype boasts a and economic burden. remarkable accuracy rate in tuberculosis detection. This precision translates to early identification of potential cases, reducing false In essence, the integration of MobileNet, CNN, and ResNet-50 negatives and ensuring patients receive timely medical attention. architectures for tuberculosis prescreening transcends traditional diagnostic methods, offering a transformational solution that embodies Efficiency and Speed: The utilization of MobileNet, known for its accuracy, efficiency, accessibility, and innovation in the realm of efficiency, ensures rapid image processing without compromising healthcare diagnostics. diagnostic quality. This efficiency is particularly crucial in resourceconstrained environments, enabling healthcare professionals to Conclusion assess more cases in less time. In conclusion, the fusion of MobileNet, CNN, and ResNet-50 deep learning architectures within the realm of tuberculosis pre-screening Comprehensive Pattern Recognition: The combination of CNNs and heralds a new era in healthcare diagnostics. This innovative prototype ResNet-50 enables the prototype to analyze chest X-ray images stands as a testament to the transformative power of technology in at intricate levels, capturing nuanced patterns associated with addressing complex medical challenges. By delivering heightened tuberculosis. This comprehensive pattern recognition aids in detecting accuracy, efficiency, and accessibility, this solution paves the way subtle anomalies that might escape traditional diagnostic methods. for earlier detection, informed decision-making, and potentially life-saving interventions. As we witness the convergence of cuttingObjective and Consistent Analysis: Deep learning models provide an edge AI algorithms and advanced data visualization tools, the value objective and consistent assessment of medical images, minimizing of this prototype extends beyond mere innovation – it embodies a the variability introduced by human interpretation. This consistency commitment to enhancing global health outcomes and represents a leads to reliable diagnostic results, contributing to a more standardized significant stride towards a future where technology and healthcare healthcare approach. collaborate harmoniously for the greater good. Potential for Early Intervention: The prototype’s heightened accuracy and efficiency mean that potential tuberculosis cases can be identified earlier in the disease progression. This early intervention can prevent complications, reduce transmission, and enhance patient outcomes. Scalability and Accessibility: The integration of these deep learning architectures allows for the creation of scalable solutions. Once trained and validated, the model can be deployed across diverse healthcare settings, making quality tuberculosis screening more accessible globally. Data-Driven Insights: The prototype, in conjunction with its integration into Microsoft Power BI, empowers healthcare administrators and policymakers with data-driven insights. This facilitates informed decision-making, resource allocation, and targeted interventions to combat tuberculosis.

Figure1: The team

Contributing to Research: The prototype contributes to the advancement of medical research by facilitating the creation of extensive datasets. These datasets can be used to uncover deeper insights into the disease’s various manifestations and aid in the development of more accurate diagnostic methods. Synergy of Technology and Healthcare: The integration of deep learning and diagnostic tools like Power BI showcases the synergy between technology and healthcare. This marriage of innovation not only improves diagnostic accuracy but also fosters a bridge between

TB-CareMate Revolutionizing tuberculosis management through innovation The team:

Sakib Bin Alam Aiman Lameesa Austine Odibo Tanujjal Bora

Problem Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, affecting millions of lives each year. One of the most significant hurdles in TB management is ensuring patient adherence to treatment regimens. Non-adherence can lead to treatment failure, the development of drug-resistant TB, and the spread of the disease. Addressing this critical issue requires a comprehensive and patient-centric approach that leverages technology and data-driven insights. Customer feedback and extensive research have highlighted the need for an innovative solution to enhance treatment adherence, provide continuous support, and bridge the communication gap between patients and healthcare providers. TB patients have not only medical but also social problems related to their illness, which may influence their motivation for the completion of treatment. TB patients face joblessness and negative attitudes from their neighbors and relatives. Solution To tackle the problem of TB treatment adherence, we propose the development of “TB CareMate,” a groundbreaking mobile app designed to provide comprehensive support, monitor health metrics, and facilitate virtual consultations. The app’s primary objective is to empower TB patients, improve adherence rates, and enhance communication between patients and healthcare providers. Through the integration of deep learning, IoT technology, and telemedicine capabilities, TB-CareMate aims to revolutionize TB management. Recognizing the challenges that TB patients encounter within society, our strategy involves enhancing societal awareness and collaborating with governmental bodies to integrate our product into local healthcare institutions. As familiarity with our product grows and its popularity increases, we intend to transition to a direct-to-consumer sales model, offering the product directly to individuals. Description of Prototype TB-CareMate is a user-friendly mobile app available for both iOS and Android platforms. The app offers a range of features tailored to address the specific challenges faced by TB patients. It includes medication reminders that ensure patients never miss a dose, educational resources that provide valuable insights into TB treatment and prevention, and virtual support groups that foster a sense of

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community and emotional support among patients. Moreover, TBCareMate integrates IoT devices (smart pill, smart watch) to monitor key health metrics, such as heart rate, night sweat and temperature. By analyzing the time series data collected from IoT devices, we will use deep learning technique to predict risky patients and provide them immediate support. At present, the application is in the conceptual phase. However, the necessary IoT devices are readily accessible in the market and can be utilized for the development of our proposed system. Value proposition The proposed solution holds immense value for all stakeholders involved. For TB patients, TB CareMate offers a lifeline to improved treatment outcomes and a better quality of life. By providing personalized medication reminders and a wealth of educational resources, patients are empowered to take control of their treatment journey. For healthcare providers, the app’s deep learning model predicts medication adherence, enabling early intervention and personalized care plans. Virtual consultations bridge geographical barriers, making healthcare more accessible and convenient. The value of TB-CareMate is evident in several aspects. Improved treatment adherence leads to reduced treatment failure rates, minimizing the development of drug-resistant TB and decreasing the overall burden on healthcare systems. By fostering patient empowerment and engagement, the app contributes to better patient outcomes, thereby enhancing the reputation of healthcare providers and institutions. Additionally, the app’s data analytics and insights hold promise for public health authorities and researchers to refine TB management strategies. TB-CareMate will be a subscription-based app that will offer premium features for TB patients to enhance treatment adherence and provide virtual consultations with healthcare providers. The app will be developed with an initial expected investment of $50,000. The annual revenue generated from subscriptions is projected to be $25,000, and the annual operational costs, including server maintenance and customer support, are estimated to amount to $10,000. Net Profit = $25,000 - $10,000 = $15,000 Cost of Investment = $50,000 ROI = ($15,000 / $50,000) * 100 = 30%

A positive ROI of 30% indicates that the investment in TB-CareMate is yielding a favorable return. However, it’s important to consider other factors beyond ROI, such as the app’s impact on improving TB treatment adherence, enhancing patient outcomes, and contributing to public health efforts. Additionally, a comprehensive ROI analysis would take into account factors like the app’s lifespan, future growth projections, and potential risks. Conclusion The time is ripe for a comprehensive solution like TB-CareMate to address the pressing issue of TB treatment adherence. With the global burden of TB and the growing need for patient centric care, the development of such an innovative app becomes paramount. TB-CareMate’s combination of deep learning, IoT integration, and telemedicine services presents a unique opportunity to revolutionize TB management. By empowering patients, facilitating healthcare provider collaboration, and leveraging technology for proactive intervention, TB-CareMate represents a significant stride toward achieving a TB-free world. As we move forward, the next steps involve meticulous app development, rigorous testing, and collaboration with stakeholders to ensure the successful realization of TB-CareMate’s transformative potential.

Figure 1: Prototype TB-CareMate

Figure 2: Conceptual framework Figure 3: The team

RSK - TB Alert Tuberculosis monitoring management system by a mobile application. The team:

Khaisinh Sokla Chhoeurt Reakshar Chhorn Dieter Trau

Problem Cambodia is a lower middle-income country located in Southeast Asia with a population of over 16 million (Worldometer, 2023) and life expectancy of 70.54 years old (MacroTrends, 2023). Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most severe diseases which has killed thousands of Cambodian people who are mostly ages over 55-year-old and living in inconvenient situations. (Stop TB Partnership, 2023). However, with international support and the strong commitment from the government, Cambodia has made significant achievements in the action of fighting against TB by transitioning out from the list of the 30 high TB burden countries in the world in 2021 (WHO, 2021). Since 2004, the improvement has been noticed when decentralization of health care service has been placed to treat TB patients by healthcare centers in each commune and provincial hospital (Codlin et al., 2018). According to two National TB Prevalence Surveys in 2002 and 2011, the results showed that there was a dramatic decrease in the TB prevalence by 45 %. Moreover, the estimation between 2000 and 2019 indicated that TB incidence decreased from 575 to 287 per 100 000 people (USAID, 2021). The last updated number of TB patients was 46, 000 people in 2020 (Stop TB Partnership, 2021). However, in Cambodia, according to the STOP TB partnership, most TB patients in treatment are badly affected due to lack of staff, coordination, and weak referral system (Stop TB Partnership, 2021). By 2021, there were 26, 411 TB people who were lost on track and no information whether they had been cured or not. Solution With the problem above, RSK team proposes a solution through a mobile application named “TB Alert” it is an online platform that provides one stop healthcare services including online consultation with any medical specialties, monitoring TB patients, educational materials, and alert TB patients to follow the medical prescription in a regular basis. Through the proposed solution, TB Alert contributes to SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being), 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), 10 (Reduced Inequality), 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), and 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions). Our target users are TB medical staff/doctors and TB patients in treatment. It works on monitoring and alerting TB patients to

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appropriately follow-on medical prescription. At the same time, TB patients can access online consultation service and related educational materials. Description of Prototype First, users need to create an account in TB Alert Application which is available both in Android and IOS. After that, users can access in the application which has view information and view doctor profile, make appointment with doctors. Moreover, users can access to Chat and Alert system which is an automatic chat alert patient to take pill in a regular basis. To follow medical prescription properly, patient users need to submit a proof of taking pill by entry code or QR code which is on each pill package. If patients forget to take pill, the system will automatically call to alert patient to do it. Additionally, TB Alert App stores patient’s information that doctors can view patient information, personal profile, medical history, and online monitoring. This feature can make doctor to control and monitor patients by online effectively and efficiently. Value proposition The proposed solution holds immense value for all stakeholders iThis solution has a vision to become a trusted healthcare partner for patients to achieve their full potential for health and wellbeing across the lifespan. Its mission is to provide TB patient centred healthcare with excellence in service, access, and quality; along with values: Fast, Affordable, Accessible, Innovative, Respectful, and Quality. Conclusion TB Patient Monitoring Management System (TB P2MS) by developing a mobile application named “TB Alert” stands to be a pivotal tool in improving the efficiency, accuracy, and overall quality of TB patient care. It is a vital tool in the fight against tuberculosis, by leveraging technology, data, and patient-centred care. The system has the potential to make a significant impact in controlling TB outbreak, ultimately leading to a healthier population and a brighter future in the battle against this infectious disease.

