Bridging the gap between science and policy / 02 Meet the cartographers putting climate change on the map / 04 Dr. Taniya RoyChowdhury awarded inaugural Christiana Figueres Prize / 07 Fund for Climate Solutions awards five new grants / 08 In the news: highlights / 09
Notes from the Field Month in Review ● November 2023 woodwellclimate.org
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Monthly Newsletter
Bridging the gap between science and policy How the Government Relations team leverages Woodwell Climate’s research into policy change Morgan Florsheim
Government Relations Intern
On September 13, 2023 a group of 15 of Woodwell Climate Research Center staff, scientists, and board members gathered on Capitol Hill in Washington, DC. They had a big day ahead of them: on the docket were around 16 different meetings with Congressional staff and Members of Congress on topics ranging from carbon markets and the Farm Bill, to water research, to assessments of climate risk. The goal was clear across the board: share the takeaways from Woodwell’s scientific research with the very policymakers who are tasked with making decisions on climate issues. This was Woodwell Climate’s second annual “Fly-In”—so called because it brings team members of a non-DC-based organization, like Woodwell, face-to-face with policymakers in Congress. The masterminds behind the Fly-In were staff members who are part of an invaluable team at the Center: the Government Relations (GR) team.Zach Zobel. In addition, five external reviewers contributed to the development of the original principles. Building a team for the greatest impact Woodwell Climate has always been involved in the policymaking process. From its outset, the driving principle behind the Center has been carrying out scientific research to inform decision making. For many years, however, there were no team members on staff whose primary responsibility was to bridge the gap between science and policy. When Dave McGlinchey, Chief of Government Relations, came on board with the Center via the Communications team, then-president Dr. Philip Duffy was taking on much of the policy work himself. It became clear as the Center grew that, in order to realize the full impact potential of the Center’s research, they needed a dedicated policy team. Today, the GR team has four full-time members who come from a diverse set of professional backgrounds. McGlinchey got his start as a journalist on Capitol Hill who “fell in love with the policymaking process” and felt drawn to address the severity of the climate crisis. Laura Uttley, Director of Government
Relations, has been a lobbyist in D.C. for over ten years and was excited to join a relatively new team establishing its roots in the capital. Andrew Condia, External Affairs Manager, spent many years working in the office of a U.S. Senator as a liaison for local government officials. He pivoted to Woodwell because he wanted a more narrow focus on a policy area he was passionate about: solving environmental problems. And Natalie Baillargeon, a Policy Analyst, was a scientist first before she realized that her passion lay in transforming that science into useful policy. It is precisely this diversity of perspectives that makes the team so effective, Uttley says, because they are able to reach decisions by coming at problems from many different angles. The fulltime team members work alongside Dr. Peter Frumhoff, a parttime Senior Science Policy Expert, and Government Relations Assistants Saskia Braden and Abby Fennelly. The road from research to legislation In the three years since the creation of the team, the investment in dedicated GR staff members has proven invaluable. “In 2023, it’s no longer enough to produce good science and hope something good comes of that…What we came to realize is that we really need to get involved in shaping that policy,” McGlinchey says. “The science is not getting put to use otherwise. And if we don’t get involved in the policymaking process, other people will, and oftentimes it will be people who are not prioritizing climate stability as one of their main objectives.” So how does the GR team shape policy? “Anytime the government acts, there’s an opportunity to influence policymakers, legislation, or regulations and promote
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The second approach Woodwell’s GR team takes is to build support for new initiatives. An example of this is Woodwell’s push for the development of a more coordinated system of national climate services, which grew out of one of the Center’s flagship programs: Just Access. Just Access is a partnership between GR and Woodwell’s Risk program that provides “useful, relevant, accessible, and free of charge climate information that can help communities make forward thinking policy decisions,” says Condia, who leads this work on the GR side. GR team members find and communicate with partner governments around the world, providing project management while the Risk team completes the scientific assessment of risk for relevant climate factors such as heat, flooding, and drought. Through this work, the Woodwell team has come face to face with the enormous gaps in delivery of climate services and information to local and regional governments. “You realize that you’re just scratching the surface,” McGlinchey laments. “You work with Chelsea, Massachusetts, and it’s important and powerful. But there are 1,000 other communities like it that I wish we could work with.”
