Index
lognormal distribution of lead time, 36, 37f notations, 35t, 83–84 operational responsibilities and costs, 33f principles of transit procedures, 28–30, 29–30b quantitative model, 35–37, 83–88 total logistics costs components of, 33t, 83 figuring, 87–88
T Tanzania, 18, 46t, 47, 52, 60 Teravaninthorn, S., 21 textiles and garments, 49, 51, 53 Thailand, 20 time estimating value of, 42–43b, 89–90, 90f export supply chains, 47–48, 48t lead time, unpredictability of, 45–47, 46f, 46t TIR (Transport International Routier) system, 28, 29–30b trade facilitation measures, 9–10, 10t transit procedures clearance systems, improving, 74, 75b mandatory procedural costs, 64 overheads associated with, 63–67, 66t principles of, 12n10, 28–30, 29–30b transit state, dependence of LLDCs on, 2, 12n10 Transit Transport Co-ordination of the Northern Corridor (NCTTCA), 38, 56n8 transport costs competitiveness, as barrier to, 70n10 delays and unreliability greater than, 41–42 disadvantages of relying on, 25–26 export supply chains, 48–49 macroestimations, shortcomings of, 26–27b time valuation, road versus rail, 89–90, 90f trucking. See trucking costs variation in, 16, 17f Transport International Routier (TIR) system, 28, 29–30b transport services delays and unreliability due to, 53–55 reform of, 76–77
99
trucking costs, 8–9, 15–23 average truck mileage, 18f border crossing issues, 20–21, 22t impact of different measures on, 21–22, 22t infrastructure development, limited impact of, 3, 4–6, 5t, 15, 21–22, 22t market regulation and structure, 19–21, 20t, 21f, 22 operating costs, 16–19, 16t, 17b variation in transport prices, 16, 17f Turkmenistan, 44
U Uganda delays and unreliability in, 46f LPI index, 78 quantitative supply chain transit model applied to, 37–39, 38f, 39t, 40f, 40t small market size, 60 unreliability. See delays and unreliability U.S. African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), 53 U.S. AID, 70n8 Uzbekistan, 44, 67
V Venables, Anthony, xiv Vinod, H. D., 33 Von Weizsäcker, A., 42
W warehousing, compulsory, 64, 70n5 West African Economic and Monetary Union, 70n8 Wörgötter, A., 2 World Bank, 4, 5t, 38, 74 Wörz, J., 2
Y Yeats, A. J., 2
Z Zambia, 31 Zils, M., 50 Zimbabwe, 31, 50