WDR Framework and Structure
The Report argues that the risk of violence increases when stresses—both internal and external—combine with weak institutions. Given this challenge, how have countries prevented or escaped violence? The WDR framework (figure 1) suggests that there is a need to first restore confidence and then to transform institutions that provide citizen security, justice, and jobs. The interlink between security and development has been debated under the notion of human security, which encompasses freedom from fear, freedom from want, and freedom to live in dignity.1 By putting the security and prosperity of human beings at the center, human security addresses wide range of threats, both from poverty and from violence, and their interactions. Building on the report by the Commission on Human Security in 2003, the importance of human security has been recognized in the United Nations General Asembly and other international fora. While acknowledging the importance of human security and its emphasis on placing people at the center of focus, this Report uses the term “citizen security” more often to sharpen our focus more on freedom from physical violence and freedom from fear of violence. Our hope is to complement the discussion on the aspect of freedom from fear in the human security concept.
FIGURE 1
The 2011 WDR Framework—Building resilience to violence CITIZEN SECURITY, JUSTICE, AND JOBS EXTERNAL STRESS
RE
R TO
ING FID CON
E NC E
IT
T
IO
NS
F I DE NC E CON
UT
GI
ING
IT
ST
ENCE
IO
IN
FID CON
ST
1
UT
NG
ING
N GI
IT
R TO
R TO
TRANSFORMIN
VIOLENCE and FRAGILITY
S
TRANSFORMI
RE
S
TRANSFORMIN
RE
S
UT
IO
NS
NS
NS
EXTERNAL SUPPORT AND INCENTIVES
The importance of human security has been recognized in the UN General Assembly 2005 resolution adopted at the 2005 World Summit, the UN General Assembly 2009 report, and UN General Assembly 2010 resolution, as well as in other fora such as the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, G8, and World Economic Forum. See the Commission on Human Security 2003; UN General Assembly 2005b, 2009b, 2010.
45