or defend policies that advance Woodwell’s interests,” Uttley says. For the members of the GR team, their job is to spot those opportunities and leverage Woodwell’s science in a way that improves climate policy. That process starts with building relationships and trust with decision makers. As McGlinchey puts it, “you can’t show up in these policymaking settings and just expect people to welcome you in and embrace your science right off the bat.” The GR team puts time and effort into establishing Woodwell’s reputation for producing rigorous, high-quality science and advocating for pragmatic, nonpartisan policies that foster relationships and improve climate-related legislation. After building the organization’s credibility with the government, team members take a two pronged approach to advancing climate policy. The first is to spot windows within existing legislation where “there could be a stronger role of climate science,” McGlinchey says. One example of this is Woodwell’s work on the Farm Bill, legislation that authorizes programs related to agriculture, nutrition, conservation, and forestry policy and must be renewed every five years. Given climate science pertains to a range of topics and policies included in the Farm Bill, Woodwell developed policy priorities, hosted a congressional briefing, drafted legislative text alongside congressional offices, and spoke with decision-makers about advancing the role of climate science in the Farm Bill.
For many communities, Condia says, “the Just Access program may be the only opportunity they have to have access to this data, to be able to understand their climate future.” This realization led the GR team to develop an advocacy framework calling for a new federal initiative establishing comprehensive national climate services. From Chelsea, Massachusetts to the DRC Federal policy work can be a long game. For Baillargeon, working on more local projects like Just Access is exciting because “when we work with these communities, science is in the hands of decision-makers immediately.” In many cases, communities quickly undertake steps towards protecting vulnerable residents and infrastructure identified by the risk assessments. In Chelsea, Massachusetts, city officials integrated the results of the assessment into their planning for equitable climate resilience solutions. In Charleston, South Carolina, local governments are using their risk assessment as support for a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) grant application. It’s not just in the United States where these risk assessments have an impact. For the Democratic Republic of Congo’s Environment Ministry, Woodwell completed a unique assessment that included an analysis of risk to forest carbon stocks. The risk assessment led to a request for Woodwell to support the creation of a regulatory agency for carbon markets. For McGlinchey, this work is incredibly exciting. “This is a once-in-a-generation opportunity to direct enormous amounts
GR team members (left to right) Laura Uttley, Andrew Condia, Natalie Baillargeon, and Dave McGlinchey at this year’s Washington, D.C. Fly-In. / photo by Eric Lee
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of funding into forest conservation efforts… and we need those forests conserved if we’re going to have a stable climate.” Voluntary carbon markets, he says, have not historically been reliable. What’s happening now in the DRC is an opportunity for Woodwell policy experts to support the creation of science-backed standards to ensure that when offsets or credits are sold there is a verifiable climate benefit. In short: “there’s a lot at stake here.” Endless possibility for policy action The flow of opportunities for leveraging Woodwell’s research continues to build momentum. The team is rising to meet the challenge, and there is a lot they want to accomplish in the coming years. As they take on new projects and add new team members, they will continue to stay true to the organization’s mission, never straying from the science. Each team member was adamant about one thing: Woodwell does things differently, and it is that difference that leads to such a profound policy impact coming from such a small team. “Woodwell exists in not a unique niche, but an unusual one,” McGlinchey says. “We’re not a pure science organization, but we’re not a straight advocacy organization. We bring deep scientific credentials and then we get into the policymaking room and engage and try to create better legislation… people appreciate it. They appreciate that our motivations are purely focused on a stable, safe climate.” It’s what makes an event like September’s Fly-In so successful. Science, translated into policy, without the political baggage. “Once they figure that out about Woodwell,” says McGlinchey, “they want to work with us.”
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Meet the cartographers putting climate change on the map Maps are essential to telling the story of our changing world Sarah Ruiz
Science Writer and Editor
In a busy hallway of the Dena’ina Civic and Convention Center in Anchorage, Alaska, Arctic Communications Specialist, Jess Howard, and Climate Adaptation Specialist, Brooke Woods, stand in front of a large print-out of a map of Alaska. The map was created by Greg Fiske, Senior Geospatial Analyst at Woodwell Climate, to show the topography of the state in artfully shaded greens, browns, and whites. At the moment it is covered in handwritten notes. Woods had suggested they bring the map to the Alaska Forum on the Environment (AFE) and invite conference attendees to add notes describing their community’s experiences with the impacts of climate change. Their table remained crowded throughout the day, as people stopped to point out the rivers and mountain ranges around where they lived, and swap stories about erosion, flooding, permafrost thaw, and disappearing species. “Even on this huge map of Alaska,” says Howard. “People were coming up and immediately saying ‘There’s this river, there we are.’ Knowing exactly where to point was just so immediate because of the deep connection Alaska Native communities have to the land and water, of which they are the original stewards.” Fiske who, alongside Cartographer Christina Shintani, leads the Center’s map-making activities, has seen many moments like this one over his decadeslong career—moments where maps start conversations, foster connections, and get people thinking. It’s the reason he brings maps with him wherever he goes, and encourages others to do the same.