Figure 1 anD 2: Prototype RSK

Figure 3: The team

Geneva Challenges 14

BZZZ IT! The first SMS survey aiming to quantify in real-time insecticide-treated bed nets usage and investigate reasons for not using nets. The team:

Alysha Njokam Furkan Usta Roxane Claudon

Malaria is an endemic parasite found worldwide. In 2021, there were an estimated 247 million malaria cases and 619,000 deaths globally, mainly affecting children under five years old and pregnant woman1. The provision of insecticide treated nets (ITN’s) is one of the important public health measures employed to reduce malaria transmission. The current approach of monitoring and evaluating usage of ITN’s by the Global Fund requires substantial financial and technical resources, based on household surveys conducted every three years, and thus data is not always up to date and does not always reflect the current situation for many communities. Problem The Global Fund has distributed more than 200 million insecticidetreated nets (ITN’s) to protect families from malaria in 20212. Globally, studies have found that only 50% are used3. Pregnant women and children under 5 years old because are the most vulnerable group. The Global Fund finances governments and technical partners to monitor the access and the usage of ITN’s in countries affected by malaria, but they are not prioritized for several reasons. Firstly, surveys are conducted infrequently (e.g., every 3-years) and are time-consuming and resource-intensive to conduct. Second, the data collected is not accessible as open source, meaning that investors cannot monitor the effectiveness of their investments, and researchers and other potential users do not have access to it. Lastly only limited questions are asked in the surveys, with insufficient focus on the reasons of not using ITN’s, which is difficults design and the functionality enhacing of bed nets that are apparently not tailored to needs of users. Solution That is why we propose building a SMS survey which enables the collection of simple, accurate and useful data from key target communities, since only requires a basic phone. Description of Prototype Upon receiving the bed nets, whether from clinics or via volunteers distributing them into the community, the recipients would fill out a brief form to provide contact information such as name, phone number, region (address) and the preferred method of contact, SMS text or voicemail. 1 https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/results/#malaria 2 https://data.theglobalfund.org/results 3 https://www.theglobalfund.org/media/10103/corporate_2020resultsreport_report_en.pdf

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We selected Twilio SMS API to develop the prototype, since it is integrated into the system using open-source coding languages such as Python, which reduces the cost and increases transparency The SMS algorithm has been developed to send surveys automatically to individuals who are required to fill them out. The survey questions have been derived from the Malaria Indicator Survey which have been improved on by being more interactive with the surveyors. Once the survey is completed, the answers will be stored in a database. The goal is to visualize the survey results on a map in real-time, categorised by regions. Per region, the stakeholders can view the data translated into a graph of usage (percent of respondent using bed nets), and breakdown of reasons for not using nets. Value proposition The value of our solution will positively affect the stakeholders and the users. In comparison to the existing surveys conducted in affected areas by malaria, our SMS based survey is faster than in-person and paperbased methods and low cost, whilst still enabling insights from rural and lower income communities – since an SMS does not require any Wi-Fi access or a smartphone. In addition, we want to catch illiterate people who represent 42% of the African population4, by proposing a voice message option instead of the SMS to make it as accessible as possible for everyone. Furthermore, we want to know the real reasons of not using ITN’s related to realities in the field and in user’s daily lives. After interviewing people facing malaria in their daily life – including students of the Summer School, members of humanitarian organizations for instance – we realised that a variety of different reasons can explain the misand under-usage of ITN’s. In general, malaria is not a top priority for people who struggle to feed their families properly every day. That is why we focused the survey on the reasons for not using ITN’s, affecting other SDG issues such as the fight against poverty and hunger, in asking concretely why users do not use their ITN’s whereas they have access to it and in proposing a list of possible reasons that we felt were relevant. Finally focusing on the targeted group of pregnant women and families 4 “Beegle, Kathleen; Christiaensen, Luc; Dabalen, Andrew; Gaddis, Isis. 2016. Poverty in a Rising Africa. © Washington, DC: World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22575 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”

with children under 5 years old is a step to implement the survey efficiently, because they are the most vulnerable and know the necessity of using ITN’s. By incorporating women into the program, they will receive benefits in relation to their maternal health and/or education of children. Conclusion BZZZ IT! is trying to solve the issue of funding with regards to implementing organizations. We want to go ahead with prototyping the ML algorithm and making a better Natural Language Recognizing ML for our App, which can work offline, store results offline, and send them to the cloud when it has access to the Internet. We will continue working fervently to continue developing and testing our prototype.

Figure 1: Roxane, Furkan and Alisha are team Bzzz it!

Figure 2, 3 and 4: Prototype development

MyMedPartner MyMedPartner is a digital medication companion that intuitively accompanies patients on lengthy drug use through their medication journey. The team:

Simona Hossain Abhiraj Satish Daddi Yanrong Du Dr. Fabian C. Adili-George

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Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and impacts 10.6 million people a year. The disease affects the lungs primarily and spreads through air droplets, and factors such as overcrowding, and poverty contribute to the challenges of controlling the spread of tuberculosis. The current Directly Observed Treatment, Short Course (DOTS protocol) is the global treatment practice recommended by World Health Organization(WHO) and involves the direct observation of patients taking their daily prescribed medication in front of healthcare providers. The DOTS protocol aims to ensure medication adherence and minimize the development of drug-resistant TB strains- which is often fatal and a hundred times more expensive to treat.

through a basic acknowledgment or failure of intake interface on their own portal- facilitating seamless two-way communication on medication intake.

The Problem The current DOTS protocol for tuberculosis (TB) treatment presents several challenges that burden the healthcare system and diminish patient autonomy. The need for daily observation of medication adherence places strain on healthcare facilities, requiring significant resources and personnel for monitoring. This lack of patient autonomy in administering their medication can lead to dependency and intrudes on privacy. Additionally, the requirement for some patients to travel daily to healthcare facilities for observed treatment creates difficulties, particularly for those in remote areas or with limited mobility, resulting in increased financial and time constraints, and the possibility of increasing disease transmission risk.

Our Solution To tackle the burden of daily hospital visits for tuberculosis (TB) medication compliance, we devised a user-friendly mobile/desktop app which functions through daily video-based logging of medication use within the privacy of the patient’s safe space. This approach empowers patients to conveniently monitor their medication intake, eliminating the need for daily travel, especially for those in remote areas with limited healthcare access while the healthcare system is still informed of their daily intake without the intrusion of direct observation by healthcare providers.

By streamlining the medication monitoring process, our digital solution also presents potential cost savings for the healthcare system. Healthcare providers can reallocate their time and resources more efficiently, as they no longer need to conduct daily in-person checks.

The app incorporates Facial recognition and Artificial intelligence technology in ensuring accurate verification of patients and their medication intake process (through a less than 1-minute video recording involving a show of medication, swallowing, and show of an empty mouth) without compromising patient privacy while simultaneously doctors/health care providers can access the app to monitor their patients’ adherence without seeing them do the act

MyMedPartner is built on 6 systems based on responses from Doctors and Patients in TB Endemic Countries: 1. 2. 3.

A reminder system: A personalized alarm system that reminders and cheers patients on taking their medication Patients’ Education System: Daily Personalized messages which inform, directs, and motivates. Motivation System: Through motivation-focused messages and daily, weekly, and monthly streaks. Reward for good behaviour through tokens: Partnership with Zlto tokens which will reward weekly and monthly adherence with tokens that can be used for health-related products only. Patient privacy while the Healthcare system remains informed about patient behavior: Videos are immediately deleted from the server after the system approves if the patient took the medication or not while the healthcare provider portal is also automatically updated. 6) 1st responder and Health system communication system: Patients choose a family or friend whom the app automatically contacts when the patient doesn’t comply and after several misses (3) contacts the healthcare provider.

Value Proposition MyMedpartner aims to increase medication adherence through its offer of patient-centered support, motivation, and privacy all within the comfort of the patient’s personal space without the need to travel daily to adhere to their TB Medication. Description of our Prototype: MyMedPartner aims to revolutionize medication adherence through a patient-centered approach. App Features: Registration: Patients, doctors, or Healthcare providers can create

Figure 1: MyMedPartner app prototype

accounts. Our platform is designed to be prescribed as an option to DOTS at the point of care hence a unique access code that identifies the patient’s Doctor/Healthcare provider is given to each patient as a requirement for registration by their healthcare provider. The homepage offers the following options through a user-friendly drop-down:

• • • • •

“Log Medication”: Patients can easily record videos of themselves taking their medication, utilizing facial recognition and artificial intelligence to verify four essential steps - recognizing their face, the pill, the pill in their mouth, and an empty mouth. “Medication Alarm”: Patients can set personalized medication reminders, ensuring they never miss a dose. “View My Journey”: A visual calendar allows patients to monitor their medication intake progress, marked with ticks on the days they have taken their medication. “Book an Appointment and Report Side Effects”: Patients can report any side effects they experience and schedule appointments for better healthcare management. “Support”: An email address and direct line to reach the tech team enables patients to seek assistance and address any issues they encounter.

Figure 2: MyMedPartner team ready to pitch

Conclusion: MyMedPartner’s patient-centered approach hopes to improve medication adherence, ease the burden of daily hospital attendance, and reduce healthcare system spending while ultimately shaping a healthier future for patients in the fight against Tuberculosis.

