x
Contents
3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 6.1 6.2 7.1 8.1
Comparison of Long-Run Sectoral Changes in Exports with SEZ Program Establishment Index of Garment Sector Exports to the United States by Region Index of Free Zone Exports in the Dominican Republic: Textile versus Nontextile SEZ Labor Market Integration Average Monthly Wages plus Benefits Share of Females in the SEZ Workforce Compared with the Overall Nonagricultural Workforce Share of Management Positions in SEZs Held by Females Unskilled Labor Costs Average Downtime Monthly Resulting from Power Outages Average Time Needed for Imports through Main Seaport to Clear Customs Relationship between Access to Onsite Customs Clearance and Average Import Clearance Relationship between Access to One-Stop Services and Average Time from Application to Start-Up Average Time to Obtain an Electricity Connection Impact of SEZ Corporate Tax Incentives on a Simulated Large Investor Comparison of Zone Regulatory Authority Board Structures Mix of Public versus Private Zones by Region Time and Cost of Registering a Property Schematic of the Potential Effect of SEZ Policy across the Investment Climate Spectrum
88 90 93 94 97 101 103 106 138 141 142 143 143 147 185 191 209 243
Tables 2.1 2.2 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6
Summary of Key Developments in the Evolution of SEZs Key Demographic Figures Relative Importance of SEZs in East Asian Economies Overview of African Zone Programs by Decade of Launch SEZ Investment Statistics Summary of Key SEZ Export Statistics Export Orientation in SEZs Employment Contribution of SEZs
41 43 66 68 71 79 83 86