It’s the reason he keeps a table at the Center’s offices covered in printed maps, sometimes finished pieces for display, sometimes draft versions to workshop. Because when the maps come out, so do the stories. And the stories help us better understand our place in the changing world. Making maps is a method of discovery “But Google Maps exists. Haven’t all the maps been made already?” Fiske and Shintani have heard it before: the idea that “everything has already been mapped.” Why should we create new maps of familiar places? In a world beset by hundreds of transformative forces, of which climate change is one, Shintani responds that cartography is just as important now, if not more important than ever. “The world is constantly changing,” says Shintani. “If it weren’t, we wouldn’t spend billions of dollars to capture satellite imagery every minute of the day. Political boundaries change every year, glaciers disappear, wildfires break out and alter the landscape, and we have to map the physical and social phenomena to understand that changing world.” The act of creating a map can also be a method of revealing something new from existing data, which is why cartography plays a central role in research at Woodwell Climate. Fiske and Shintani field frequent requests from scientists for maps to accompany
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“Cartographers are generalists,” says Shintani. “We have to know a little bit about a lot of things, which actually benefits us as climate communicators, since the maps we’re making aren’t meant to inform other expert climate scientists, they are trying to convey information to everyone else.” “Cartography isn’t really one profession,” Fiske clarifies. “It’s a collection of professions.” A modern cartographer, according to Fiske, is a data analyst, a statistician, a designer, a programmer, a storyteller, and an artist all rolled into one. Skills from each profession, and a healthy curiosity about a hundred other topics, are required in order to create maps that are informative, attention-grabbing, and intuitive to read. Fiske entered into cartography through the world of computer coding, discovering an affinity for programming in his high school’s computer lab. He picked up the other skills later, with guidance from mentors, learning first to apply coding to geospatial data, and then how to display that data visually, and even make it beautiful. Shintani’s entryway into cartography was through science. She had intended to study the physical geography of rivers, when a class on cartography changed her direction.
research papers. According to Fiske, “Sometimes the data for that is readily available, but sometimes it takes an entire geospatial analysis to derive what you need to make the map. And you won’t really know until you start iterating.” Often, viewing data on a map will inspire new scientific questions for researchers to chase down. The act of creating maps is not just an end product, it can be a critical step in the scientific process.
Cartography requires a little bit of everything In their time at the Center, Fiske and Shintani have worked on maps detailing forest carbon in the United States, global drought forecasts, fire detections in the Amazon rainforest, and Arctic communities located on permafrost ground—they are no strangers to working across disciplines.
Map table at the Woodwell Climate offices. / photo by Greg Fiske Fiske and Shintani on a fishing trip in Cape Cod waters. / photo courtesy of Greg Fiske
“With maps, I could organize everything in a way that made sense to me—because the world is so often organized in ways that don’t make sense—and I could make them beautiful,” says Shintani. “It was the first time I felt like I was really good at something.” Fiske and Shintani’s cartographic talents eventually brought them both to Woodwell Climate, where their knowledge of various fields has helped them solve research questions and communicate new findings to the public. “The day-to-day involves bringing together datasets, developing a clear story, making it look intuitive through design,
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taking the experts’ thoughts and data and making it a little more tangible for folks,” says Shintani. To map something is to understand it In another era, a cartographer might also have been somewhat of an adventurer— conducting expeditions to map hills and valleys, using mathematical conversions to capture the detailed curves of a coastline in a meticulously hand-drawn document. These days, cartography has much more to do with sitting behind a computer, manipulating massive datasets created by satellite observation and tweaking color palettes and font sizes using a variety of software.