Hive To provide HIV/AIDS vulnerable population with appropriate online resources through a chatbot extension that appears on their social media feed. The team:

Lizette Aboue Zainab Mohamed Anna Borasky

The 2023 Global AIDS Update shares encouraging news that the steepest drops in numbers of new infections have been among children and young people (aged 15–24 years), who in recent years have been targeted with effective interventions. However this decline has flattened out because the new ways that young people are interacting requires a change in the methods used to reach them. New prevention interventions should be deployed to address the needs of the new generation. The majority of new HIV infections are among people from key populations, and youth are a crucial population within these groups to reach. The recognized HIV/AIDS vulnerable populations by UNIADs are: gay men and other men who have sex with men, sex workers, transgender people, people who inject drugs and prisoners and other incarcerated people (UNAIDS). Moreover, young people within this age range face unique challenges and vulnerabilities. They are at a higher risk due to the lack of comprehensive sex education and general life skills, which can hinder effective decision-making. This stage of life is characterized by exploration, self-discovery, and curiosity. Unfortunately, young people seeking information about HIV/AIDS may encounter stigma and discrimination, making it more difficult for them to access the support and knowledge they need1. Problem There is inadequate outreach to HIV-vulnerable populations due to stigma and discrimination that hinders the success of current HIV prevention programs. Despite being one of the most researched diseases, and having successful interventions, there is an abundance of knowledge online about HIV/AIDS. However those that need this information the most are the ones not accessing it. There is a gap between the existing platforms of information sharing, like social media apps, and the information itself which makes it harder for vulnerable populations to access it. Solution Our proposed solution will bridge this gap by providing young social media users with easy access to the appropriate resources online through an interactive chatbot. This chatbot extension for existing

1 https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2023/global-aids-update-2023

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applications can identify HIV-vulnerable individuals and connect them with the existing information on HIV/AIDs, in a way that meets them where they are, in a private, secure and freindly way, to reduce stigma and discrimination. Data shows that a significant number of youth are online and on existing platforms of information sharing, such as social media. As of 2022, the youth demographic, particularly those aged 15-24 years old, accounted for a substantial 75% of global internet users. Notably, the distribution varies across continents. In Europe, young people represented an impressive 97% of internet users, while in Africa, they comprised 55% of the internet user base (Statistica). This data underscores the significance of reaching out to young individuals online to provide them with essential information and support. With a specific focus on individuals aged 13-24 years, we strive for an inclusive cross-section among the spectrum of the key populations. Description of Prototype The chatbot is a virtual assistant made to find people at risk for HIV/ AIDS, and connect them to information that they need. The chatbot uses artificial intelligence algorithms to understand user inquiries, provide accurate, personalized responses, and provide recommendations for relevant resource links. Whether the user requires advice, details on harm reduction programs, or private assistance, it is available to assist them in a sympathetic and considerate manner while maintaining their privacy. It is developed using artificial intelligence technologies, including natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning. Value proposition The chatbot, Hive, provides users with no-judgment, private, and friendly discussions with accurate information from credible sources about HIV. Hive removes the stigma, discrimination, and discomfort that young people may experience while seeking information from healthcare providers or trusted and well informed adults. Hive is serving the needs of the young people by meeting them where they are present online (their social media platforms). Hive also eliminates

the need for peer-to-peer learning that is often the route that youth use to learn about thes sensitive topics like HIV. These peer-to-peer interactions although well intentioned they are often misguided, and lead to misinformation and rumors circuling among youth. This is a risk on its own as it may lead to devastating consequences. Furthermore, the Hive chatbot is extremely cost effective. Hive allows for the delivery of tailored information in a variety of contexts within one platform, rather than through separate campaigns. Conclusion Hive, the HIV chatbot designed to connect with young people on social media platforms, holds immense promise in tackling the spread of HIV/AIDS misinformation. With a substantial portion of the youth population actively engaged in social media, the chatbot becomes an accessible and non-intimidating gateway to vital information about HIV. By engaging users in personal, private conversations, the chatbot can address their specific questions, concerns, and misconceptions surrounding HIV/AIDS. It offers confidential and judgmentfree support, making it easier for curious youth to seek information, get tested, and adopt safe practices. Through its interactive and user-friendly approach, the HIV chatbot has the potential to empower young people in taking charge of their sexual health, fostering informed decision-making, and ultimately contributing to the reduction of new HIV infections among this vulnerable demographic.

Figures 1: Team Hive working on the prototype.

Figures 2: Chatbot propo-

Tiny Guardian Groundbreaking USSD-based platform designed to make child antibiotic tracking accessible to all. The team:

Emely Maria Shefa Damilola Oladapo Zitong Zhang

Antimicrobial resistance is a critical global health concern, threatening public health worldwide. In response to this escalating issue, Tiny Guardian emerges as a groundbreaking USSD-based platform (Unstructured Supplementary Service Data). Designed to combat AMR, Tiny Guardian revolutionizes child antibiotic tracking, making it accessible to all, particularly in developing countries. With its secure and user-friendly USSD interface, Tiny Guardian empowers parents, caregivers, and healthcare providers to record and manage antibiotic administration for young children effectively. Problem Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health crisis that poses a significant threat to public health worldwide. Central to combating AMR is the urgent need to address the rampant overuse of antibiotics, which has fueled the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. Children stand out among the vulnerable populations affected by this issue, as the inappropriate prescription of antibiotics has become especially prevalent within this demographic. The consequences of such overuse are particularly concerning, given its potential to contribute to the escalation of chronic diseases. The age group of 0-5 years old is of paramount concern, as young children are frequently prescribed antibiotics for common nonbacterial childhood illnesses. This trend is particularly pronounced in low-resource settings where limited diagnostic tools and access to adequate healthcare structures are constrained. The situation in these regions is critical, as they bear the highest burden of mortality attributed to AMR, with Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia experiencing particularly alarming rates. Collecting high-quality antibiotic usage data is imperative to address overprescription, gain deeper insights into the systemic factors contributing to AMR in young children, and develop sustainable antimicrobial stewardship programs. Regrettably, existing healthcare systems in many developing countries face significant obstacles when it comes to accurately tracking and managing antibiotic administration. A pivotal hurdle in this endeavour is the limited internet access prevalent in these regions. This lack of connectivity obstructs the successful implementation of conventional digital platforms or applications for data collection. Furthermore, the penetration of smartphones is relatively modest, and healthcare facilities may lack

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the necessary infrastructure to support such technologies. The quest for an innovative and inclusive solution becomes even more pressing in light of these challenges. Upon careful evaluation, Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) technology emerges as an optimal solution. USSD has already achieved widespread adoption and usage among diverse populations, rendering it accessible to a vast array of individuals, including those with basic mobile phones. Significantly, this technology operates independently of internet connectivity, enabling data collection and interaction even in areas with limited network coverage. technology emerged as the most viable option. USSD has already gained widespread adoption and usage among people, making it accessible to a vast number of individuals, including those with basic mobile phones. This technology operates independently of internet connectivity, allowing for data collection and interaction even in areas with poor network coverage. By leveraging USSD technology, we can reach a population never before reached by digital health platforms, enabling data collection on antibiotic usage in children aged 0-5, even in the most remote and underserved regions. The adoption of USSD aligns with the World Health Organization’s (WHO) vision of promoting inclusive health for all, ensuring that no child is left behind in the fight against AMR. Introducing TinyGuardian: Revolutionising Child Antibiotic Tracking TinyGuardian is a groundbreaking USSD-based platform designed to make child antibiotic tracking accessible to all, with a special focus on developing countries. Our vision is to address the critical problem of overprescription of antibiotics in children aged 0-5. How it Works: TinyGuardian operates on the USSD technology, allowing users to interact with the platform through a text-based and user-friendly interface. This simplicity ensures that even individuals with basic mobile phones can effortlessly record and manage antibiotic administration for young children with just one click. The process begins with a patient-centered approach. Parents or caregivers hold the primary access to the platform, providing them with the authority to track their child’s antibiotic usage effectively. When a child is prescribed antibiotics, the healthcare provider, typically a doctor, fills out the relevant information in the platform: weight, type of antibiotic, and duration of treatment.

Key Features 1) Universal Reach: One of the most significant advantages of TinyGuardian is its ability to reach the farthest corners of the globe, including regions with limited internet access and technological limitations. 2) Simplicity Redefined: The USSD interface is designed to be intuitive and text-based, eliminating barriers for caregivers and healthcare providers alike. It requires minimal technical knowledge, making it accessible to a wide range of users, regardless of their familiarity with digital technology and literacy. 3) Unique engagement: Tiny Guardian offers a compelling and engaging incentive program to encourage users to start using and continue utilizing our platform. When users update the weight of their child, they receive a reward of 300MB data, fostering a sense of accomplishment and benefit for actively participating in their child’s health tracking. To further drive adoption, we extend the incentive to healthcare providers. Doctors are encouraged to introduce Tiny Guardian to their patients by highlighting its benefits and ease of use. This way, they become advocates for the platform, increasing user enrollment and usage. 4) Secure and Compliant: We prioritize data protection and compliance, ensuring that sensitive health information is safeguarded at all times. User validation is achieved through unique IDs and PINs, ensuring that only authorized users can access and manage their child’s information. This means that we collect only essential data, like contact numbers, for our platform to function effectively. Users can trust that their information is safe with us, allowing them to track their child’s health confidently and securely.

Figure 1: The team

Value proposition Tiny Guardian’s value proposition lies in its ability to revolutionize child antibiotic tracking and improve child health outcomes while offering a scalable and cost-effective solution. Its key features, such as universal reach, simplicity, and data security, address the challenges faced in traditional healthcare systems and apps. Investing in Tiny Guardian means supporting a platform that makes a positive impact on public health, contributes to fighting drug resistance, and leads to significant cost savings in healthcare. The potential to reach millions of children worldwide further enhances its value proposition. Conclusion and next steps Tiny Guardian is on the cusp of implementation, with key preparations in place and a clear roadmap for the future. We have engaged essential stakeholders, meticulously planned development efforts, and conducted thorough cost estimates: As skilled developers are ready to bring TinyGuardian to life, our immediate objective is to proceed with the development phase and conduct a 12-month pilot program in a case country. This pilot phase will serve as a crucial testing ground, allowing us to gather valuable data and feedback for further improvements and fine-tuning. Looking ahead, the long-term goal of Tiny Guardian is to collect substantial data for health advocacy. The alarming prospect of 10 million antimicrobial deaths by 2050, and the staggering estimated global cost of US dollar 100 trillion if nothing is done, underscores the urgency of our mission. As visionaries in healthcare, we invite you to join us in empowering child health with Tiny Guardian. Together, we can make a difference, revolutionizing child antibiotic tracking, and creating a brighter future for our youngest generation on a global scale.

