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fisheries, and hydroelectric power generation. Less than 10 percent of the arable land in the region is under cultivation and only 5 percent of available water is used for cultivation. The region has used only 4 percent of its hydroelectric potential. The region is also a source of wealth of minerals (Birega 2004, 14).
References Amoako, K. Y. 2011. “The Africa Transformation Report.” Presentation at the African Center for Economic Transformation “Workshop on Growth and Transformation in Africa,” Bellagio, Italy. Arbache, Jorge, Delfin S. Go, and John Page. 2008. “Is Africa’s Economy at a Turning Point?” in Africa at a Turning Point? Growth, Aid, and External Shocks, ed. Delfin Go and John Page, 13–85. Washington, DC: World Bank. Banister, Judith. 2005. “Manufacturing Earnings and Compensation in China.” Monthly Labor Review (August): 22–40. Birega, Gebremedhine. 2004. “Preliminary Country Paper of Ethiopia on Competition Regime: Capacity Building on Competition Policy in Select Countries of Eastern and Southern Africa.” AHa Ethiopian Consumer Protection Agency, Addis Ababa. Chenery, Hollis. 1980. “Interactions between Industrialization and Exports.” American Economic Review 70 (2): 281–87. Clarke, George. 2011a. “Assessing How the Investment Climate Affects Firm Performance in Africa: Evidence from the World Bank’s Enterprise Surveys.” Background paper (Light Manufacturing in Africa Study). Available online in Volume III at http://econ.worldbank.org/africamanufacturing. World Bank, Washington, DC. ———. 2011b. “Wages and Productivity in Manufacturing in Africa: Some Stylized Facts.” Background paper (Light Manufacturing in Africa Study). Available online in Volume III at http://econ.worldbank.org/africamanufacturing. World Bank, Washington, DC. Conway, Patrick, and Manju Shah. 2010. “Incentives, Exports, and International Competitiveness in Sub-Saharan Africa: Lessons from the Apparel Industry.” World Bank, Washington, DC. Eckstein, Alexander. 1977. China’s Economic Revolution. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. Fafchamps, Marcel, and Simon Quinn. 2011. “Results from a Qualitative Survey.” Background paper (Light Manufacturing in Africa Study). Available online in Volume III at http://econ.worldbank.org/africamanufacturing. World Bank, Washington, DC. Fox, Louise. 2011. “Why Is the Informal Normal in Low-Income Sub-Saharan Africa?” Presentation at the World Bank, Washington, DC. Gelb, Alan, Vijaya Ramachandran, Manju Kedia Shah, and Ginger Turner. 2007. “What Matters to African Firms? The Relevance of Perceptions Data.” Policy Research Working Paper 4446, World Bank, Washington, DC. Harrison, Ann E., Justin Y. Lin, and L. C. Xu. 2011. “Explaining Africa’s (Dis) Advantage.” Background paper (Light Manufacturing in Africa Study). Available online in