The proliferation of satellite data has made the process of map-making much quicker and more accessible—no longer requiring long expeditions just to gather information on topography or ground cover. It’s allowed a shortcut to understanding the shape of places you’ve never been. A shortcut, Fiske says, but not a replacement. “I would never have been able to make
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that map,” says Fiske, referring to the map of Alaskan topography that Howard and Woods brought to AFE, which earned him two awards from the Esri User Conference earlier this year. “If I hadn’t been to Alaska, seen it from an airplane, looked at those mountains, and seen what it looks like between the green valleys and the white glaciers.” Travel is something Fiske believes should remain a part of the cartographer’s toolkit whenever possible, because a thorough understanding of a place is critical to being able to map it. Things like the natural colors of the landscape at different times of year, the true scale of glaciers when you are standing beneath them, the shape of a slumping and eroding hillside, give a fuller picture of the reality on the ground. “A good map is a close connection to reality,” says Fiske. The closer to reality a map is, the more intuitive it is to orient yourself on it, and understand the information the map is trying to convey. Fiske travels regularly, joining float trips with Science on the Fly or Permafrost Pathways’ visits to field sites and Alaska Native partner communities. He plays a role in the science, helping navigate and collect data, but values the experiences more for the insights he can use to inform future maps. “If you’ve stood on the tundra,” he says. “Then you can make a better map of the tundra.”
A place in the world A decade ago, Fiske recalls, he was helping a colleague map her work studying chimpanzees in the Congo Rainforest. “We were going through and pulling coordinates out, sifting through notebooks that had obviously been sitting in the field for years, covered in water stains and mud.” They were overlaying documented nesting sites with data on forest type and at some point, Fiske turned around and realized she was in tears. “Seeing it formulate on the screen, she was overcome with emotions,” says Fiske. “The map reflected what she had been carrying around in her mind the whole time.” Maps, in Fiske’s experience, create instant—sometimes emotional— connections between people and places. They place individuals in the context of the wider world and put long-held ideas down on paper to be shared. Which is why Fiske believes anyone can and should make maps. He has been helping the Permafrost Pathways team bring cartography into their work with Indigenous Arctic communities through a method called participatory mapping, which combines community input with technical expertise to create maps representing collective knowledge. Howard is also working with Fiske to create a digital version of his Alaskan topography map that incorporates the stories shared through the exercise at AFE. Looking forward, Fiske wants to push his career more and more towards helping others create maps. Because everyone has stories to share about the places they know—whether they come from generations spent living on a landscape, or one lifetime’s work spent studying a single ecosystem. “I want to help folks make maps,” says Fiske. “And tell their story.”
map by Christina Shintani
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Dr. Taniya RoyChowdhury awarded inaugural Christiana Figueres Prize The award recognizes microbiological research that has helped fight the climate crisis Sarah Ruiz
Science Writer/Editor
Woodwell Climate Research Scientist Dr. Taniya RoyChowdhury, has been awarded the inaugural Christiana Figueres Prize for microbiology. The prize, part of the Applied Microbiology International Horizon Awards, recognizes scientists who have used microbiology to make a significant contribution to our understanding of terrestrial life and the preservation of our global ecosystem. Figueres, for whom the prize is named, has been a leader in climate action for almost three decades, founding the Centre for Sustainable Development in the Americas in 1995 and serving as a negotiator of the United Nations Convention on Climate Change and the Vice President of the Bureau of the Climate Convention representing Latin America and the Caribbean. The prize seeks to honor scientists who have followed in her footsteps as climate leaders, using microbiology to help improve our understanding of climate change and solutions that could help mitigate emissions. Dr. RoyChowdhury is a first-generation college student who grew up in urban India with a passion for nature and science. With help from her family, she was able to pursue an education in environmental studies. Her research now focuses on how soil systems are responding to climate change at both the broad ecological scale and the complex microbial one. “Microbes regulate the rate at which organic carbon inputs from plants
are metabolized and stabilized in the soil,” says Dr. RoyChowdhury. “The soil microbiome is also a major driver of carbon loss via greenhouse gasses. My research seeks to quantitatively understand the responses of the soil microbiome to climate change factors.” According to Dr. RoyChowdhury, a deeper understanding of these dynamics could help inform strategies for improving soil carbon sequestration. She has published more than 25 papers on topics like the impacts of seasonal and tidal wetland drawdowns on methane production, the impacts of drought on prairie grasslands, and the connection between land-use and management change in agroecosystems and microbial processes. “My goal is to realize the powerful impact that soil microbiology can have towards achieving the sustainable development goals of climate action,” says Dr. RoyChowdury. “Using a multi-dimensional approach and comprehensive understanding of diverse ecosystems, I strive to provide valuable insights into the factors influencing climate vulnerability, soil health and sustainability.” At Woodwell Climate, Dr. RoyChowdhury is currently leading research on the soil and plant productivity impacts of organic farming in Andhra Pradesh state in southern India. She has trained local volunteers and farmers to collect and analyze soil samples on 300 farms in the region, with the hopes of quantifying how organic farming practices can be used to
increase carbon and other nutrients in the soils. “The farmer is the best scientist here because they know the soils more than we could test in the lab. They have been farming for years and years and inheriting practices over generations,” says Dr. RoyChowdhury. “So when they see the changes in the soil, they’ll know it.” The Christiana Figueres Prize was announced November 16 at the 2023 Environmental Microbiology Lecture, held at the British Medical Association House in London.