Figure 2 and 3: Tiny Guardian protoype

References Kariuki, S. et al. (2022) Antimicrobial resistance rates and surveillance in Sub-Saharan Africa: Where are we now?, Infection and drug resistance. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/ PMC9273632/ (Accessed: 03 August 2023). Kebede, H.K. et al. (no date) Antimicrobial use in paediatric patients in a teaching hospital in Ethiopia, PLOS ONE. Available at: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0173290 (Accessed: 03 August 2023). Romandini, A. et al. (2021) Antibiotic resistance in pediatric infections: Global emerging threats, predicting the near future, Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland). Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/ PMC8067449/ (Accessed: 03 August 2023). Society, P.I.D. (no date) Pediatric ASP toolkit, Antibiotic Resistance – Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society. Available at: https://pids.org/pediatric-asp-toolkit/outpatient-settings/reasons-for-outpatient-stewardship/antibiotic-resistance/ (Accessed: 03 August 2023)

Kaya x KAYA x is a mobile app which will use machine learning to diversify Physical Education curriculum. The team:

Htet Yamin Koko Diedhiou Moussa Valarie Neema Waswa

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Figure 1: Kaya x model Nowadays, physical inactivity is considered as a normal lifestyle. According to the Global Report of WHO of 2022, 80% of adolescents are not sufficiently active. More cases go unreported, yet the implications of physical inactivity are adverse, from risk of lifestyle diseases to high mortality rates and poor mental wellbeing. This is an article that seeks to expound on KAYAx as a solution that seeks to encourage increased physical and sport activity among children between 5 and 15 years in schools. Problem The reduced physical activity among children and adolescents has become a significant public health concern with several negative consequences. Some of the main problems associated with reduced physical activity in this age group include: 1.

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Obesity and related health issues: Reduced physical activity is a major contributor to childhood obesity. When children and adolescents don’t engage in enough physical activity, they are more likely to gain excess weight, leading to various health problems such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and musculoskeletal issues. Poor cardiovascular health: Lack of physical activity can negatively impact cardiovascular health. Regular exercise helps strengthen the heart and blood vessels, leading to better blood circulation and lower risk of heart diseases. Without enough activity, children and adolescents may experience cardiovascular health problems later in life. Mental health concerns: Reduced physical activity can lead to increased stress levels, decreased mood, and mental health issues among young individuals. Weakened muscles and bones: Regular physical activity is essential for the development of strong muscles and bones in growing children and adolescents. Insufficient activity can lead to weaker bone density and muscle mass, increasing the risk of fractures and other skeletal issues. Academic performance: Studies have shown a positive association between physical activity and academic performance. Reduced physical activity may affect concentration, cognitive abilities, and overall academic achievements of children and adolescents. Social and emotional development: Physical activity often occurs in group settings, providing opportunities for children

and adolescents to interact, build social skills, and develop friendships. Lack of physical activity can lead to social isolation and hinder social and emotional development. Long-term health habits: Childhood and adolescence are crucial periods for forming habits. If physical activity is not encouraged during these formative years, individuals may be less likely to adopt an active lifestyle later in life, perpetuating a cycle of sedentary behavior and associated health issues. Addressing the problem of reduced physical activity among children and adolescents requires a comprehensive approach involving parents, schools, communities, and policymakers. Encouraging regular physical activity through sports, physical education classes, active transportation, and recreational activities can play a vital role in promoting better physical and mental health outcomes for young individuals.

Solution The word “KAYA” is a Burmese term which means ‘body and physical wellness”. The small ‘x’ above the term KAYA means that our app seeks to generate as many diverse physical curricula as possible, and also to show that the app is not just about physical fitness, but about overall health and wellbeing. KAYA x is a mobile app that leverages machine learning to enhance Physical Education curricula by promoting diversity in sports activities. The app aims to motivate students to engage actively in

sports at school while increasing their awareness of the associated health and social benefits. Through personalized recommendations and interactive features, KAYA x encourages students to participate in a wide range of sports, catering to individual preferences and abilities. By using machine learning algorithms, the app can continually adapt and optimize its suggestions, ensuring a dynamic and inclusive experience for all students. Ultimately, KAYA x seeks to foster a positive and active sports culture within schools, promoting physical well-being and social connections among students Description of the prototype The prototype is a diagrammatic representation of how the application will look like; the student page and teacher page, to allow students to key in data on personal information, any underlying health conditions, sports interests and a fitness level test. The teacher’s page will allow the P.E teacher to input information on the number of students per class, available P.E time per week, as well as the teacher’s P. E skills. There will also be a School profile for each school, which includes information such as the name of the school, geographic location of the school, available sports facilities among others. The prototype also shows what the output will look like based on the information provided and through the machine learning algorithm, the app will generate a customized physical education curriculum for different groups of students.

Conclusion KAYA x is a promising mobile app solution to combat the concerning issue of reduced physical activity among children and adolescents. By utilizing machine learning, the app offers a diversified Physical Education curriculum, motivating students to engage in sports activities at school while promoting awareness of the associated health and social benefits. The app’s personalized recommendations and interactive features foster a positive and inclusive sports culture, encouraging students to adopt an active lifestyle that aligns with their interests and abilities. By streamlining the curriculum creation process for Physical Education teachers and incorporating feedback mechanisms, KAYA x aims to efficiently promote physical well-being, academic performance, and social development among the youth. Its emphasis on inclusivity and diversity in sports activities, combined with educational resources, makes KAYA x a potentially impactful tool in nurturing healthier and more active generations.

Value proposition Our solution is efficient as it relies on a machine learning algorithm to generate several personalized physical fitness curricula, which makes the P.E teachers’ work easier, as well as saves a lot of time that could be used to manually create a physical fitness curriculum for the different groups of students. Furthermore, our app will have an in-built survey feature to enable us to obtain feedback from students and teachers to help us continue to improve on the app’s efficiency. The app will also have learning videos on the benefits of physical education as well as the different types of sports activities, including traditional and indigenous sports activities to motivate students to take up more in physical fitness programs in schools, as well as be aware of the positive impacts of physical fitness in their lives. Our solution seeks to diversify fitness activities based on various factors and parameters, and this ensures that students take part in sports activities that they love, but also that is relevant to their health and bodies, and based on the realities of available sports activities in the schools. Our app seeks to be as inclusive as possible. Figure 2: Kaya team members

References Global Fund grants US$37 million to FIND. (2021, August 13). The Global Fund. Retrieved August 9, 2022, from https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/news/2021-08-13- global-fund-grants-usd37-million-to-find-to-advance-tuberculosis-pre-vention-and-control-in-india/ India Health Fund. (n.d.). Global Fund. Retrieved August 9, 2022, from https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/private-ngo-partners/resource-mobili-zation/india-health-fund/ India | The Global Fund. (n.d.). The Global Fund. Retrieved August 9, 2022, from https://www.theglobalfund.org/media/8395/publication_indi- aimpact_report_en.pdf Results Report 2021. (n.d.). The Global Fund. Retrieved August 6, 2022, from https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/results/ World Health Organization. (n.d.). States and UTS accelerate action to end TB by 2025. World Health Organization. Retrieved August 10, 2022, from https://www.who.int/india/news/detail/09-11-2021-statesand-uts-accel-erate-action-to-end-tb-by-2025#:~:text=In%202018%2C%20Prime%20 Minister%20of,(SDG)%20target%20of%202030.

Her menstrual trials Using Blockchain for menstrual health The team:

Jennifer Gutierrez Yáñez Mable Chileshe Zambia Soukaina Morocco

Beyond its reproductive significance, menstruation wields a profound influence on women’s overall health and quality of life. From mood swings and energy levels to skin conditions and appetite fluctuations, the menstrual cycle can orchestrate diverse experiences. Notably, these experiences can vary significantly from one individual to another, emphasising the need for a holistic understanding of the complex interplay between menstruation and various external factors. In this context, the importance of comprehending how different factors affect menstruation and how menstruation, in turn, influences these factors must be considered. Imagine the potential impact of stress, medications, lifestyle choices, and other variables on the delicate harmony of the menstrual cycle. A deeper understanding of these interactions can empower women with personalised insights into their bodies, aiding them in navigating the ebbs and flows of their cycles. Problem Despite being recognised as a crucial field of medical study, the comprehensive exploration of women’s menstrual health faces significant challenges due to the following factors: 1. Societal stigma surrounding menstruation leads to limited open discourse and education. 2. Variability in menstrual experiences poses challenges in standardising research methodologies and generalising findings. 3. Ethical considerations and inclusivity gaps impact recruitment and relevance across diverse populations. 4. The lack of standardised data-sharing platforms inhibits interdisciplinary collaboration and knowledge dissemination. Solution Amid these complex challenges emerges a groundbreaking solution – ‘Her Menstrual Trials.’ This innovative feature harnesses the power of blockchain technology to revolutionise the comprehensive study of women’s menstrual health. By seamlessly integrating surveys and quizzes into the Lunar Menstrual Tracking App, ‘Her Menstrual Trials’ empowers women to contribute their experiences actively, overcoming societal barriers and variability hurdles.

