Index
benefits of, 86 business case elements, 86–87 business case preparation steps, 85–86 capacity to succeed demonstration, 91 cost-benefit analysis, 88–90, 91t guidelines for contextualizing issues, 87, 88 history of collective trade facilitation initiatives, 79–80 management modernization (see international instruments) organizational change management (see change management) potential gains from reduced trade costs, 80–81 prioritizing projects, 87–88, 89 private sector interests (see private sector) regional integration (see customs unions) trade costs related to border management, 81–85 Border Service Agency, Canada, 134 Border Service of East Timor (BSET), 329 border stations administrative buildings, 56–58 border crossings, 39–40 borders defined, 37–39 control agencies function, 40–41 control equipment, 73 customs function, 40 customs territory defined, 39 decision elements for establishing closed borders, 46 deciding on a site (see site decision for a border station) intermediate options, 46–47 international or bilateral agreement presence, 47 need for evaluation, 44, 45 open borders, 45–46 responsible authority, 47 defined, 40 design considerations, 52–53 duty free shops, 42 elements of effective border management, 37 enclave system, 38 field operations and staffing issues, 62–63 immigration function, 40, 41 information and communications technology uses, 68–70 infrastructure and facilities, 58–60 372
B O R D E R M A N A G E M E N T M O D E R N I Z AT I O N
juxtaposed border facilities (see juxtaposed border facilities) “no man’s land” explained, 38 operations, 61–62 paper immigration and customs forms problems, 63–64 private sector services, 41–42 scanners, 71–73 security, 43–44, 72–74 smuggling, 39 station management administration of the facility, 74–75 ethics, 74 international access roads, 74 monitoring performance, 75–76 security, 73–74 terrorism and, 43 traffic management access roads and corridors, 54 layout, 60–61 parking lots, 54–55 queue management, 55–56 transit monitoring, 70–71 zero risk illusion, 43–44 BSET (Border Service of East Timor), 329 C
Cameroon Customs, 211 Canada, 134, 201–02, 203 Cargo-IMP, 186 Cargo Interchange Message Procedures (Cargo-IMP), 186 carnet transit regimes, 285–86, 290–91 CBP (Customs and Border Protection, US), 306 Central African Republic, 339 CET (common external tariff ), 236–37 change management challenges, 201 change options analysis, 200–01 current trends, 201 ground rules and criteria establishment, 200 human resources management (see human resources management) interagency arrangements, 212–13 interagency coordination requirement, 199 management implications for individual agencies, 204–05 model choice, 203–04