Dr. Taniya RoyChowdhury speaks at the Woodwell Auditorium. / photo by Julianne Waite Dr. RoyChowdhury (far left) with enumerators performing crop cutting exercises after an in-class training in India. / photo courtesy of Dr. RoyChowdhury
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Monthly Newsletter
Fund for Climate Solutions awards five new grants From floods to fire, the 2023 summer cohort of FCS projects seeks scalable climate solutions Margaret Lin
Communications Manager
The second round of 2023 Fund for Climate Solutions (FCS) awardees has been announced. The FCS advances innovative, solutions-oriented climate science through a competitive, internal, and cross-disciplinary funding process. Generous donor support has enabled us to raise more than $10 million towards the FCS, funding 58 research grants since the campaign’s launch in 2018. This latest cohort of grantees includes five projects working toward a range of scalable solutions to address climate impacts around the globe, from boreal and tropical forests, to heat-impacted cities, to much-discussed and still-struggling carbon markets. Boreal fire management to protect permafrost and carbon Project lead: Dr. Brendan Rogers Collaborator: Dr. Peter Frumhoff As the climate changes, wildfires in boreal forests are intensifying and putting tremendous amounts of carbon at risk of accelerated release from trees and soils to the atmosphere. Motivated by previous Woodwell Climate research, the US Fish and Wildlife Service has recently set aside 1.6 million acres of the Yukon Flats National Wildlife Reserve in Alaska for enhanced fire management to protect carbon and permafrost, and has invited our collaboration to assess the potential and cost-effectiveness of boreal fire management as an overlooked natural climate solution. This invitation is an unprecedented opportunity for actionable scientific research and timely policy impact. Supported by the FCS, the team will conduct the first-ever field study of boreal fire management for climate mitigation. Then, they will bring this work and its implications to decision makers and interest holders in Alaska and Washington, DC, positioning Woodwell Climate to expand the reach of this work within Alaska and, ultimately, to other boreal nations.
How climate change will exacerbate the vulnerability of people experiencing homelessness in Las Vegas Project lead: Dr. Christopher Schwalm Climate change is exacerbating the vulnerability of people experiencing homelessness in Las Vegas, NV as they face increasing extreme heat risk on the street and flood risk inside stormwater infrastructure. In the city, people experiencing homelessness cope with extreme heat by sheltering in stormwater infrastructure. During the summer of 2022, Las Vegas experienced its wettest monsoon season in over 10 years, resulting in the loss of two lives due to flooded tunnels. This award will support our partnership with local homelessness organizations to develop ways to measure projected lethal heat days and extreme flooding, informing emergency evacuations and raising awareness of climate risk. Research Assistant Monica Caparas will be the on-site scientific lead, and serve as the point of contact for all local partnerships. Because the threat of climate change to people experiencing homelessness isn’t limited to Las Vegas, this work aims to advance climate justice by creating a replicable framework
and best practices for establishing and nourishing working relationships with local communities, social service organizations, and government agencies. Detecting post-fire recruitment failure and permanent forest loss Project lead: Dr. Arden Burrell Collaborators: Dr. Yili Yang, Dr. Anna Talucci, and Dr. Brendan Rogers Extensive field campaigns in the boreal forest and the western U.S. have revealed that at an increasing number of study sites, tree species are failing to re-establish after fire destroys the stand. Such post-fire recruitment failure is increasing due to climate change, leading to a loss of both wildlife habitat and carbon storage, and reducing the area’s ability to provide ecosystem services. However, the large-scale extent of recruitment failure has not been studied—this is a key knowledge gap. The goal of this research is to perform a pilot study on existing sites in Yellowstone National Park to prove the feasibility of using remote sensing to detect recruitment failure, with the ultimate goal of obtaining further funding from U.S. government agencies or private foundations. Bringing together Woodwell Climate scientists currently working on separate projects, including Permafrost Pathways, NASA ABoVE, and NSF Arctic System Science programs, this project will build on and synergize their existing research.