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Through blockchain’s decentralised architecture, this pioneering feature ensures data privacy and security, eliminating stigmaassociated concerns and facilitating inclusive participation. Each completed challenge becomes a building block in a shared knowledge repository, unifying diverse insights and minimising funding disparities. The blockchain-based token system not only incentivises participation but also enables seamless cross-disciplinary collaboration and data sharing. Description of Prototype: The prototype of ‘Her Menstrual Trials’ presents an engaging and user-centric interface that adapts to the diverse landscape of women’s health. Each challenge within the feature is tailored to the specific factor under examination, whether it’s stress, contraceptives, or a myriad of other influences. Users have the autonomy to select challenges aligned with their interests and experiences, allowing for a personalised journey of discovery. As users complete each challenge, they earn tokens, setting the stage for a transformative incentive system. Accumulated tokens can be redeemed for rewards – namely, redeemable discounts on menstrual products of their preference. This innovative approach not only amplifies user engagement but also underscores our commitment to valuing the invaluable contributions of each participant. Value proposition ‘Her Menstrual Trials’ is a dynamic and inclusive platform, offering users the power to shape their Menstrual Health journey while earning meaningful rewards. It bridges the gap between the individual and collective, catalysing a data-driven revolution that enhances our understanding of menstrual health and fortifies the future well-being of women everywhere. Conclusion Blockchain technology has the potential to revolutionise the field of menstrual health research. The HER-Menstrual Trials project aims to bridge the gap between clinical trials and menstrual tracking apps, empowering women to gain a deeper understanding of their bodies while contributing valuable data to advance medical research.

Figure 1: Digital interface protoype

Figure 2: Female participants in the SDG Summer School 2023 contributed to Her menstrual trials final video pitch.

Figure 3: Jennifer, Mable and Soukaina holding the SDGs.

Lagos Challenges 28

CoFaWo Using citizen science to tackle the issues of foodborne and waterborne diseases arising from the consumption of food and water in University campuses. The team:

Moronkeji Babatunde Oluwasegun Aminu Treasure Oreoluwa Ilechukwu Gregory Ikechukwu Rachael David

According to W.H.O. an estimated 600 million in the world fall ill after consuming contaminated food and water with 420,000 recorded deaths every year. In Nigeria, more than 200,000 persons die of food poisoning annually. Most of these statistics are aggregated and there is a need to disaggregate it in order to show the hotspot areas and patterns amongst the people, particularly the University students and how this issue affects their academic performance, productivity, extracurricular activities, and health in general. CoFaWo aims to create a platform where people can report any foodborne and waterborne issues arising from food and water consumption so as to create awareness about the severity and also contribute data to the sustainable development goals (SDGs). Problem Foodborne and waterborne diseases are common on University Campuses but poorly reported. CoFaWo plans to use citizen science and crowdsourcing to collect data on foodborne and waterborne diseases and address the data gaps. Some factors contributing to this situation include improper food handling practices, harmful bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens contaminating the water and food we consume. By involving citizens in the data collection process, we aim to enhance our understanding of the problem and work towards finding effective solutions to ensure safer water and food for everyone. Solution Data collection We will be collecting data on the number of cases of foodborne and waterborne diseases that arises from the consumption of water and food. This data can be used to know areas where this issue occurs, the severity of the problem and the implications on the University students’ academic performance and productivity. In addition, it will help to create awareness about water and food safety in the University community. The data will be collected using different tools such as Visual Cit, CS Builder, Epicollect and Social-media and the validation of the data will be done using AI. This will allow the data to be open source and accessible to everyone for research, policy, and planning. Awareness Campaign Existing facts show that food consumers, sellers, policy makers and regulatory bodies lack data at community level to adequately address water and food safety related issues. CoFaWo will use evidence generated through this platform to create awareness about

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contaminated food and water and how it affects university students’ academic performance, productivity and general well-being. Status of the Project We have conducted a pilot study among the students of the University of Lagos during the YOMA Summer School. We reached out to over 50 students via Google form. The results of the analyses reveal that 98% of the respondents admitted to having had food poisoning after eating out. We also visited the Department of Works to source information about the policies and regulations regarding food and water safety in the school. We are currently building a website where people can continuously report issues of foodborne and waterborne diseases and the generated data will be shared to appropriate bodies such as the University medical centres, the management, and public health agencies for actions. This will help to tackle the issue of foodborne and waterborne diseases and create a better environment for learning and educational activities. Description of Prototype The CoFaWo is a web-based platform which will be a self-reporting platform where citizens in the university communities can continuously contribute data by reporting their lived experiences on foodborne and waterborne illnesses. Different datatypes from citizens including environmental, social, economic and locational data can be collected and added to the platform. This platform will also enable users to access data for different purposes including research, policy and planning. With various functionalities on the platform, it will enable users to analyse and visualise data to gain different insights into different aspects of foodborne and waterborne illnesses. The platform will be standardised according to global data privacy policy standards and allow agreement options for the user. Value proposition • This will help improve the health and wellbeing of the people. • It will reduce the need and the population of people seeking medical care. • It will also reduce foodborne and waterborne diseases as well as absenteeism from school which will lead to increased school attendance, academic performance, and productivity thereby contributing to SDGs 3 & 6. Conclusion • The health and safety of the students, staff, and community is at risk. Contaminated water and food can lead to a number of

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serious health problems, including diarrhea, vomiting, and food poisoning. These problems can be especially serious for young children, the elderly, and people with poor immune systems. The cost of treating waterborne and foodborne illnesses is high. The cost of treating these illnesses can be significant, both for the individual and for the healthcare system as a whole. The reputation of the university is at stake. If the university is not seen as taking steps to protect the health and safety of its students, staff, and community, it could damage its reputation. This could make it more difficult to attract students and staff, and it could also lead to legal liability. The environment is at risk. Contaminated water and food can pollute the environment, which can have a negative impact on the health of the community and the natural resources. Visit the CoFaWo website here! Figure 1: The team

Figure 2: Prototype

WaSHMonitor We aim to promote and motivate better sanitation and hygiene practices in vulnerable communities in Lagos metropolis. The team:

Adeusi Adedolapo Esther Onasanya Oluwademilade Olusegun Solomon Abdul-Awwal Fatimah

In traditional African societies, we used to have community sanitary inspectors known as WoleWole whose duties were to enforce sanitation and hygiene in the communities. This practice has been neglected by successive authorities. The value of community-led sanitation inspection which was human-driven promoted healthy living among residents in communities. WaSHMonitor will be technology-driven water and sanitation hygiene platform which draws inspiration from that traditional practice. WaSHMonitor prototype has been created and has been used to conduct a pilot study in a nearby community “Ebute”. Data has been collected on the situation of sanitation and hygiene practices in the community. We are currently building a web-based application where people can contribute data on sanitation and hygiene problems in their various communities. Problem Poor water, sanitation and hygiene including the presence of open defecation points and indiscriminate refuse dumps in Lagos Metropolis are leading to the breeding and spread of mosquitoes, diseases and toilet infections especially in women and children. Data on these indices are often aggregated which makes vulnerable communities to be masked. Solution Collect Data WaSHMonitor seeks to collect, access and validate data on water, sanitation and hygiene in communities to provide community-level data for health agencies, practitioners, organizations (Public, private and governmental) for policy, planning and implementation purposes. Build Platform Tools such as Visual Cit, CS Builder, Epicollect and Social-media will be used for data collection, awareness, and education while AI will be used for validation of the geo-location of contributed images from the communities. Mobilize Volunteers We will also leverage on physical consultation whereby everyone can fundamentally relate in English, pidgin or any other local languages. The volunteers would be responsible for data entry, interpretation and transfer. Educate Communities The core WaSHMonitor technical team would handle data analysis which will be stored on a central database for collation. The analysed data will also be used to educate communities on proper sanitation and hygiene by team WaSHMonitor for improved health.

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Status of the Project We’ve developed a prototype for the WaSHMonitor initiative, followed by a pilot study conducted in the nearby slum community of ‘Ebute’ during the summer school program, 2023. This effort allowed us to collect vital data on issues related to open refuse and open defecation. We carried out insightful interviews with community members to gain a deeper understanding of how these challenges affect their daily lives. Currently, we’re in the process of creating a website platform for WaSHMonitor. This platform will enable the WaSHMonitor community to continuously generate and upload data from various communities. This data will be openly accessible to all, including government entities, corporations, and individuals interested in addressing these urgent concerns. Description of Prototype WasHMonitor is a web-based platform, which is available online and accessible to anyone with using PC and smart devices. Users will insert the app URL into the search bar to open the landing page. The app comes with a function which allows users to click and to take pictures. In addition, it contains pre-loaded research questions for respondents to supply some information. Inbuilt maps to pinpoint and capture geographical data are embedded in the app. The app also has upload function to submit data to the backend. It also contains dashboard with filtering capabilities for data mining and retrieval ondemand. Value proposition • Behavioral Change: encourage and motivate the communities into maintaining Open Defecation-free zones using rewardbased systems. • Awareness: - create awareness on social-media platforms such as Goodwall and physical engagement with people in Lagos Metropolis on the dangers of open defecation points, indiscriminate refuse dumping and illegal refuse burning. • Education: - Incentivize courses on platforms like Yoma and Goodwall to promote good sanitation practices • Empowerment: - empower children and youth through volunteerism in data collection and sharing processes. • Evidence Based Decision Making: - Provide reliable data for informed policy and intervention. • Improved Sanitation and Health: - Address water, sanitation and hygiene challenges for better community well-being.

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Community Inclusion: -empower communities in citizen science to contribute data to SDG using open platforms. Conclusion The impact of WaSHMonitor in communities include improved water access, enhanced health practices, behavioral change and hygiene promotion, evidence based decision-making and advocacy. Additional data collection, development of web-based application, and building partnerships, impact monitoring and evaluation are the next steps for WaSHMonitor. Fill out the WaSHMonitor survey here!

