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World Bank Study
uses unwanted waste and plant and animal material that would otherwise produce methane during landfill is certified as an emissions reduction project according to UNFCCC. Carbon footprints calculated by Soil & More include the supply chain from cultivation in a developing country up to the retail store in Europe. The calculation includes an estimation of the total GHG emissions occurring from a supply chain during a particular year in order to allow offsets to be purchased. carboNZero, New Zealand
This is not a method in itself, but a provider of tools and resources to measure, manage and mitigate the greenhouse gas emissions of both households and businesses. CarboNZero certification is available and requires a commitment to reduce emissions at the source. Access to guidelines, tools, and certification for businesses are subject to the payment of a registration fee, certification fees, and audit fees. Calculators for household, travel, and tourism and schools calculators are free. The method is consistent with PAS 2050. Patagonia Clothes, United States
Patagonia Clothes provides information on energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and waste generation of five items of clothing on their website. The method used for the calculation of greenhouse gas emissions is the WRI/WBCSD GHG Protocol. The calculations only consider transportation and facility energy use in the product supply chain, mainly— if not exclusively—based on energy use. European Ecolabel (Eco-Flower)
Currently, the possibility of including carbon footprinting within the European Ecolabel is being considered as part of a revision of the label in 2009. The revised Ecolabel might also be available to the categories of food and drink which so far have been excluded. An Excel spreadsheet toolkit was developed as a simplified model for some product groups covered by the Ecolabel. The project report and toolkit are currently published for consideration and discussion within the EU Ecolabel community only. This is being done with the aim of making decisions on how best to develop this issue in relation to the EU’s multicriteria labeling scheme. One of the reasons why the European Commission has so far not become further involved in the issues of carbon footprinting and carbon labeling is that none of the currently emerging schemes in Europe (such as PAS 2050, ISO, Ademe’s Repository of Best Practice) have an agreed-on common approach that would allow for the development of mandatory policies. Stop Climate Change, Germany
This German initiative (operated by AGRA-TEG Agrar- und Umwel echnik GmbH Gö ingen, a spin-off of the University of Gö ingen) includes the calculation of emissions, verification of results, application of identified emissions reductions strategies and the communication of these activities via a label that certifies carbon neutrality achieved through the purchase of carbon credits. The aims of the initiative are to identify, quantify, and document GHG sources; define opportunities for emission reductions; raise awareness within the business; and communicate the commitment of the business to the wider public. Another aim is to generate new data on GHG emissions of products, services, processes, businesses, sectors, and industries and to stimulate a continuing improvement process through benchmarking. The developers of this standard claim that their system is relatively easy to apply and at the same time guarantees the inclusion of all relevant GHG emissions. The label “Stop