Working on monitoring equipment at Tanguro Ranch in Mato Grasso, Brazil. / photo by Leandro Maracahipes/IPAM
November 2023
Advancing access to and applications of the Landscape Capital Index Project lead: Dr. Wayne Walker Collaborators: Seth Gorelik, Dr. Glenn Bush Carbon markets could be a powerful mechanism for incentivizing natural climate solutions (NCS) while at the same time enhancing the well-being of land stewards and their communities. However, these markets have faced intense criticism for a lack of transparency and integrity. The project team has been working to develop the Landscape Capital Index (LCI),
an independent, data-driven tool for assessing the potential of any tract of land to deliver climate mitigation, co-benefit, and conservation outcomes. With support from the FCS, the team will develop a web-based data platform prototype for beta testing and development into an interactive solution. This future stateof-the-art platform will enable access to and engagement with the LCI. The project team will also conduct targeted validation research to make sure the LCI performs well for strategic use cases in key geographic areas, with the goal of building user confidence in the data product’s integrity. Insights and lessons from 20 years of research on forest dynamics and agricultural sustainability in the Amazon Project lead: Dr. Ludmila Rattis Collaborators: Dr. Marcia Macedo, Dr. Michael Coe, Dr. Linda Deegan, Dr. Christopher Neill, and Dr. Paulo Brando Tanguro Field Station celebrates its 20th anniversary in 2024. Since its establishment by the Amazon Environmental Research Institute (IPAM Amazônia), 177 research papers
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have been published based on work conducted there. More than 215 students and journalists have participated in activities at Tanguro and produced theses, dissertations, policy briefs, and special content in prestigious journals and news outlets. While research at Tanguro has significantly advanced our understanding of tropical regions and continues to provide valuable ecological insights, there is a pressing need to synthesize past research. This award will support the preparation and publication of a synthesis paper that consolidates the findings and key insights from 20 years of research at Tanguro to facilitate a better understanding of the complex interdependencies within tropical ecosystems. This synthesis will also aid in developing a proposal to establish a Biological Integration Institute (BII-NSF) at Tanguro to promote collaboration, interdisciplinary approaches, and knowledge sharing among researchers, policymakers, and people affected by climate change and deforestation in the region.
In the news: highlights A recent episode of BBC’s Crowd Science podcast asking what 1.5 degrees of warming will look like featured Dr. Sue Natali and Permafrost Pathways Tribal Liaison Morris Alexei.
Dr. Wayne Walker was quoted in an article by Prime News to offer context on a recent study on the potential carbon storage of forests.
Dr. Jen Francis did a live TV interview with FOX Weather about how El Niño is impacting weather. Up North Live ABC also interviewed Jen about extreme weather in Northern Michigan.
Estrategias de Inversión published an opinion piece by Wellington’s Chris Goolgasian which mentioned an analysis conducted with Woodwell Climate on the fundamental relationship between food systems and biodiversity.
An article in The New York Times about how trees can help fight climate change linked to a study led by Dr. Wayne Walker with multiple Woodwell Climate authors. Energy Monitor interviewed Dr. Jon Sanderman for an article exploring whether soil carbon credits can help both farmers and the climate. A New Zealand Herald article covering an on-farm agroforestry day in Pongakawa mentioned Woodwell Climate’s contributions to the Tree Root Microbiome Programme.
Brooke Woods co-authored an opinion piece published in Anchorage Daily News about how federal fisheries updates are urgently needed for Alaska. She was also quoted in a USA Today article on warming waters’ impacts on Alaska fisheries. In their most recent episode, podcast Salve, Terra! interviewed Dr. Foster Brown on the climate crisis and the importance of collaboration and collective wisdom.
cover: A map covered in notes from Alaska Forum on the Environment (AFE) attendees, documenting their experiences with the impacts of climate change. / photo by Jess Howard
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