Figure 1: The team

Figure 2: Prototype

DonateWater Aimed at providing potable water all year round for target rural communities in Nigeria faced with the challenge of accessing potable water. The team:

Olusegun Solomon Rachael David Francisca Timothy Daniel Ugwu

DonateWater aims to address data gap at the community level, which is required to eliminate climate change impact preventing access to potable water all year round. We earlier did pilot study in random sampling within three geo-political rural zones of Nigeria. It was successful. The National Statistical Office, France validated, substantiated and evaluated the data collected. We proceed to customize Citizen Science application called DonateWater. We deployed the mobile application during the SDG Summer School at University of Lagos. Several users used the android-app to profile water sources and their locations on the field within a community in the Lagos metropolis. Problem According to UN data, 8 out of 10 people who lack basic drinking water service live in rural areas, and about half of them live in least developed countries (LDCs). Previous studies statistics show that over 70% households in rural communities rely solely on nature-supplied water such as rivers, perennial streams, water ponds and unprotected wells. Which sometimes dry up during dry seasons. Women and children withstand the worst of this due to socio-cultural settings and norms. They are forced to rise early to go in search of water, travelling miles. There are risks of molestation, kidnappings, territorial dispute and often, terminal diseases. Water facilities are either non-existent or abandoned. Their social and economic lives suffer due to this. As water, being a basic right of everyone is central to human activities and lifestyles. Solution We are bridging the sheer lack of evidence-based decisions and solutions, which tells the true and practical reality of accessibility to potable and clean water and the impact, both social and economic, on the lives of the residents of these communities within Nigeria. We believe provision of true data-based revelations will mobilize the right kind of solution for the communities’ lack of access to potable water all year round irrespective of prevailing climate change impact. We are doing it with Citizen generated data through crowdsourcing to get the public to contribute valuable data. We will profile water sources, locations, status, and seasonal adaptation by the population. The data will be open, shared, used by identified action takers. Description of Prototype We have a customized DonateWater mobile application to profile water sources, location, and their coordinates. The app is Android and iOS compatible. Multiple types of map integration for collecting

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accurate coordinates and tracking. One-click camera function to capture visual evidence of the object. It works in both offline and online mode. Allowing for temporary storage of profiled water sources for upload later. There is a backend presentation Dashboard, easily accessible and open. Same platform is used for viewing, manual validation and vetting at this time. Artificial Intelligence integration is scheduled for later delivery to perform automated validation and verification to curb falsifiable data contributions. There is integrated token-based system or token economy implemented via Blockchain technology to reward users on the DonateWater application. Data privacy is built into the solution to comply with national and global data rules and protection standards using terms and agreement option for the user. Value proposition • Reducing travel time and stress for women and children, who often bear the burden of water collection due to socio-cultural practices, and are frequently the most affected • Evidence-based, validated and reliable research data on water availability, accessibility and quality within rural communities. • Contribution of open and public data for use by researchers, water agencies and other social amenities enablers within Nigeria. We will drive effective deployment of water infrastructure by local and regional government. Reduce gender-based vulnerability to environmental danger and disaster. Learning of children will not cease. Eliminate diseases exposure and economic impact. Key players can adopt the community-level dispersed data and contribute to SDGs – 6, 5, 3, 13, and 10 and related targets. It will be used to evaluate and promote impact of citizen science in Nigeria and Africa at large. Conclusion Water is not a luxury, it should not be. It is a basic need for social and economic thriving. By 2030, we must achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all. We deployed the Beta version of our solution. We crowdsourced water and sanitation data in the selected test community within Lagos called “Ebute” during the SDG summer school. We achieved local participation, community youths engagement while driving potential volunteers collaboration. The next steps are, bug fixes, token economy deployment and integration, plugging into the YOMA platform, and improve the research questions loaded on DonateWater.

Figure 1:Activities within the framework of the Summer School in Lagos

Figure 2: Prototype

Nairobi Challenges 36

AQUATECH Utilizing citizen data and sensor technology to monitor fluctuations of water quality and quantity The team:

Ichor Joshua K. Simali Dickson O. Jenifer Alumn Luvuno M’mbetsa

Water scarcity is vulnerable in Sub Saharan African communities as a result of poor maintenance of borehole infrastructures therefore AQUATECH has developed a citizen science technology that utilizes citizen data and sensor technology to monitor fluctuations of water quality and quantity and give precise data that will enable local community member to predicts future maintenance of their water infrastructures, increasing water security in local areas and reduce cases of poor hygiene in rural areas. The main objective of project Aquatech is to develop a technology that would be able to monitor fluctuations of water quantity and quality and provide real time data that helps the local community residence have easy access to clean water, and also mitigate water scarcity, by training the community members on sustainable water practices, and use the data available in the AQUATECH application Problem Over 700 million people according to the UNDP, lack access to clean drinking water, and over 200million people in different rural areas are borehole dependent, not forgetting a third of the boreholes are the one being depended on, making a drastic gap on the hygiene of the community which directly put water security at risk. Over the past few years water insecurity has established many deaths and subsequent losses on agriculture, resulting to an economical, thus the development project Aquatech to help communities become water secure. Solution To address this water challenges, we have designed a citizen science technology to facilitate data collection on water in rural communities. We have built the Aquatech app which allows citizens to contribute data on their water infrastructure and also report water infrastructure dysfunctionalities we have also developed a cutting-edge water monitoring sensor designed to detect and report borehole dysfunctions remotely with accuracy and precision. Our user-friendly mobile app based on the concept of citizen science, enables local residents to actively participate in monitoring and documenting borehole failures. The sensor, integrated into the borehole infrastructure, continuously monitors its functionality, detecting any signs of malfunction or potential issues. Once a problem is identified, the sensor promptly

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sends real-time alerts to the mobile app, which serves as a central platform for data collection and visualization. This allows community members, water authorities, and relevant stakeholders to access critical information on the status of various boreholes in the region. Furthermore, we understand that technological solutions alone may not be sufficient to address the problem. As part of our comprehensive approach, we believe in empowering the community through education and training. To that end, we conduct in-person workshops and training sessions, equipping local residents with the necessary knowledge and skills to perform minor repairs and maintenance tasks on the boreholes. By combining advanced technology, citizen engagement, and capacity building, our initiative aims to create a sustainable and impactful solution for the water scarcity challenges faced by vulnerable communities in Sub-Saharan Africa. Through proactive monitoring, timely repairs, and community involvement, we strive to enhance the reliability and longevity of borehole infrastructures, ensuring a more reliable and accessible water supply for the well-being and prosperity of the entire community. Description of Prototype So far, our prototype consists of a Mobile application which allows citizens to contribute citizen science data and also receive training on sustainable water practices and citizen science for water. We have also Built the Aquatech sensor shield and tested it. The work of the sensor is to collect data on water functionality and report above normal values detected. Value proposition Improved Water Access: By addressing the issue of poor maintenance of borehole infrastructures, our sensor and mobile app solution will lead to more reliable and functional water sources in vulnerable Sub-Saharan African communities. This, in turn, will enhance water access for residents, reducing water scarcity, and improving overall community health and well-being. Real-time Monitoring and Alerts: The sensor’s ability to detect and report borehole dysfunctions in real-time provides a proactive approach to maintenance. With timely alerts sent to the mobile app, local water authorities and community members can quickly respond to potential issues, minimizing downtime and ensuring that repairs are carried out promptly.

Empowerment through Citizen Science: The mobile app’s citizen science approach empowers the community to actively participate in monitoring and documenting borehole failures. By involving residents in the data collection process, the project fosters a sense of ownership and responsibility, encouraging a more sustainable and community-driven solution to water infrastructure maintenance. Return on Investment (ROI): The return on investment for this project can be measured in various ways: Economic Savings: Improved borehole maintenance leads to reduced downtime and fewer major repairs, resulting in cost savings for the community and local authorities. Additionally, a more reliable water supply can boost agricultural productivity, supporting livelihoods and economic development in the region. Health and Well-being: Access to clean and reliable water is vital for public health. By mitigating water scarcity and potential contamination from malfunctioning boreholes, the project can help reduce waterborne diseases, leading to better health outcomes and potentially lowering healthcare costs. Sustainable Development: The project’s citizen science approach and in-person repair training foster community engagement and capacity building. This can lead to a more sustainable solution as the local population takes an active role in the upkeep of the boreholes, reducing the need for external interventions and contributing to long-term community resilience. Social Impact: The project can have a significant social impact by improving living conditions, empowering communities, and promoting gender equality, as women and girls are often disproportionately affected by water scarcity issues. Environmental Benefits: By preventing water wastage and promoting efficient use of resources through timely maintenance, the project can contribute to environmental conservation and water resource management. Overall, the ROI of this project extends beyond monetary gains, encompassing social, health, environmental, and community development aspects. As water access improves, the quality of life in these vulnerable communities can significantly enhance, paving the way for a more sustainable and prosperous future. Conclusion Water is a fundamental human right, and ensuring access to clean and reliable water sources is essential for sustaining life and promoting overall well-being. By tackling the issue of borehole dysfunctions, we can significantly improve water access and availability for these marginalized communities, thereby safeguarding their health and dignity. The innovative sensor and citizen science-based mobile app present a transformative solution to proactively monitor boreholes and detect malfunctions in real-time. This approach empowers the local community to actively participate in monitoring their water sources, fostering a sense of ownership and responsibility. Through citizen engagement, we not only address the immediate water infrastructure challenges but also cultivate a sustainable model for ongoing maintenance and long-term resilience.

Moreover, the project’s focus on in-person training for borehole repairs not only improves technical skills within the community but also creates opportunities for local job creation and economic development. By equipping community members with the knowledge and expertise to perform minor repairs, we reduce dependency on external interventions, saving valuable time and resources. Furthermore, solving the problem of poor borehole maintenance directly contributes to environmental conservation. Timely repairs and maintenance reduce water wastage and ensure the efficient use of precious water resources. This, in turn, helps mitigate environmental degradation and supports sustainable water management practices. Lastly, by providing a reliable and consistent water supply, the project enables communities to pursue livelihood activities, such as agriculture and small-scale enterprises, with greater confidence and success. This socio-economic impact can have a positive ripple effect on poverty reduction and community development, breaking the cycle of vulnerability and creating opportunities for a brighter future. In summary, solving the water scarcity problem caused by poor borehole maintenance is imperative because it not only addresses a basic human need but also empowers communities, enhances environmental sustainability, and fosters socio-economic progress. By leveraging innovative technology, citizen involvement, and capacity building, we can pave the way for lasting positive change in Sub-Saharan African communities, ensuring a healthier, more prosperous, and resilient future for all.

