192
Managing Openness
Figure 15.8. Ratio of Exports to GDP in 2008 and GDP Growth in Selected Countries, 2009 4 Uruguay
GDP growth in 2009 (%)
2
Australia Argentina
0 Brazil
Peru
Ecuador
Colombia New Zealand
–2
Norway South Africa
Chile
Canada –4
–6 Mexico –8 10
15
20
25 30 exports/GDP in 2008 (%)
35
40
Source: Zahler & Co., based on data from Bloomberg and the IMF: Bloomberg (database), New York, http://www.bloomberg.com; and International Financial Statistics (database), IMF, http://www.imfstatistics.org.
Figure 15.9. Chile’s Commercial Openness, 1986–2009 100
55 50
90
45 80
35
70
30
60
% of GDP
% of GDP
40
25 50 20 40
15
30
19 86 19 87 19 88 19 89 19 90 19 91 19 92 19 93 19 94 19 9 19 5 9 19 6 97 19 98 19 99 20 00 20 01 20 02 20 03 20 0 20 4 05 20 06 20 07 20 08 20 09
10
year exports (% GDP)
imports (% GDP)
exports and imports (% GDP) (right axis)
Source: Zahler & Co., based on data from the Central Bank of Chile: Statistics Database, Central Bank of Chile, Santiago, http://www.bcentral.cl.