Factor: Afghanistan Insecurity and weak institutions, drug production and trade, displaced population and migration, uncontrolled environment degradation
Direct security risks, impact on livelihoods
Energy and Hydropower Disruption of energy supply for population and business, economic development constraints
Impact on livelihoods, international disputes
Biodiversity Mountain pastures, agro-biodiversity, rare and globally endangered species
Impact on livelihoods, income distribution
pollution
llution legacies,
nd ecosystems
A F G H A N I S TA N
TA J I K I S TA N
HIGHLAND Concept: O. Simonett and V. Novikov