Figure 1 and 2: The protoype and the team

REJESHA MAJI Using open science methodologies for data collection to assess the impact of policies around water management in vulnerable communities in Kenya in relation to SDG 6. The team:

Lilian Letingiso Patrick Kinuthia Hatungimana Ephrem Eunice Wangari

Our project endeavors to employ open science principles to evaluate the influence of water management policies on vulnerable communities, with a specific focus on Kalobeyei Camp in Kenya. The camp accommodates a substantial population of refugees and internally displaced individuals, making it a crucial case study for understanding the difficulties faced by vulnerable communities in accessing clean water and sanitation. By adopting open science methodologies, our aim is to ensure transparency, collaboration, and reproducibility in both data collection and analysis processes. This approach will generate robust evidence to inform policy decisions and interventions for improved water management practices in Kalobeyei Camp, aligning with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6: Clean Water and Sanitation. Problem Turkana West Sub County, the location of Kalobeyei settlement, has experienced prolonged drought, leading to severe implications for food sufficiency, particularly in the community’s kitchen gardens. Historically a vital grazing area for livestock, the region now faces acute water scarcity and food insecurity due to the prolonged dry spell. The residents of the Kalobeyei settlement rely heavily on just two boreholes and one pipeline for their water supply, leaving them vulnerable as the reliability of these water sources becomes increasingly uncertain. Consequently, compromised agricultural productivity in their kitchen gardens exacerbates the community’s food insufficiency. Solution To address the water scarcity and food insufficiency challenges faced by the inhabitants of the Kalobeyei settlement, particularly during drought seasons, we propose the implementation of a greywater cleaning and reuse system. This system will promote the optimal and efficient use of limited water resources by treating and reusing greywater generated from various household activities, such as gardening. The treated greywater will be reused for essential purposes, specifically watering kitchen garden plants, thus improving agricultural productivity. The information about water scarcity and food insufficiency challenges was acquired from Kalobeyei SocioEconomic Development Plan (KISEDP) Progress Report 2018-2022.

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The project has three main objectives: 1. To conserve and optimize water resources by treating and reusing greywater for non-potable purposes, such as irrigation in kitchen gardens. 2. To enhance food security within the community by improving agricultural productivity in kitchen gardens. 3. To empower community members to actively participate in water management practices and take ownership of the greywater cleaning and reuse system. The success of the project will be measured by its positive impact on water availability, agricultural yields, community engagement, and overall well-being within the settlement. Ultimately, the project aims to contribute to the sustainable development and resilience of the vulnerable community in the face of water scarcity and food insufficiency challenges. Description of Prototype The prototype of the greywater cleaning and reuse system is designed to address the water scarcity and food insufficiency challenges faced by the Kalobeyei settlement in Turkana West Sub County. This sustainable and innovative solution treats and reuses greywater generated from household activities such as dishwashing, laundry, and bathing. The system aims to optimize water resources, improve agricultural productivity in kitchen gardens, and enhance overall community resilience. Components of the Prototype Greywater Collection Network: The prototype includes tanks to collect greywater from households within the settlement and efficiently channel it to a centralized treatment facility. 1.

Greywater Treatment Facility: At the heart of the prototype is a state-of-the-art treatment facility equipped with advanced filtration, biological processes, and disinfection technologies to efficiently remove impurities, pollutants, and contaminants from the greywater, making it safe for reuse. Water Storage Tanks: The treated greywater is stored in water storage tanks before distribution to kitchen gardens, ensuring a steady and reliable supply of water for irrigation, especially during periods of low water availability.

Distribution Network: The prototype includes a well-designed distribution network that delivers treated greywater to the kitchen gardens in the settlement, ensuring equitable water distribution and facilitating efficient irrigation practices. Smart Monitoring System: The system will be equipped with a smart monitoring system that continuously measures and analyzes water quality, flow rates, and usage patterns to optimize system performance and identify potential issues promptly. Community Interface: The prototype includes a user-friendly community interface that provides residents with real-time information about water supply, usage guidelines, and system status. This interface also allows community members to provide feedback and actively engage in water management practices.

Value Proposition The implementation of the greywater cleaning and reuse system in the Kalobeyei settlement offers a compelling value proposition, effectively addressing water scarcity and food insufficiency challenges faced by the community. The project aims to create lasting positive impacts on the settlement’s well-being, environment, and overall development. Conclusion In conclusion, the greywater cleaning and reuse system project in Kalobeyei settlement stands as a beacon of hope, transforming the lives of its inhabitants and showcasing the potential of collaborative efforts in achieving sustainable development. The success of this project reaffirms the power of innovative approaches in addressing pressing global challenges and serves as a reminder of the importance of community engagement, empowerment, and environmental stewardship in creating a better world for all.

Paris Challenges 42

AirWise: Airbook Building upon our core objective of developing a cutting-edge portable air sensor capable of measuring PM 2.5, CO, CO2, VOC, Temperature, and Humidity The team:

Jeany Han Kwesi Nakotey Gideon Wei Hu

The AirBook project aims to develop and deploy a portable air quality monitoring system that measures PM 2.5, CO, CO2, VOC, Temperature, and Humidity. This initiative strives to raise public awareness about the importance of monitoring air quality and its direct impact on human health, environmental sustainability, and climate change. By empowering local communities with accessible air quality data, the project seeks to drive proactive engagement in adopting sustainable practices and fostering positive environmental changes. Additionally, AirBook aligns with Sustainable Development Goals 3, 11, and 13 by promoting public health, supporting sustainable urban planning, addressing climate change through monitoring greenhouse gas emissions, democratizing air quality monitoring through citizen science, and cultivating collaborative solutions with various stakeholders. Through technological advancements and global outreach, AirBook aims to contribute to a cleaner, healthier, and more sustainable world for present and future generations. Problem Traditional monitoring systems are often expensive and sparse, leading to data gaps, particularly in remote areas. This lack of comprehensive data hinders effective decision-making and interventions to address air pollution. Additionally, the increasing prevalence of air pollutants from various sources poses significant health risks, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Without accessible and accurate air quality information, individuals are left unaware of potential risks, limiting their ability to take proactive measures to protect their health. Solution AirBook was developed to bridge this gap by providing an affordable and user-friendly solution for real-time data collection. By empowering communities with vital information, AirBook aims to advocate for cleaner air and contribute to a healthier, more sustainable future. Moreover, AirBook’s ability to measure greenhouse gas emissions like CO2 and VOCs addresses the environmental impact of air pollution on climate change. By tracking these pollutants, the project aids in devising effective climate action strategies and mitigating the effects of global warming. Through the provision of accessible and accurate air quality data, AirBook empowers communities to be proactive in protecting their health and well-being. Armed with this knowledge, individuals can take informed actions to reduce exposure to pollutants, advocate for cleaner air, and work towards a healthier and more sustainable future for all.

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Figure 1: Sketching process Description of Prototype AirBook is an innovative air quality monitoring project that aims to tackle the critical issue of air pollution. Our mission is to create a portable and affordable air sensor capable of measuring PM 2.5, CO, CO2, VOCs, Temperature, and Humidity. By providing real-time and accurate air quality data, AirBook empowers communities to make informed decisions, advocate for cleaner air, and safeguard public health. Through cutting-edge technology and community engagement, we strive to create a healthier and more sustainable future for everyone.

Figure 2: Building process

Figure 3: Sensors Components of the Prototype AirBook incorporates a carefully curated set of components to create an efficient and comprehensive air quality monitoring system. The project utilizes the following components: 1.

MQ-9 Sensor: This gas sensor is specifically designed to detect carbon monoxide (CO) levels in the air, providing crucial data on this hazardous pollutant. 2. PPD42 Dust Sensor: The particulate matter (PM 2.5) sensor, PD42, plays a vital role in measuring fine particulate pollutants, which can significantly impact respiratory health. 3. Air Quality CCS811: This sensor combines the capability to measure both carbon dioxide (CO2) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), giving insight into indoor air quality and potential sources of pollution. 4. Temperature and Humidity Sensor: These sensors measure environmental conditions, providing valuable context to the air quality data collected. 5. Fan: The fan is utilized to draw in ambient air, ensuring a constant flow for accurate readings from the integrated sensors. 6. Battery Power: The system operates on a 5V battery, providing a portable and self-sustaining power source for the sensors and other components. 7. Display:TFT Screen: Provides a visual interface to view real-time air quality data and system status. 8. Casing and Design:Plywood: Used to construct the outer casing, shaping it into the form of a book. The plywood design adds aesthetics and aligns with the project’s sustainability focus. 9. ON/OFF Buttons: Two ON/OFF buttons are incorporated to control the device, allowing users to initiate data collection and manage power usage efficiently. 10. Neopixel Light: Displays 3 different colors corresponding to each index value of the air quality, providing intuitive visual cues for quick interpretation.

Figure 4: The team

Conclusion: In conclusion, the AirBook project has been a bold and transformative endeavor in addressing the critical issue of air pollution and its farreaching consequences. Despite encountering challenges, including the inability to embed the NO2 sensor within the given time span, the project has successfully developed a prototype portable air quality monitoring system. This prototype incorporates a range of advanced sensors, such as the MQ-9 sensor for CO, PPD42 dust sensor for PM 2.5, and the Air Quality CCS811 sensor for CO2 and VOCs, along with environmental sensors for temperature and humidity measurement. Additionally, a fan, 5V battery, 2 ON/OFF buttons, and a TFT screen display have been integrated, while a meticulously designed plywood casing in the shape of a book adds both aesthetics and sustainability to the project. Though the NO2 sensor implementation encountered setbacks, the project’s determination to create an accessible and user-friendly solution remains resolute. This prototype serves as a foundation for future improvements, and the team is committed to enhancing accuracy, stability, and competitiveness to match existing products available in the market.

