Index
lack of success due to bad locations, 212 monitoring the performance of zones, 234–35 overall performance, 103–09 private sector participation, 189, 192, 193 promotion of linkages with the local economy, 225, 226 SEZ investment outcomes, 70–78 socioeconomic outcomes in zones, 96–103 tariffs and preferences, 144–46 tax levels, 146–47 transport infrastructure considerations, 221 utilities considerations in zones, 137, 139, 219 Ghana Free Zones Board (GFZB), 170 global production networks (GPNs), 105 Guatemala, 35, 37
H Hanseatic League, 31–32 Honduras business regulatory environment in zones, 142–44 comparative advantage focus, 160, 161 customs and trade issues impacting zones, 139–42 customs effectiveness, 222 development of private sector zones, 37 dynamic outcomes in zones, 87–95 employment statistics in the zones, 84–86 export levels related to zones, 78–84 lack of success due to bad locations, 211 launch of export processing zones, 35 overall performance, 103–09 physical master plan importance, 167 private sector participation, 192 private sector zones, 76 promotion of linkages with the local economy, 231–32 public-private dialogue, 196 reliance on single end markets through trade preferences, 164–65 SEZ investment outcomes, 70–78 single factory/single unit free zones use, 167
291
socioeconomic outcomes in zones, 96–103 targeting of anchor investors, 207 tariffs and preferences, 144–46 tax levels, 146–47 transport infrastructure considerations, 221 utilities considerations, 138 weak local linkages with FDI, 227 zone operators value-added role, 217, 218 Hong Kong, SAR, China, 32
I incentives and zone success African government’s role in limiting incentives, 261–62 collective action advantages versus fiscal incentives, 179, 182 consequences of fiscal incentives, 174–75, 176 favoring of quantity of investors over quality, 205–06 as a performance factor, 123 phasing out of fiscal incentives, 178–79 relevance of fiscal incentives, 173, 174t WTO context and fiscal incentives, 175–78 India, 35, 42–44 Indonesia, 35 Industrial Development Company, 33 institutional framework of zones balancing authority and independence, 182–84 operating budget predictability need, 186–88 problem of decentralization of zone authorities, 188–89, 190 role of structures, 184–86, 187 Instituto Politécnico Centroamericano (IPC), 231–32 International Labour Organisation (ILO), 1, 17, 42 investment climate in African SEZs business regulatory environment and, 142–44 elements involved, 133 factors contributing to failures, 133 labor access importance, 136 location selection criteria, 135–36