Figure 5: The team Despite being a prototype, AirBook’s design and functionality have already demonstrated significant potential for driving awareness and empowering communities to make informed decisions about air quality. The project’s aspiration to foster a healthier and more sustainable future is evident, and the journey towards a more stable and accurate system is promising. As the AirBook project continues to evolve and refine, it holds the potential to become a game-changer in the field of air quality monitoring, impacting public health, environmental sustainability, and climate action. With a strong commitment to continuous improvement, the team is poised to create a more comprehensive and impactful solution, revolutionizing the way air quality is monitored and fostering a positive change for the world.

PLAYPETTE Using gamification to improve the accessibility and quality of scientific education The team:

Oscar Simon Olympio Mensah Ying Feng (Rachel) Jingwen Lin (Eva)

Partner:

In many schools, theoretical knowledge is predominantly taught within classrooms, leaving practical laboratory skills in subjects like biology and chemistry often underemphasized. Unfortunately, limited resources and high costs prevent most high schools from establishing fully equipped labs. Moreover, most students find learning laboratory skills boring and tend to avoid these areas. Learning how to properly use laboratory equipment is important for safety as well as for a better understanding of the subject,hence the need for ways to increase the popularity of laboratory classes in schools and to enhance the depth of learning for the achievement of quality education. Problem Through interviews with high school students, we discovered that even during lab classes, they seldom have the opportunity to use most of the instruments, for it is too expensive and too technical for beginners. And we’ve noticed, the micropipette—a crucial instrument in carrying out experiments, is seldom used in high schools’ science practice class. And we found that the process of integrating theory and practice is often monotonous, causing them to overlook important details. Addressing these challenges, our project aims to create a gamified and user-friendly pipette specifically designed for beginners in the classroom. Understanding that pipettes are commonly used in laboratories, we recognize their expensive nature and susceptibility to damage when mishandled by novices. By transforming the use of a pipette into a game-like experience reminiscent of using a controller, learners will become familiar with the instrument’s usage guidelines and precautions without even realizing they are studying. By introducing this innovative educational tool, our goal is to bring high-quality education and enjoyable learning experiences into the classroom, inspire creativity, and simplify biology education for a wider audience. Solution The solution we propose is to design and develop a gamified and userfriendly pipette specifically tailored for beginners in the classroom. By incorporating game-like elements into the learning process, we aim to make using the pipette an engaging and enjoyable experience for

Figure 1: 3D Prototype high school students. This innovative educational tool will bridge the gap between theory and practice, providing learners with a hands-on opportunity to apply their theoretical knowledge in a practic al setting. To address the issue of limited access to fully equipped labs, our gamified pipette will be affordable and easily accessible to schools with constrained resources. The design will prioritize durability and resistance to mishandling, reducing the risk of damage by novices. This approach ensures that students can have regular and safe access to the pipette, fostering familiarity with its usage guidelines and precautions. By integrating interactive elements and challenges reminiscent of using a controller in a game, the pipette’s usage will be transformed into a fun and immersive experience. Students will learn to use the pipette effectively without even realizing they are studying, making the process of learning scientific concepts and laboratory skills less daunting and more enjoyable. Furthermore, the gamified pipette will encourage creativity and

Value of the outcome Albert Einstein once said “Play is the highest form of research”, we want to make the boring experimental process into fun games, through this tool, students can simply manipulate the pipette gun to manipulate the game, through the game’s prompts, as well as to observe the change of the water level in the game, can help students better understand the operation of the pipette gun to help them remember the 2 stops and the steps of removing the pipette gun tip. By gamifying the process, it enables laboratory novices to gain transferrable scientific skills while having fun to ensure easy and quick adaptation in the real lab settings. This improves teaching efficiency, and reduces the error rate of the experiment. The idea can also be adapted for other lab equipment, which can ultimately provide a better and easier education for students in colleges and universities.

Figure 2: Prototype problem-solving, as students navigate through different levels and scenarios in their experiments. The engaging nature of the tool will foster a deeper understanding of scientific principles, improving knowledge retention and practical application. The implementation of this innovative educational tool will not only address the challenges identified but also inspire a passion for science and biology among a wider audience. By simplifying biology education and making it more accessible, we aim to empower students to explore the world of science confidently, nurturing the scientists and innovators of tomorrow. Additionally, teachers can leverage this tool to enhance their teaching methods and create a dynamic learning environment within the classroom. By combining affordability, durability, and engaging gameplay, we hope to bring high-quality education and enjoyable learning experiences to classrooms, ultimately promoting a deeper understanding and appreciation for scientific subjects among students.

Conclusion We have successfully developed a gamified and user-friendly pipette, integrating science and gaming principles to provide an immersive experience where the operation of the pipette is visually represented on a computer. However, cost optimization remains a priority as we aim to make this innovative educational tool more affordable, particularly for resource-constrained areas. As the next step, we are committed to simplifying the instrument’s design without compromising its functionality, ensuring its suitability for implementation in areas with limited resources. Furthermore, we recognize the importance of aligning the game elements with scientific principles. Our ongoing objective is to enhance the scientific accuracy and rigor of the game, ensuring that the virtual simulations closely mirror real-life laboratory procedures and scientific methodologies. By doing so, we aim to make the research process more engaging and enjoyable, thus enabling a greater number of beginners to comprehend the allure of experimental subjects. Ultimately, our mission is to provide a more efficient and effective educational approach that captivates students and instills a deep appreciation for scientific inquiry.

Description of the prototype We have undertaken a comprehensive modification of an existing pipette by incorporating a linear potentiometer and DM1 push button. The potentiometer facilitates the measurement and quantification of the pipette’s movement, discerning its two distinct stopping points as valuable data points. Simultaneously, we have integrated the DM1 push button with the pipette’s tube removal functionality, enabling the quantification of this operation as well. This ingenious combination results in the transformation of the pipette into a functional game controller, facilitating character movement both upwards and downwards and providing two distinct downward actions. Both sensors are connected to an Arduino board which receives readings and translates them based on written code. The model comes with an accompanying simple 2D game coded with Processing. Moreover, the pipette can now be manipulated seamlessly within or outside the game, effectively adding a new dimension to its utility. Figure 3: Digital prototype

Launching an SDG Olympiad The SDG Summer Schools in 2024 and beyond The five SDG Summer Schools described in this SDGZine, held across Africa, Asia and Europe, were part of a pilot program for a future year-long event, the SDG Olympiad, that will be launched in 2024 to coincide with the year of the Paris Olympics. Thanks to support from the 4EU+ Alliance, several students undertook research over the summer to establish how SDG Summer Schools could be scaled up to a truly global and year-long event. The SDG Olympiad is conceived as a four-step competition for youth, based on concrete challenges set by experts from UN agencies and researchers from top academic institutions. At the core of the SDG Olympiad is a simple but bold idea: young people have the ability to use open source tools and methodologies for tackling the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in their communities. The theme of the SDG Olympiad is open source health solutions, stretching from human health challenges like treating infectious diseases to planetary health challenges like providing climate resilience to vulnerable communities. At successive steps of the SDG Olympiad, youth teams pitch their solutions, develop robust prototypes, deploy the results and find ways to sustain their impact, all the while growing their entrepreneurial confidence and their teamwork skills. The four steps of the SDG Olympiad - Propose, Pitch, Prototype and Produce – are meant to last a whole year, and have all been tried and tested. At the heart of this

innovation cycle is the SDG Summer School, which will provide teams with enough time and support to help them turn a great idea into a practical prototype. The impact of the SDG Olympiad is planned to be fourfold as illustarted in the diagram below: Creating Quality Data: UN agencies and national statistical offices have established that citizen-gathered data strengthens reporting and monitoring at all levels, from communities to local decision makers, to governments. Scaling Up Solutions: Teams develop replicable and scalable citizen science solutions that can be used in many similar contexts. Open tools and digital content shared freely across countries promotes interoperability and avoids reinventing wheels. Developing Youth Leadership: Through handson problem solving, coaches and mentors enable a new generation of young social and environmental entrepreneurs to have an impact on data-driven decisionmaking. Enhancing Digital Literacy: Participatory methodologies facilitate community involvement in collecting, evaluating and communicating information. This improves the confidence and well-being of the young people who launch these projects, as well as contributing to their future employability.

On the last day of the SDG Summer School, a special cocreation session for the SDG Olympiad was organized in Geneva and online, with participants from the International Olympic Committee, UNESCO’s International Bureau of Education, The LEGO Foundation’s Children’s General Assembly, Fondation Botnar, Partisia Foundation, the Global Fund, Goodwall and over 10 representatives of Universities in Africa, Asia and Europe. This was an opportunity to share hopes and relate experiences that could help guide and inspire the ambitious undertaking that is the SDG Olympiad. Of course, there are many youth competitions these days related to the SDGs. So what will make the SDG Olympiad different, and enhance its real-world impact? Some of the key ingredients that have been tested over previous years include: •

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Collaborating with youth networks like Genertion Connect and platforms like Goodwall that are actively supporting youth-led innovation for the SDGs to attract global talent. Selecting challenges that are set by experts in the field, who understand where the real problems are and know what solutions have already been tried. Filtering young people ideas through hackathons and online coaching sessions, with juries from the public and private sectors that can ensure the most feasible ideas move forward to a prototyping stage. Using AI to build robust teams during the SDG Summer Schools, where skills, interests, personalities and genders are well-balanced across time zones and cultures.

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Embedding student coaches in the teams, typically PhDs or Master students with real-world experience of the challenge who can support the other team members. Providing stipends so that no talented applicants are left behind, just because they don’t have enough money themselves to travel to an SDG Summer School. Organizing an SDG Jamboree where the best teams are invited to present their projects to potential funders and partners, and which is planned to happen shortly after the Olympics, inspired by the iGEM Jamboree for synthetic biology hosted in Paris each year. Ensuring proper incubation of the best projects after the Jamboree, so they can reach a stage of maturity where practical deployment and real-world impact is possible.

And if all goes well, the SDG Olympiad will not stop in 2024! The goal is to grow the competition yearon-year, right through to the Los Angeles Olympics in 2028. By then, it should become a beacon of grassroots, youth-driven innovation for the UN Agenda 2030 and beyond. All of that, inspired by the results of the youth teams presented in this SDGZine.

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